An air filter cleaning device for subway trains

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of air-conditioning filter cleaning, and specifically refers to a cleaning device for the air-conditioning filter of a subway train, which includes a cleaning rack, an annular box, a porous spraying mechanism, a resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism, and a multi-tube dust-collecting mechanism. The annular box is disposed through the inner wall at one end of the cleaning rack. The porous spraying mechanism is disposed at one end of the cleaning rack close to the annular box. The resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism is disposed on the upper wall at the end of the cleaning rack far from the annular box. The multi-tube dust-collecting mechanism is disposed on one side of the cleaning rack close to the resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism. The porous spraying mechanism includes a clamping mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a fog supply mechanism. The present invention provides a cleaning device for the air-conditioning filter of a subway train, which can adjust the cleaning intensity of the cleaning structure on the filter according to the clogging degree of the air-conditioning filter and can accelerate the cleaning speed of the air-conditioning filter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioner filter cleaning, and specifically refers to a cleaning device for the air conditioner filter of subway trains. Background Art

[0002] The cleaning of the air conditioner filter of subway trains is an important task in the maintenance of subway vehicles, which is of great significance for ensuring the air quality in subway carriages and improving the riding experience of passengers.

[0003] Currently, the existing air conditioner filter cleaning devices have the following problems:

[0004] The existing air conditioner filter cleaning devices cannot clean the air conditioner filter according to its degree of blockage. When the air conditioner filter is severely blocked, it is difficult to remove the dust adsorbed on the surface of the air conditioner filter with conventional spraying power, and it also increases the cleaning time of the air conditioner filter, greatly reducing the cleaning efficiency of the air conditioner filter. Therefore, it cannot meet the existing cleaning requirements for air conditioner filters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, this solution provides a cleaning device for the air conditioner filter of subway trains that can adjust the cleaning intensity of the cleaning structure for the filter according to the degree of blockage of the air conditioner filter and can accelerate the cleaning speed of the air conditioner filter.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this solution is as follows: A cleaning device for the air conditioner filter of subway trains proposed in this solution includes a cleaning frame, an annular box, a porous spraying mechanism, a resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism, and a multi-tube dust-collecting mechanism. The annular box is disposed through the inner wall of one end of the cleaning frame. The porous spraying mechanism is disposed at one end of the cleaning frame close to the annular box. The resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism is disposed on the upper wall of the end of the cleaning frame far from the annular box. The multi-tube dust-collecting mechanism is disposed on one side of the cleaning frame close to the resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism. The porous spraying mechanism includes a clamping mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a fog supply mechanism. The clamping mechanism is disposed on the inner wall of the cleaning frame. The cleaning mechanism is disposed on the inner wall of the cleaning frame on the side of the clamping mechanism close to the annular box. The fog supply mechanism is disposed on the side of the cleaning mechanism far from the clamping mechanism. The resistance-adjusting dust-removing mechanism includes a flow-changing mechanism, a distance-keeping mechanism, and a resistance mechanism. The flow-changing mechanism is disposed on the upper wall of the end of the cleaning frame close to the clamping mechanism. The distance-keeping mechanism is disposed on the clamping mechanism and the cleaning mechanism. The resistance mechanism is disposed between the clamping mechanism and the inner wall of the cleaning frame.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes a guide rail, a clamping frame and a clamping bolt, the guide rail is symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the cleaning frame at one end away from the annular box, the clamping frame is slidably arranged between the guide rails, and multiple groups of the clamping bolts are penetrated through the inner wall of the clamping frame, and the clamping bolts are threadedly connected to the clamping frame; the cleaning mechanism includes a spray box and a linear nozzle, the spray box is slidably arranged between the inner wall of the cleaning frame on the side of the clamping frame away from the annular box, and multiple groups of the linear nozzles are connected and arranged on the side of the spray box close to the clamping frame; the mist supply mechanism includes an atomizing motor and a telescopic tube, the atomizing motor is arranged on the side of the annular box away from the cleaning frame, the mist exhaust end of the atomizing motor is penetrated through the inside of the annular box, and the telescopic tube penetrates the cleaning frame and is connected between the spray box and the annular box.

