Multi-source access system based on constitution self-learning and communication interface self-adaptation

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaption, relates to the technical field of multi-source access of smart grids, and comprises a multi-protocol automatic learning self-archiving and protocol conversion system and a variety of communication interface self-adaption systems; the multi-protocol automatic learning self-archiving and protocol conversion system comprises an archive self-maintenance process, a protocol self-learning process and a protocol conversion process. The multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaption realizes compatibility with different buses by studying communication interface self-adaption, and does not need to know bus types, set communication types and the like in advance; the system can automatically identify three communication interfaces, automatically connects corresponding decoding circuits for specific interfaces, has certain coding anti-interference capability, and prevents mutual interference of decoding circuits; communication isolation technology is adopted to isolate the interface bus from the system, so that the safety of system work is ensured, and various fault conditions can be coped with.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multi-source access technology for smart grids, specifically a multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaptation. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of power system reform, the scale of distributed power generation has been increasing year by year. In recent years, China has also begun to pay attention to the protocol self-learning technology of distributed power generation. Through smart meter technology, power companies can obtain electricity consumption information in real time, thereby adjusting the output of distributed power generation according to actual load changes. These smart meters and communication devices usually support automatic identification and learning of the grid's operating status. Through data collection and analysis, the power system can realize dynamic load allocation and power dispatch.

[0003] In existing photovoltaic inverter systems, inverters from different manufacturers or of different models may use different communication interface standards, such as RS485, RS232, and TTL levels. This lack of uniformity requires the preparation of corresponding adapters or controllers for each interface, increasing the complexity and cost of the system. By studying adaptive communication interfaces, compatibility with different buses can be achieved without prior knowledge of bus types or setting communication types, thereby improving the level of automation.

[0004] By studying the differences and characteristics of the three communication interfaces, a circuit is designed that can automatically identify the three communication interfaces, automatically connect the corresponding decoding circuit for a specific interface, and have a certain encoding anti-interference capability to prevent mutual interference between the decoding circuits. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface adaptation, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaptation, including a multi-protocol automatic learning and autonomous documentation and protocol conversion system and a multi-communication interface self-adaptation system;

[0007] The multi-protocol automatic learning, autonomous archiving, and protocol conversion system includes a self-maintenance process for archives, a self-learning process for protocols, and a protocol conversion process.

[0008] The multi-communication interface adaptive system consists of three parts: an RS-232 bus judgment circuit, a TTL level-RS-485 bus judgment circuit, and a signal isolation circuit.

[0009] The RS-232 bus detection circuit determines whether it is an RS-232 bus; if so, it enables the RS-232 communication circuit and disables the RS-485 and TTL related circuits; otherwise, it disables the RS-232 communication circuit.

[0010] The TTL level-RS-485 bus detection circuit determines whether the signal is TTL level. If it is, the TTL level communication circuit is enabled and the RS-485 related circuit is disabled. Otherwise, the TTL level communication related circuit is disabled and the RS-485 communication circuit is enabled.

[0011] The signal isolation circuit isolates the transmission and reception of the communication interface circuit and transmits the current communication interface type to the system side. The system side does not need to care about the external communication interface type, making the system side work more securely and reliably.

[0012] The three communication interface connection methods are as follows: the RS-232 transmitter, the TTL level transmitter, and the RS-485 A terminal are shorted together; the RS-232 receiver, the TTL level receiver, and the RS-485 B terminal are shorted together; and the reference ground (RS-232 bus and TTL level) are shorted together.

[0013] Optionally, the self-maintenance file process is used to implement port file management and inverter protocol identification, and the specific process is as follows:

[0014] S1, Task begins;

[0015] S2. Initialize and read file parameters;

[0016] S3. Enter the file management process;

[0017] S4, self-learning operation of the specification.

[0018] Optionally, the file management process is used to manage port files, as follows:

[0019] When the device is powered on for the first time, if the file is empty, a framework file is created and protocol adaptation is performed for each port; if a valid file exists, a protocol test is performed on the existing file after restarting; other ports without a valid file enter an idle state.

[0020] Optionally, the protocol self-learning operation is used to identify the inverter protocol corresponding to each file, as follows:

[0021] If the newly created file does not contain specification information, specification self-learning will be performed to obtain the learning results and complete the recognition process;

[0022] For files that have successfully learned the specifications, the specifications information is confirmed or deleted through a specification test. For files that fail the test, the specifications self-learning is repeated.

[0023] Repeat the above process until the specification identification of all files is completed;

[0024] After the specification self-learning step is completed, it enters an idle state, waiting for the next adaptive moment to arrive before executing a new round of specification self-learning from the file management.

