Quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefit of hydropower station, power station and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power station optimization dispatching, in particular to a quantitative evaluation method for power generation benefits of hydropower station short-term dispatching, a power station and a medium. The method comprises the steps that multiple water turbine efficiency characteristics in a water turbine efficiency characteristic curved surface in a hydropower station are obtained, and intraday optimization dispatching is conducted on the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the dispatching target; after the hydropower station is exchanged, the actual water consumption corresponding to the efficiency characteristics of each water turbine is obtained; calculating the water consumption difference between the efficiency characteristics of each water turbine, calculating the power generation amount corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculating the corresponding power generation benefit according to the power generation amount and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generating an evaluation curve of the water turbine efficiency characteristic change and the power generation benefit according to the power generation benefit. Therefore, the influence of the water turbine efficiency characteristic change on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station is quantitatively evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power station optimization dispatching, and in particular to a quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station, a power station and a medium. Background Art

[0002] Hydropower is stable, safe and low-carbon. It is a "stabilizer" and "ballast stone" in the process of global energy transformation. It is also an important regulating energy to ensure the stable operation of the power grid and provide effective support for fluctuating new energy. In the operation and management of hydropower plants, the operating status and optimal scheduling of hydropower units are key tasks, which will affect the economic operation of hydropower stations. In the optimization of unit operation in hydropower plants, turbine efficiency characteristics, hydraulic losses, restricted operating areas, etc. will have an impact on it. The efficiency characteristics of turbines refer to the ability of turbines to convert water energy into mechanical energy under different working conditions, which is usually described by efficiency curves.

[0003] In the related technology (1), the patent "Method, device and storage medium for determining the start-up sequence of hydro-turbine generator sets" with application number: CN202110867017.7 discloses determining the first start-up sequence of multiple hydro-turbine generator sets according to the corresponding operating efficiencies of the multiple hydro-turbine generator sets, so as to simultaneously ensure the equipment safety and economic benefits of the hydropower station. However, it does not mention the impact of changes in turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term scheduling and power generation benefits of the hydropower station.

[0004] In the related technology (2), the patent application number CN202111191046.2, “A method for daily load distribution of a small hydropower station based on a comprehensive characteristic curve of a turbine”, discloses the efficiency characteristics of a turbine unit based on the comprehensive characteristic curve data of the unit, establishes mathematical expressions of relevant parameters in the operating conditions of the small hydropower station unit, improves the water constraints and unit operation constraints of the small hydropower daily load distribution model, and provides a new method and idea for the daily load distribution of small hydropower stations. However, it does not mention the impact of changes in turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of the hydropower station. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station, a hydropower station, a storage medium and a program, so as to quantitatively study the influence of the change of turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of the hydropower station, which not only helps to provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also can provide a reference for the subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for the short-term scheduling power generation efficiency of a hydropower station, comprising the following steps: obtaining a comprehensive characteristic curve of a turbine in a hydropower station, and performing spatial interpolation based on the comprehensive characteristic curve to obtain a turbine efficiency characteristic surface; for multiple turbine efficiency characteristics in the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, performing intraday optimization scheduling of the hydropower station with a target water consumption as a scheduling target, and obtaining the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic after the hydropower station completes the replacement; calculating the water consumption difference between the turbine efficiency characteristics based on the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic, calculating the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculating the corresponding power generation benefit based on the power generation and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generating an evaluation curve of the turbine efficiency characteristic change and the power generation benefit based on the power generation benefit.

[0007] Optionally, the objective function taking the target water consumption as the scheduling target is:

[0008] Where W is the total water consumption of the power station, u is the unit number, and t is the time period number. The working water head of the uth unit in period t is , contribute The power generation flow is is the working water head of the uth unit in period t, is the output of the uth unit in period t, is the time period length, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t-1, and They are the water consumption during the startup and shutdown of the u-th unit, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the scheduling period.