[0008] When in use, the pumping end of the atomizing motor is connected to the external water source. The atomizing motor atomizes the external water source into water mist and then transports it to the inside of the annular box. The water mist inside the annular box enters the spray box through the telescopic tube. The spray box sprays the water mist in a straight line through the linear nozzle. Put the air-conditioning filter into the clamping frame, rotate the clamping bolt, and the clamping bolt rotates along the inner wall of the clamping frame to fit the air-conditioning filter. The air-conditioning filter is fixed inside the clamping frame. At this time, the water mist sprayed by the linear nozzle rushes towards the air-conditioning filter to clean the air-conditioning filter.

[0009] Preferably, the flow-changing mechanism comprises an insulating block, a resistor rod, a mist extraction connector, an energy supply connector, an insulating frame, a conductive block and a linkage groove, wherein the linkage groove is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the cleaning frame, the linkage groove is through-arranged, the insulating blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the cleaning frame on both sides of the linkage groove, the resistor rod is arranged between the insulating blocks, the mist extraction connector and the energy supply connector are respectively arranged on both sides of the resistor rod, the insulating frame passes through the linkage groove and is arranged on the upper wall of the clamping frame, the conductive block is arranged on the upper wall of the insulating frame, and the end of the conductive block away from the insulating frame is slidably arranged on the outside of the resistor rod; the distance-keeping mechanism comprises a receiving block, a distance-measuring ... A sensor, a driving cylinder and a cylinder frame, wherein the cylinder frame is arranged on a side of the annular box away from the cleaning frame, the driving cylinder penetrates the annular box and is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder frame, the power end of the driving cylinder is connected to a side of the spray box away from the linear nozzle, the receiving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls at both ends of the clamping frame, the distance measuring sensors are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls at both ends of the spray box, and the receiving blocks and the distance measuring sensors are coaxially arranged horizontally; the resistance mechanism includes a mesh plate and a reset spring, the mesh plate is arranged on a side of the clamping frame away from the annular box, the reset spring is arranged between the mesh plate and the inner wall of the cleaning frame, and the reset spring is extended.

[0010] During use, due to the presence of dust on the surface of the air conditioner filter, the gas passing rate of the air conditioner filter decreases, resulting in a large resistance when the water mist rushes towards the air conditioner filter. The water mist uses the deformation of the return spring to push the air conditioner filter, and the air conditioner filter drives the clamping frame to slide along the guiding slide rail away from the linear nozzle. The distance measuring sensor measures the distance between its ranging end and the receiving block. When the distance between the distance measuring sensor and the receiving block becomes longer, the power end of the driving cylinder extends to push the spraying and washing box to slide along the inner wall of the cleaning frame towards the clamping frame, thereby ensuring the distance between the linear nozzle and the air conditioner filter and ensuring the impact force of the water mist sprayed by the linear nozzle.

[0011] Specifically, the multi-tube type dust collection mechanism includes a dust collection box, a dust collection net, a dust collection pump and a dust suction pipe. The dust collection box is arranged on one side of the cleaning frame away from the annular box. The dust collection net is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection box. The dust collection pump is arranged on the side of the dust collection box away from the cleaning frame. The air suction end of the dust collection pump penetrates through the dust collection box. A plurality of groups of the dust suction pipes are communicated and arranged on the side wall of the dust collection box.

[0012] During use, the dust-containing gas passing through the air conditioner filter enters the interior of the dust collection box under the suction of the dust collection pump. The dust-containing gas enters the interior of the dust collection box through the dust suction pipe and is discharged after being filtered by the dust collection net.

[0013] Among them, a controller is arranged on the side wall of one end of the cleaning frame close to the annular box.