[0025] Optionally, the protocol self-learning process is used to learn four parameters: communication baud rate, parity bit, station, and protocol type, as follows:

[0026] After the process begins, starting from the first site range (which is the priority site), each protocol is tried in turn, and combinations are made using the set baud rate, parity bit, and priority site. Then, the identification method is used to complete the group test frame, and after downlink transmission, the response is obtained.

[0027] If a response is received during the test, the current baud rate, checksum, and site information are recorded. If the response content meets the requirements of the identification method, other identification methods set in this specification are tested. If all meet the requirements, the protocol type is determined.

[0028] If any item fails to meet the requirements, the learned baud rate, parity, and site information will be used to replace the protocol and continue testing until all recognition methods of the protocol meet the requirements.

[0029] If the protocol still cannot be determined after traversing all protocols using the baud rate, parity, and site information already learned, then the test ends.

[0030] If all priority sites have been tested and there is no response, switch to ordinary sites and continue testing to try to get a response, until all possibilities have been tested.

[0031] The final learning outcome could be one of the following:

[0032] 1. No information was learned;

[0033] 2. I have already learned about baud rate, checksum, and site;

[0034] 3. I have already learned about baud rate, checksum, site, and protocol type.

[0035] Optionally, the site can be any one of 1 to 255, where 1, 2, 3, and 247 are priority sites, and the remaining sites after excluding priority sites from 1 to 255 are ordinary sites. Each protocol in the protocol library has the authority to set its own priority site.

[0036] Optionally, each specification is as follows:

[0037] ①Regulations and markings;

[0038] ② Baud rate enumeration;

[0039] ③ Check digit enumeration;

[0040] ④ Priority site enumeration;

[0041] ⑤ Enumeration of recognition methods;

[0042] ⑥ Enumeration of read methods;

[0043] ⑦ Write the method enumeration;

[0044] ⑧ Enumeration of state recognition methods.

[0045] Optionally, the protocol conversion process is used to complete the communication conversion between 698 commands and Modbus commands, as follows:

[0046] (1) After entering the function, check whether all ports have been initialized. If they have been initialized, proceed to the next step. If not, wait until all ports have been initialized before proceeding to the next step.

[0047] (2) Obtain the port number based on the TSA logical address of command 698, and check if the port is being proxied. If it is being proxied, wait until the proxy ends.

[0048] (3) Obtain the protocol library pointer corresponding to this port, convert the OAD to the corresponding method in the library, execute the methods in sequence, convert the data format and save it in the specified location until all methods are completed;

[0049] (4) The function returns the execution result, which is used as a reference for the 698 frame group.

[0050] This invention provides a multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface adaptation, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] This multi-source access system, based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaptation, establishes an information acquisition model for complex environments. It builds a communication feature library for inverters from multiple dimensions, including telemetry, telesignaling, and telecontrol. This enables protocol learning for distributed photovoltaic inverters of different brands and models, allowing for automatic documentation and protocol conversion for mainstream inverters currently on the market. Furthermore, based on a maintenance-free and plug-and-play design philosophy, it researches self-management algorithms to monitor changes in connected inverters in real time, self-diagnosing issues such as inverter connection failures, communication faults, normal shutdowns, or brand replacements. Based on the self-diagnosis results, it updates the archives promptly, removing invalid files. Simultaneously, based on the principles of intervention-free and self-parsing, it researches data self-parsing and self-conversion algorithms for different protocols. Through the characteristics of data values ​​in each protocol, it establishes abstract mathematical models, including key information such as numerical meaning, type, and unit. Through translation algorithms, it uniformly encapsulates data of different protocols and types, achieving self-translation.

[0052] By studying adaptive communication interfaces, compatibility with different buses can be achieved without prior knowledge of bus types or setting communication types, thus improving the level of automation. By studying the differences and characteristics of the three communication interfaces, a circuit can be designed that can automatically identify the three communication interfaces, automatically connect the corresponding decoding circuit for a specific interface, and have a certain encoding anti-interference capability to prevent mutual interference between decoding circuits. The bus protection mechanism is studied, and communication isolation technology is used to isolate the interface bus from the system, ensuring the safe operation of the system. At the same time, it can cope with various fault conditions, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuit, so that the interface circuit has fault protection and self-recovery functions.

[0053] This invention achieves automatic compatibility of three communication interfaces (RS485, RS232, and TTL level), eliminating the need for the control side to be concerned with the communication interface type. The communication interface type is identified by judging the characteristic voltage of the receiving end of the RS232 bus, the receiving end of the TTL level, and the B end of the RS485 bus. Since the RS232 bus uses negative logic to transmit data, the RS232 bus is prioritized, ensuring the safety and reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is the main flowchart of the self-maintenance of archives in this invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the self-learning specification in this invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the protocol conversion process in this invention;

[0057] Figure 4 Here is a flowchart of the bus judgment logic in this invention;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the signal isolation circuit in the invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram for determining the RS232 bus in this invention;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram for judging TTL level-RS485 bus in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0062] This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaptation, including a multi-protocol automatic learning and autonomous documentation and protocol conversion system and a multi-communication interface self-adaptation system;

[0063] The multi-protocol automatic learning, autonomous archiving, and protocol conversion system includes a self-maintenance process for archives, a self-learning process for protocols, and a protocol conversion process.

