A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method and device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method and device. At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on the transmission rules of data packets. During the transmission of data packets, the communication end that should send the next data packet monitors it, and immediately starts to send the next data packet after the end of the transmission of this data packet. The first communication end receives all the data packets and reorganizes and restores the data packets sent by each communication end according to the transmission rules. Through the dynamic timing coordination mechanism and the zero-wait sending method for sensing the transmission states among communication ends, the present invention effectively improves the utilization rate of channel resources, and has a more obvious effect on reducing the transmission delay in a certain direction, and is especially suitable for applications in occasions with high requirements for transmission efficiency and real-time performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method and device. Background Art

[0002] There are generally two implementation schemes for traditional wireless keyboards and mice: (1) Each of the keyboard and mouse is paired with a dongle. One dongle is used in conjunction with the keyboard, and the other dongle is used in conjunction with the mouse. Theoretically, the transmission latency is low, but two dongles are required, and there is interference between them when used simultaneously, which easily causes wireless data packet loss. (2) The keyboard and mouse share a dongle. The dongle communicates with the keyboard to send and receive data during a certain time period, and communicates with the mouse to send and receive data during another time period. Identity identifiers must be added to the transmitted data packets to distinguish with whom the communication is being carried out. However, this method results in a relatively large communication latency for each device. Because when the dongle communicates with one of the devices, if the other device has data to transmit, it must wait until the communication between the dongle and the device being communicated with ends, and then the dongle initiates a communication request to the other device before data transmission can occur. And this method will have a greater latency in wireless communication application scenarios with increased one-way transmission rate. For example, the solution of the prior art CN117768952B can achieve an 8k return rate in a one-to-one wireless communication scenario, but can only reach 500Hz in a one-to-many wireless communication scenario, resulting in a poor experience for high-speed wireless keyboards and mice.

[0003] Therefore, in one-to-many wireless communication application scenarios such as the traditional solution (2) where the keyboard and mouse share a dongle, there is a need for one-way high-speed and low-latency communication. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: To solve the problem of large latency existing in the traditional one-to-many wireless communication method in the prior art, the present invention provides a one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method and device.

[0005] Technical Solution: A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method includes the following steps:

[0006] At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on the transmission rules of data packets, and the transmission rules include the sending order of at least the second communication end and the third communication end within the transmission period;

[0007] In one transmission period, it includes a first communication end sending part and a first communication end receiving part,

[0008] In the first communication end sending part, the first communication end sends a first data packet, and the second communication end and the third communication end receive the first data packet. The first data packet contains the response to the data packet received by the first communication end.

[0009] In the first communication end receiving part, the second communication end and the third communication end sequentially send data packets according to the transmission rule. When the data packet si is transmitted, where i represents the serial number of the data packet and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0, the communication end that should send the next data packet according to the transmission rule monitors the data packet si, and immediately starts to send the data packet s(i + 1) after the data packet si is sent. The first communication end receives all the data packets and reorganizes and restores the data packets sent by each communication end according to the transmission rule until the second communication end and the third communication end send all the data packets that need to be sent within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule.

[0010] Further, within one transmission cycle, the second communication end and the third communication end take turns sending data packets multiple times.

[0011] Further, in the first communication end receiving part, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, and the communication end has no data packet to send, an empty packet is sent. The communication end that should send the next data packet according to the transmission rule detects the empty packet, and immediately sends the next data packet that should be sent after the empty packet is sent.

[0012] Further, in the first communication end receiving part, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, and the communication end has no data packet to send, then no packet is sent; at this time, the communication end that should send the next data packet according to the transmission rule cannot detect a data packet, so it starts timing and waiting until the transmission duration of a data packet ends, and the communication end that should send the next data packet starts to send the next data packet.

[0013] Further, within one transmission cycle, the first communication end sends before the first communication end receives. The first data packet contains the response to the data packet received by the first communication end in the previous transmission cycle.

[0014] Further, the response includes the response to the data packet sent by the second communication end and the response to the data packet sent by the third communication end.

[0015] Further, the monitoring method includes: obtaining the duration parameter of the transmission of the data packet si, dynamically calculating the remaining transmission time Δt through the physical layer packet length detection algorithm, estimating the end time of the transmission of the data packet si, and at the same time preparing for the transmission of the data packet s(i + 1).