[0014] Preferably, the controller is electrically connected to the atomizing motor, the distance measuring sensor, the driving cylinder and the dust collection pump respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the model of the controller is HAD-SC200.

[0016] Still further, the model of the distance measuring sensor is C1-JCS1501.

[0017] The beneficial effects obtained by adopting the above structure in this solution are as follows:

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this solution uses the method of impacting the air conditioner filter with water mist. Through the porous spraying mechanism, resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism, and multi-tube dust collection mechanism set, with the coordinated use of the clamping mechanism, cleaning mechanism, fog supply mechanism, flow diversion mechanism, distance maintaining mechanism, and driving cylinder, it can measure the dust content and adsorption strength adsorbed on the air conditioner filter. Furthermore, according to the dust adsorption amount and adsorption force on the surface of the air conditioner filter, the spraying strength of the water mist can be adjusted to accelerate the cleaning speed of the air conditioner filter. The water mist uses the deformation of the return spring to push the air conditioner filter, and the air conditioner filter drives the clamping frame to slide away from the linear nozzle along the guiding slide rail. The distance measuring sensor measures the distance between its ranging end and the receiving block. When the distance between the distance measuring sensor and the receiving block becomes longer, the power end of the driving cylinder extends to push the spraying box to slide along the inner wall of the cleaning frame towards the direction of the clamping frame, thereby ensuring the distance between the linear nozzle and the air conditioner filter and ensuring the impact strength of the water mist sprayed by the linear nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of this solution;

[0020] Figure 2 is the front perspective view of this solution;

[0021] Figure 3 is the bottom perspective view of this solution;

[0022] Figure 4 is the front view of this solution;

[0023] Figure 5 is the rear view of this solution;

[0024] Figure 6 is the left view of this solution;

[0025] Figure 7 is the right view of this solution;

[0026] Figure 8 is the top view of this solution;

[0027] Figure 9 is Figure 8 the sectional view of part A-A of

[0028] Figure 10 is Figure 1 the enlarged structural view of part I of

[0029] Figure 11 is Figure 2 the enlarged structural view of part II of

[0030] Figure 12 is Figure 3 the enlarged structural view of part III of

[0031] Among them, 1. cleaning rack, 2. annular box, 3. porous spray cleaning mechanism, 4. clamping mechanism, 5. guiding slide rail, 6. clamping rack, 7. clamping bolt, 8. cleaning mechanism, 9. spray cleaning box, 10. linear nozzle, 11. fog supply mechanism, 12. atomization motor, 13. telescopic pipe, 14. adjustable resistance dust removal mechanism, 15. flow diversion mechanism, 16. insulating block, 17. resistance rod, 18. fog extraction connector, 19. energy supply connector, 20. insulating rack, 21. conductive block, 22. distance maintaining mechanism, 23. receiving block, 24. distance measuring sensor, 25. driving cylinder, 26. resistance mechanism, 27. mesh plate, 28. return spring, 29. multi-tube dust collection mechanism, 30. dust collection box, 31. dust collection net, 32. dust collection pump, 33. dust suction pipe, 34. controller, 35. cylinder rack, 36. linkage groove.

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the solution, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the solution, they are used to explain the solution and do not constitute a limitation to the solution. Specific embodiments

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the solution with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the solution. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the solution, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments in the solution, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the solution.

[0034] In the description of the solution, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the solution and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the solution.