[0009] Optionally, the intraday optimization scheduling constraints of the hydropower station include: power balance, water balance, reservoir capacity limit, flow limit, head limit, spinning reserve capacity limit, unit output limit, hydropower unit start and stop time limit and prohibited operation area limit, wherein, The power balance constraint is:

[0010] In the formula, is the total output of the hydropower station at the i-th moment, is the total system load at the i-th moment, is the output of the u-th unit at the i-th time, i is the time period number, u is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the dispatch period; The water balance constraint is:

[0011] Where V j and V j-1 are the reservoir capacities of the hydropower station in the jth period and the j-1th period, respectively. and are the inflow and discharge of the hydropower station in the jth period, is the time period length; Wherein, the leakage flow limit constraint is:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, and are the minimum discharge flow and the maximum discharge flow of the hydropower station, is the discharge flow of the hydropower station in the kth period, and are the minimum power generation flow and the maximum power generation flow of the hydropower station, is the power generation flow of the hydropower station in the kth period; Wherein, the water head limit constraint is:

[0014] In the formula, is the net water head at the jth moment, is the net water head of the u-th unit at the j-th moment, and It is the minimum and maximum net water head of the hydropower unit; The storage capacity restriction is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, is the reservoir water level of the hydropower station in the kth period, and are the lowest and highest water levels of the reservoir respectively. The highest water level of the reservoir during the flood season and other periods is the flood control limit water level and the normal water storage level respectively. is the reservoir capacity in the kth period, is the relationship function between the reservoir capacity and water level of the hydropower station; Wherein, the spinning reserve capacity constraint is:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station, is the start / stop state of the u-th unit in the j-th period, The maximum stable output of the uth unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the power generation plan for the jth period, S j Spinning spare capacity for the system; The output limit constraint of the hydropower unit is:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, is the maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the output of the uth unit in period j, is the efficiency of hydropower unit u in period j, is the relationship between the efficiency of the hydropower unit and the net water head and flow rate, is the flow rate of hydropower unit u in period j, is the net water head of hydropower unit u in period j; The start and stop time constraints of the hydropower unit are:

[0021] In the formula, , are the continuous working and shut-down time of hydropower unit u, , are the minimum continuous working and shut-down time of hydropower unit u respectively; The prohibited operation area is constrained as follows:

[0022] In the formula, are the lower and upper limits of the jth prohibited operation zone of hydropower unit u at time k, The output of the u-th unit in period j.

[0023] Optionally, the intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station includes unit combination and load distribution, wherein the intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: adjusting the operating status of each unit according to the rotating reserve capacity constraint and the start and stop time constraint of the hydropower unit, until the operating status of all time nodes of different hydropower units meets the rotating reserve capacity of the hydropower units, and also meets the requirements of the minimum downtime and maximum operating time of the units.

[0024] Optionally, the intra-day optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: calculating the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit under a specific flow and head according to the efficiency characteristics of the turbine; calculating the output of the hydropower unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, and distributing the load according to the output of the hydropower unit with the target water consumption as the scheduling target.

[0025] Optionally, calculating the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference includes:

[0026] Among them, W hydro The amount of electricity that can be generated for the amount of water saved in one day, is the efficiency, Q is the flow rate, H is the water head, and t is the power generation time.

[0027] Optionally, the expression for obtaining the turbine efficiency characteristic surface by performing spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve is:

[0028] In the formula, is the estimated value at the point (x0, y0), r is the distance between the prediction point and the sample point, i is the sample number, and n represents the number of prediction points. is the efficiency at a given point (x, y), is the weight factor, is the interpolation function, They are flow rate and net water head respectively.

[0029] A second aspect of the present invention provides a power station, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement a quantitative evaluation method for the short-term scheduling power generation efficiency of a hydropower station as described in the above embodiment.

[0030] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the program being executed by a processor to perform the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station as described in the above embodiment.

