Intelligent settlement system and method for distributed power resources

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources, and the system comprises an operation layer which is used for providing power energy services and transaction services for users in a plurality of regions; the user layer is used for purchasing and consuming power services; and the supervision layer is used for supervising the power transaction process. The advantages of decentration, openness, security and the like of the block chain technology can be fully played, so that the demand of distributed power transaction of multiple subjects in the power market is met; and a listing transaction mechanism is utilized, so that the autonomous transaction requirement of the market main body is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to an intelligent settlement system and method for distributed power resources. Background Art

[0002] At present, the power trading center still has the following problems: the large-scale grid connection of distributed energy, energy storage and flexible loads has led to a surge in the number of power market trading entities, resulting in an exponential increase in the amount of data that needs to be processed during the centralized clearing process of the trading platform. However, the current power trading platform is difficult to process large-scale data; due to the limitations of the current organizational structure of the power trading center, trading information is difficult to share across regions, and the trading center cannot achieve unified optimization of national resources.

[0003] Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, traceability, immutability, and openness. Its nodes can reach consensus and jointly complete distributed storage and transaction confirmation on the basis of not fully trusting the other nodes, which is consistent with the characteristics of equal participation of all participants in distributed power transactions.

[0004] However, there are still several problems in the application of blockchain technology in power trading platforms, such as poor security, inaccurate credit assessment, and insufficient supervision capabilities. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent settlement system and method for distributed power resources, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to meet the needs of multiple entities in the power market for distributed power trading.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to adopt the following technical solution to achieve: an intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources, comprising: The operation layer is used to provide power energy services and transaction services to users in multiple regions; The user layer, which is used to purchase and consume electricity services; The regulatory layer is used to supervise the electricity trading process; The operation layer includes distributed generation companies and operators. Distributed generation companies provide power energy services to users in multiple regions and receive fees from operators for providing power services to users that month. Operators provide trading platforms and power transmission services to distributed generation companies and users, store transaction ledgers, are responsible for electricity bill settlement, and record transaction information on the blockchain. The trading platform adopts a listing trading model for trading. In the listing trading, it adopts a security authentication mechanism, a credit evaluation mechanism, a dynamic electricity price and intelligent settlement mechanism, and a contract guarantee and supervision mechanism. Among them, the credit evaluation mechanism adopts an internal and external dual management model to conduct a comprehensive score on the trading entity to ensure the settlement of electricity charges and store data.

[0007] Furthermore, the user layer includes power users, who purchase power services from nearby distributed power generation enterprises in the region and pay for the consumed power through operators.

[0008] Furthermore, the regulatory layer includes a regulatory agency, which stores the distributed transaction ledger of the entire network, obtains transaction electricity price data and transaction information from the blockchain, and conducts review.

[0009] Furthermore, the security authentication mechanism includes a real-name authentication module, which provides registration and authentication services for each transaction subject. The transaction subjects include electricity purchasing subjects and electricity selling subjects. The subjects that pass the authentication can become nodes on the blockchain, respectively for electricity purchasing nodes and electricity selling nodes.

[0010] Furthermore, the credit evaluation mechanism includes a credit management module, which provides internal mutual evaluation services for each trading entity. The trading platform continuously updates the node reputation value based on the mutual evaluation results and makes it public to the entire network. The calculation method of the reputation value is: ; In the formula, is the historical performance weight, is the transaction feature vector, is the abnormal behavior indicator, sigmoid is the saturation activation function, ReLU is the non-saturation activation function, n is the number of transaction indicators, and m is the number of abnormal behaviors.