[0035] Such as Figures 1 - 12As shown in the figure, the technical solution adopted in this solution is as follows: A cleaning device for the air filter of a subway train proposed in this solution includes a cleaning rack 1, an annular box 2, a porous spraying mechanism 3, a resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism 14, and a multi-tube dust collection mechanism 29. The annular box 2 is disposed through the inner wall of one end of the cleaning rack 1. The porous spraying mechanism 3 is disposed at one end of the cleaning rack 1 close to the annular box 2. The resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism 14 is disposed on the upper wall of one end of the cleaning rack 1 far from the annular box 2. The multi-tube dust collection mechanism 29 is disposed on one side of the cleaning rack 1 close to the resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism 14. The porous spraying mechanism 3 includes a clamping mechanism 4, a cleaning mechanism 8, and a fog supply mechanism 11. The clamping mechanism 4 is disposed on the inner wall of the cleaning rack 1. The cleaning mechanism 8 is disposed on the inner wall of the cleaning rack 1 on the side of the clamping mechanism 4 close to the annular box 2. The fog supply mechanism 11 is disposed on the side of the cleaning mechanism 8 far from the clamping mechanism 4. The resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism 14 includes a flow-changing mechanism 15, a distance-keeping mechanism 22, and a resistance mechanism 26. The flow-changing mechanism 15 is disposed on the upper wall of one end of the cleaning rack 1 close to the clamping mechanism 4. The distance-keeping mechanism 22 is disposed on the clamping mechanism 4 and the cleaning mechanism 8. The resistance mechanism 26 is disposed between the clamping mechanism 4 and the inner wall of the cleaning rack 1.

[0036] The clamping mechanism 4 includes a guiding slide rail 5, a clamping rack 6, and a clamping bolt 7. The guiding slide rails 5 are symmetrically disposed on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of one end of the cleaning rack 1 far from the annular box 2. The clamping rack 6 is slidably disposed between the guiding slide rails 5. A plurality of groups of clamping bolts 7 penetrate through the inner wall of the clamping rack 6, and the clamping bolts 7 are threadedly connected to the clamping rack 6. The cleaning mechanism 8 includes a spraying box 9 and a linear spray head 10. The spraying box 9 is slidably disposed between the inner walls of the cleaning rack 1 on the side of the clamping rack 6 far from the annular box 2. A plurality of groups of linear spray heads 10 are communicatively disposed on the side of the spraying box 9 close to the clamping rack 6. The fog supply mechanism 11 includes an atomizing motor 12 and a telescopic pipe 13. The atomizing motor 12 is disposed on the side of the annular box 2 far from the cleaning rack 1. The mist discharging end of the atomizing motor 12 penetrates through the interior of the annular box 2. The telescopic pipe 13 penetrates through the cleaning rack 1 and is communicatively disposed between the spraying box 9 and the annular box 2.

[0037] The flow-changing mechanism 15 includes an insulating block 16, a resistance rod 17, a mist extraction connector 18, an energy supply connector 19, an insulating frame 20, a conductive block 21 and a linkage groove 36. The linkage groove 36 is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the cleaning frame 1, and the linkage groove 36 is arranged in a through manner. The insulating blocks 16 are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the cleaning frame 1 on both sides of the linkage groove 36. The resistance rod 17 is arranged between the insulating blocks 16. The mist extraction connector 18 and the energy supply connector 19 are respectively arranged on both sides of the resistance rod 17. The insulating frame 20 passes through the linkage groove 36 and is arranged on the upper wall of the clamping frame 6. The conductive block 21 is arranged on the upper wall of the insulating frame 20, and one end of the conductive block 21 away from the insulating frame 20 is slidably arranged on the outer side of the resistance rod 17. The distance-preserving mechanism 22 includes a receiving block 23, a distance measuring sensor 24, a driving cylinder 25 and a cylinder frame 35. The cylinder frame 35 is arranged on one side of the annular box 2 away from the cleaning frame 1. The driving cylinder 25 passes through the annular box 2 and is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder frame 35. The power end of the driving cylinder 25 is connected to the side of the spray cleaning box 9 away from the linear nozzle 10. The receiving blocks 23 are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls of both ends of the clamping frame 6. The distance measuring sensors 24 are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls of both ends of the spray cleaning box 9. The receiving block 23 and the distance measuring sensor 24 are horizontally arranged coaxially. The resistance mechanism 26 includes a perforated plate 27 and a return spring 28. The perforated plate 27 is arranged on the side of the clamping frame 6 away from the annular box 2. The return spring 28 is arranged between the perforated plate 27 and the inner wall of the cleaning frame 1, and the return spring 28 is in an extended state.

