Four-port phase-modes antenna

Abstract

The application provides a four-port phase-mode antenna, comprising a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a grounding plate and four feeding terminals; the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the grounding plate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; a radiator is arranged on the first dielectric plate, and a feeding structure is arranged on the second dielectric plate, wherein the feeding structure comprises four feeding patch antennas; the first dielectric plate is located between the radiator and the feeding structure, and the second dielectric plate is located between the feeding structure and the grounding plate; the radiator is electrically connected with the grounding plate, and the four feeding terminals are connected with the four feeding patch antennas respectively; the feeding structure feeds in a cavity composed of the radiator and the grounding plate; after radio frequency signals from the four feeding terminals excite electromagnetic fields in the cavity, the radio frequency signals are radiated to space through the radiator. The application can realize the functions of widening the scanning range of the array, reducing the gain roll-off of the array scanning and controlling the polarization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a four-port phase-modes antenna, especially a four-port phase-modes antenna based on a radial slot structure, which is used for pattern scanning, polarization control and multi-channel transceiving system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In wireless communication and radar systems, phased array antennas are used for directional control and multi-channel transceiving. The directional control of array antennas is mainly through the control of the phase difference between each antenna, and the multi-channel transceiving is mainly through the independent transceiving channels formed by the isolation between each port. The traditional phased array antenna has a contradiction between the scanning range and the aperture efficiency due to the fixed array element radiation. The array with phase-modes antenna as a unit can solve this contradiction. The phase-modes antenna is a kind of antenna with multiple ports sharing a radiation element. This kind of antenna has the functions of realizing phase control directionality and multi-channel transceiving on a single antenna. At the same time, if it is used as a unit of an antenna array, the phase-modes antenna also has the advantages of expanding the scanning range of the antenna array, improving the aperture efficiency, reducing the scanning roll-off and sidelobe level, etc. The more performance potential of the phase-modes antenna is being explored, and the development of more forms of phase-modes antenna and related functions and performances is of great significance to improve the performance of wireless systems.

[0003] The patent document with publication number CN110034394B discloses a multi-feed patch antenna and a device comprising the same. A radio frequency device can include a radio frequency integrated circuit chip and an antenna module mounted on an upper surface of the RFIC chip. The antenna module can include a first patch parallel to the RFIC chip and having an upper surface configured to emit radiation from the RFIC chip in a vertical direction opposite to the first patch; a ground plate parallel to the first patch and between the first patch and the RFIC chip; and a first plurality of feed lines connected to a lower surface of the first patch and configured to provide at least one first differential signal from the RFIC chip to the first patch. However, this patent document still has a contradiction between the scanning range and the aperture efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a four-port phase-modes antenna.

[0005] According to the four-port phase-modes antenna provided by the present application, the four-port phase-modes antenna comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a ground plate and four feed terminals.

[0006] The first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the ground plate are sequentially stacked from top to bottom.

[0007] A radiator is disposed on the first dielectric substrate, and a feeding structure is disposed on the second dielectric substrate. The feeding structure includes four fed patch antennas.

[0008] The first dielectric plate is located between the radiator and the feeding structure, and the second dielectric plate is located between the feeding structure and the ground plane;

[0009] The radiator is electrically connected to the ground plane, and the four feed terminals are respectively connected to the four feed patch antennas;

[0010] The feeding structure feeds the electromagnetic field within the cavity formed by the radiator and the ground plane; after the radio frequency signals from the four feeding terminals excite the electromagnetic field in the cavity, the radiation is emitted into space through the radiator.

[0011] Preferably, the radiator is a square radiator with annular radial sawtooth slots;

[0012] The outer contour of the radiator is square.

[0013] Preferably, all four of the fed patch antennas are rectangular patches;

[0014] The four feed patch antennas are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner.

[0015] Preferably, the four fed patch antennas together form an antenna structure with a square outer contour;

[0016] The outer contour of the four-port phase-mode antenna is square;

[0017] There is an angle between the side of the square outer contour of the antenna structure and the side of the square outer contour of the four-port phase-mode antenna.

[0018] Preferably, the grounding plate has a square structure;

[0019] The grounding plate has four slots, which are arranged in a cross shape.

[0020] Preferably, the side length of the square radiator is 0.4 wavelengths of the operating frequency;

[0021] The side length of the antenna structure is 0.28 wavelengths of the operating frequency;

[0022] The side length of the ground plane is 0.5 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0023] Preferably, the outer conductors of all four power supply terminals are connected to the ground plane;

[0024] The inner conductors of the four feed terminals are respectively connected to the four feed patch antennas.