[0011] Furthermore, the credit assessment mechanism also includes an external credit management module, which is used to regularly update the comprehensive credit rating of each transaction node in combination with the internal mutual evaluation results and user credit related information, and then feed back the updated information to the transaction platform to update the comprehensive credit rating of each node on the platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the dynamic electricity price and intelligent settlement mechanism includes a dynamic electricity price generation module and an intelligent settlement module, wherein: The dynamic electricity price generation module is used to dynamically adjust the electricity price: ; In the formula, is the base electricity price, is the market sensitivity coefficient, is the total regional demand at time t, is the total amount of available distributed resources at time t, U is the utility function, Q is the grid quality factor, is the grid stability coefficient, which is used to control the adjustment intensity of the power price due to the change of grid quality, and its value range is: 0.05~0.4; The intelligent settlement module is used to settle electricity charges: ; In the formula, is the electric energy weight factor, is the service value coefficient, is the power quality deviation, is the node voltage stability function.

[0013] Furthermore, the contract guarantee and supervision mechanism includes a contract guarantee module and a supervision module, wherein: The contract protection module is used to execute the payment and compensation operations according to the transaction results to protect the rights and interests of the transaction subject; The supervision module is used to set supervision indicators and supervise trading behaviors according to the supervision indicators.

[0014] An intelligent settlement method for distributed power resources is implemented based on the above-mentioned intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources, and includes the following steps: S1: The transaction subject performs registration and authentication; S2: Publish listing information and disseminate transaction information; S3: Delisting is confirmed and the settlement quotation is made public; S4: Complete the transaction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can give full play to the advantages of blockchain technology such as decentralization, openness, and security, thereby meeting the needs of multiple entities in the power market for distributed power trading; and utilizing the listing trading mechanism to ensure the requirements for autonomous trading by market entities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0020] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , an intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources, implemented using blockchain technology, specifically includes: an operation layer, used to provide power energy services and transaction services to users in multiple regions; a user layer, used to purchase and consume power services; a regulatory layer, used to supervise the power trading process. Furthermore, the operation layer includes distributed power generation companies and operators, the user layer includes power users, and the regulatory layer includes regulatory agencies.

[0022] Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. It is essentially a decentralized database that realizes chain storage through a one-way connection between the first and last hash values ​​of adjacent blocks. Specifically, in this embodiment, the blockchain used is a consortium chain, in which the nodes include distributed power generation companies, operators, power users and regulatory agencies. Among them, power users are light nodes, do not need to share all data, and only participate in the blockchain in the monthly billing link of power users; while distributed power generation companies, operators and regulatory agencies are all full nodes, participating in the blockchain consensus throughout the process.

[0023] Distributed power generation companies have the following main responsibilities: providing power energy services to nearby power users in multiple regions; storing distributed transaction ledgers for the entire network; recording private transaction electricity prices on the blockchain; and obtaining the fees for providing power services to their power users that month from operators through monthly billing. It should be pointed out that in order to reflect the marketization of power transactions, after distributed power generation companies and power users complete the price negotiation, the price cannot be obtained by participants other than regulatory agencies, so privacy protection technology is needed to ensure that the transaction price data of distributed power generation companies is not leaked.

[0024] Operators, whose main responsibilities include: providing trading systems and power transmission services for electricity users and distributed power generation companies; storing distributed transaction ledgers for the entire network; being responsible for the settlement of electricity bills, including monthly settlements with electricity users and distributed power generation companies, verifying the correctness of electricity bills after settlement, and recording transaction information on the blockchain.

[0025] The main responsibilities of electricity users include: purchasing electricity services from distributed power generation companies in the physical vicinity; only needing to store data related to monthly electricity bills; and paying the operator for the electricity and service fees consumed that month through the monthly billing process.

[0026] The regulatory agency’s main responsibilities include: storing the distributed transaction ledger of the entire network; having the right to obtain transaction electricity price data and transaction information from the chain and conduct review.

[0027] The trading platform adopts the listing and trading mode for trading. In the listing and trading mode, the buyer and seller publish listing and delisting information respectively, and the buyer freely chooses the delisting object to delist, without the need for centralized matchmaking by the trading center, so as to realize autonomous trading. The distributed trading mode realizes the autonomous trading of buyers and sellers, solves the trust problem in the transaction, ensures the fairness and transparency of the transaction, and improves the flexibility and autonomy of the transaction.