[0038] The multi-tube dust collection mechanism 29 includes a dust collection box 30, a dust collection net 31, a dust collection pump 32 and a dust suction pipe 33. The dust collection box 30 is arranged on the side of the cleaning frame 1 away from the annular box 2. The dust collection net 31 is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection box 30. The dust collection pump 32 is arranged on the side of the dust collection box 30 away from the cleaning frame 1. The air extraction end of the dust collection pump 32 penetrates and is arranged inside the dust collection box 30. Multiple groups of the dust suction pipes 33 are communicated and arranged on the side wall of the dust collection box 30.

[0039] A controller 34 is arranged on the side wall of one end of the cleaning frame 1 close to the annular box 2.

[0040] The controller 34 is electrically connected to the atomization motor 12, the distance measuring sensor 24, the driving cylinder 25 and the dust collection pump 32 respectively.

[0041] The model of the controller 34 is HAD-SC200.

[0042] The model of the distance measuring sensor 24 is C1-JCS1501.

[0043] During specific use, the water extraction end of the atomization motor 12 is connected to an external water source. The return spring 28 is in an extended state, and the power end of the driving cylinder 25 is in a shortened state. The controller 34 controls the distance measuring sensor 24 to start, and the distance measuring sensor 24 pre-detects the distance between it and the receiving block 23 through the distance measuring end.

[0044] Rotate the clamping bolt 7. The clamping bolt 7 screws out from inside the clamping frame 6. Place the air conditioner filter screen inside the clamping frame 6. Rotate the clamping bolt 7. The clamping bolt 7 rotates along the inner wall of the clamping frame 6 and fits with the air conditioner filter screen. The air conditioner filter screen is fixed inside the clamping frame 6. The controller 34 controls the atomization motor 12 to start. The atomization motor 12 atomizes the external water source into water mist and then transports it into the annular box 2. The water mist inside the annular box 2 enters the spray washing box 9 through the telescopic pipe 13.

[0045] The spray washing box 9 sprays the water mist linearly through the linear spray head 10. At this time, the water mist sprayed by the linear spray head 10 rushes towards the air conditioner filter screen to clean the air conditioner filter screen.

[0046] Due to the presence of dust on the surface of the air conditioner filter screen, the gas passing rate of the air conditioner filter screen decreases. When there is more or more stubborn dust and impurities adsorbed on the surface of the air conditioner filter screen, it causes a greater resistance when the water mist rushes towards the air conditioner filter screen. The water mist uses the deformation of the return spring 28 to push the air conditioner filter screen. The air conditioner filter screen drives the clamping frame 6 to slide away from the linear spray head 10 along the guiding slide rail 5. The distance between the linear spray head 10 and the air conditioner filter screen becomes longer, resulting in a weakened washing force of the linear spray head 10 on the surface of the air conditioner filter screen, and the clamping frame 6 drives the receiving block 23 away from the distance measuring sensor 24.

[0047] Preset the detection distance of the distance measuring sensor 24. The controller 34 controls the distance measuring sensor 24 to start. The distance measuring sensor 24 measures the distance between it and the receiving block 23 through the distance measuring end. When the distance measuring sensor 24 detects that the distance between it and the receiving block 23 becomes longer, in order to ensure that the impact force of the linear spray head 10 spraying and washing the air conditioner filter screen will not weaken with the increase of the distance, therefore, it is necessary to maintain the distance between the linear spray head 10 and the air conditioner filter screen. At this time, the controller 34 controls the driving cylinder 25 to start. The power end of the driving cylinder 25 extends to push the spray washing box 9. The spray washing box 9 slides along the inner wall of the cleaning frame 1 towards the clamping frame 6 to reset the distance between the linear spray head 10 and the air conditioner filter screen, ensuring the cleaning force of the water mist sprayed by the linear spray head 10 on the air conditioner filter screen. After the distance measuring sensor 24 detects through the distance measuring end that the distance between it and the receiving block 23 reaches the preset distance, the controller 34 controls the power end of the driving cylinder 25 to stop moving.

