A positioning and sizing grafting shear for Ulmus macrocarpa Hance buds

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of grafting scissors, and particularly to a positioning and sizing grafting scissors for the buds of large-fruited elm trees, which includes a scissor mechanism composed of a moving knife handle, a fixed knife handle, and a pin shaft, as well as a cutting knife and a backing plate respectively connected to the moving knife handle and the fixed knife handle. It also includes a pressing plate connected to the pin shaft through a one-way coupling. The pressing plate is opposite to the backing plate. One side of the backing plate facing the pressing plate has an arc-shaped concave surface. The movement of the pressing plate is controlled by the one-way coupling. The one-way coupling allows the pressing plate to rotate with the moving knife handle to approach the backing plate, while not allowing the pressing plate to rotate with the moving knife handle to move away from the backing plate. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the cutting knife approaches the backing plate, the pressing plate contacts the rootstock before the cutting knife, and the rootstock is pushed to the bottom of the concave surface of the backing plate, thus completing the positioning of the rootstock. When the cutting knife moves away from the backing plate, the pressing plate stops moving due to the slipping of the one-way coupling. The thickness of the scion between the pressing plate and the backing plate is equal to the thickness of the rootstock, which can be used for sizing the scion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of grafting scissors, and particularly to a positioning and sizing grafting scissors for Ulmus macrocarpa buds. Background Art

[0002] The grafting methods for Ulmus macrocarpa buds mainly include split grafting, cut grafting and bud grafting. Among them, split grafting requires cutting a socket on the rootstock, cutting a plug on the scion, then connecting the socket and the plug of the two branches, and making the cambiums of the two branches closely combine, and finally tying them tightly with plastic film or grafting tape.

[0003] When the thicknesses of the rootstock and the scion are similar, a grafting scissors can be directly used to cut out the socket and the plug. The grafting scissors have various cutters with different shapes, which can directly cut off the branch and make the longitudinal section of the cut-off part be V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped.

[0004] When the existing grafting scissors are in use, it depends on the user's visual estimation of the thickness of the branch, and at the same time, align the center line of the branch with the center line of the cutter of the grafting scissors by visual estimation, which is difficult for beginners of grafting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a positioning and sizing grafting scissors for Ulmus macrocarpa buds to solve the problem that traditional grafting scissors rely on the user's visual estimation to ensure uniform thickness and centered cutting of the branches.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A positioning and sizing grafting scissors for Ulmus macrocarpa buds includes a shear fork mechanism composed of a moving handle, a fixed handle and a pin shaft, and cutters and pads respectively connected to the moving handle and the fixed handle. It further includes a pressing plate connected to the pin shaft through a one-way coupling. The pressing plate faces the pad. The surface of the pad facing the pressing plate has an arc-shaped concave surface. The movement of the pressing plate is controlled by the one-way coupling. The one-way coupling allows the pressing plate to rotate with the moving handle to approach the pad, and at the same time does not allow the pressing plate to rotate with the moving handle to move away from the pad.

[0008] Further, the one-way coupling includes a base, a rotating part and an operating part. The rotating part is rotatably connected to the base. When the operating part is not operated, the rotating part can rotate unidirectionally, and when the operating part is operated, the rotating part can rotate bidirectionally. Among them, the base is fixedly connected to the moving handle, the rotating part is coaxial with the pin shaft, and the pressing plate is fixedly connected to the rotating part.

[0009] Further, the base includes a first shaft fixedly connected to the moving tool holder, the rotating part includes a second shaft fixedly connected to the pressing plate, the first shaft is coaxially arranged with the pin shaft and fixedly connected to the moving tool holder, the second shaft is rotatably connected to the first shaft, and the second shaft is fixedly connected to the pressing plate.

[0010] Further, the base further includes a ratchet part fixedly connected to the moving tool holder, the rotating part further includes a pawl part slidably connected to the pressing plate in the axial direction, the operating part includes a spring and a handle, the elastic force of the spring drives the pawl part and the ratchet part to approach each other and connect to each other, and when the handle is operated, the elastic force of the spring is overcome to separate the pawl part and the ratchet part.

[0011] Further, both the ratchet part and the pawl part are in the shape of a disc with tooth surfaces, the spring connects the pawl part and the pressing plate, and the elastic force of the spring drives the pawl part to move axially, so that the tooth surfaces of the ratchet part and the pawl part are in contact with each other. Both of the tooth surfaces have a number of teeth inclined in the same direction, so that the ratchet part and the pawl part engage with each other when rotating in one direction and slip when rotating in the other direction.

[0012] Further, the ratchet part includes a coaxial first multi-prism, the first multi-prism is fittedly connected to the moving tool holder, the pawl part includes a coaxial second multi-prism, and the second multi-prism is slidably connected to the pressing plate.

[0013] Further, the second multi-prism has a threaded hole, the handle has a threaded post, the handle is helically connected to the second multi-prism, and when the handle moves axially, the spring is compressed and the pawl part is separated from the ratchet part.

[0014] Further, a rotatable pressing wheel is connected to one end of the pressing plate away from the one-way coupling, and the pressing wheel is star-shaped.

[0015] Further, it further includes a tool rest fixedly connected to the fixed tool holder, the cutting tool is slidably connected to the tool rest, and the sliding direction of the cutting tool is perpendicular to the backing plate. The cutting tool is connected to the moving tool holder through a cam mechanism, and the cam mechanism is used to convert the circular motion of the moving tool holder into the linear motion of the cutting tool.