[0031] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, characterized in that when the computer program or instructions are executed, a quantitative evaluation method for the short-term scheduling power generation efficiency of a hydropower station as described in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0032] Therefore, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The embodiment of the present invention can obtain the turbine efficiency characteristics through a spatial interpolation method according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model; then, according to the turbine efficiency characteristics, the hydropower station is optimized for daily scheduling with the minimum water consumption as the goal, and the minimum water consumption at this time is recorded; then, the turbine efficiency characteristics are changed, the difference of the turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the hydropower station is optimized for daily scheduling with the minimum water consumption as the goal again, and the minimum water consumption at this time is recorded; finally, the difference in the minimum water consumption of the daily optimized scheduling caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the power generation benefit that can be achieved by the saved water is calculated, and the influence of the change of turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station is quantitatively evaluated, which realizes the quantitative evaluation of the influence of the change of turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station, which can not only provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A flowchart of a quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a characteristic curve of water turbine efficiency provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a spline function interpolation method provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of efficiency characteristics of a type A hydropower unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of efficiency characteristics of a type B hydropower unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The short-term dispatch result of a hydropower station using all type A units provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 The short-term dispatch result of a hydropower station using all B-type units provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydropower station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] The following describes a quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station, a hydropower station, a storage medium, and a program according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the quantitative evaluation method of the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station includes the following steps: In step S101, a comprehensive characteristic curve of a water turbine in a hydropower station is obtained, and a water turbine efficiency characteristic surface is obtained by performing spatial interpolation based on the comprehensive characteristic curve.

[0039] Among them, the expression of the turbine efficiency characteristic surface obtained by spatial interpolation based on the comprehensive characteristic curve is:

[0040] In the formula, is the estimated value at the point (x0, y0), r is the distance between the prediction point and the sample point, i is the sample number, and n represents the number of prediction points. is the efficiency at a given point (x, y), is the weight factor, is the interpolation function, They are flow rate and net water head respectively.

[0041] It can be understood that the efficiency characteristic surface generated by the spline function interpolation method according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model in the embodiment of the present invention is smooth and continuous, such as Figure 2 As shown, it can accurately reflect the efficiency changes of the turbine under different operating conditions, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of the optimal operating conditions, reduce water consumption and improve power generation efficiency. It should be noted that, according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the unit speed (n1'), unit flow (Q1') and efficiency (η) of each operating point in the turbine model experiment are obtained; based on the spline function interpolation method, spatial interpolation is performed to obtain the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, such as Figure 3 As shown, the goal of spline function interpolation is to find a surface that satisfies the optimal smoothing principle and use sample observation points to fit the smooth curve to minimize the surface curvature.

[0042] In step S102, for multiple turbine efficiency characteristics in the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, the hydropower station is optimally scheduled within a day with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, and the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic is obtained after the hydropower station completes the replacement.

[0043] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can optimize the scheduling of the hydropower station within the day with the target water consumption as the scheduling target for multiple turbine efficiency characteristics in the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, and obtain the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic after the hydropower station completes the replacement. Through optimized scheduling, not only the resource utilization efficiency is improved, but also the operating efficiency and economic benefits of the hydropower station can be significantly improved.

[0044] It should be noted that the target water consumption of the present invention is the minimum water consumption and is not specifically limited.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the objective function with the target water consumption as the scheduling target is:

[0046] Where W is the total water consumption of the power station, u is the unit number, and t is the time period number. The working water head of the uth unit in period t is , contribute The power generation flow is is the working water head of the uth unit in period t, is the output of the uth unit in period t, is the time period length, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t-1, and They are the water consumption during the startup and shutdown of the u-th unit, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the scheduling period.