[0028] In the listed transactions, security authentication mechanism, credit assessment mechanism, dynamic electricity price and intelligent settlement mechanism, contract guarantee and supervision mechanism are adopted to complete the settlement of electricity bills and store data.

[0029] The security authentication mechanism includes a real-name authentication module, which is used to provide registration and authentication services for each transaction subject, including the electricity purchase subject and the electricity sales subject. The subject that passes the authentication can become a node on the blockchain, respectively for the electricity purchase node and the electricity sales node. In addition, in order to ensure the authenticity and validity of the submitted information, the transaction platform also needs to design a verification node, which will review the application information submitted by the transaction subject.

[0030] The credit evaluation mechanism includes a credit management module, which provides mutual evaluation services for each trading entity. The trading platform continuously updates the node reputation value based on the mutual evaluation results and makes it public to the entire network. The reputation value can be used as one of the references for each trading node to select a trading object. The calculation method of the reputation value is: ; In the formula, is the historical performance weight, is the transaction feature vector, is the abnormal behavior indicator, sigmoid is the saturation activation function, ReLU is the non-saturation activation function, n is the number of transaction indicators, and m is the number of abnormal behaviors.

[0031] Specifically, an external credit management module can be added. The trading platform can regularly synchronize the transaction information and evaluation of each trading subject to the external credit management module, and regularly update the comprehensive credit rating of each trading node in combination with other relevant information of the enterprise, and then feedback the update to the trading platform to update the comprehensive credit rating of each node on the platform. The amount of the performance bond between the platform and the trading subject is determined according to this comprehensive credit rating. The higher the comprehensive credit rating, the lower the amount of the performance bond. Based on the comprehensive credit rating, the platform rewards high-credit subjects: the node mines on the blockchain platform to obtain the right to record accounts, and the higher the credit value, the platform can also punish low-credit subjects: if the node credit value is too low, the platform will deduct a certain amount of deposit, warn the low-credit subject and publicize it on the entire network.

[0032] Through the credit management module, internal mutual evaluation is carried out, and through the external credit management module, synchronous management is carried out. After the transaction is successful, the two parties to the transaction evaluate each other and update the node reputation value. The transaction information is synchronized to the external credit, and the credit agency regularly updates the comprehensive reputation value of each node in combination with other relevant information of the enterprise and synchronizes the results to the trading platform for publication. Rewards and punishments are given according to the comprehensive reputation value to constrain the trading behavior of each trading entity on the platform.

[0033] The dynamic electricity price and intelligent settlement mechanism includes a dynamic electricity price generation module and an intelligent settlement module, among which: The dynamic electricity price generation module is used to dynamically adjust the electricity price: ; In the formula, is the base electricity price, is the market sensitivity coefficient, is the total regional demand at time t, is the total amount of available distributed resources at time t, U is the utility function, Q is the grid quality factor, The grid stability coefficient controls the intensity of regulation of electricity prices by grid quality changes. The larger the value, the more attention the system pays to the feedback of operation quality on prices. The value range is: 0.05~0.4; The intelligent settlement module is used to settle electricity charges: ; In the formula, is the electric energy weight factor, is the service value coefficient, is the power quality deviation, is the node voltage stability function.

[0034] The contract guarantee and supervision mechanism includes a contract guarantee module and a supervision module, among which: The contract guarantee module is used to execute the distribution and compensation operations according to the transaction results to protect the rights and interests of the transaction subject; specifically, this module can arrange the contract power transfer for the transaction power that failed to be successfully executed, and other nodes can distribute it to solve the problem of unsuccessful transactions of some power; this module can also use energy storage technology to meet the power demand of the part of the power that cannot be successfully traded; this module can allow the power purchasing node to purchase financial transmission rights to ensure the successful execution of power transactions. If the transaction still fails to be successfully executed, the purchaser can obtain certain economic compensation.