[0048] During the process of the clamping frame 6 sliding away from the annular box 2 along the guiding slide rail 5, the insulating frame 20 is driven to move. In the initial state, the conductive block 21 is located outside one end of the resistance rod 17 close to the spray washing box 9. The mist extraction connector 18 is electrically connected to the atomizing motor 12 and one end of the resistance rod 17 away from the spray washing box 9 respectively. The energy supply connector 19 is electrically connected to the conductive block 21 and the controller 34 respectively. The controller 34 supplies power to the conductive block 21 through the energy supply connector 19. The conductive block 21 supplies power to the mist extraction connector 18 through the resistance rod 17. The mist extraction connector 18 supplies power to the atomizing motor 12. At this time, the resistance value in the circuit is in the conventional setting state;

[0049] When there is a lot of dust adsorbed inside the air conditioner filter, the mesh holes of the air conditioner filter will be blocked, increasing the resistance of the water mist. Under the resistance of the air conditioner filter, the clamping frame 6 drives the conductive block 21 to slide along the outside of the resistance rod 17 through the insulating frame 20. The resistance rod 17 for power supply between the mist extraction connector 18 and the energy supply connector 19 shortens. After the resistance rod 17 shortens, the current flowing into the atomizing motor 12 increases. The greater the current, the higher the rotation speed of the atomizing motor 12, and the greater the pressure generated by the atomizing motor 12, prompting the spraying force of the atomizing motor 12 to increase, so that the linear nozzle 10 generates water mist with strong pressure to clean the air conditioner filter. When the air conditioner filter is cleaned, the gas passing rate of the air conditioner filter increases, the resistance received by the water mist decreases, and the air conditioner filter resets under the deformation of the return spring 28, completing the cleaning of the air conditioner filter. Thus, the spraying force of the atomizing motor 12 can be adjusted according to the degree of blockage on the surface of the air conditioner filter, improving the cleaning efficiency of the air conditioner filter to a certain extent. At this time, the distance measuring sensor 24 detects that the distance between it and the receiving block 23 shortens, and the controller 34 controls the power end of the driving cylinder 25 to shorten and reset to the normal state;

[0050] The controller 34 controls the dust collecting pump 32 to start. The dust-containing gas passing through the air conditioner filter enters the inside of the dust collecting box 30 under the suction of the dust collecting pump 32. The dust-containing gas enters the inside of the dust collecting box 30 through the dust suction pipe 33. The dust-containing gas is discharged after being filtered by the dust collecting net 31. Just repeat the above operations for the next use.

[0051] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0052] The above describes the present solution and its implementation manners. Such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present solution, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In general, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and, without departing from the creative concept of the present solution, design similar structural manners and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present solution.