[0016] Further, the duration of the transmission cycle is not fixed. After the second communication end and the third communication end complete the transmission of all data packets within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rules, the reception part of the first communication end in this transmission cycle ends, and the transmission part of the first communication end in this transmission cycle or the next transmission cycle starts.

[0017] A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device adopting the above one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method includes at least a first communication end, a second communication end, and a third communication end.

[0018] Further, the first communication end is a wireless dongle, and the second communication end and the third communication end are wireless input devices.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, a one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method and device provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] Through the dynamic timing coordination mechanism and the zero-waiting transmission method for perceiving the transmission status between communication ends, the utilization rate of channel resources is effectively improved, and the effect of reducing the transmission delay in a certain direction is more obvious, so as to improve the one-way transmission rate of multiple communication ends. Taking wireless keyboards and mice as an example, a double 8K return rate can be achieved;

[0021] During the process of transmitting data packets, it is not necessary to include the identity identifiers of each device, and more valid data can be transmitted, saving transmission resources;

[0022] Breaking the traditional mindset of fixed communication cycles, the transmission is more flexible, further reducing communication delays, and is especially suitable for applications where high requirements are placed on transmission efficiency and real-time performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It shows the transmission situation of a transmission cycle in the one-to-many delay wireless communication method of this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 It shows the transmission situation when a certain communication end cannot detect data packets in a transmission cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] The following further explains the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method, as Figure 1 shown, includes the following steps:

[0027] At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on the transmission rules of the data packets, and the transmission rules include at least the sending order of the second communication end and the third communication end within the transmission cycle;

[0028] In a transmission cycle, it includes the sending part of the first communication end and the receiving part of the first communication end ( Figure 1 , 2 abbreviated as the forward and reverse parts in

[0029] ). The order of these two parts within the same transmission cycle is not limited, that is, the first communication end can send first or receive first. In this embodiment, the first communication end sends before the first communication end receives, and the first data packet contains the response to the data packet received by the first communication end in the previous transmission cycle. By setting like this, a timestamp can be included in the first data packet sent by the first communication end, and the first communication end can perform synchronization calibration according to the timestamp, thereby reducing the requirement of the device for clock accuracy, and can be applied to frequency hopping and low-power applications to improve the anti-interference ability of wireless transmission and save power consumption. Also, a pre-agreed sending order can be included in the first data packet to facilitate the second communication end and the third communication end to perform transmission according to the order after receiving the first data packet. In the sending part of the first communication end, the first communication end sends out the first data packet, and the second communication end and the third communication end receive the first data packet. The first data packet contains the responses to the data packets received by the first communication end, and the responses include the responses to the data packets sent by the second communication end and the responses to the data packets sent by the third communication end, which is convenient for the second communication end and the third communication end to confirm the receiving situation of the first communication end, so as to choose whether to continue sending or re-send (in case of packet loss).

[0030] In the receiving part of the first communication end, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in sequence according to the transmission rule. For example, Figure 1 s0, s1, s2... s15 in

[0031] respectively represent data packets with serial numbers 0, 1, 2... 15. When the data packet si is transmitted, i represents the serial number of the data packet, and i is an integer greater than or equal to 0. The communication end that should send the next data packet in the transmission rule monitors the data packet si, and immediately starts to send the data packet s(i + 1) after the data packet si is sent. The first communication end receives all the data packets and reorganizes and restores the data packets sent by each communication end according to the transmission rule. All data packets should contain packet serial numbers, and the packet serial numbers of the data packets sent by different communication ends are relatively independent. The data sent by each communication end can be restored respectively according to the received packet serial numbers. Until the second communication end and the third communication end send out all the data packets that need to be sent within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule.Among them, the monitoring can be directly detecting the end signal of the data packet and immediately sending the next data packet when the end signal is detected. It can also be estimating the end time by detecting the start signal of the data packet, making preparations for sending the next data packet in advance, and immediately sending the next data packet when the sending of the previous data packet ends. This can prepare the next data packet in advance and, on the other hand, end the monitoring action in advance to save power consumption. The specific monitoring method of the latter includes: obtaining the duration parameter of the transmission of the data packet si, dynamically calculating the remaining transmission time Δt through the physical layer packet length detection algorithm, estimating the end time of the transmission of the data packet si, and at the same time making preparations for transmitting the data packet s(i + 1).

