Totally-synthesized water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluid, and provides a total-synthesis water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof.The total-synthesis water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid is prepared from, by mass, 60-75% of basic fluid, 4-7% of interfacial agent, 1.5-3% of phosphate ester compound and 0.5-1.5% of organic lithium compound, the high-temperature-resistant magnesium alloy material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-1% of an anticorrosive agent, 0.2-0.5% of an anti-rust agent, 0.05-0.1% of an anti-foaming agent, 0.05-0.1% of a fluoride additive, 1-2% of lubricating grease, 7.5-9% of a pH regulator, 2-8% of magnesium alloy powder, 3-5% of a thermal conductivity additive, 2-4% of a nano additive, 1-3% of a metal ion chelating agent and the balance of an additive solution which is a high-temperature stability additive. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the existing cutting fluid is easy to decompose or lose efficacy due to high temperature generated by high-speed cutting is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluids, and in particular to a fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cutting fluid is an indispensable auxiliary material in the metal processing process. It is widely used in turning, milling, grinding and other processing technologies to improve processing efficiency, extend tool life, improve processing surface quality, and effectively control the temperature of the cutting area. The main functions of cutting fluid include lubrication, cooling, rust prevention, corrosion prevention, cleaning and chip removal. Cutting fluid forms a protective film in the cutting area to reduce the friction between the cutting tool and the workpiece, reduce the cutting temperature, and prevent the workpiece from deformation or quality damage caused by cutting heat. Existing cutting fluids still have some shortcomings.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with publication number CN101560433B discloses an environmentally friendly water-soluble cutting fluid that resists magnesium hard water and magnesium corrosion, which is composed of organic acid, organic amine, corrosion inhibitor, base oil, synthetic ester, surfactant, water, and other additives. The present invention adopts special surfactant to improve the product's resistance to magnesium hard water, special composite corrosion inhibitor to improve the product's corrosion resistance, and compound a variety of rust inhibitors, lubricants, bactericides and defoamers. The product has excellent resistance to magnesium hard water, excellent magnesium corrosion prevention performance and operational safety performance, and can greatly improve the product's use performance and processing performance. At the same time, the product is green and environmentally friendly, and is an environmentally friendly magnesium alloy cutting fluid with excellent performance. Although the above-mentioned cutting fluid can improve the use performance, it does not have high temperature stability and cannot ensure the long-term stability of the cutting fluid in a high temperature environment. In the process of high-speed cutting, the existing cutting fluid is easily decomposed or invalidated due to the high temperature generated by high-speed cutting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the existing cutting fluid does not have high-temperature stability and cannot ensure the long-term stability of the cutting fluid in a high-temperature environment. During high-speed cutting, the existing cutting fluid is easily decomposed or invalidated due to the high temperature generated by high-speed cutting.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in a mass percentage ratio: 60-75% base fluid, 4-7% surfactant, 1.5-3% phosphate compound, 0.5-1.5% organic lithium compound, 0.5-1% anticorrosive agent, 0.2-0.5% rust inhibitor, 0.05-0.1% antifoaming agent, 0.05-0.1% fluoride additive, 1-2% lubricating grease, 7.5-9% pH regulator, 2-8% magnesium alloy powder, 3-5% thermal conductivity additive, 2-4% nano additive, 1-3% metal ion chelating agent, and the remaining additive: high temperature stability additive;

[0007] The base liquid is any one or more mixtures of water-based liquid, synthetic base liquid, emulsified oil liquid or vegetable oil-based liquid;

[0008] The surfactant is an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or an amphoteric surfactant. The anionic surfactant includes fatty acid salts and sulfonates, the cationic surfactant includes tetraalkylammonium salts and amino compounds, the nonionic surfactant includes polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl ether, and the amphoteric surfactant includes betaine and amino acid derivatives.

[0009] The phosphate compound is any one of alkyl phosphate, aromatic phosphate, amide phosphate or a mixture of phosphates, or a mixture of two or more of the above;

[0010] The alkyl phosphate includes diisooctyl phosphate and tri(dibutyl) phosphate, the aromatic phosphate is triphenyl phosphate, the amide phosphate is diamide phosphate, and the phosphate mixture is a phosphate compound formed by the reaction of different types of alcohols or acids with phosphoric acid;