[0025] Preferably, the radiator and the ground plane are electrically connected through a plurality of vias;

[0026] Multiple vias are distributed on the four sides of the square radiator and are electrically connected to the ground plane at equal intervals.

[0027] Preferably, the spacing between the vias is less than 0.1 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0028] Preferably, both the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are PCB boards;

[0029] The thickness of both the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm, the dielectric constant is 3.5, and the loss tangent is less than 0.002.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This invention achieves main lobe directional scanning and polarization control of a single antenna through a multi-port design within the same antenna, a symmetrical structure design relative to each port, and a phase difference applied to each port.

[0032] 2. The present invention forms a cavity structure by connecting the ground plane and the radiator through a via, which effectively reduces the height of the phase mode antenna.

[0033] 3. This invention improves the isolation between ports by optimizing the spacing and rotation angle of the four power supply patches.

[0034] 4. The present invention improves the isolation between ports by slotting the grounding plane. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the four-port phase-mode antenna in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the first dielectric substrate in Embodiment 1;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the second dielectric substrate in Embodiment 1;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the grounding plate in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled four-port phase-mode antenna of Embodiment 1;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical structure of the four-port phase-mode antenna in Example 1.

[0042] The diagram shows:

[0043] First feed terminal 11, third slot 203

[0044] First inner conductor 111, fourth slot 204

[0045] First outer conductor 112 First hollow pad 211

[0046] Second power supply terminal 12, second hollow pad 212

[0047] Second inner conductor 121, third hollow pad 213

[0048] Second outer conductor 122 Fourth hollow pad 214

[0049] Third feed terminal 13 Second dielectric board 31

[0050] Third inner conductor 131 First dielectric plate 32

[0051] Third outer conductor 132, first feed patch antenna 41

[0052] Fourth feed terminal 14 Second feed patch antenna 42

[0053] Fourth inner conductor 141 Third feed patch antenna 43

[0054] Fourth outer conductor 142 Fourth feed patch antenna 44

[0055] Grounding plate 2, radiator 5

[0056] First slot 201, through hole 6

[0057] Second slot 202 Insert 7 Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] like Figures 1-6As shown, this embodiment provides a four-port phase-mode antenna, including: a first dielectric substrate 32, a second dielectric substrate 31, a ground plane 2, and four feed terminals; the first dielectric substrate 32, the second dielectric substrate 31, and the ground plane 2 are stacked sequentially from top to bottom; a radiator 5 is disposed on the first dielectric substrate 32, and a feed structure is disposed on the second dielectric substrate 31, the feed structure including: four feed patch antennas; the first dielectric substrate 32 is located between the radiator 5 and the feed structure, and the second dielectric substrate 31 is located between the feed structure and the ground plane 2; the radiator 5 is electrically connected to the ground plane 2, and the four feed terminals are respectively connected to the four feed patch antennas; the feed structure is fed in a cavity composed of the radiator 5 and the ground plane 2; after the radio frequency signal from the four feed terminals excites an electromagnetic field in the cavity, its radiation is radiated into space through the radiator 5.

[0061] In this embodiment, the four feed terminals are the first feed terminal 11, the second feed terminal 12, the third feed terminal 13, and the fourth feed terminal 14, and the four feed patch antennas are the first feed patch antenna 41, the second feed patch antenna 42, the third feed patch antenna 43, and the fourth feed patch antenna 44.

[0062] The outer conductors of the four feed terminals are all connected to the ground plane 2; the inner conductors of the four feed terminals are respectively connected to the four feed patch antennas.

[0063] In this embodiment, the outer conductors of the four power supply terminals are the first outer conductor 112, the second outer conductor 122, the third outer conductor 132, and the fourth outer conductor 142, respectively, and the inner conductors of the four power supply terminals are the first inner conductor 111, the second inner conductor 121, the third inner conductor 131, and the fourth inner conductor 141, respectively.

[0064] The radiator 5 is electrically connected to the ground plane 2 through multiple vias 6; the multiple vias 6 are distributed on the four sides of the square radiator and are electrically connected to the ground plane 2 at equal intervals. The spacing between the vias 6 is less than 0.1 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0065] Via 6 achieves electrical connection by depositing copper after drilling; the via 6 is filled with copper.

[0066] In this embodiment, both the second dielectric substrate 31 and the first dielectric substrate 32 are square. Vias 6 penetrate the second dielectric substrate 31, the first dielectric substrate 32, and the radiator 5. The plurality of vias 6 on the second dielectric substrate 31 are generally arranged in a square pattern, with their sides parallel to the sides of the second dielectric substrate 31. Similarly, the plurality of vias 6 on the first dielectric substrate 32 are generally arranged in a square pattern, with their sides parallel to the sides of the first dielectric substrate 32.

