Pilot frequency transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a pilot frequency transmission method and device. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first length; determining a first sequence pair according to the first length; wherein the first sequence pair comprises K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is a first length; generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair; and outputting a pilot symbol. According to the scheme, when one pilot symbol is generated, the length of the sequence pair used for generating the pilot symbol is considered, the pilot symbol can be generated based on the sequence pair with the proper length (namely the first length), and the technical effect of considering the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a pilot transmission method and device. Background Art

[0002] The pilot signal generated based on the Gold sequence has the characteristics of low peak to average power ratio (PAPR), but its flatness in the frequency domain is poor, that is, there will be signals with small signal energy on some subcarriers. When the receiving end performs channel estimation, the signal-to-noise ratio of these subcarriers is very low, and the channel estimation quality is poor. The pilot signal generated based on the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence has good flatness in the frequency domain, but its PAPR is high. The pilot signal may be distorted after being amplified by the power amplifier, resulting in the receiving end being unable to correctly parse the pilot signal.

[0003] The pilot signal generated based on the Golay complementary sequence pair can take into account both low PAPR and frequency domain flatness. However, the length of the Golay complementary sequences (GCS) is limited. If the selected sequence length is too long, the generated pilot signal will occupy a large number of channels that do not need to be estimated, increasing the overhead of channel estimation; if the selected sequence length is too short, it will not be possible to effectively estimate all the channels that need to be estimated, resulting in inaccurate channel estimation.

[0004] How to select a sequence of appropriate length to generate a pilot signal to balance the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a pilot transmission method and device, which can generate a pilot signal based on a sequence of appropriate length, thereby achieving a technical effect of taking into account both the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation.

[0006] In a first aspect, a pilot transmission method is provided, which can be performed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: determining a first length; determining a first sequence pair according to the first length; wherein the first sequence pair includes K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is the first length; generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair; and outputting a pilot symbol.

[0007] When generating a pilot symbol, the above scheme takes into account the length of the sequence pair used to generate the pilot symbol, and can generate a pilot symbol based on a sequence pair of appropriate length (i.e., the first length), so that the bandwidth occupied by the finally generated pilot symbol matches (e.g., is consistent with) the bandwidth of the channel to be estimated (e.g., the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol), thereby ensuring that the receiving end of the pilot symbol can effectively estimate all channels to be estimated without increasing additional channel estimation overhead, that is, taking into account both the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation.

[0008] In one possible design, the first sequence pair is a Golay complementary sequence pair.

[0009] In a possible design, the Golay complementary sequence is a binary Golay complementary sequence.

[0010] Compared with the quaternary Golay complementary sequence or the multi-element Golay complementary sequence, the binary Golay complementary sequence can lower the PAPR of the pilot signal.

[0011] In one possible design, first information may be received from a network device, where the first information indicates a first length; and the first length may be determined based on the first information.

[0012] In this way, the complexity of determining the first length can be reduced.

[0013] In a possible design, the first information includes a factor set, and the factor set includes at least one of the first factor, the second factor and / or the third factor. Accordingly, determining the first length according to the first information may include: determining the first length according to the factor set.

[0014] By adopting this method, the data volume of the first information can be reduced, thereby saving resource overhead.

[0015] In one possible design, the first factor, the second factor, the third factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a 10 b 26 c ;or,

[0016] The first factor, the second factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a 10 b ;or,

[0017] The first factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a ;

[0018] Wherein, N is the first length, a is the first factor, b is the second factor, c is the third factor, and a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0019] Of course, the above relationships are only examples and are not limited to these.

[0020] Based on the above design, the first length can be made to meet the length requirement of the Golay complementary sequence, thereby achieving generation of pilot symbols based on the Golay complementary sequence.

[0021] In one possible design, the first length is related to the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol, and the first data symbol and at least two pilot symbols are mapped on the same frequency domain resource. In other words, the first length can be determined based on the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol.

[0022] By adopting this method, the length of the pilot symbol generated based on the first length can match the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of channel estimation; and there is no need for the network device to indicate the first length, which can reduce resource overhead.

[0023] In one possible design, the first length is N, the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is M; N is equal to 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N≤M / K, a, b, c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0024] This helps to achieve the generation of pilot symbols using a Golay complementary sequence pair.

[0025] One possible design has N equal to 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K, a, b, c are integers greater than or equal to 0; or, N is 2 a 10 b , and N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K, a and b are integers greater than or equal to 0; or, N is 2 a , and N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0026] In this way, the length of the sequence in the first sequence pair can be made as long as possible, thereby improving the performance of channel estimation.

[0027] In one possible design, N satisfies: KN+s=2 d 3 e 5 f , d, e, f are integers greater than or equal to 0; s is the total length of the redundant signal in the pilot symbol, and s is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0028] In this way, the complexity of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) calculation can be reduced.

[0029] In one possible design, N satisfies: N = 2 g 3 h 5 i , g, h, and i are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0030] In this way, the complexity of DFT calculation can be reduced.

[0031] In one possible design, the first length N is less than or equal to a first value, and the first value is related to the maximum multipath delay between the transmitting end and the receiving end corresponding to the pilot symbol.

[0032] In this way, the requirement of maximum multipath delay can be met to resist the inter-symbol interference caused by channel multipath.

[0033] In one possible design, generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair includes: adding a redundant signal before the first sequence in the first sequence pair. Optionally, the redundant signal may include the last P elements of each sequence in at least one sequence in the first sequence pair, where P is a positive integer.

[0034] In this way, the redundant signal can be used as a cyclic prefix (CP) padding before DFT (CP of Pre-DFT) to resist inter-symbol interference caused by channel multipath.