[0011] The organic lithium compound includes a lithium salt or an organic group, and the organic group includes an alkyl group and a phenyl group.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the corrosion inhibitor is any one or more of an organic acid salt, an inorganic salt or a silicate, the organic acid salt is any one of a molybdate, a borate or a citrate, the inorganic salt includes a zinc salt and a chromium salt, and the silicate is a sodium silicate.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the rust inhibitor is an amine compound or a phenol compound, the amine compound is any one of alcohol amine, fatty amine or aniline, the phenol compound is any one of condensed ring phenol, nitrophenol or fatty alcohol phenol, the anti-foaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane or polysiloxane, and the fluoride additive is ammonium fluoride, sodium fluoride or calcium fluoride.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grease is a base oil, a thickener or an additive, the base oil is a poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, the additive is an antioxidant and an extreme pressure additive, the antioxidant is sodium bisulfite, and the extreme pressure additive is any one of molybdenum disulfide, ammonium chloride or diallyl disulfide phosphate.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the pH regulator includes an acidic regulator and an alkaline regulator, the acidic regulator is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and ammonia water, and the alkaline regulator is sulfuric acid, amino acid and acetic acid.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the thermal conductivity additive includes a metal oxide additive, a carbon nanomaterial and an organic additive.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the metal oxide additive includes aluminum oxide, copper oxide and silicon oxide, the carbon nanomaterial includes carbon nanotubes and graphene, and the organic additive is dimethylsilane.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the nano additive is nano silicon carbide or nano titanium nitride, and the metal ion chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid or aminotriacetic acid.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature stability additive includes citric acid, oxalic acid and oxalic acid.

[0020] A method for preparing a fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: Prepare the base liquid, add the mixed base liquid into the mixing device, heat it to 50-55°C, and continue to stir the liquid during the heating process. Then, slowly add the surfactant and phosphate compound into the mixing device, and continue to stir for 25-30 minutes until they are completely dissolved and fully mixed with the base liquid;

[0022] S2: Add additives. After S1 is stirred, gradually add organic lithium compounds and corrosion inhibitors, and keep the temperature in the range of 45-50°C while stirring. Then add rust inhibitors and antifoaming agents, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to ensure that the additives are completely dispersed.

[0023] S3: Add the thermal conductivity additive and the nano additive to the mixed liquid obtained in S2, and stir them thoroughly to make them evenly distributed in the cutting fluid, then add the grease and continue stirring for 30 minutes;

[0024] S4: Add a pH adjuster to the mixed liquid obtained in step 3, and adjust the pH value of the liquid to within the range of 7.5-9. During the adjustment process, continue stirring and monitor the pH change to ensure the accuracy of the target pH value. After the adjustment is completed, cool the entire liquid to room temperature of 20-24°C, and then take samples for quality inspection to ensure that its performance meets the standard requirements.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The cutting fluid is added with high-temperature stability additives to ensure the long-term stability of the cutting fluid in a high-temperature environment. It can maintain good lubrication and cooling effects during high-temperature cutting and will not decompose or fail due to high temperature. Compared with conventional cutting fluids, these additives can effectively prevent the decomposition or precipitation of liquid components under long-term or high-temperature conditions, ensuring that it continues to play a role during high-temperature cutting and avoiding the degradation of cutting fluid performance due to increased temperature.

[0027] 2. The cutting fluid is a fully synthetic water-soluble formula, using a mixed base fluid to avoid harmful substances such as heavy metals and volatile organic compounds that may be contained in traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluids. Compared with conventional cutting fluids, this cutting fluid is more environmentally friendly and poses a lower health risk to operators. The use of nano-silicon carbide or nano-titanium nitride nano-additives can improve the stability and adhesion of the liquid and enhance its protective effect on the magnesium alloy surface during complex cutting processes.

[0028] 3. The cutting fluid contains a variety of lubricating and anti-wear additives, such as organic lithium compounds and grease, which can significantly improve the lubrication effect during the cutting process, reduce friction and wear, and extend the service life of the tool, especially during high-load, low-speed cutting. When cutting metals with low melting points and high thermal conductivity, the cutting fluid can prevent overheating, use carbon nanotubes and graphene to better achieve heat dissipation, and avoid local overheating during the cutting process to damage the workpiece.

[0029] 4. The cutting fluid contains phosphate compounds such as alkyl phosphates and aromatic phosphates, which help reduce corrosion during the cutting process and protect the machined surface and tools from corrosion. The anti-corrosion agents molybdate and borate and the rust inhibitor alcohol amine can effectively prevent rust on the cutting fluid itself and the machined surface, thus extending the service life of the equipment and workpieces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The present embodiment proposes a fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid, comprising the following raw materials in a mass percentage ratio: 60% water-based liquid and emulsified oil, 4% fatty acid salts and sulfonates, 1.5% aromatic phosphate and amide phosphate mixture, 0.5% lithium salt, 0.5% molybdate, 0.2% polycyclic phenol, 0.05% polydimethylsiloxane, 0.05% ammonium fluoride, 1% poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, 7.5% sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, 2% magnesium alloy powder, 4% aluminum oxide, 2% nano-silicon carbide, 1% aminotriacetic acid, and 15.7% citric acid.