[0035] In addition, a deviation handling mechanism can be established for the deviation between the contracted electricity and the actual transaction execution process. Before the actual operation, each power sales node reports its electricity information available for adjustment by the dispatching agency through the platform. On the actual operation day, the dispatching agency will convey the instructions to increase or decrease the output of some units available for dispatch based on the deviation and ensure network security to maintain the system electricity balance.

[0036] The supervision module is used to set supervision indicators and supervise trading behaviors according to the supervision indicators. Specifically, first, determine the indicators related to trading violations, screen the indicators, and build a trading violation identification indicator system; second, use the classification algorithm to build a trading subject violation identification method; finally, judge whether the market subject has trading violations based on the identification algorithm and actual trading information. The violation identification method is written into the smart contract, and each market subject can identify market violations by calling the smart contract. If the node finds a trading subject that meets the conditions for trading violations, the supervision results can be uploaded to the regulatory agency for further processing, thereby ensuring the security and stability of power transactions on the platform.

[0037] See also Figure 2 , an intelligent settlement method for distributed power resources, based on the above-mentioned intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources, comprises the following steps: S1: The transaction subject performs registration and authentication; S2: Publish listing information and disseminate transaction information; S3: Delisting is confirmed and the settlement quotation is made public; S4: Complete the transaction.

[0038] Specifically, step S1 includes: registering and authenticating through the qualification verification function, and different types of transaction entities register different types of accounts. If registered as a power sales node, the transaction entity provides the platform with real and valid information related to the enterprise through this function, including corporate legal person information, bank account opening, business license and credit report, etc.; if registered as a power purchase node, the transaction entity only needs to submit basic information to the platform and perform real-name authentication. If the information provided by the transaction entity is incomplete, incorrect, or invalid, the platform will not approve the application, and the transaction entity that approves the application can become a node in the blockchain for anonymous transactions.

[0039] Specifically, step S2 includes: the power purchasing node is listed, and the power selling node is delisted. The power purchasing node submits the transaction contract, listed power quantity and listed power price of the next cycle to the platform through this function. The power selling node submits the delisted power quantity of the next cycle to the platform. The delisting node can choose to call this function when determining the delisting stage to obtain the best trading strategy it can adopt. Specifically, when the power selling node is listed and the power purchasing node is delisted, the power purchasing node calls its corresponding optimization function to obtain the best trading strategy comprehensively recommended by the platform. The power purchasing node can select the best delisting object for trading based on this trading strategy. This function comprehensively considers the listing price, transmission and distribution price, credit rating and carbon emissions of the power selling node to provide the best trading strategy for the delisting node.

[0040] Specifically, step S3 includes: determining the delisting function: within the prescribed delisting time, the delisting node independently selects the transaction object for delisting according to the trading strategy provided by the optimization algorithm function or according to its own actual needs through the function. Each participant adjusts the power generation and consumption plan within the power transmission time, and completes the transaction by increasing power generation or reducing load. The platform can use this function to automatically settle according to the data fed back by the smart power meter. The power purchasing node needs to prepay the settlement fee on the platform. If the transaction is successful, the prepaid electricity fee will be automatically transferred to the account of the power selling node, and the difference between the settlement electricity and the delisted electricity can be returned to the original power purchasing node; if the transaction is not successful, the prepaid funds of the power purchasing node will be automatically returned to the original account.

[0041] The entire process also includes a supervision step, which can call the supervision function at any time to supervise the transaction violations of market entities in order to prevent the risks of power market transactions and ensure the stable and healthy development of the power market. Specifically, the method for judging violations can be converted into program code and written into the smart contract of the blockchain. Each node can call it according to the ID of the smart contract to supervise the transaction violations. If a node determines that a certain trading entity has violated the market transaction rules, it will automatically upload the result to the supervision node of the trading platform, and the supervision node will make a final judgment based on other relevant information of the trading entity. If the supervision node finally determines that a certain trading entity has violated the rules, the platform will deduct a certain degree of margin and credit points from the node depending on the situation, and issue a warning announcement to the entire network.