[0035] In one possible design, generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair includes: adding a redundant signal before each sequence in the first sequence pair; or, adding a redundant signal after each sequence in the first sequence pair.

[0036] Optionally, the redundant signal is 0; or, the redundant signal includes the last Q elements of each sequence in at least one sequence in the first sequence pair, where Q is a positive integer.

[0037] In this way, there is no requirement for the last elements of the sequences to be the same, there are more sequence choices, and the implementation is simpler.

[0038] In the second aspect, a pilot transmission method is provided, which can be performed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, a terminal device, a network device), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: obtaining a signal to be decoded; wherein the signal to be decoded includes a pilot symbol, and the pilot symbol is generated based on a first sequence pair, the first sequence pair includes K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is the first length; channel estimation is performed on a pilot symbol.

[0039] In the above scheme, the pilot symbol received by the second communication device is generated based on the first sequence pair, so all channels where the data symbols are located can be effectively estimated without increasing additional channel estimation overhead, thus taking into account both the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation.

[0040] In one possible design, performing channel estimation on a pilot symbol includes: splitting the pilot symbol into K pilot symbol parts; and performing channel estimation based on the K pilot symbol parts and a first sequence.

[0041] In one possible design, the first sequence pair is a Golay complementary sequence pair.

[0042] In one possible design, the first sequence pair is a binary Golay complementary sequence pair.

[0043] In one possible design, the first sequence pair is a Golay complementary sequence pair.

[0044] In one possible design, the second communication device is a network device, and the second communication device can also send first information, where the first information indicates a first length.

[0045] In this way, the receiving end of the first information (such as the first communication device) can directly determine the first length based on the first information, thereby reducing the complexity of the first communication device in determining the first length.

[0046] In a possible design, the first information includes a factor set, and the factor set includes at least one of the first factor, the second factor and / or the third factor.

[0047] In one possible design, the first factor, the second factor, the third factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a 10 b 26 c ;or,

[0048] The first factor, the second factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N = 2a 10 b ;or,

[0049] The first factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a ;

[0050] Wherein, N is the first length, a is the first factor, b is the second factor, c is the third factor, and a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0051] In one possible design, the first length is related to a transmission bandwidth of a first data symbol, and the first data symbol and a pilot symbol are mapped to the same frequency domain resources.

[0052] In one possible design, the first length is N, and the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is M;

[0053] N is 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N≤M / K, a, b, c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0054] In one possible design, N equals 2 a 10 b 26 c , where N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K, and a, b, c are integers greater than or equal to 0; or,

[0055] N is 2 a 10 b , where N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K, and a and b are integers greater than or equal to 0; or,

[0056] N is 2 a , and N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0057] In one possible design, N satisfies: KN+s=2 d 3 e 5 f , d, e, f are integers greater than or equal to 0; s is the total length of the redundant signal in the pilot symbol, and s is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0058] In one possible design, N = 2 g 3 h 5 i , g, h, and i are integers greater than or equal to 0.

[0059] In one possible design, the first length N is less than or equal to a first value, and the first value is related to the maximum multipath delay between the transmitting end and the receiving end corresponding to the pilot symbol.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned design methods can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding designs in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a module or unit or technical means for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0062] Exemplarily, the device may include:

[0063] A processing module, configured to determine a first length; determine a first sequence pair according to the first length; wherein the first sequence pair includes at least two sequences, and the length of each sequence in the at least two sequences is the first length; generate at least two pilot symbols based on the first sequence pair;

[0064] The transceiver module is used to output at least two pilot symbols.

[0065] According to a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a module or unit or technical means for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0066] Exemplarily, the device may include:

[0067] A transceiver module, configured to obtain a signal to be decoded; wherein the signal to be decoded includes at least two pilot symbols, the at least two pilot symbols are generated based on a first sequence pair, the first sequence pair includes at least two sequences, and the length of each sequence in the at least two sequences is the first length;

[0068] The processing module is used to perform channel estimation on at least two pilot symbols.

[0069] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor causes the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect to be executed through a logic circuit or execution code instructions, or causes the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect to be executed.

[0070] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program or instruction is stored in the storage medium. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect is executed, or the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect is executed.

[0071] In the seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, causes the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect to be executed, or causes the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect to be executed.

[0072] The specific designs and beneficial effects of the third to seventh aspects mentioned above can refer to the corresponding designs and beneficial effects in the first to second aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 It is a processing flow chart of DFT-s-OFDM signal;

[0074] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 3 A flowchart of a pilot transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 4A and Figure 4B This is an example diagram for filling redundant signals;

[0077] Figure 5 A flowchart of another pilot transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of (joint) channel estimation;

[0079] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, some technical terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are explained and illustrated below.

[0082] (1) Single carrier and multi-carrier:

[0083] Single carrier means that a serially arranged transmission signal is convolved with a roll-off filter to form a transmission signal; multi-carrier means that the transmission signal is arranged in parallel and formed into a transmission signal by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).

[0084] Exemplarily, the single-carrier waveform may be a single carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform, and the multi-carrier waveform may be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. In addition, the discrete Fourier transformation-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform is almost equivalent to the traditional single-carrier waveform, but it uses a multi-carrier implementation method, so it is easy to be compatible with OFDM, but its essence is still a single-carrier waveform.