[0033] S1: Prepare the base liquid, add the water-based liquid and the emulsified oil into a mixing device, heat to 50°C, and continue to stir the liquid during the heating process. Then, slowly add the fatty acid salt and sulfonate, and the aromatic phosphate and amide phosphate mixture into the mixing device, and continue to stir for 25 minutes until they are completely dissolved and fully mixed with the base liquid;

[0034] S2: Add additives. After S1 is stirred, gradually add lithium salt and molybdate, and keep the temperature within 45°C while stirring. Then add polycyclic phenol and polydimethylsiloxane, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to ensure that the additives are completely dispersed.

[0035] S3: Add alumina and nano-silicon carbide to the mixed solution obtained in S2, and stir them thoroughly to make them evenly distributed in the cutting fluid, then add grease and continue stirring for 30 minutes;

[0036] S4: Add sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid to the mixed solution obtained in step 3, and adjust the pH value of the liquid to within the range of 7.5. During the adjustment process, continue stirring and monitor the pH change to ensure the accuracy of the target pH value. After the adjustment is completed, cool the entire liquid to room temperature of 20°C, and then take samples for quality inspection to ensure that its performance meets the standard requirements.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] This embodiment proposes a fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid, which includes the following raw materials in a mass percentage ratio: 65% emulsified oil and vegetable oil base liquid, 5% polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl ether, 2% aromatic phosphate, 1% alkyl, 1% sodium silicate, 0.5% alcohol amine, 0.1% polydimethylsiloxane, 0.1% calcium fluoride, 2% poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, 9% potassium hydroxide and amino acid, 5% magnesium alloy powder, 2% carbon nanotubes and graphene, 3% nano titanium nitride, 3% diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, and 1.3% oxalic acid.

[0039] S1: Prepare the base liquid, add the emulsified oil and the vegetable oil base liquid into the mixing device, heat to 52°C, and continue to stir the liquid during the heating process. Then, slowly add polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl ether, as well as aromatic phosphate into the mixing device, and continue to stir for 26 minutes until they are completely dissolved and fully mixed with the base liquid;

[0040] S2: Add additives. After S1 is stirred, gradually add alkyl and sodium silicate, and keep the temperature within 45°C while stirring. Then add alcoholamine and polydimethylsiloxane, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to ensure that the additives are completely dispersed.

[0041] S3: Add carbon nanotubes, graphene and nano-titanium nitride to the mixed solution obtained in S2, and stir them thoroughly to make them evenly distributed in the cutting fluid, then add poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, and continue stirring for 30 minutes;

[0042] S4: Add potassium hydroxide and amino acid to the mixed solution obtained in step 3, and adjust the pH value of the liquid to within the range of 7.5-9. During the adjustment process, continue stirring and monitor the pH change to ensure the accuracy of the target pH value. After the adjustment is completed, cool the entire liquid to room temperature of 23°C, and then take samples for quality inspection to ensure that its performance meets the standard requirements.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Emulsified oil and vegetable oil base fluid 70%, polyethylene ether 4%, alkyl phosphate ester and aromatic phosphate ester 2%, lithium salt 0.5%, molybdate 0.5%, polycyclic phenol 0.2%, polydimethylsiloxane 0.05%, ammonium fluoride 0.05%, poly-alpha-olefin synthetic oil 1%, sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid 7.5%, magnesium alloy powder 2%, aluminum oxide 4%, nano silicon carbide 2%, aminotriacetic acid 1%, oxalic acid 5.2%

[0045] S1: Prepare the base liquid, add the emulsified oil and the vegetable oil base liquid into the mixing device, heat to 55°C, and continue to stir the liquid during the heating process. Then, slowly add the polyethylene ether, alkyl phosphate ester and aromatic phosphate ester into the mixing device, and continue to stir for 25 minutes until they are completely dissolved and fully mixed with the base liquid;

[0046] S2: Add additives. After S1 is stirred, gradually add lithium salt and molybdate, and keep the temperature within 47°C while stirring. Then add polycyclic phenol and polydimethylsiloxane, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to ensure that the additives are completely dispersed.