[0047] It should be noted that the objective function is based on the principle of economy and water consumption as the target under the condition of ensuring the safe operation of hydropower plants and power systems. The objective function quantifies the optimization goal and guides the optimization algorithm to find the optimal solution. The optimization goal is concretized through mathematical expressions, so that the optimization process can be processed and calculated by the algorithm, which is conducive to helping select the optimal scheduling plan.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the constraints for the daily optimization scheduling of the hydropower station include: power balance, water balance, storage capacity limit, flow limit, head limit, spinning reserve capacity limit, unit output limit, hydropower unit start and stop time limit and prohibited operation area limit, among which, The power balance constraint is:

[0049] In the formula, is the total output of the hydropower station at the i-th moment, is the total system load at the i-th moment, is the output of the u-th unit at the i-th time, i is the time period number, u is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the dispatch period; The water balance constraint is:

[0050] Where V j and V j-1 are the reservoir capacities of the hydropower station in the jth period and the j-1th period, respectively. and are the inflow and discharge of the hydropower station in the jth period, is the time period length; The leakage flow limit constraint is:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, and are the minimum discharge flow and the maximum discharge flow of the hydropower station, is the discharge flow of the hydropower station in the kth period, and are the minimum power generation flow and the maximum power generation flow of the hydropower station, is the power generation flow of the hydropower station in the kth period; The head limit constraint is:

[0053] In the formula, is the net water head at the jth moment, is the net water head of the u-th unit at the j-th moment, and It is the minimum and maximum net water head of the hydropower unit; Among them, the storage capacity limit constraint is:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, is the reservoir water level of the hydropower station in the kth period, and are the lowest and highest water levels of the reservoir respectively. The highest water level of the reservoir during the flood season and other periods is the flood control limit water level and the normal water storage level respectively. is the reservoir capacity in the kth period, is the relationship function between the reservoir capacity and water level of the hydropower station; Among them, the spinning reserve capacity constraint is:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station, is the start / stop state of the u-th unit in the j-th period, is the maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the power generation plan for the jth period, S j Spinning spare capacity for the system; Among them, the output limit constraint of the hydropower unit is:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, is the maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the output of the uth unit in period j, is the efficiency of hydropower unit u in period j, is the relationship between the efficiency of the hydropower unit and the net water head and flow rate, is the flow rate of hydropower unit u in period j, is the net water head of hydropower unit u in period j; Among them, the start and stop time constraints of the hydropower unit are:

[0060] In the formula, , are the continuous working and shut-down time of hydropower unit u, , are the minimum continuous working and shut-down time of hydropower unit u respectively; Among them, the prohibited operation area constraints are:

[0061] In the formula, are the lower and upper limits of the jth prohibited operation zone of hydropower unit u at time k, The output of the u-th unit in period j.

[0062] It should be noted that constraints can ensure the safe and stable operation of the system and avoid equipment damage or safety accidents caused by excessive operation. Constraints take into account the needs of the power system, such as load balance, equipment performance, such as the start and stop time of hydropower units, and environmental protection, such as ecological flow and other factors to ensure the maximization of comprehensive benefits.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the intraday optimal scheduling of a hydropower station includes unit combination and load distribution, wherein the hydropower station is optimally scheduled intraday with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, including: adjusting the operating status of each unit according to the spinning reserve capacity constraint and the start and stop time constraint of the hydropower unit, until the operating status of all time nodes of different hydropower units meets the spinning reserve capacity of the hydropower units, and also meets the requirements of the minimum downtime and maximum operating time of the units.

[0064] It is understandable that the operating status of each unit is adjusted according to the spinning reserve capacity constraints and the start-stop time constraints of the hydropower units until the operating status of all time nodes of different hydropower units meets the spinning reserve capacity of the hydropower units, and also meets the requirements of the minimum downtime and maximum operating time of the units. This can not only avoid the mechanical wear and start-up failure risks caused by frequent start-stop, extend equipment life, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system, but also improve resource utilization efficiency and reduce overall operating costs.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, a hydropower station is optimally scheduled within a day with a target water consumption as a scheduling target, including: calculating the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit under a specific flow and head according to the efficiency characteristics of the turbine; calculating the output of the hydropower unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, and distributing the load according to the output of the hydropower unit with the target water consumption as the scheduling target.