[0064] The self-maintenance process for port archives is used to manage port archives and identify inverter protocols. The specific process is as follows:

[0065] S1, Task begins;

[0066] S2. Initialize and read file parameters;

[0067] S3. Enter the file management process. When the device is powered on for the first time, if the file is empty, a framework file is created and the protocol is adapted for each port. If a valid file exists, the existing file is tested and confirmed after restarting. Other ports without valid files enter the idle state.

[0068] S4. Specification self-learning operation: If the newly created file does not have specification information, specification self-learning will be performed to obtain the learning results and complete the recognition process.

[0069] For files that have successfully learned the specifications, the specifications information is confirmed or deleted through a specification test. For files that fail the test, the specifications self-learning is repeated.

[0070] Repeat the above process until the specification identification of all files is completed;

[0071] After the specification self-learning step is completed, it enters an idle state, waiting for the next adaptive moment to arrive before executing a new round of specification self-learning from the file management. Figure 1 As shown;

[0072] The protocol self-learning process is used to learn four parameters: communication baud rate, parity bit, station, and protocol type, as detailed below:

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, after the process begins, starting from the first station range (which is the priority station), each protocol is tried in turn (① protocol identifier; ② baud rate enumeration; ③ parity bit enumeration; ④ priority station enumeration; ⑤ identification method enumeration; ⑥ read method enumeration; ⑦ write method enumeration; ⑧ status identification method enumeration). The baud rate, parity bit, and priority station are combined using the set parameters. Then, the identification method is used to complete the group test frame. After downlink transmission, the response is obtained.

[0074] If a response is received during the test, the current baud rate, checksum, and site information are recorded. If the response content meets the requirements of the identification method, other identification methods set in this specification are tested. If all meet the requirements, the protocol type is determined.

[0075] If any item fails to meet the requirements, the learned baud rate, parity, and site information will be used to replace the protocol and continue testing until all recognition methods of the protocol meet the requirements.

[0076] If the protocol still cannot be determined after traversing all protocols using the baud rate, parity, and site information already learned, then the test ends.

[0077] If all priority sites have been tested and there is no response, switch to ordinary sites and continue testing to try to get a response, until all possibilities have been tested.

[0078] The final learning outcome could be one of the following:

[0079] 1. No information was learned;

[0080] 2. I have already learned about baud rate, checksum, and site;

[0081] 3. I have already learned about baud rate, checksum, site, and protocol type;

[0082] The site can be any one of 1 to 255, of which 1, 2, 3, and 247 are priority sites. The remaining sites after excluding priority sites from 1 to 255 are ordinary sites. Each protocol in the protocol library has the right to set its own priority site.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, the protocol conversion process is used to complete the communication conversion between 698 commands and Modbus commands, as detailed below:

[0084] (1) After entering the function, check whether all ports have been initialized. If they have been initialized, proceed to the next step. If not, wait until all ports have been initialized before proceeding to the next step.

[0085] (2) Obtain the port number based on the TSA logical address of command 698, and check if the port is being proxied. If it is being proxied, wait until the proxy ends.

[0086] (3) Obtain the protocol library pointer corresponding to this port, convert the OAD to the corresponding method in the library, execute the methods in sequence, convert the data format and save it in the specified location until all methods are completed;

[0087] (4) The function returns the execution result, which is used as a reference for 698 frames;

[0088] The multi-communication interface adaptive system consists of three parts: an RS-232 bus judgment circuit, a TTL level-RS-485 bus judgment circuit, and a signal isolation circuit.

[0089] The RS-232 bus detection circuit determines whether it is an RS-232 bus; if so, it enables the RS-232 communication circuit and disables RS-485 and TTL related circuits; otherwise, it disables the RS-232 communication circuit. Figure 6 As shown;

[0090] The TTL level-RS-485 bus detection circuit determines whether the signal is TTL level. If it is, the TTL level communication circuit is enabled, and the RS-485 related circuit is disabled. Otherwise, the TTL level communication related circuit is disabled, and the RS-485 communication circuit is enabled. Figure 4 As shown;

[0091] The signal isolation circuit isolates the transmitting and receiving operations of the communication interface circuit and transmits the current communication interface type to the system side. The system side does not need to be concerned with the external communication interface type, making the system operation safer and more reliable. Figure 5 As shown;