[0085] Figure 1 The signal processing flow chart of the transmitter of the network device or the terminal device when the network device and the terminal device communicate using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, the transmitter modulates the encoded bit stream to obtain a modulated data sequence. The transmitter performs time domain resource mapping on the reference signal sequence and the modulated sequence (i.e., determines the time domain resources for each sequence, such as determining the OFDM symbol carrying each sequence), the reference signal sequence is, for example, at least one of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence, a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sequence, a tracking reference signal (TRS) sequence, or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) sequence; performs transform domain coding on the sequence after time domain resource mapping (such as discrete Fourier transform (DFT) operation to transform it to the frequency domain; performs subcarrier mapping on the sequence after DFT (such as mapping to a resource element (RE)); performs IFFT on the sequence after subcarrier mapping, and superimposes a cyclic prefix (CP) to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM sequence.

[0087] The receiver's process is the opposite of that of the transmitter. For example, after the receiver obtains the DFT-s-OFDM sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs operations such as DFT, subcarrier demapping, and IDFT to recover the reference signal sequence, coded bit stream, etc.

[0088] Understandably, Figure 1 The related operations are only used as an example. Optionally, other possible operations may also be included, such as frequency domain spectrum shaping, serial-to-parallel conversion, parallel-to-serial conversion, digital-to-analog-converter (DAC), power amplifier (PA), low noise amplifier (LNA), analog-to-digital converter (ADC), etc.

[0089] (2)PAPR:

[0090] The wireless signal is a sine wave with a constantly changing amplitude when observed in the time domain. The amplitude is not constant. The peak amplitude of the signal in one cycle is different from the peak amplitude in other cycles, so the average power and peak power of each cycle are different. In a long period of time, the peak power is the maximum instantaneous power that occurs with a certain probability, usually with a probability of 0.01% (i.e. 10^-4). The ratio of the peak power under this probability to the total average power of the system is the PAPR.

[0091] (3) Gray complementary sequence pair:

[0092] For two sequences of length n, a=(a0, a1, a2,…, a n-1 ) and b=(b0,b1,b2,…,b n-1 ),set up:

[0093]

[0094] If sequence a and sequence b meet the following requirements, then sequence a and sequence b form a Gray complementary sequence pair (or a pair of Gray complementary sequences), a is a Gray complementary sequence, and b is a Gray complementary sequence:

[0095] For any 0 <j<n-1,G a (j)+G b (j) = 0, and when j = 0, G a (j)+G b (j) = 2n.

[0096] In other words, in a Gray complementary sequence pair, the sum of the autocorrelations of the two sequences is 0 when j is not 0, and the sum is 2n when j is 0.

[0097] It can be understood that for sequence a, in addition to sequence b, there may be other sequences that meet the above requirements with sequence a, and for sequence b, in addition to sequence a, there may be other sequences that meet the above requirements with sequence b. Therefore, the number of Golay complementary sequences in a Golay complementary sequence pair may be 2 or more.

[0098] According to the types of elements contained in the Golay complementary sequence, the Golay complementary sequence can be divided into a binary Golay complementary sequence, a quaternary Golay complementary sequence, a multi-element Golay complementary sequence, and the like.

[0099] (4) Maximum multipath delay: Radio waves travel from the transmitter to the receiver via different paths. Due to the different path lengths, the time it takes to reach the receiver is also different. This phenomenon is called multipath effect. The delay of the transmission signal caused by the multipath effect is called multipath delay. The maximum delay of the transmission signal caused by the multipath effect is called maximum multipath delay.

[0100] (5) Cyclic prefix (CP): In OFDM-based wireless communication systems, a cyclic prefix (CP) is added to the symbol to resist inter-symbol interference caused by channel multipath. The CP is formed by copying the signal at the end of the OFDM symbol to the head. There are two main lengths of CP, namely Normal Cyclic Prefix and Extended Cyclic Prefix.

[0101] (6) The "multiple" involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. In addition, it should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe each object in the embodiments of the present invention, these objects should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish each object from each other.

[0102] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes other steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner.

[0103] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0104] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, sixth generation (6G) mobile communication systems, universal mobile telecommunications systems (UMTS), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, and other communication systems that will evolve in the future.

[0105] The embodiments of the present application can be applicable to the following scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), multi-site transmission (the same terminal device transmits signals to multiple sites), backhaul scenarios, wireless broadband to the home (wireless to the x, WTTx), device to device (D2D), or other scenarios with high timing requirements or high transmission rate requirements.

[0106] For example, Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the communication system may include one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices. The interface between the network device and the terminal device may be a Uu interface (or air interface), and data may be transmitted between the network device and the terminal device via air interface resources.

[0107] Figure 2 The example shows a scenario to which the embodiment of the present application is applicable, namely, eMBB ( Figure 2 Indicated by the solid line), multi-site transmission ( Figure 2 The dashed line ① shows the backhaul scenario. Figure 2 Indicated by the dashed line ②), D2D( Figure 2 It should be understood that Figure 2 The four scenarios shown are only examples and are not limited to these in the embodiments of the present application.

[0108] The network equipment can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a base station in the sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc.; it can also be a module or unit that completes part of the functions of a base station, for example, a centralized unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The access network equipment can be a macro base station (such as Figure 2 110a), or a micro base station or an indoor station (such as Figure 2 110b), may also be a relay node or a donor node, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the access network device. In the embodiments of the present application, a base station is used as an example of an access network device for description.

[0109] In one possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU) or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0110] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN or open RAN or ORAN) system, CU may also be called O-CU (open CU), DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application takes CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0111] Terminal devices may also be referred to as terminals, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, etc. Terminal devices may be mobile phones, tablet computers, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal devices.

[0112] The base station and UE can be fixed or movable. The base station and UE can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on the water surface; they can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites in the air. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios of the base station and UE.