[0066] It can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can calculate the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit under a specific flow rate and head according to the efficiency characteristics of the turbine; calculate the output of the hydropower unit according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, and distribute the load according to the output of the hydropower unit with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, which can significantly improve the operating efficiency and economic benefits of the hydropower station, not only ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, but also achieve efficient utilization of resources and environmental protection, and provide strong support for achieving sustainable development.

[0067] Specifically, 1. Load distribution is carried out according to the hydraulic-mechanical characteristics of the unit: (1) Initialize the unit flow rate according to the unit hydraulic characteristics; (2) Calculate the tailwater level of the power station based on the tailwater level-flow curve; (3) According to the hydraulic characteristics of the hydropower unit, the head loss along the way and the local head loss are calculated based on the Darcy-Weisbach formula and the Xie Cai formula, and the head loss is calculated in detail:

[0068] In the formula, h w is the head loss, is the head loss along the way, is the local head loss; (4) Calculate the net water head:

[0069] In the formula, H net is the net water head; H ini is the initial water level; H tail is the tailwater level; h w is the head loss; 2. According to the turbine efficiency characteristic curve, solve the unit output efficiency: (1) Given the flow rate and net head, calculate the corresponding unit speed and unit flow rate.

[0070]

[0071] Where: is the unit speed, is the unit flow rate, n is the speed, Q is the flow rate, D1 is the impeller diameter, H net For the clean water head; (2) Calculate the corresponding unit speed and unit flow rate based on the net water head and flow rate, and calculate the corresponding unit efficiency using the spatial interpolation method; (3) Computer group output:

[0072] Where: P is the output of the hydropower unit, n is the speed of the turbine, Q is the flow rate of the turbine, and H is the net water head.

[0073] (4) The minimum water consumption is iteratively calculated based on the dynamic λ-iterative synthesis bisection method.

[0074] 3. Carry out short-term dispatch of refined unit combinations of hydropower stations according to the target, and iterate to obtain the optimized minimum water consumption; 4. Record the minimum daily water consumption of the hydropower station corresponding to this turbine efficiency characteristic.

[0075] In step S103, the water consumption difference between the turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated according to the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic, the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference is calculated, the corresponding power generation benefit is calculated according to the power generation and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and an evaluation curve of the turbine efficiency characteristic change and the power generation benefit is generated according to the power generation benefit.

[0076] It can be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can calculate the water consumption difference between the turbine efficiency characteristics according to the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic, calculate the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference, calculate the corresponding power generation benefit according to the power generation and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and generate an evaluation curve of the turbine efficiency characteristic change and the power generation benefit according to the power generation benefit, thereby realizing a quantitative evaluation of the impact of the turbine efficiency characteristic change on the short-term scheduling power generation benefit of the hydropower station, which can not only provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provide a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0077] Specifically, the turbine efficiency characteristics are changed, the difference of turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the optimal scheduling of the hydropower station is performed again with the minimum water consumption as the goal: (1) Changing the turbine efficiency characteristics, generating the efficiency surface in space using the spatial interpolation method, and calculating the average difference of different efficiency characteristics in the n1'-Q1'-η space; (2) Keeping other parameters unchanged, repeat the above steps for the turbine efficiency characteristic and record the minimum daily water consumption of the hydropower station under this turbine efficiency characteristic.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, calculating the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference includes:

[0079] Among them, W hydro The amount of electricity that can be generated for the amount of water saved in one day, is the efficiency of the turbine, Q is the flow rate of the turbine, H is the net water head, and t is the duration of power generation.