[0067] Radiator 5 is a square radiator with annular radial sawtooth slots; the outer contour of radiator 5 is square. The four feed patch antennas are all rectangular patches; the four feed patch antennas are arranged rotationally symmetrically. The four feed patch antennas together form an antenna structure with a square outer contour; the outer contour of the four-port phase-mode antenna is also square; there is an angle between the sides of the square outer contour of the antenna structure and the sides of the square outer contour of the four-port phase-mode antenna. The antenna structure is located at the center of the second dielectric substrate 31.

[0068] In this embodiment, the center of the annular radial sawtooth groove is circular, radiating outward from the center of the circle, which is located at the center of the first dielectric plate 32.

[0069] In this embodiment, the sides of the square radiator are parallel to the sides of the first dielectric substrate 32. The sides of the antenna structure form an angle with the sides of the second dielectric substrate 31. The four sides of the first dielectric substrate 32, the four sides of the second dielectric substrate 31, and the four sides of the ground plane 2 are correspondingly arranged.

[0070] In this embodiment, the inner conductors of the four feed terminals pass through the second dielectric substrate 31, the feed patch antenna, and the first dielectric substrate 32 through four insertion holes 7, respectively. The insertion holes on the first dielectric substrate 32 are located in the region corresponding to the slot of the square radiator.

[0071] Ground plane 2 has a square structure; four slots are provided on ground plane 2, and the four slots are arranged in a cross shape. The side length of the square radiator is 0.4 wavelengths of the operating frequency; the side length of the antenna structure is 0.28 wavelengths of the operating frequency; and the side length of ground plane 2 is 0.5 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0072] In this embodiment, the ground plane 2 is provided with four hollow pads, namely the first hollow pad 211, the second hollow pad 212, the third hollow pad 213, and the fourth hollow pad 214. The outer conductors of the four feed terminals are connected to the ground plane 2 through the four hollow pads, while avoiding short circuits between the ground plane 2 and the inner conductors of the feed terminals. The hollow pads are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the insertion holes. The vias 6 on the ground plane 2 surround the cross-shaped structure formed by the four slots, forming a grid-like structure. The four hollow pads are located within one square of the grid-like structure. The cross-shaped structure is located at the center of the ground plane 2.

[0073] The power supply terminals form an SMA connector structure. The outer conductor and ground plane in the SMA connector are hollow structures, which prevent short circuits with the inner conductor and plug-in holes while connecting to each other.

[0074] Both the first dielectric substrate 32 and the second dielectric substrate 31 are PCB boards; the thickness of both the first dielectric substrate 32 and the second dielectric substrate 31 is 1.6mm, the dielectric constant is 3.5, and the loss tangent is less than 0.002.

[0075] like Figure 6 As shown, the top layer is the radiator 5, which is a copper layer. Below the top layer is the first dielectric substrate 32, and the middle layer is the power supply structure, also a copper layer. The first dielectric substrate 32 and the middle layer are connected by adhesive. Below the middle layer is the second dielectric substrate 31, and below the second dielectric substrate 31 is the bottom layer, which is the ground plane 2, also a copper layer.

[0076] This embodiment provides a four-port phase-mode antenna and array based on a radial slot structure, belonging to the field of communication technology. It includes: an SMA connector, a dielectric substrate, and a radial slot structure. The directional scanning and polarization control of the antenna are achieved by the phase difference between the feed signals of each port. The transmit and receive signals of each port are isolated from each other as independent channels. At the same time, it can be used as an array element of a phased antenna array to achieve the functions of widening the array scanning range, reducing the array scanning gain roll-off, and polarization control.

[0077] In this embodiment, the directional scanning and polarization control of the antenna are achieved through the phase difference between the feed signals of each port. The transmit and receive signals of each port are isolated from each other as independent channels. At the same time, it can be used as an array element of a phased antenna array to achieve the functions of widening the array scanning range, reducing the array scanning gain roll-off, and polarization control.

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] Those skilled in the art can understand this embodiment as a more specific description of Embodiment 1.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a four-port phase-mode antenna, comprising four feed terminals and a three-layer PCB board. The four feed terminals are designated as first feed terminal 11, second feed terminal 12, third feed terminal 13, and fourth feed terminal 14, and are coaxial.