[0113] Base stations and UEs, base stations and base stations, and UEs and UEs can communicate through authorized spectrum, unauthorized spectrum, or both; they can communicate through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0114] The communication system and scenario described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, the waveform used for communication between the network device and the terminal device may be a single-carrier waveform, or may be a multi-carrier waveform. In the embodiment of the present application, the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is used as an example for description.

[0116] See also Figure 3 , is a pilot transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to Figure 2 The method may be executed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "first communication device" in this application may refer to the first communication device itself (for example, Figure 2 The method may be a network device or terminal device as shown in , or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device.

[0117] S301, determining a first length;

[0118] There are many ways to determine the first length, including but not limited to the following:

[0119] Method 1: Receive first information from a network device, where the first information indicates a first length; and determine the first length according to the first information.

[0120] It can be understood that when the first communication device is a terminal device, the first communication device can receive the first information from the network device; when the first communication device is a network device, the first communication device can receive the first information from another network device.

[0121] In a possible implementation, the first information may directly indicate the first length, that is, the first information is the value of the first length, such as 512.

[0122] By adopting the above implementation manner, the complexity of determining the first length can be reduced.

[0123] In another possible implementation, the first information indirectly indicates the first length. For example, the first information includes a factor set, and the factor set includes at least one of the first factor, the second factor and / or the third factor; the first communication device determines the first length according to the factor set.

[0124] For ease of description, this document uses N to represent the first length, a to represent the first factor, b to represent the second factor, and c to represent the third factor. The values ​​of a, b, and c are all integers greater than or equal to 0 (or the values ​​of a, b, and c are all natural numbers).

[0125] In some embodiments, the factor set includes a, b, c, and a, b, c and N satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a 10 b 26 c After receiving the first information, the first communication device can determine the first length according to a, b, and c, that is, 2 a 10 b 26 c Or, the factor set includes a, b, a, b and N satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a10 b After receiving the first information, the first communication device can determine the first length according to a and b, that is, 2 a 10 b Alternatively, the factor set includes a, a and N satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a After receiving the first information, the first communication device can determine the first length according to a, that is, 2 a ,etc.

[0126] In some embodiments, one or more factors among a, b, and c may be fixed values. In this case, the first information may only include the parts of a, b, and c other than the fixed values.

[0127] For example, if c is fixed to 0, the first information may only include a and b, and N=2 a 10 b .

[0128] For example, if a is fixed to 1, the first information may only include c and b, and N = 2*10 b 26 c .

[0129] In some embodiments, when the value of any factor among a, b, and c is 0, the first information may not include the factor, or the factor does not exist.

[0130] For example, the factor set includes a, b, a, b and N satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a 10 b In the 5G communication system, the bandwidth scheduling level is the resource block (RB) level, that is, 12 subcarriers are one RB, so the scheduling bandwidth is an integer multiple of 12. Therefore, c can be set to 0, or there are only two factors, a and b.

[0131] For example, the factor set includes a, a and N satisfy the following relationship: N = 2 a .

[0132] Of course, the above is only an example, and the implementation of the actual factor set is not limited to this.

[0133] By adopting the above implementation manner, the data volume of the first information can be reduced, thereby saving resource overhead.

[0134] Mode 2: Determine the first length according to the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol. In other words, the first length is related to the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol.

[0135] The first data symbol and at least two pilot symbols are mapped to the same frequency domain resource. The transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol may be specifically the frequency bandwidth occupied by the first data symbol (e.g., 20 MHz), or the number of RBs occupied by the first data symbol (e.g., 100 RBs), or the number of subcarriers occupied by the first data symbol (e.g., 1200 subcarriers), or the number of resource elements (REs) occupied by the first data symbol (e.g., 1200 REs), and so on.

[0136] In the embodiment of the present application, the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol may refer to the bandwidth before extension (PRBs before extension) or the bandwidth after extension (PRB after extension), without limitation.

[0137] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the first length is used to determine (or generate) the length of the first sequence pair (see S302), that is, the length of each sequence in the first sequence pair is the first length, and the first sequence pair is used to generate a pilot symbol (see S303), and the pilot symbol is used for channel estimation. Therefore, when determining the first length, the first length can be determined with reference to the bandwidth of the channel to be estimated (that is, the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol).

[0138] For ease of description, hereinafter, the first sequence pair is taken as an example including K sequences (K is a positive integer greater than 1), M is used to represent the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol, and RE is used as the unit of length.

[0139] In one possible design, the transmission bandwidth M and the first length N of the first data symbol satisfy: N≤M / K.

[0140] In some possible embodiments, considering using a Gray complementary sequence pair to generate a pilot symbol, N may also satisfy: N=2 a 10 b 26 c , a, b, c are integers greater than or equal to 0 (or a, b, c are natural numbers). In this way, it can be ensured that the first length meets the length requirement of the Gray complementary sequence.

[0141] In some possible embodiments, in order to improve the performance of channel estimation, the length of the sequence in the first sequence pair should be as long as possible. For example, N may also satisfy:

[0142] N is 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K; or,

[0143] N is 2a 10 b , and N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K; or,

[0144] N is 2 a , and N is the largest integer less than or equal to M / K.

[0145] For example, the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is 1200 (i.e., 1200 REs), the first sequence pair is a Gray complementary sequence pair, and the first sequence pair includes two sequences, such as sequence A and sequence B, then the sum of the lengths of sequence A and sequence B should be less than or equal to 1200, therefore, the length of each sequence is [0-600], in order to optimize the channel estimation performance, the length of the sequence should be as long as possible. As shown in Table 1, the length of the Gray complementary sequence is about 600, which is 512, 520, and 640. The maximum value of the Gray complementary sequence is selected to be less than or equal to 600, and the Gray complementary sequence with a length of 520 can be selected, that is, the first length is 520.

