Common-aperture high-gain directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on odd-even mode principle

Abstract

The invention provides a common-aperture high-gain directional diagram reconfigurable antenna based on an odd-even mode principle, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The reconfiguration antenna is printed on a PCB substrate, metal is printed on the lower surface of the reconfiguration antenna to serve as a metal floor, a metal patch is arranged on the upper surface of the reconfiguration antenna, a cutting groove is cut in the metal patch, a small patch serving as a feeding point is loaded on the cutting groove, a vertical feeding port and a horizontal feeding port which are connected with a coaxial probe are arranged on the reconfiguration antenna, and the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port are connected with the coaxial probe. The feeding position of the vertical feeding port deviates from the geometric center, feeding is conducted on the small patch on the x axis, and the feeding position of the horizontal feeding port is located on the cutting groove in the upper surface and located in the geometric center. According to the invention, a pair of high-order resonant odd mode and even mode is compactly integrated on one radiator, so that the common-caliber high-gain antenna is realized, and the problems of single design and incompact structure in the traditional odd-even mode diversity antenna are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and in particular relates to a co-aperture high-gain directional pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern communication technologies such as 5G / 6G technology, interawareness integration, air-ground integration, and intelligent connection of all things, wireless communication systems are evolving towards high speed, large capacity, low latency, and high reliability. As the core component of the wireless communication system, the performance of the antenna directly determines the communication quality and channel capacity, and has become a key link in supporting the development of communication technology. However, traditional antennas usually rely on specific electromagnetic characteristics, and their design is often targeted at a fixed operating frequency, polarization mode, or beam direction. This limitation makes traditional antennas very limited in actual application scenarios (multipath effects in urban communication systems, Doppler frequency shift phenomena in high-speed mobile systems, electromagnetic interference in multi-user dense areas, etc.), resulting in a significant decrease in signal quality and poor communication stability. In addition, traditional antennas cannot be adaptively adjusted according to different communication environments, and the channel capacity is low, which cannot meet the transmission needs of the growing communication throughput.

[0003] Reconfigurable antennas are built on traditional antenna technology. By loading tunable devices such as switches and varactors on the antenna, the current distribution on the surface of the antenna radiator is changed, so as to achieve intelligent control of electromagnetic characteristics in a certain dimension (such as the frequency, polarization, or radiation direction of the antenna). Compared with traditional antennas, it can largely realize the switching of different working modes in different application scenarios, realize the integration of multi-antenna functions at a lower cost and in a smaller space, and avoid the mutual interference problem in the multi-antenna system. At the same time, it also contributes to the intelligence of communication scenarios, allowing wireless communication systems to automatically adjust their working status according to environmental changes and user needs, and improve the communication experience.

[0004] The electrically controlled reconfigurable antenna mainly changes the current and field distribution of the radiation aperture by integrating key components such as PIN diodes, MEMS switches, varactor diodes, graphene and liquid metal, thereby achieving precise control of the far-field pattern. There are various methods to implement the reconfigurable antenna: (1) designing a complex electrically controlled feeding network that can accurately control the excitation of each radiating unit; (2) compactly integrating multiple radiating units on the same aperture plane and matching them with specific radiation structures to produce different patterns; (3) using mode analysis methods, such as characteristic mode analysis, to explore the inherent electromagnetic modes of the antenna and achieve pattern reconstruction through combination; (4) multi-port technology, with the help of multiple feeding ports independently controlled, to increase the flexibility of the pattern; (5) using unique electromagnetic materials such as graphene and liquid metal; (6) using phased arrays with continuous beam scanning capabilities, which is also a common method to achieve pattern reconstruction.

[0005] However, most of the current reconfigurable antennas still have many shortcomings: the antenna structure is complex, which increases the design and manufacturing costs; the large size and high profile limit its application in small devices; the narrow working bandwidth makes it difficult to meet the needs of multi-band communications; the large number of switches but the small number of reconfigurable patterns increases circuit complexity and power consumption while reducing reconstruction efficiency.