[0032] Within one transmission cycle, the number of transmissions and the order of the second communication end and the third communication end can be arbitrary, and the duration of each data packet can also be set arbitrarily, as long as the three parties agree. For example, in order to improve the unidirectional transmission rate and reduce latency, in the receiving part of the first communication end within one transmission cycle, the second communication end and the third communication end each send at least two data packets and take turns sending. For example, the sending order is: the second communication end sends a data packet, the third communication end sends a data packet, the second communication end sends a data packet, and the third communication end sends a data packet. Of course, according to needs, the sending ratio of each communication end except the first communication end can also be reasonably arranged. For example, if there are three communication ends for data transmission with the first communication end, the receiving part of the first communication end within one transmission cycle includes: the second communication end sends a data packet, the third communication end sends a data packet, the second communication end sends a data packet, the fourth communication end sends a data packet, and so on in a cycle.

[0033] Although the transmission rule stipulates the sending order of other communication ends except the first communication end, it does not mean that a certain communication end must have data to send at a certain moment, that is, when it is required to send, there is no data to send at the communication end. In this case, the communication end can send an empty packet or not send a packet. If an empty packet is sent, the communication end that should send the next data packet in the transmission rule detects the empty packet. When the sending of the empty packet ends, it immediately sends the next data packet that should be sent. If no packet is sent, at this time, the communication end that should send the next data packet in the transmission rule cannot detect a data packet, so it starts timing and waiting until the transmission duration of a data packet ends, and the communication end that should send the next data packet starts to send the next data packet, as Figure 2 shown, indicating that the data packet s2 is not sent, and the next data packet starts to be sent after the reserved tn time arrives. In short, when the communication end that should send the next data packet monitors the previous data packet, if it detects a data packet (including an empty packet), it waits for the end of the data packet transmission and immediately sends the next data packet. If it does not detect a data packet, it reserves the time for the data packet and starts to send the next data packet when the time ends.

[0034] Since the transmission of the data packet is completed, the next data packet will start to be transmitted immediately. However, the data packet may not be full, which may lead to an inconsistent duration of the transmission cycle. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 T0 and T1 in may not be equal. After the second communication end and the third communication end complete the transmission of all data packets within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rules, the reception part of the first communication end in this transmission cycle ends, and the transmission part of the first communication end in this transmission cycle or the next transmission cycle starts.

[0035] A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device adopting the above one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method includes at least a first communication end, a second communication end, and a third communication end. The first communication end is a wireless dongle, and the second communication end and the third communication end are wireless input devices. For example, the second communication end is a wireless mouse, and the third communication end is a wireless keyboard.

[0036] Taking the application of a wireless keyboard and mouse as an example, the common 2.4G data frame is as follows:

[0037] (1) The dongle sends an acknowledgment frame

[0038] Frame header Synchronization word Protocol header CRC check 16 bit 24 bit - 40 bit 8 bit - 16 bit 8 bit - 24 bit

[0039] The total number of bits of the data frame: 16 + 24 + 8 + 8 = 56 or 16 + 40 + 16 + 24 = 96

[0040] Taking the data rate of 2M as an example, that is, 0.5 us / bit, the time for the dongle to send the data frame is between 28 us and 48 us.

[0041] Taking the data rate of 4M as an example, that is, 0.25 us / bit, the time for the dongle to send the data frame is between 14 us and 24 us.

[0042] Figure 1 t in D represents the transmission time of the forward data frame, which includes the RF startup duration of about 40 us and the duration of the above data frame, that is, t D = RF startup time 40 us + data frame time. t S is the transceiver switching time of about 20 us.

[0043] (2) The mouse end sends a valid data frame

[0044] Frame header Synchronization word Protocol header Valid data CRC check 16 bit 24 bit - 40 bit 8 bit - 16 bit 6 * 8 bit 8 bit - 24 bit

[0045] The total number of bits of the data frame: 16 + 24 + 8 + 48 + 8 = 104 or 16 + 40 + 16 + 48 + 24 = 144

[0046] Taking the data rate of 2M as an example, that is, 0.5 us / bit, the time for the mouse to send a data frame is between 52 us and 72 us.

[0047] Taking the data rate of 4M as an example, that is, 0.25 us / bit, the time for the mouse to send a data frame is between 26 us and 36 us.

[0048] Figure 1 Among them, t0, t2...t 14 is the time for the mouse to send a data frame.