[0146] Table 1

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] In some possible embodiments, considering reducing the complexity of DFT calculation, N may also satisfy:

[0150] K*N+s=2 d 3 e 5 f ;

[0151] Among them, d, e, f are integers greater than or equal to 0 (or d, e, f are natural numbers), s is the total length of the redundant signal (or called redundant information or redundant element, etc.) in the pilot symbol, s is an integer greater than or equal to 0 (or a natural number), and K*N+s represents the length of the pilot symbol (which can be equal to M).

[0152] Of course, here the length of the pilot symbol satisfies 2 d 3 e 5 f Taking the low complexity of DFT calculation as an example, practical applications are not limited to this relationship.

[0153] Furthermore, considering the complexity of the first length calculation, N can also satisfy:

[0154] N=2 g 3 h 5 i ;

[0155] Wherein, g, h, and i are integers greater than or equal to 0 (or g, h, and i are natural numbers).

[0156] Since N satisfies the power of 2, 3, and 5, K*N+s is also likely to satisfy the power of 2, 3, and 5.

[0157] For example, the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is 100RB=1200RE, the first sequence pair is a Gray complementary sequence pair, and the first sequence pair includes two sequences, such as sequence A and sequence B, then the sum of the lengths of sequence A and sequence B should be less than or equal to 1200, therefore, the length of each sequence is [0-600]. In order to optimize the channel estimation performance, the length of the sequence should be as long as possible. As shown in Table 1, the length of the Gray complementary sequence of about 600 can be selected as 512, 520, 640. The Gray complementary sequence is selected to be less than or equal to 600 and is a power of 2, 3, 5, that is, 2 d 3 e 5 f , then, a Golay complementary sequence with a length of 512 can be selected, that is, the first length is 512.

[0158] In some possible embodiments, in order to resist inter-symbol interference caused by channel multipath, the first length can also be determined based on the maximum multipath delay between the transmitting end (such as the first communication device) and the receiving end (such as the second communication device) corresponding to the pilot symbol.

[0159] Exemplarily, N may also satisfy: N≤first value, where the first value is related to the maximum multipath delay.

[0160] For example, the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is 1200 (i.e., 1200 REs), the first sequence pair is a Gray complementary sequence pair, and the first sequence pair includes two sequences, such as sequence A and sequence B, then the sum of the lengths of sequence A and sequence B should be less than or equal to 1200, therefore, the length of each sequence is [0-600], in order to optimize the channel estimation performance, the length of the sequence should be as long as possible, according to the above example, a Gray complementary sequence with a length of 520 should be selected. However, considering using the elements in the first sequence to fill the redundant signal as the CP filling before DFT (Pre-DFT CP), the length of (1200-520*2)=160 in the pilot symbol can be filled as the Pre-DFT CP, but when the channel condition is relatively poor, it is possible that the length of 160 is not enough to be used as the CP, for example, the shortest length requirement of the CP is 170, then it can be considered to give priority to meeting the requirement of the maximum multipath delay, for example, selecting a Gray complementary sequence with a length of 512, that is, the first length is 512.

[0161] In another possible design, the transmission bandwidth M and the first length N of the first data symbol satisfy: N≥M / K.

[0162] Similarly, considering using Gray complementary sequence pairs to generate pilot symbols, N can also satisfy: N = 2 a 10 b 26 c ; Wherein, a, b, c are integers greater than or equal to 0 (or a, b, c are natural numbers).

[0163] Similarly, considering the optimal channel estimation performance, the length of the sequence should be as long as possible. For example, N satisfies:

[0164] N is 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N is the smallest integer greater than or equal to M / K; or,

[0165] N is 2 a 10 b , and N is the smallest integer greater than or equal to M / K; or,

[0166] N is 2 a , and N is the smallest integer greater than or equal to M / K.

[0167] Similarly, considering the complexity of DFT calculation, N can also satisfy: K*N+s=2 d 3 e 5 f and / or N=2 g 3 h 5 i .

[0168] Similarly, considering the maximum multipath delay, N may also satisfy: N≤first value, where the first value is related to the maximum multipath delay between the transmitting end and the receiving end corresponding to the pilot symbol.

[0169] S302, determining a first sequence pair according to the first length;

[0170] Determining the first sequence pair according to the first length may also be described as: generating the first sequence pair according to the first length.

[0171] Optionally, the first sequence pair is a Golay complementary sequence pair. Further optionally, the first sequence pair is a binary Golay complementary sequence pair. The binary Golay complementary sequence can make the PAPR of the finally generated pilot signal lower.

[0172] As an example, determining the first sequence pair according to the first length may be generating the first sequence pair based on an identity document (ID) of a user or a cell and the first length.

[0173] The following generates a length of 2 N1 (2 N1 The first sequence pair representing the first length is taken as an example:

[0174] Step 1: Generate C init :

[0175]

[0176] Among them, C init It is a random number related to the user (or cell) ID and is used to distinguish different users (or cells). Indicates the scrambling ID of the DMRS configured by the higher layer; n s Indicates the index of the number of time slots in a frame; l indicates the OFDM symbol index in a time slot; It indicates the initial value offset of DMRS ID (0 or 1); SCID is scrambling ID, that is, scrambling codes for different IDs.

[0177] In the following, C init =10 as an example.

[0178] Step 2: C init Transform it into binary form and get the generating function:

[0179] Get a binary vector of length N1

[0180] x is The binary matrix of ;

[0181] Generating function:

[0182]

[0183] Step 3: Get the length A Golay complementary sequence pair, taking a Golay complementary sequence pair including two Golay complementary sequences as an example:

[0184] r(2n)=(-1).^f(x);

[0185] r(2n+1)=(-1).^(f(x)+(x:,1)).