[0047] S3: Add alumina and nano-silicon carbide to the mixed solution obtained in S2, and stir them thoroughly to make them evenly distributed in the cutting fluid, then add grease and continue stirring for 30 minutes;

[0048] S4: Add sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid to the mixed solution obtained in step 3, and adjust the pH value of the liquid to within the range of 8. During the adjustment process, continue stirring and monitor the pH change to ensure the accuracy of the target pH value. After the adjustment is completed, cool the entire liquid to room temperature of 24°C, and then take samples for quality inspection to ensure that its performance meets the standard requirements.

[0049] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in the following mass percentage ratios: base liquid 60-75%, surfactant 4-7%, phosphate compound 1.5-3%, organic lithium compound 0.5-1.5%, anticorrosive agent 0.5-1%, rust inhibitor 0.2-0.5%, antifoaming agent 0.05-0.1%, fluoride additive 0.05-0.1%, grease 1-2%, pH regulator 7.5-9%, magnesium alloy powder 2-8%, thermal conductivity additive 3-5%, nano additive 2-4%, metal ion chelating agent 1-3%, and the remaining additive liquid: high temperature stability additive; The base liquid is any one or more mixtures of water-based liquid, synthetic base liquid, emulsified oil liquid or vegetable oil-based liquid; The surfactant is an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or an amphoteric surfactant. The anionic surfactant includes fatty acid salts and sulfonates, the cationic surfactant includes tetraalkylammonium salts and amino compounds, the nonionic surfactant includes polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl ether, and the amphoteric surfactant includes betaine and amino acid derivatives. The phosphate compound is any one of alkyl phosphate, aromatic phosphate, amide phosphate or a mixture of phosphates, or a mixture of two or more of the above; The alkyl phosphate includes diisooctyl phosphate and tri(dibutyl) phosphate, the aromatic phosphate is triphenyl phosphate, the amide phosphate is diamide phosphate, and the phosphate mixture is a phosphate compound formed by the reaction of different types of alcohols or acids with phosphoric acid; The organic lithium compound includes a lithium salt or an organic group, and the organic group includes an alkyl group and a phenyl group.

2. A fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion inhibitor is any one or more of organic acid salts, inorganic salts or silicates. The organic acid salt is any one of molybdates, borates or citrates. The inorganic salts include zinc salts and chromium salts. The silicate is sodium silicate.

3. The fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is an amine compound or a phenol compound, the amine compound is any one of alcohol amine, fatty amine or aniline, the phenol compound is any one of condensed ring phenol, nitrophenol or fatty alcohol phenol, the antifoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane or polysiloxane, and the fluoride additive is ammonium fluoride, sodium fluoride or calcium fluoride.

4. A fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grease comprises a base oil, a thickener or an additive, wherein the base oil is a poly-α-olefin synthetic oil, the additive is an antioxidant and an extreme pressure additive, the antioxidant is sodium bisulfite, and the extreme pressure additive is any one of molybdenum disulfide, ammonium chloride or diallyl disulfide phosphate.

5. The fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH regulator includes an acidic regulator and an alkaline regulator. The acidic regulator is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and ammonia water, and the alkaline regulator is sulfuric acid, amino acid and acetic acid.

6. The fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity additives include metal oxide additives, carbon nanomaterials and organic additives.

7. A fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal oxide additives include aluminum oxide, copper oxide and silicon oxide, the carbon nanomaterials include carbon nanotubes and graphene, and the organic additive is dimethylsilane.

8. The fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano additive is nano silicon carbide or nano titanium nitride, and the metal ion chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid or aminotriacetic acid.

9. The fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature stability additives include citric acid, oxalic acid and oxalic acid.

10. A method for preparing a fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid, using the fully synthetic water-soluble magnesium alloy cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Prepare the base liquid, add the mixed base liquid into the mixing device, heat it to 50-55°C, and continue to stir the liquid during the heating process. Then, slowly add the surfactant and phosphate compound into the mixing device, and continue to stir for 25-30 minutes until they are completely dissolved and fully mixed with the base liquid; S2: Add additives. After S1 is stirred, gradually add organic lithium compounds and corrosion inhibitors, and keep the temperature in the range of 45-50°C while stirring. Then add rust inhibitors and antifoaming agents, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to ensure that the additives are completely dispersed. S3: Add the thermal conductivity additive and the nano additive to the mixed liquid obtained in S2, and stir them thoroughly to make them evenly distributed in the cutting fluid, then add the grease and continue stirring for 30 minutes; S4: Add a pH adjuster to the mixed liquid obtained in step 3, and adjust the pH value of the liquid to within the range of 7.5-9. During the adjustment process, continue stirring and monitor the pH change to ensure the accuracy of the target pH value. After the adjustment is completed, cool the entire liquid to room temperature of 20-24°C, and then take samples for quality inspection to ensure that its performance meets the standard requirements.