[0006] The antenna designed based on the principle of odd-even mode combines the electromagnetic characteristics of even mode and odd mode. When the even mode works, an omnidirectional / dual-beam radiation pattern is constructed; the odd mode focuses on a specific direction in the far field to form a directional side-firing pattern. When the two work together, the energy interferes in space, thereby generating a directional radiation beam: the energy superposition and enhancement on one side enhances the radiation effect of the pattern; the other side cancels each other out, effectively suppressing the energy output in that direction. The strongest direction of this directional radiation is located in the angle area between the two radiation beams of the even mode and the odd mode, that is, the quasi-end-fire direction. In practical applications, the reconfigurable antenna based on the even-odd mode pattern often adopts a dual-port feeding mode, which is similar to the feeding method of common-mode and differential-mode antennas. This dual-port design gives the antenna extremely high port isolation, which is also one of the outstanding advantages of this type of antenna.

[0007] Currently, antennas based on the odd-even mode principle can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to realize the excitation of odd mode and even mode on one antenna unit by switching the feeding network / port. The disadvantage is that it can only realize the switching of two radiation patterns, and the feeding structure is usually a complex coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure; the other is to use two antenna units, and both generally work in the fundamental mode, acting as odd mode and even mode respectively, and realize four radiation pattern states by the phase difference between the two ports. The disadvantage is that the antenna requires two radiating components, which makes the structure more complicated. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a co-aperture high-gain radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle. The present invention compactly integrates a pair of high-order resonant odd-mode and even-mode into a radiator, realizing a co-aperture high-gain antenna, and solving the problems of the traditional odd-even mode diversity antenna in terms of design uniformity and non-compact structure.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a co-aperture high-gain directional pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle, the reconfigurable antenna is printed on a PCB substrate, the lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna is printed with metal as a metal floor, the upper surface of the reconfigurable antenna is a metal patch, and at the middle edge of the metal patch xA slot is cut on the axis, and a small patch is loaded on the slot as a feeding point. A vertical feeding port and a horizontal feeding port are set on the reconstructed antenna. A coaxial probe is connected to the vertical feeding port. The feeding position of the vertical feeding port deviates from the geometric center. The feeding position of the vertical feeding port is at x On the small patch on the axis, the feeding position of the horizontal feeding port is on the slot on the upper surface, located at the geometric center, wherein the vertical feeding port loaded with the slot is a patch antenna, and the feeding method is offset feeding; a slot is cut on the metal patch to achieve horizontal feeding to obtain a dipole antenna, and the dipole antenna is offset fed through the small patch on the metal patch, and the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

[0010] Furthermore, when the reconstructed antenna is considered as a patch antenna, a vertical feed port is used, and the metal patch is in an even mode, along y A symmetrically distributed bidirectional current appears in the axial direction, and the slotting has no effect on the radiation of the reconstructed antenna.

[0011] Furthermore, when the reconstructed antenna is considered as a dipole antenna, the metal patch is considered as a dipole, and the horizontal feeding port is used. The polarization direction of the reconstructed antenna is along y axis, the dipole current flows along y Axis distribution, the current is divided into three sections, the position of the dipole is close to the metal floor, and the radiation state becomes a directional pattern under the reflection. Among them, the current in the middle section has no effect due to the setting of the slot, and the current on both sides has the same magnitude and direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a common radiation aperture.

[0013] Furthermore, the patch antenna works in even mode, and the inductive capacitor is introduced near the slot by using the bias feed of the vertical feeding port to complete the impedance matching; the dipole antenna is a third-order mode, and the dipole antenna is bias fed by a small patch on the metal patch.

[0014] Furthermore, a distance is set between the PCB substrate and the metal floor.