[0049] (3)The keyboard side sends a valid data frame

[0050] Frame header Synchronization word Protocol header Valid data CRC check 16 bit 24 bit - 40 bit 8 bit - 16 bit 8 * 8 bit - 16 * 8 bit 8 bit - 24 bit

[0051] The total number of bits in the data frame: 16 + 24 + 8 + 64 + 8 = 120 or 16 + 40 + 16 + 128 + 24 = 208

[0052] Taking the data rate of 2M as an example, that is, 0.5 us / bit, the time for the keyboard to send a data frame is between 60 us and 104 us.

[0053] Taking the data rate of 4M as an example, that is, 0.25 us / bit, the time for the keyboard to send a data frame is between 30 us and 52 us.

[0054] Figure 1 Among them, t1, t3...t 15 is the time for the keyboard to send a data frame.

[0055] In one cycle, the keyboard and the mouse each send 8 data frames until the reception is completed. The time of one cycle T = t D + t S +(t0 + t1 +...t 15 ).

[0056] The keyboard and the mouse adopt an alternating sending method. The delay time of each packet of the keyboard is the time for the mouse to send data, the delay time of each packet of the mouse is the time for the keyboard to send data, and the delay time of the first packet of the mouse is the time for the dongle to send a data packet.

[0057] Taking the 4M rate as an example, according to the longest data frame, T = 40 us + 24 us + 20 us + 36 us * 8 + 52 us * 8 = 788 us.

[0058] In the actual use process, the data can also be compressed, and the remaining time allows the controller to have enough time for processing. Each of the two devices can transmit 8 data frames within 1 ms, achieving a double 8k refresh rate.

Claims

1. A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: At least the first communication end, the second communication end, and the third communication end agree on a transmission rule for a data packet, wherein the transmission rule includes a transmission order of at least the second communication end and the third communication end within a transmission period; In a transmission cycle, including the first communication end sending part and the first communication end receiving part, In the sending part of the first communication end, the first communication end sends a first data packet, and the second communication end and the third communication end receive the first data packet, wherein the first data packet includes a response to the data packet received by the first communication end; In the receiving part of the first communication end, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in sequence according to the transmission rule. When the data packet si is transmitted, i represents the sequence number of the data packet, and i is an integer ≥ 0. The communication end that should send the data packet next in the transmission rule monitors the data packet si, and immediately starts to send the data packet s(i+1) after the data packet si is sent. The first communication end receives all the data packets and reassembles and restores the data packets sent by each communication end according to the transmission rule until the second communication end and the third communication end send the data packets that need to be sent within the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule. The duration of the transmission cycle is not fixed. After the second communication end and the third communication end have completed the transmission of all data packets in the transmission cycle according to the transmission rule, the receiving part of the first communication end in this transmission cycle ends.

2. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In one transmission cycle, the second communication end and the third communication end send data packets in turn for multiple times.

3. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the receiving part of the first communication end, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, and the communication end has no data packet to send, it sends an empty packet. The next communication end that should send a data packet according to the transmission rule detects the empty packet, and when the empty packet is sent, it immediately sends the next data packet that should be sent.

4. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the receiving part of the first communication end, when the transmission rule stipulates that a certain communication end should send a data packet at a certain moment, but the communication end has no data packet to send, it will not send a packet; at this time, the next communication end that should send a data packet in the transmission rule cannot detect a data packet, and starts timing and waiting until the transmission time of a data packet ends, and the next communication end that should send a data packet starts sending the next data packet.

5. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In a transmission cycle, the first communication end sends a response to a data packet received by the first communication end in a previous transmission cycle, which is included in the first data packet before the first communication end receives it.

6. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The response includes a response to a data packet sent by the second communication end and a response to a data packet sent by the third communication end.

7. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The monitoring method includes: obtaining the duration parameter of the data packet si transmission, dynamically calculating the remaining transmission time Δt through the physical layer packet length detection algorithm, estimating the end time of the data packet si transmission, and preparing for the transmission of the data packet s(i+1).

8. The one-to-many low-delay wireless communication method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first communication end receiving part of this transmission cycle ends, and the first communication end sending part of this transmission cycle or the next transmission cycle begins.

9. A one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device using the one-to-many low-latency wireless communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes at least a first communication terminal, a second communication terminal, and a third communication terminal.

10. The one-to-many low-latency wireless communication device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first communication terminal is a wireless dongle, and the second communication terminal and the third communication terminal are wireless input devices.

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