[0080] Specifically, the difference in the minimum water consumption of the daily optimal dispatch caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics and the power generation benefits that can be achieved by the saved water are calculated, and the impact of the change in turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatch power generation benefits of the hydropower station is quantitatively evaluated: (1) Calculate the difference in the minimum water consumption for daily optimal scheduling caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics; (2) Taking the rated water head as the net water head and the multi-year average efficiency of the hydropower unit as the unit power generation efficiency, calculate the power generation that can be generated by the water consumption saved in one day; (3) Calculate the power generation benefits that can be generated by the amount of water saved per day and the amount of power generated based on the average on-grid electricity price of the power station over the years; (4) Based on the annual utilization hours of hydropower in the power station, calculate the impact of changes in turbine efficiency characteristics on the power generation benefits of the power station throughout the year.

[0081] According to the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, the turbine efficiency characteristics are obtained by a spatial interpolation method according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model; then, according to the turbine efficiency characteristics, the hydropower station is optimally dispatched within a day with the minimum water consumption as the goal, and the actual water consumption within the day at this time is recorded; then, the turbine efficiency characteristics are changed, the difference in the turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the hydropower station is optimally dispatched within a day with the minimum water consumption as the goal again, and the minimum water consumption within the day at this time is recorded; finally, the difference in the minimum water consumption of the daily optimal dispatching caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated, and the power generation benefit that can be achieved by the saved water is calculated, and the influence of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station is quantitatively evaluated, so as to realize the quantitative evaluation of the influence of the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station, which can not only provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provide a reference for the subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0082] The following will describe in detail the quantitative evaluation method of the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station of the present invention, taking the influence of the change of the efficiency characteristics of different types of turbines of a hydropower station on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station as an example, as follows: Step (1): Based on the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the turbine efficiency characteristics are obtained by spatial interpolation method. The power station has six hydropower units, each with an installed capacity of 850MW. There are two units, A and B, of the same type, both vertical shaft Francis turbines, with the same rated head, rated output and other parameters, but different turbine efficiency characteristics. The efficiency characteristics of the A-type hydropower unit are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the efficiency characteristics of type B hydropower units are shown as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0083] According to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine model, the unit speed of each operating point in the turbine model experiment is obtained ( n 1 ’ )、Unit flow( Q 1 ’ ) and efficiency ( η ), and spatial interpolation is performed based on the spline function interpolation method to obtain the turbine efficiency characteristics.

[0084] Step (2): Based on the turbine efficiency characteristics, optimize the daily dispatch of the hydropower station with the goal of minimizing water consumption. Assuming that all six units of the hydropower station are type A units, the required parameters and constraints are determined according to the power station data, and the hydropower station is optimally dispatched within a day with the goal of minimizing water consumption. The intraday short-term dispatch results are obtained when all hydropower units in the power station use type A units, as shown in the following figure: Figure 6 As shown, its water consumption is 1.8871×108 m 3 .

[0085] Step (3): Change the turbine efficiency characteristics, calculate the difference in turbine efficiency characteristics, and optimize the daily scheduling of the hydropower station with the goal of minimizing water consumption. Use the spatial interpolation method to generate the efficiency surface in space and calculate the efficiency of type A and type B units. n 1 ’ - Q 1 ’ - η The average difference in space is 0.66%.

[0086] Assuming that all six units of the hydropower station are type B units, the parameters, constraints, objective function, etc. of the power station remain unchanged, repeat step (2) to perform short-term scheduling and obtain the intraday short-term scheduling results when all hydropower units of the power station use type B units, as shown in the figure: Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the minimum daily water consumption of the hydropower station under the turbine efficiency characteristic is 1.8559×10 8 m 3 .

[0087] Step (4): Calculate the difference in the minimum water consumption for daily optimal scheduling caused by different turbine efficiency characteristics, and the power generation benefits that can be achieved by the saved water, and quantitatively evaluate the impact of changes in turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term scheduling power generation benefits of the hydropower station. According to the short-term scheduling results, it can be found that the operating status of the unit in the short-term scheduling remains basically unchanged after the unit efficiency characteristics change, but the water consumption has changed.