[0186] Optionally, the number of identical elements between all sequences in the first sequence pair is at most half of a single sequence. In this way, the sequence is more restrictive and the complexity of sequence selection can be reduced.

[0187] S303, generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair;

[0188] In a possible design, when the first length (i.e., the length of each sequence in the first sequence pair) is less than or equal to 1 / K of the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol (i.e., N≤M / K), the generated pilot symbol includes the first sequence pair, or the generated pilot symbol includes each sequence in the first sequence pair. For example, the first sequence pair includes sequence A = {a0, a1, ..., an} and sequence B = {b0, b1, ..., bn}, then the pilot symbol = {a0, a1, ..., an, b0, b1, ..., bn} or {b0, b1, ..., bn, a0, a1, ..., an}. It can be understood that the pilot symbol may include other elements in addition to the elements of sequence A and sequence B.

[0189] Further, if the sum of the lengths of all sequences in the first sequence pair is less than the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol (i.e., N<M / K), the first sequence pair may be filled with a redundant signal, so that the sum of the lengths of the first sequence pair and the redundant signal (equivalent to the length of the pilot symbol) is equal to M. Correspondingly, generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair may include: filling the first sequence pair with a redundant signal.

[0190] There are many ways to implement filling the redundant signal for the first sequence pair. Two possible ways are listed below:

[0191] Method 1: Add a redundant signal before the first sequence in the first sequence pair.

[0192] The redundant signal may include the last P elements of each sequence in at least one sequence in the first sequence pair, where P is a positive integer greater than 0.

[0193] For example, a redundant signal may be filled before the first sequence as CP filling before DFT (CP of Pre-DFT). In this case, the last P elements at the end of all sequences in the first sequence pair are required to be the same. Optionally, P≤N / 2.

[0194] For example, Figure 4A As shown, the first sequence pair includes sequence A and sequence B. The last P elements of sequence A are the same as the last P elements of sequence B. These P elements are copied to the front of sequence A and sequence B as a whole to fill the CP. The length of CP, sequence A and sequence B is equal to the length of the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol, s+N+N=M.

[0195] Mode 2: A redundant signal is added before each sequence in the first sequence pair.

[0196] The redundant signal may be 0; or the redundant signal may include the last Q elements of each sequence in at least one sequence in the first sequence pair, where Q is a positive integer.

[0197] For example, Figure 4B As shown, the first sequence pair includes sequence A and sequence B, the last Q elements of sequence A are copied to the front of sequence A for CP filling, and the last Q elements of sequence B are copied to the front of sequence B (behind sequence A) for CP filling. The sum of the lengths of all CPs, sequence A, and sequence B is equal to the length of the transmission bandwidth, that is, s1+s2+N+N=M.

[0198] In this case, the sequences do not need to have the same ending elements.

[0199] Mode 3: adding a redundant signal after each sequence in the first sequence pair.

[0200] The redundant signal may be 0.

[0201] In another possible design, when the first length (i.e., the length of each sequence in the first sequence pair) is greater than 1 / K of the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol (i.e., N>M / K), each sequence in the first sequence pair may be truncated to obtain a truncated first sequence pair; and at least two pilot symbols are generated based on the truncated first sequence pair. Optionally, the length of the truncated sequence is M / K.

[0202] The truncation method may be to truncate the first (NM) / K elements of each sequence, or to truncate the last (NM) / K elements of each sequence, or to truncate (NM) / K elements from each sequence at equal intervals, and so on, without limitation.

[0203] It can be understood that the above process is a process operated in the time domain.

[0204] Optionally, generating pilot symbols based on the first sequence pair also includes: performing DFT, subcarrier mapping, IFFT, superimposing CP and other operations on the first sequence pair (or the first sequence pair after filling redundant signals, or the first sequence pair after truncation) to obtain pilot symbols.

[0205] S304: Output the pilot symbol.

[0206] Outputting the pilot symbol may refer to outputting the pilot symbol to a processing unit (such as a medium radio frequency), or may refer to sending the pilot symbol through a carrier, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0207] In the above S301 to S304, for the scenario of generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair, the length of the sequence used to generate the pilot symbol (i.e., the first length) is taken into consideration when generating the pilot symbol, and a variety of implementation methods for determining the first length are given, so that the pilot symbol can be generated based on a sequence pair of appropriate length, so that the bandwidth occupied by the generated pilot symbol matches the bandwidth occupied by the data symbol (such as being consistent), thereby ensuring that the receiving end can effectively estimate all channels that need to be estimated based on the received pilot symbol without increasing additional channel estimation overhead, thereby achieving the technical effect of taking into account both the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation.

[0208] In one possible design, the pilot symbol and the first data symbol use the same spectrum extension. Exemplarily, the filter used to generate the pilot symbol is the same as the filter used to generate the first data symbol; and / or the bandwidth extension factor used to generate the pilot symbol is the same as the bandwidth extension factor used to generate the first data symbol.

[0209] In this way, pilot symbols and data symbols can be generated or processed based on the same filter without distinguishing between pilot symbols and data symbols, thereby enabling transparent transmission and reducing the complexity of signal processing.

[0210] The pilot transmission method on the first communication device side is introduced above, and the pilot transmission method on the second communication device side is introduced below.