Claims

1. An air filter cleaning device for a subway train, comprising a cleaning rack and an annular box, characterized in that: It further includes a porous spray cleaning mechanism, a resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism, and a multi-tube dust collection mechanism. The annular box is disposed through the inner wall of one end of the cleaning rack. The porous spray cleaning mechanism is disposed at one end of the cleaning rack close to the annular box. The resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism is disposed on the upper wall of the end of the cleaning rack away from the annular box. The multi-tube dust collection mechanism is disposed on one side of the cleaning rack close to the resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism; The porous spray cleaning mechanism includes a clamping mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a fog supply mechanism; The clamping mechanism is disposed on the inner wall of the cleaning rack. The cleaning mechanism is disposed on the inner wall of the cleaning rack on the side of the clamping mechanism close to the annular box. The fog supply mechanism is disposed on the side of the cleaning mechanism away from the clamping mechanism; The resistance-adjusting dust removal mechanism includes a flow-changing mechanism, a distance-keeping mechanism, and a resistance mechanism. The flow-changing mechanism is disposed on the upper wall of one end of the cleaning rack close to the clamping mechanism; The distance-keeping mechanism is disposed on the clamping mechanism and the cleaning mechanism. The resistance mechanism is disposed between the clamping mechanism and the inner wall of the cleaning rack; The clamping mechanism includes a guiding slide rail and a clamping rack; The guiding slide rails are symmetrically disposed on the inner wall of the end of the cleaning rack away from the annular box up and down. The clamping rack is slidably disposed between the guiding slide rails; The flow-changing mechanism includes an insulating block, a resistance rod, a mist extraction connector, an energy supply connector, an insulating rack, a conductive block, and a linkage groove; The linkage groove is disposed on the upper inner wall of the cleaning rack and is a through setting. The insulating blocks are symmetrically disposed on the upper wall of the cleaning rack on both sides of the linkage groove. The resistance rod is disposed between the insulating blocks. The mist extraction connector and the energy supply connector are respectively disposed on both sides of the resistance rod. The insulating rack passes through the linkage groove and is disposed on the upper wall of the clamping rack. The conductive block is disposed on the upper wall of the insulating rack. One end of the conductive block away from the insulating rack is slidably disposed outside the resistance rod; The cleaning mechanism includes a spray cleaning box; The spray cleaning box is slidably disposed between the inner walls of the cleaning rack on the side of the clamping rack away from the annular box; The fog supply mechanism includes an atomizing motor, and the atomizing motor is disposed on the side of the annular box away from the cleaning rack; A controller is disposed on the side wall of one end of the cleaning rack close to the annular box; The mist extraction connector is electrically connected to the atomizing motor and one end of the resistance rod away from the spray cleaning box respectively. The energy supply connector is electrically connected to the conductive block and the controller respectively. The controller powers the conductive block through the energy supply connector. The conductive block powers the mist extraction connector through the resistance rod. The mist extraction connector powers the atomizing motor.

2. The cleaning device for the air filter of a subway train according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping mechanism further includes clamping bolts. Multiple groups of clamping bolts penetrate through the inner wall of the clamping rack, and the clamping bolts are threadedly connected to the clamping rack.

3. The cleaning device for the air filter of a subway train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism further includes linear spray nozzles. Multiple groups of linear spray nozzles are communicated and disposed on the side of the spray cleaning box close to the clamping rack.

4. The air filter cleaning device for subway trains according to claim 3, wherein: The fog supply mechanism further includes a telescopic pipe. The mist discharge end of the atomizing motor penetrates through the annular box. The telescopic pipe penetrates through the cleaning rack and is communicated and disposed between the spray cleaning box and the annular box.

5. The cleaning device for the air filter of a subway train according to claim 3, wherein: The distance-preserving mechanism includes a receiving block, a ranging sensor, a driving cylinder, and a cylinder frame. The cylinder frame is arranged on the side of the annular box away from the cleaning frame. The driving cylinder passes through the annular box and is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder frame. The power end of the driving cylinder is connected to the side of the spray cleaning box away from the linear nozzle. The receiving blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls at both ends of the clamping frame, and the ranging sensors are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls at both ends of the spray cleaning box. The receiving block and the ranging sensor are horizontally arranged coaxially.

6. The cleaning device for the air filter of a subway train according to claim 1, wherein: The resistance mechanism includes a perforated plate and a return spring. The perforated plate is arranged on the side of the clamping frame away from the annular box, and the return spring is arranged between the perforated plate and the inner wall of the cleaning frame. The return spring is in an extended state.

7. The cleaning device for the air filter of a subway train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-tube type dust collection mechanism includes a dust collection box, a dust collection net, a dust collection pump, and a suction pipe. The dust collection box is arranged on the side of the cleaning frame away from the annular box. The dust collection net is arranged on the inner wall of the dust collection box. The dust collection pump is arranged on the side of the dust collection box away from the cleaning frame. The air suction end of the dust collection pump penetrates and is arranged inside the dust collection box. Multiple groups of the suction pipes are communicatively arranged on the side wall of the dust collection box.

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