[0081] The top layer of the three-layer PCB board is a square annular sawtooth-grooved radiator 5. The middle layer of the three-layer PCB board has four feed patch antennas, namely the first feed patch antenna 41, the second feed patch antenna 42, the third feed patch antenna 43, and the fourth feed patch antenna 44. The bottom layer of the three-layer PCB board is a slotted ground plane 2. The two PCB dielectric boards between the three conductors of the radiator 5, the feed patch antennas, and the ground plane 2 are the second dielectric board 31 and the first dielectric board 32, respectively. A set of vias 6 electrically connects the radiator 5 and the ground plane 2.

[0082] Four patch antennas are used to feed the cavity consisting of radiator 5 and ground plane 2 with high isolation. After the radio frequency signal from the four feed terminals excites the electromagnetic field in the cavity, its radiation is radiated into space from the annular sawtooth slot of the top radiator 5.

[0083] Furthermore, the radiator 5 has a square outline with a side length of 0.4 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0084] Furthermore, all four feed patch antennas are rectangular patches.

[0085] Furthermore, the four feed patch antennas are rotationally symmetrical and together form a square profile with a side length of 0.28 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0086] Furthermore, the four feed patch antennas are rotated at an angle to the overall antenna structure.

[0087] Furthermore, the side length of the ground plane 2 is 0.5 wavelengths of the operating frequency, and the ground plane 2 has four slots, namely the first slot 201, the second slot 202, the third slot 203, and the fourth slot 204.

[0088] Furthermore, the outer conductors of the four feed terminals are connected to the ground plane 2, and the inner conductors of the four feed terminals are connected to the four feed patch antennas through four plug holes respectively. The inner conductors of the four feed terminals are the first inner conductor 111, the second inner conductor 121, the third inner conductor 131, and the fourth inner conductor 141.

[0089] Furthermore, vias 6 are distributed on the four sides of the square radiator 5 and are electrically connected to the ground plane 2 at equal intervals.

[0090] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent vias 6 is less than 0.1 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

[0091] Furthermore, the thickness of each of the two PCB dielectric layers is 1.6 mm, the dielectric constant of the dielectric is 3.5, and the loss tangent is less than 0.002.

[0092] This invention enables the widening of the array scanning range, reduction of array scanning gain roll-off, and polarization control.

[0093] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0094] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A four-port phase-mode antenna, characterized in that, include: The first dielectric board (32), the second dielectric board (31), the ground plane (2), and four power supply terminals; The first dielectric plate (32), the second dielectric plate (31), and the ground plate (2) are stacked sequentially from top to bottom; The first dielectric substrate (32) is provided with a radiator (5), and the second dielectric substrate (31) is provided with a feeding structure, the feeding structure including: four feeding patch antennas; The first dielectric plate (32) is located between the radiator (5) and the feeding structure, and the second dielectric plate (31) is located between the feeding structure and the ground plane (2); The radiator (5) is electrically connected to the ground plane (2), and the four feed terminals are respectively connected to the four feed patch antennas; The feeding structure feeds the radiator (5) and the ground plane (2) in the cavity; after the radio frequency signal from the four feeding terminals excites the electromagnetic field in the cavity, its radiation is radiated into space through the radiator (5).

2. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator (5) is a square radiator with annular radial sawtooth slots; The outer contour of the radiator (5) is square.

3. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, All four of the aforementioned feed patch antennas are rectangular patches; The four feed patch antennas are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner.

4. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The four feed patch antennas together form an antenna structure with a square outer contour; The outer contour of the four-port phase-mode antenna is square; There is an angle between the side of the square outer contour of the antenna structure and the side of the square outer contour of the four-port phase-mode antenna.

5. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grounding plate (2) has a square structure; The grounding plate (2) has four slots, which are arranged in a cross shape.

6. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side length of the square radiator is 0.4 wavelengths of the operating frequency; The side length of the antenna structure is 0.28 wavelengths of the operating frequency; The side length of the ground plane (2) is 0.5 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

7. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer conductors of the four power supply terminals are all connected to the ground plane (2); The inner conductors of the four feed terminals are respectively connected to the four feed patch antennas.

8. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiator (5) is electrically connected to the ground plane (2) through multiple vias (6); Multiple vias (6) are distributed on the four sides of the square radiator and are electrically connected to the ground plane (2) at equal intervals.

9. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spacing of the vias (6) is less than 0.1 wavelengths of the operating frequency.

10. The four-port phase-mode antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first dielectric substrate (32) and the second dielectric substrate (31) are PCB boards; The thickness of the first dielectric plate (32) and the second dielectric plate (31) are both 1.6 mm, the dielectric constant is 3.5, and the loss tangent is less than 0.002.

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