[0042] It should be noted that, for the above embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0043] The above embodiments describe the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall be within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources, characterized in that: include: The operation layer is used to provide power energy services and transaction services to users in multiple regions; The user layer, which is used to purchase and consume electricity services; The regulatory layer is used to supervise the electricity trading process; The operation layer includes distributed generation companies and operators. Distributed generation companies provide power energy services to users in multiple regions and receive fees from operators for providing power services to users that month. Operators provide trading platforms and power transmission services to distributed generation companies and users, store transaction ledgers, are responsible for electricity bill settlement, and record transaction information on the blockchain. The trading platform adopts a listing trading model for trading. In the listing trading, it adopts a security authentication mechanism, a credit assessment mechanism, a dynamic electricity price and intelligent settlement mechanism, and a contract guarantee and supervision mechanism. Among them, the credit assessment mechanism adopts an internal and external dual management model to conduct a comprehensive score on the trading entity to ensure the settlement of electricity charges and store data.

2. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user layer includes power users, who purchase power services from nearby distributed power generation enterprises in the region and pay for the consumed power through operators.

3. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulatory layer includes regulatory agencies, which store distributed transaction ledgers for the entire network, obtain transaction electricity price data and transaction information from the blockchain, and conduct reviews.

4. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The security authentication mechanism includes a real-name authentication module, which provides registration and authentication services for each transaction subject. The transaction subjects include electricity purchasing subjects and electricity selling subjects. The subjects that pass the authentication can become nodes on the blockchain, respectively for electricity purchasing nodes and electricity selling nodes.

5. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The credit evaluation mechanism includes a credit management module, which provides internal mutual evaluation services for each trading entity. The trading platform continuously updates the node reputation value based on the mutual evaluation results and makes it public to the entire network. The calculation method of the reputation value is: ； In the formula, is the historical performance weight, is the transaction feature vector, is the abnormal behavior indicator, sigmoid is the saturation activation function, ReLU is the non-saturation activation function, n is the number of transaction indicators, and m is the number of abnormal behaviors.

6. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 5, characterized in that: The credit assessment mechanism also includes an external credit management module, which is used to regularly update the comprehensive credit rating of each transaction node in combination with the internal mutual evaluation results and user credit related information, and then feed back the updated information to the transaction platform to update the comprehensive credit rating of each node on the platform.

7. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic electricity price and intelligent settlement mechanism includes a dynamic electricity price generation module and an intelligent settlement module, wherein: The dynamic electricity price generation module is used to dynamically adjust the electricity price: ； Where p(t) is the electricity price, is the base electricity price, is the market sensitivity coefficient, is the total regional demand at time t, is the total amount of available distributed resources at time t, is the grid stability coefficient, which controls the adjustment intensity of the grid quality change on the electricity price, and its value range is: 0.05~0.4, U is the utility function, and Q is the grid quality factor; The intelligent settlement module is used to settle electricity charges: ； In the formula, is the electric energy weight factor, is the service value coefficient, is the power quality deviation, is the node voltage stability function.

8. The intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contract guarantee and supervision mechanism includes a contract guarantee module and a supervision module, wherein: The contract protection module is used to execute the payment and compensation operations according to the transaction results to protect the rights and interests of the transaction subject; The supervision module is used to set supervision indicators and supervise trading behaviors according to the supervision indicators.

9. An intelligent settlement method for distributed power resources, implemented based on an intelligent settlement system for distributed power resources according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The transaction subject performs registration and authentication; S2: Publish listing information and disseminate transaction information; S3: Delisting is confirmed and the settlement quotation is made public; S4: Complete the transaction.

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