[0088] According to the saved water consumption value, the influence of the efficiency improvement on the power generation benefit of the power station is quantitatively calculated. The rated head and the efficiency are taken as the average value of 91.5%. It can be calculated that the water consumption saved in one day due to the change in the turbine efficiency characteristics can generate 4.44×10 4 kW·h. The average on-grid electricity price of the power station for many years is 0.26563 yuan / kW·h, so the water consumption saved in one day can generate 11,807.18 yuan of power generation benefits. Based on the calculation of 114 days of power generation throughout the year, the change in turbine efficiency characteristics will lead to a change of 4.3096 million yuan in the power generation benefits of the power station throughout the year.

[0089] In summary, the quantitative evaluation method of the influence of the change of turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station designed by the present invention obtains the turbine efficiency characteristics based on the spatial interpolation method according to the comprehensive characteristic curve of the turbine, and optimizes the daily dispatching of the hydropower station with the goal of minimizing water consumption. According to the change of turbine efficiency characteristics, the change of water consumption of the hydropower station is brought about by the change of water turbine efficiency characteristics, thereby realizing the quantitative calculation of the influence of the change of turbine efficiency characteristics on the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station. It not only helps to provide a scientific basis for the economic operation and management decision-making of the hydropower station, but also provides a reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and upgrading.

[0090] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The hydropower station may include: A memory 801 , a processor 802 , and a computer program stored in the memory 801 and executable on the processor 802 .

[0091] When the processor 802 executes the program, the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of the hydropower station provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0092] Furthermore, the hydropower station also includes: The communication interface 803 is used for communication between the memory 801 and the processor 802 .

[0093] The memory 801 is used to store computer programs that can be executed on the processor 802 .

[0094] The memory 801 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0095] If the memory 801, the processor 802 and the communication interface 803 are implemented independently, the communication interface 803, the memory 801 and the processor 802 can be connected to each other through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 8 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0096] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 801, the processor 802 and the communication interface 803 are integrated on a chip, the memory 801, the processor 802 and the communication interface 803 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0097] The processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

[0098] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station is implemented.

[0099] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, characterized in that when the computer program or instructions are executed, the above-mentioned quantitative evaluation method for the short-term scheduling power generation efficiency of a hydropower station is implemented.

[0100] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0101] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "N" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0102] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0103] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or a combination of multiple of the following technologies known in the art: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0104] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

Claims

1. A quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining a comprehensive characteristic curve of a water turbine in a hydropower station, and performing spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve to obtain a characteristic surface of water turbine efficiency; For multiple turbine efficiency characteristics in the turbine efficiency characteristic surface, the hydropower station is optimally scheduled within a day with the target water consumption as the scheduling target, and the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic is obtained after the hydropower station completes the replacement; The water consumption difference between the turbine efficiency characteristics is calculated according to the actual water consumption corresponding to each turbine efficiency characteristic, the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference is calculated, the corresponding power generation benefit is calculated according to the power generation and the electricity price data of the hydropower station, and an evaluation curve of the turbine efficiency characteristic change and the power generation benefit is generated according to the power generation benefit.

2. The quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function taking the target water consumption as the scheduling target is: Where W is the total water consumption of the power station, u is the unit number, and t is the time period number. The working water head of the uth unit in period t is , contribute The power generation flow is is the working water head of the uth unit in period t, is the output of the uth unit in period t, is the time period length, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t, is the state of the u-th unit at time period t-1, and They are the water consumption during the startup and shutdown of the u-th unit, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the scheduling period.

3. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The intraday optimization scheduling constraints of the hydropower station include: power balance, water balance, reservoir capacity limit, flow limit, head limit, spinning reserve capacity limit, unit output limit, hydropower unit start and stop time limit and prohibited operation area limit, among which, The power balance constraint is: In the formula, is the total output of the hydropower station at the i-th moment, is the total system load at the i-th moment, is the output of the u-th unit at the i-th time, i is the time period number, u is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station; ST is the number of time periods in the dispatch period; The water balance constraint is: Where V j and V j-1 are the reservoir capacities of the hydropower station in the jth period and the j-1th period, respectively. and are the inflow and discharge of the hydropower station in the jth period, is the time period length; Wherein, the leakage flow limit constraint is: In the formula, and are the minimum discharge flow and the maximum discharge flow of the hydropower station, is the discharge flow of the hydropower station in the kth period, and are the minimum power generation flow and the maximum power generation flow of the hydropower station, is the power generation flow of the hydropower station in the kth period; Wherein, the water head limit constraint is: In the formula, is the net water head at the jth moment, is the net water head of the u-th unit at the j-th moment, and It is the minimum and maximum net water head of the hydropower unit; The storage capacity restriction is: In the formula, is the reservoir water level of the hydropower station in the kth period, and are the lowest and highest water levels of the reservoir respectively. The highest water level of the reservoir during the flood season and other periods is the flood control limit water level and the normal water storage level respectively. is the reservoir capacity at the kth period, is the relationship function between the reservoir capacity and water level of the hydropower station; Wherein, the spinning reserve capacity constraint is: In the formula, is the unit number, NU is the number of units in the hydropower station, is the start / stop state of the u-th unit in the j-th period, The maximum stable output of the uth unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the power generation plan for the jth period, S j Spinning spare capacity for the system; The output limit constraint of the hydropower unit is: In the formula, is the maximum stable output of the u-th unit, is the minimum stable output of the u-th unit, is the output of the uth unit in period j, is the efficiency of hydropower unit u in period j, is the relationship between the efficiency of the hydropower unit and the net water head and flow rate, is the flow rate of hydropower unit u in period j, is the net water head of hydropower unit u in period j; The start and stop time constraints of the hydropower unit are: In the formula, , are the continuous working and shut-down time of hydropower unit u, , are the minimum continuous working and shut-down time of hydropower unit u respectively; The prohibited operation area is constrained as follows: In the formula, are the lower and upper limits of the jth prohibited operation zone of hydropower unit u at time k, The output of the u-th unit in period j.

4. The quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station includes unit combination and load distribution, wherein the intraday optimal scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: The operating status of each unit is adjusted according to the spinning reserve capacity constraint and the start and stop time constraint of the hydropower unit until the operating status of different hydropower units at all time nodes meets the spinning reserve capacity of the hydropower units, and also meets the requirements of the minimum downtime and maximum operating time of the units.

5. The quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The intraday optimization scheduling of the hydropower station with the target water consumption as the scheduling target includes: Calculate the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit at a specific flow rate and head based on the turbine efficiency characteristics; The output of the hydropower unit is calculated according to the power generation efficiency of the hydropower unit, so as to distribute the load according to the output of the hydropower unit and take the target water consumption as the scheduling target.

6. The quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculating the power generation corresponding to the water consumption difference includes: Among them, W hydro The amount of electricity that can be generated for the amount of water saved in one day, is the efficiency, Q is the flow rate, H is the water head, and t is the power generation time.

7. The quantitative evaluation method for short-term dispatching power generation benefits of a hydropower station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the turbine efficiency characteristic surface obtained by spatial interpolation according to the comprehensive characteristic curve is: In the formula, is the estimated value at the point (x0, y0), r is the distance between the predicted point and the sample point, i is the sample number, and n represents the number of predicted points. is the efficiency at a given point (x, y), is the weight factor, is the interpolation function, They are flow rate and net water head respectively.

8. A power station, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement a quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation benefit of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, it is used to implement the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that When the computer program or instruction is executed, the quantitative evaluation method for the short-term dispatching power generation efficiency of a hydropower station as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

Images