[0015] Furthermore, when only the vertical feed port is used, a dual-beam pattern is produced; When only the horizontal feed port is used, a directional side-firing single beam pattern is produced; When the vertical feed port and the horizontal feed port are used at the same time, and there is a 0° phase difference between the vertical feed port and the horizontal feed port, a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on one side; When the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port are used at the same time, and there is a 180° phase difference between the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port, a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on the other side.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention compactly integrates a pair of odd-mode and even-mode antennas into one radiator, realizes a common aperture antenna, and solves the problems of single design and non-compact structure of traditional odd- and even-mode diversity antennas. The present invention introduces two ports, a vertical feeding port and a horizontal feeding port, to achieve reconfigurable directional patterns of a total of four radiation modes (one side-fire, one dual-beam and two quasi-end-fire); The present invention designs a bias-fed patch antenna, realizes impedance matching of an even-mode patch antenna, and solves the problem of a high antenna profile. The present invention designs a dipole antenna close to the metal floor, solving the problem of the overall high profile of the antenna; The present invention designs an offset-fed dipole antenna to achieve impedance matching of the odd-mode dipole antenna; The present invention introduces slots into the dipole antenna, solving the problem of inconsistent operating frequencies between the dipole odd mode (third-order mode) and the patch even mode (second-order mode); The present invention introduces slots into the dipole antenna to solve the multi-beam problem of the dipole odd mode (third-order mode), and places the dipole close to the metal floor to achieve a high-gain directional single beam; The present invention introduces the secondary mode of the patch antenna as an even mode to achieve high gain; introduces the third-order mode of the dipole antenna to achieve high gain; The reconfigurable antenna of the present invention is composed of PCB, which has low cost and simple structure. It only needs to print metal sheets and weld feed lines, and is easy to assemble and mass produce. The reconfigurable antenna adopts coaxial feeding to achieve good impedance matching in four reconfigurable states. The novel co-aperture reconfigurable antenna structure based on the odd-even mode principle proposed in the present invention realizes impedance matching by using offset feeding and realizes dipole third-order mode single-beam radiation by adding slots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a 3D view of the reconfigurable antenna.

[0018] Figure 2 is the surface current distribution of the reconfigurable antenna working in the second-order mode of the patch.

[0019] Figure 3 It is the surface current distribution of the reconfigurable antenna working in the third-order dipole mode.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a reconfigurable antenna S 11 , S 12 and S 22 Schematic diagram.

[0021] Figure 5When only the vertical feed port is used, φ = Dual beam pattern in 90° plane.

[0022] Figure 6 When only the horizontal feed port is used, φ = Single beam side-firing pattern in the 90° plane.

[0023] Figure 7 When the phase difference between the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port is 0°, φ = Left quasi-end-fire single-beam pattern in the 90° plane.

[0024] Figure 8 When the phase difference between the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port is 0°, φ = Right side quasi-end-fire single beam pattern in the 90° plane.