[0211] See also Figure 5 , the embodiment of the present application also provides a pilot transmission method. The method can be executed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "second communication device" in the present application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, Figure 2 The method may be a network device or terminal device as shown in , or a component in a second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes:

[0212] S501, obtaining a signal to be decoded;

[0213] The signal to be decoded includes a pilot symbol, which is generated based on a first sequence pair. The first sequence pair includes K sequences, the lengths of the K sequences are all the first length, and K is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0214] For the specific design of the first length, please refer to the previous article Figure 3 The relevant description in the illustrated embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0215] S502: Perform channel estimation on the pilot symbol.

[0216] Specifically, the pilot symbol is split into K pilot symbol parts (or K pilot symbol receiving parts); and then channel estimation is performed on the K pilot symbol parts.

[0217] In some embodiments, channel estimation may be performed on each pilot part of the K pilot symbol parts separately.

[0218] In some other embodiments, channel estimation is performed based on the K pilot symbol parts and the first sequence pair, or in other words, (joint) channel estimation is performed on the K pilot symbol parts based on the first sequence pair.

[0219] For example, see Figure 6 , taking K=2 as an example, the specific implementation method of (joint) channel estimation for K pilot symbols can be as follows:

[0220] 1) The second communication device receives the time domain pilot symbol y, removes the CP, performs IFFT, demapping, and FFT on y to obtain a signal in the data domain. The signal in the data domain is split into two pilot symbol receiving parts, namely y1 and y2, where y1 and y2 correspond to x1 and x2 that have passed through the channel to reach the receiver. In the received signal data domain, it can be expressed as: y1 = h⊙x1+n, y2 = h⊙x2+n, where ⊙ represents circular convolution and n is noise. Noise is subsequently ignored.

[0221] 2) Perform FFT on y1 and y2 respectively to obtain the frequency domain received signals corresponding to y1 and y2 respectively:

[0222] Y1=FFT(y1)=HX1; Y2=FFT(y2)=HX2;

[0223] Where X1 is the frequency domain signal of x1, and X2 is the frequency domain signal of x2. x1 and x2 are generated by a pair of Gray complementary sequences (such as sequence A and sequence B) (the generation process may involve filling with 0 or duplication, multiplying by a pulse shaping filter, and other operations).

[0224] 3) Multiply Y1 and Y2 by the conjugate of the known signals X1 and X2 and add them:

[0225] X1*Y1+X2*Y1=X1*X1H+X2*X2H=AH;

[0226] Since X1 and X2 are generated by a Gray complementary sequence pair, for any subcarrier in the frequency domain, they have the following properties:

[0227] X1(n)*X1(n)+X2(n)*X2(n)=A(n);

[0228] Where n represents the frequency domain subcarrier index. Generally speaking, if there is no padding or duplication, multiplication by a pulse shaping filter or other operations, for any n, A(n) = 2. However, considering that there may be padding or duplication, multiplication by a pulse shaping filter or other operations, A(n) is not necessarily strictly equal to 2, but the second communication device considers that the coefficient A multiplied by the frequency domain data is the same. That is, for the data signal in TDW, there is a frequency domain received signal:

[0229] Y3=AHX3;

[0230] Therefore, AH obtained by multiplying Y1 and Y2 by the conjugate of the known signals X1 and X2 and adding them can be used to equalize Y3 to obtain the transmitted data signal X3.

[0231] The above 1) to 3) are (joint) channel estimation processes performed based on one Golay complementary sequence pair. In practical applications, it may also be considered that there may be multiple Golay complementary pairs, and (joint) channel estimation is performed based on multiple Golay complementary sequence pairs.

[0232] In the above S501-S502, the pilot symbols received by the second communication device are generated based on the first sequence pair, which can achieve effective estimation of all channels that need to be estimated without increasing additional channel estimation overhead, thus taking into account both the overhead and effectiveness of channel estimation.

[0233] Optionally, the second communication device is a network device, and the first communication device may also send first information to other devices such as the first communication device, where the first information indicates a first length. In this way, the first communication device may determine a sequence pair according to the length indicated by the second communication device, thereby generating a pilot symbol.

[0234] Optionally, the second communication device may also determine the first length. For example:

[0235] Method 1: receiving information from another network device, and determining a first length according to the information;

[0236] Mode 2: Determine the first length according to the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol. In other words, the first length is related to the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol.

[0237] For specific implementation, please refer to the above Figure 3 The relevant implementation methods in the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail again.

[0238] The method provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced above in combination with the accompanying drawings, and the device provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced below in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0239] Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 700, which can be, for example, a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point, or a chip inside a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point. The device 700 includes modules or units or means corresponding to the method steps in the above method embodiment, and the functions or units or means can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by hardware executing the corresponding software implementation.

[0240] For example, see Figure 7 , the device 700 may include a processing module 701 and a transceiver module 702 .

[0241] When the apparatus 700 is located in the first communication device:

[0242] The processing module 701 is configured to determine a first length; determine a first sequence pair according to the first length; wherein the first sequence pair includes K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is the first length; and generate a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair;

[0243] The transceiver module 702 is used to output one or two pilot symbols.

[0244] When the apparatus 700 is located in the second communication device:

[0245] The transceiver module 702 is configured to obtain a signal to be decoded; wherein the signal to be decoded includes a pilot symbol, the pilot symbol is generated based on a first sequence pair, the first sequence pair includes K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is the first length;

[0246] The processing module 701 is configured to perform channel estimation on the pilot symbol.

[0247] It should be understood that all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module and will not be repeated here.

[0248] Based on the same technical concept, see Figure 8 The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 800, including:

[0249] At least one processor 801; and a communication interface 803 that is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 801; the at least one processor 801 executes instructions stored in the memory 802, so that the device performs the method steps in the above method embodiment through the communication interface 803.