[0092] The three communication interface connection methods are as follows: the RS-232 transmitter, the TTL transmitter, and the RS-485 A terminal are shorted together; the RS-232 receiver, the TTL receiver, and the RS-485 B terminal are shorted together; and the reference ground (RS-232 bus and TTL level) is shorted together. Figure 7 As shown.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface self-adaptation, characterized in that, This includes a multi-protocol automatic learning and autonomous documentation and protocol conversion system, and a multi-communication interface adaptive system; The multi-protocol automatic learning, autonomous archiving, and protocol conversion system includes a self-maintenance process for archives, a self-learning process for protocols, and a protocol conversion process. The multi-communication interface adaptive system consists of three parts: an RS-232 bus judgment circuit, a TTL level-RS-485 bus judgment circuit, and a signal isolation circuit. The RS-232 bus detection circuit determines whether it is an RS-232 bus; If so, enable the RS-232 communication circuit and disable the RS-485 and TTL related circuits; otherwise, disable the RS-232 communication circuit. The TTL level-RS-485 bus detection circuit determines whether it is a TTL level. If so, enable the TTL level communication circuit and disable the RS-485 related circuit; otherwise, disable the TTL level communication related circuit and enable the RS-485 communication circuit. The signal isolation circuit isolates the transmission and reception of the communication interface circuit and transmits the current communication interface type to the system side. The system side does not need to care about the external communication interface type, making the system side work more securely and reliably. The three communication interface connection methods are as follows: the RS-232 transmitter, the TTL level transmitter, and the RS-485 A terminal are shorted together; the RS-232 receiver, the TTL level receiver, and the RS-485 B terminal are shorted together. The protocol self-learning process is used to learn four parameters: communication baud rate, parity bit, station, and protocol type, as detailed below: After the process begins, starting from the first site range (which is the priority site), each protocol is tried in turn, and combinations are made using the set baud rate, parity bit, and priority site. Then, the identification method is used to complete the group test frame, and after downlink transmission, the response is obtained. If a response is received during the test, the current baud rate, checksum, and site information are recorded. If the response content meets the requirements of the identification method, other identification methods set in this specification are tested. If all meet the requirements, the protocol type is determined. If any item fails to meet the requirements, the learned baud rate, parity, and site information will be used to replace the protocol and continue testing until all recognition methods of the protocol meet the requirements. If the protocol still cannot be determined after traversing all protocols using the baud rate, parity, and site information already learned, then the test ends. If all priority sites have been tested and there is no response, switch to ordinary sites and continue testing to try to get a response, until all possibilities have been tested. The final learning outcome could be one of the following:

1. No information was learned; 2. I have already learned about baud rate, checksum, and site; 3. I have already learned about baud rate, checksum, site, and protocol type; The site can be any one of 1 to 255, of which 1, 2, 3, and 247 are priority sites. The remaining sites after excluding priority sites from 1 to 255 are ordinary sites. Each protocol in the protocol library has the authority to set its own priority site. Each specification is as follows: ①Regulations and markings; ② Baud rate enumeration; ③ Check digit enumeration; ④ Priority site enumeration; ⑤ Enumeration of recognition methods; ⑥ Enumeration of read methods; ⑦ Write the method enumeration; ⑧ Enumeration of state recognition methods.

2. The multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-maintenance process for the archives is used to manage port archives and identify inverter protocols. The specific process is as follows: S1, Task begins; S2. Initialize and read file parameters; S3. Enter the file management process; S4, self-learning operation of the specification.

3. The multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface adaptation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The file management process is used to manage port files, as detailed below: When the device is powered on for the first time, if the file is empty, a framework file is created and protocol adaptation is performed for each port; if a valid file exists, a protocol test is performed on the existing file after restarting; other ports without a valid file enter an idle state.

4. The multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface adaptation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protocol self-learning operation is used to identify the inverter protocol corresponding to each file, as follows: If the newly created file does not contain specification information, specification self-learning will be performed to obtain the learning results and complete the recognition process; For files that have successfully learned the specifications, the specifications information is confirmed or deleted through a specification test. For files that fail the test, the specifications self-learning is repeated. Repeat the above process until the specification identification of all files is completed; After the specification self-learning step is completed, it enters an idle state, waiting for the next adaptive moment to arrive before executing a new round of specification self-learning from the file management.

5. The multi-source access system based on protocol self-learning and communication interface adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protocol conversion process is used to complete the communication conversion between 698 commands and Modbus commands, as detailed below: (1) After entering the function, determine whether all ports have been initialized. If they have been initialized, proceed to the next step. If not, wait until all ports have been initialized before proceeding to the next step. (2) Obtain the port number based on the TSA logical address of command 698, and check if the port is being proxied. If it is being proxied, wait until the proxy ends. (3) Obtain the protocol library pointer corresponding to this port, convert the OAD to the corresponding method in the library, execute the methods in sequence, convert the data format and save it in the specified location until all methods are completed; (4) The function returns the execution result, which is used as a reference for the 698 frame group.

Images