[0025] Among them, 1-PCB substrate, 2-metal floor, 3-metal patch, 4-groove, 5-small patch, 6-coaxial probe, 7-vertical feeding port, 8-horizontal feeding port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0027] Example The present invention uses the principle of odd and even modes to design a planar high-gain pattern diversity antenna with a simple structure. The present invention solves the problem that the traditional odd and even mode reconfigurable antenna pattern multi-state and the simplification of the radiation unit cannot be taken into account at the same time, and can realize the switching of four patterns on only one radiation component. The present invention realizes the high gain function with the help of high-order modes, which is 3~5dBi higher than the gain of the previous odd and even mode antenna. A patch antenna with a vertical feeding port 7 loaded with a slot 4 in the middle is proposed, and the feeding method is offset feeding. The offset feeding method is used to achieve impedance matching and low profile functions, and at the same time, the patch antenna can work in the even mode (second-order mode) to generate dual beams. It is proposed to add a slot 4 in the middle of the metal patch 3 part on the upper surface of the antenna, thereby realizing horizontal feeding, and a dipole antenna can be obtained. Since this dipole antenna works in the odd mode (third-order mode), adding a slot 4 changes the current distribution and is close to the metal floor 2, and finally generates a directional single beam. Therefore, the present invention uses a co-aperture printed antenna to simultaneously realize the excitation of the patch antenna (even mode) and the dipole antenna (odd mode). By changing the excitation and phase difference of the two ports (vertical feed port 7 and horizontal feed port 8), four radiation modes are realized, namely: one side-fire, one dual-beam and two quasi-end-fire patterns. Due to its compact size, simple design, low cost and flexible beam control capability, the proposed antenna has become an effective solution for intelligent 5G communication application scenarios.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a co-aperture high-gain directional pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle, the reconfigurable antenna is printed on a PCB substrate 1, the lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna is printed with metal as a metal floor 2, the upper surface of the reconfigurable antenna is a metal patch 3, and at the middle edge of the metal patch 3 x A slot 4 is cut on the axis, a small patch 5 is loaded on the slot 4 as a feeding point, a vertical feeding port 7 and a horizontal feeding port 8 are arranged on the reconstructed antenna, a coaxial probe 6 is connected to the vertical feeding port 7, the feeding position of the vertical feeding port 7 deviates from the geometric center, and the feeding position of the vertical feeding port 7 is x On the small patch 5 on the axis, the feeding position of the horizontal feeding port 8 is on the slot 4 on the upper surface, located at the geometric center, wherein the vertical feeding port 7 loaded with the slot 4 is a patch antenna, and the feeding mode is offset feeding; the slot 4 is cut on the metal patch 3 to realize horizontal feeding and obtain a dipole antenna, and the dipole antenna is offset fed through the small patch 5 on the metal patch 3, and the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

[0029] In this embodiment, when the reconstructed antenna is regarded as a patch antenna, the vertical feeding port 7 is used, and the metal patch 3 is in the even mode. y A symmetrically distributed bidirectional current appears in the axial direction, and the slot 4 has no effect on the radiation of the reconstructed antenna.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the reconstructed antenna is regarded as a dipole antenna, the metal patch 3 is regarded as a dipole, and the horizontal feeding port 8 is used. The polarization direction of the reconstructed antenna is along y axis, the dipole current flows along y Axis distribution, the current is divided into three sections, the position of the dipole is close to the metal floor 2, and the radiation state becomes a directional pattern under the reflection effect. Among them, the current in the middle section has no effect due to the setting of the slot 4, and the current on both sides has the same magnitude and direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, the patch antenna works in an even mode, and an inductive capacitor is introduced near the slot 4 by using the bias feed of the vertical feeding port 7 to achieve impedance matching; the dipole antenna is a third-order mode.

[0032] In this embodiment, a distance is set between the PCB substrate 1 and the metal floor 2 .

[0033] In this embodiment, when only the vertical feed port 7 is used, a dual beam pattern is generated; When only the horizontal feed port 8 is used, a directional side-firing single beam pattern is produced; When the vertical feed port 7 and the horizontal feed port 8 are used simultaneously, and the phase difference between the vertical feed port 7 and the horizontal feed port 8 is 0°, a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern on one side is generated; When the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 are used simultaneously, and there is a 180° phase difference between the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8, a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on the other side.

[0034] Based on the principle of even-odd modes, the present invention uses printed circuit board technology to achieve planarization and low cost, integrates a pair of low-profile patch secondary modes (even modes) and dipole antenna third-order modes (odd modes) on a radiating element, and proposes a new type of high-gain directional pattern reconfigurable 5G-N78 frequency band planar antenna, and provides an embodiment. The present invention provides an embodiment, namely a directional pattern reconfigurable antenna operating in the 5G-N78 frequency band (3.80 GHz-4.20GHz).