[0250] Optionally, the memory 802 is located outside the device 800.

[0251] Optionally, the apparatus 800 includes the memory 802, the memory 802 is connected to the at least one processor 801, and the memory 802 stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor 801. Figure 8 The dashed lines indicate that memory 802 is optional for device 800 .

[0252] The processor 801 and the memory 802 may be coupled via an interface circuit or may be integrated together, which is not limited here.

[0253] The specific connection medium between the processor 801, the memory 802 and the communication interface 803 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 In the embodiment, the processor 801, the memory 802 and the communication interface 803 are connected via a bus 804. Figure 8 The connections between the other components are shown in bold lines, which are only for illustration and are not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 8 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0254] The specific connection medium between the processor 801, the memory 802 and the communication interface 803 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 In the embodiment, the processor 801, the memory 802 and the communication interface 803 are connected via a bus 804. Figure 8 The connections between the other components are shown in bold lines, which are only for illustration and are not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 8 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0255] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0256] Exemplarily, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0257] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (DirectRambus RAM, DR RAM).

[0258] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0259] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0260] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or instruction, which enables the method in the above method embodiment to be executed when the program or instruction runs on a computer.

[0261] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the method in the above method embodiment to be executed.

[0262] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0263] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0264] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0265] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

Claims

1. A pilot transmission method, characterized in that: include: determining a first length; Determine a first sequence pair according to the first length; wherein the first sequence pair includes K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is the first length; generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair; The one pilot symbol is output.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sequence pair is a Golay complementary sequence pair.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The determining of the first length comprises: receiving first information from a network device, wherein the first information indicates the first length; The first length is determined according to the first information.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first information includes a factor set, and the factor set includes at least one of a first factor, a second factor and / or a third factor; The determining the first length according to the first information includes: The first length is determined according to the set of factors.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The first factor, the second factor, the third factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a 10 b 26 c ; or, The first factor, the second factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a 10 b ; or, The first factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a ; Among them, N is the first length, a is the first factor, b is the second factor, c is the third factor, and a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first length is related to a transmission bandwidth of a first data symbol, and the first data symbol and the one pilot symbol are mapped on the same frequency domain resource.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The first length is N, and the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is M; N is equal to 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N≤M / K, a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that N is equal to 2 a 10 b 26 c , wherein N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0; or, N is equal to 2 a 10 b , wherein N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a and b are integers greater than or equal to 0; or, N is equal to 2 a , and N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The N satisfies: KN+s=2 d 3 e 5 f , the d, the e, and the f are integers greater than or equal to 0; s is the total length of the redundant signal in the pilot symbol, and s is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The N satisfies: N=2 g 3 h 5 i , g, h, and i are integers greater than or equal to 0.

11. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The N is less than or equal to a first value, and the first value is related to a maximum multipath delay between a transmitting end and a receiving end corresponding to the pilot symbol.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair comprises: A redundant signal is added before the first sequence in the first pair of sequences.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The redundant signal includes the last P elements of each sequence in at least one sequence in the first sequence pair, where P is a positive integer.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The generating a pilot symbol based on the first sequence pair comprises: adding a redundant signal before each sequence in the first sequence pair; or, A redundant signal is added after each sequence in the first pair of sequences.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The redundant signal is 0; or, the redundant signal includes the last Q elements of each sequence in at least one sequence in the first sequence pair, where Q is a positive integer.

16. A pilot transmission method, characterized in that: include: Acquire a signal to be decoded; wherein the signal to be decoded includes a pilot symbol, the pilot symbol is generated based on a first sequence pair, the first sequence pair includes K sequences, K is a positive integer greater than 1, and the length of each sequence in the K sequences is the first length; Channel estimation is performed on the one pilot symbol.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The performing channel estimation on the one pilot symbol comprises: Splitting the one pilot symbol into K pilot symbol parts; Channel estimation is performed based on the K pilot symbol portions and the first sequence pair.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The first sequence pair is a Golay complementary sequence pair.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: Also includes: First information is sent, where the first information indicates the first length.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein: The first information includes a factor set, and the factor set includes at least one of a first factor, a second factor and / or a third factor.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein: The first factor, the second factor, the third factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a 10 b 26 c ; or, The first factor, the second factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a 10 b ; or, The first factor and the first length satisfy the following relationship: N=2 a ; Among them, N is the first length, a is the first factor, b is the second factor, c is the third factor, and a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that: The first length is related to a transmission bandwidth of a first data symbol, and the first data symbol and the one pilot symbol are mapped on the same frequency domain resource.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein: The first length is N, and the transmission bandwidth of the first data symbol is M; N is equal to 2 a 10 b 26 c , and N≤M / K, a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein: N is equal to 2 a 10 b 26 c , wherein N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a, b, and c are integers greater than or equal to 0; or, N is equal to 2 a 10 b , wherein N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a and b are integers greater than or equal to 0; or, N is equal to 2 a , and N is a maximum integer less than or equal to M / K, and a is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein: The N satisfies: KN+s=2 d 3 e 5 f , the d, the e, and the f are integers greater than or equal to 0; s is the total length of the redundant signal in the pilot symbol, and s is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein: N=2 g 3 h 5 i , g, h, and i are integers greater than or equal to 0.

27. The method of claim 23, wherein: The N is less than or equal to a first value, and the first value is related to a maximum multipath delay between a transmitting end and a receiving end corresponding to the pilot symbol.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, or comprises a module for executing the method according to any one of claims 16 to 27.

29. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor causes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 to be executed through a logic circuit or by executing a code instruction, or causes the method according to any one of claims 16 to 27 to be executed.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 16 to 27 is executed.

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