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The three-dimensional geometric structure of the proposed directional pattern reconfigurable antenna is drawn. The reconfigurable antenna includes two metal layers printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate respectively. The lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna is fully printed with metal as the metal floor 2, and the upper surface is a relatively large metal patch 3, and the middle along the x A slot 4 is cut in the axial direction, and a small patch 5 is loaded on the slot 4 as a feeding point. The reconstructed antenna has two feeding ports: one is a 50Ω coaxial probe 6 in the vertical direction, and its feeding position deviates from the geometric center. xThe other is a port in the horizontal direction, and the feeding position is on the slot 4 on the upper surface, located at the geometric center.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the reconfigurable antenna works in the patch form, a coaxial probe 6 in a vertical direction is used. Figure 2 As shown, when the patch works in even mode, along y A symmetrically distributed bidirectional current appears in the axial direction. x The current near the axis is almost zero. Therefore, a line is cut along the symmetry axis of the metal patch 3. x The slot 4 of the axis will not have any effect on the radiation of the patch antenna (the purpose of this operation is to help the dipole feed and adjust the working frequency of the dipole). y Even mode in the direction, the feed point needs to be set at x The axis is on the ground, but a slot has been dug out, so an additional small patch 5 is used as a feeding point.

[0037] When the antenna works in dipole mode, the metal patch 3 on the upper surface is regarded as a dipole, and a horizontal feeding method is used. The polarization direction of the antenna is along y Axis. Figure 3 As shown, the dipole current flows along y The current is divided into three sections, and the middle section is basically offset, and the left and right sections are of the same size and direction. Different from the omnidirectional radiation produced by the traditional dipole antenna, this is because the placement of this dipole is close to a metal floor 2. Under the effect of reflection, the radiation state becomes a directional pattern. This can explain the x There are three reasons for the axial slot: First, if you want the dipole antenna to work in the odd mode, you must feed it in the middle position. The positive and negative poles of the dipole are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate in the form of patches, so you must cut a slot in the middle to add port excitation. Second, the dipole antenna works in the third-order mode and the patch antenna works in the second-order mode. The two use the same radiation aperture, which will inevitably lead to the operating frequency of the dipole antenna being higher than the operating frequency of the patch antenna. Slot 4 can reduce the resonant frequency of the dipole antenna and adjust the two to the same operating frequency band. Third, slot 4 allows the current in the middle of the dipole to cancel itself out, avoiding the three-beam radiation pattern under the third-order mode, and still produces a single-beam radiation pattern similar to the fundamental mode. To achieve a low profile, the height of the dielectric plate should be reduced as much as possible, but the dipole antenna will not radiate well when it is very close to the metal floor, so a suitable distance should be maintained.

[0038] Now let's discuss the issue of bias feed. The patch antenna works in even mode, which is a secondary mode, which will cause the patch to be relatively large. The larger metal patch 3 will produce a larger capacitance characteristic with the metal floor 2, which is not conducive to impedance matching. The use of bias feed can introduce a certain inductive current near the slot to help complete impedance matching. The same is true for dipole antennas. In order to cope with the influence of inter-board capacitance, bias feed is selected. It needs to be explained that Figure 1 The dipole feeding point is displayed at the geometric center of the antenna, but due to the small patch introduced by the patch antenna, the dipole is also equivalent to offset feeding.

[0039] Figure 4 The S parameters of the antenna are plotted, including S 11 , S 12 and S 22 . You can see S 11 There is a double resonance point phenomenon, in which the low frequency is the patch antenna at x Directionally polarized fundamental mode resonance, high frequency is the patch antenna in y The present invention only uses the frequency band of 3.80-4.20 GHz for the secondary mode resonance of directional polarization, so there is no need to consider the low-frequency resonance point. S12 is always lower than -40 dB, thanks to the fact that one of the two ports is vertically polarized and the other is horizontally polarized, which has a natural high isolation.

[0040] Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 Four states of the reconfigurable radiation pattern of the antenna are plotted. When only the vertical feed port 7 of the patch antenna is used, a dual-beam radiation pattern is generated with a gain of 6.4 dBi, as shown in Figure 5 ; When only the horizontal feed port 8 of the dipole antenna is used, a directional side-firing single-beam pattern will be produced with a gain of 9.0 dBi, such as Figure 6 When the vertical feed port 7 and the horizontal feed port 8 are used at the same time, and a 0° phase difference is given between the vertical feed port 7 and the horizontal feed port 8, a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern will be generated on the left, and the gain reaches 9.1dBi. Figure 7 When the vertical feed port 7 and the horizontal feed port 8 are used at the same time, and a 180° phase difference is given between the vertical feed port 7 and the horizontal feed port 8, a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern on the right side will be generated, and the gain reaches 9.1dBi, such as Figure 8 . Figure 5-Figure 8The polar coordinate system is used. The numbers on the outer circle represent the angle in degrees (°). The values ​​on the radial axis represent the gain in dBi. In the spherical coordinate system, three coordinates are usually used to represent a point in space: radius, r , polar angle θ and azimuth φ The present invention is in the φ =90° plane” φ When fixed at 90°, the polar angle θ Radiation from 0° to 360°. Therefore, the unit along the radius in the figure is gain (dBi) and the unit along the rotation angle is degree (°).

[0041] The antenna has the advantages of planarization, high gain, and multi-beam switching, and is suitable for use in intelligent 5G-NR systems.

Claims

1. A co-aperture high-gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle, characterized in that: The reconstructed antenna is printed on a PCB substrate (1), a metal is printed on the lower surface of the reconstructed antenna to serve as a metal floor (2), and a metal patch (3) is printed on the upper surface of the reconstructed antenna. x A slot (4) is cut on the axis, a small patch (5) as a feeding point is loaded on the slot (4), a vertical feeding port (7) and a horizontal feeding port (8) are arranged on the reconstructed antenna, the vertical feeding port (7) is connected to a coaxial probe (6), the feeding position of the vertical feeding port (7) deviates from the geometric center, and the feeding position of the vertical feeding port (7) is at x On the small patch (5) on the axis, the feeding position of the horizontal feeding port (8) is on the slot (4) on the upper surface, located at the geometric center, wherein the vertical feeding port (7) loaded with the slot (4) is a patch antenna, and the feeding method is offset feeding; the slot (4) is cut on the metal patch (3) to achieve horizontal feeding to obtain a dipole antenna, and the dipole antenna is offset fed through the small patch (5) on the metal patch (3), and the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

2. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the reconstructed antenna is considered as a patch antenna, the metal patch (3) is in the even mode, along the vertical feeding port (7). y A symmetrically distributed bidirectional current appears in the axial direction, and the slot (4) has no effect on the radiation of the reconstructed antenna.

3. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the reconstructed antenna is considered as a dipole antenna, the metal patch (3) is considered as a dipole, and the horizontal feeding port (8) is used. The polarization direction of the reconstructed antenna is along y axis, the dipole current flows along y Axis distribution, the current is divided into three sections, the position of the dipole is close to the metal floor (2), and the radiation state becomes a directional pattern under the reflection effect. Among them, the current in the middle section has no effect due to the setting of the slot (4), and the current on both sides has the same magnitude and direction.

4. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The patch antenna operates in an even mode, and an inductive capacitor is introduced near the slot (4) by using the bias feed of the vertical feeding port (7) to achieve impedance matching; The dipole antenna is a third-order mode, and the dipole antenna is bias-fed through a small patch (5) on the metal patch (3).

5. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distance is provided between the PCB substrate (1) and the metal floor (2).

6. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When only the vertical feed port (7) is used, a dual beam pattern is produced; When only the horizontal feed port (8) is used, a directional side-firing single beam pattern is produced; When the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8) are used simultaneously, and a phase difference of 0° is provided between the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8), a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on one side; When the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8) are used simultaneously, and a phase difference of 180° is provided between the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8), a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on the other side.

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