[0016] Further, the tool holder is provided with an opening for placing a branch and a slot for inserting the cutting knife. The cutting knife is disposed on one side of the opening and is slidably connected to the slot. The backing plate is disposed on the side of the opening opposite to the cutting knife and is detachably connected to the tool holder. The cam mechanism includes a sliding column and a sliding groove. The sliding column is fixedly connected to the moving tool handle, the sliding groove is disposed on the cutting knife, the sliding groove is perpendicular to the slot, and the sliding column is disposed inside the sliding groove.

[0017] The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the cutting knife approaches the backing plate, the pressing plate also approaches the backing plate accordingly, and the pressing plate contacts the rootstock prior to the cutting knife. The rootstock is pushed to the bottom of the concave surface of the backing plate, thereby completing the positioning of the rootstock. When the cutting knife moves away from the backing plate, the pressing plate stops moving due to the slipping of the one-way coupling, such that the pressing plate stays at the current position. At this time, the tip of the scion is inserted between the pressing plate and the backing plate. When the thickness of the scion between the pressing plate and the backing plate is equal to the thickness of the rootstock, the scion is affected by the frictional force between the pressing plate and the backing plate and stops moving, thereby completing the sizing of the scion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other implementation drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the rear view of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the cross-sectional view in the A-A direction of

[0023] Figure 4 is the front view of the working state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the rear view of the working state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the perspective view of an angle of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is the assembly drawing of the one-way coupling of an angle of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Is a perspective view of another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Is an assembly drawing of a tool holder from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Is an assembly drawing of a cutting tool from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] The reference numerals in the figure are respectively represented as follows:

[0031] 1 - Scissor mechanism; 11 - Moving tool handle; 12 - Fixed tool handle; 13 - Pin shaft; 14 - Scissor blade; 2 - Cutting tool; 21 - Slide block; 22 - Blade; 3 - Backing plate; 31 - Concave surface; 4 - One - way coupling; 41 - Base; 411 - First shaft; 412 - Ratchet part; 413 - First multi - prism; 42 - Rotating part; 421 - Second shaft; 422 - Pawl part; 423 - Second multi - prism; 43 - Operating part; 431 - Spring; 432 - Handle; 5 - Pressure plate; 51 - Pressure wheel; 6 - Tool holder; 61 - Opening; 62 - Slot; 7 - Cam mechanism; 71 - Sliding column; 72 - Chute. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] When the existing grafting shears are in use, it depends on the user to visually estimate the thickness of the branch, and at the same time, align the center line of the branch with the center line of the cutting tool of the grafting shears by visual estimation, which is difficult for beginners in grafting.

[0034] The idea to solve this problem is: integrate a grafting auxiliary device on the grafting shears, which can help the staff find the same - thickness parts of the rootstock and scion. At the same time, when the staff operates the grafting shears for cutting work, it can align the center line of the branch with the center line of the cutting tool of the grafting shears, and only requires one - hand operation.

[0035] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, refer to Figure 1 And Figure 2, a positioning and sizing grafting shear for elm buds is provided below. The positioning and sizing grafting shear also includes a shear fork mechanism 1 composed of a moving knife handle 11, a fixed knife handle 12, and a pin shaft 13, as well as a cutting knife 2 and a backing plate 3 respectively connected to the moving knife handle 11 and the fixed knife handle 12. The difference between it and the existing grafting shear is that it additionally integrates a positioning and sizing auxiliary device. The positioning and sizing auxiliary device includes a pressing plate 5 connected to the pin shaft 13 through a one-way coupling 4. On the grafting shear, the pressing plate 5 faces the backing plate 3. One side of the backing plate 3 facing the pressing plate 5 has an arc-shaped concave surface 31. The movement of the pressing plate 5 is controlled by the one-way coupling 4. The one-way coupling 4 allows the pressing plate 5 to rotate with the moving knife handle 11 to approach the backing plate 3, and at the same time does not allow the pressing plate 5 to rotate with the moving knife handle 11 to move away from the backing plate 3.

[0036] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , when the cutting knife 2 approaches the backing plate 3, the pressing plate 5 pushes the branch to the bottom of the concave surface 31, so as to provide the function of positioning the branch for the current cutting action. When the cutting knife 2 moves away from the backing plate 3, the pressing plate 5 stays in the current position, and the gap between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 3 is equal to the diameter of the branch, so as to provide the function of sizing the branch for the next cutting action.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the one-way coupling 4 has a base 41, a rotating part 42, and an operating part 43. The rotating part 42 is rotatably connected to the base 41, and when the operating part 43 is not operated, the rotating part 42 can rotate unidirectionally, while when the operating part 43 is operated, the rotating part 42 can rotate bidirectionally. Among them, the base 41 is arranged at the pin shaft 13 of the grafting shear and is fixedly connected to the moving knife handle 11. The rotating part 42 is coaxial with the pin shaft 13, and the pressing plate 5 is fixedly connected to the rotating part 42.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 , when the cutting knife 2 approaches the backing plate 3, the pressing plate 5 also approaches the backing plate 3 accordingly, and the pressing plate 5 contacts the rootstock before the cutting knife 2, and the rootstock is pushed to the bottom of the concave surface 31 of the backing plate 3, thus completing the positioning of the rootstock.

[0039] When the cutting knife 2 moves away from the backing plate 3, the pressing plate 5 stops moving due to the slipping of the one-way coupling 4, so that the pressing plate 5 stays in the current position. At this time, the tip of the scion is inserted between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 3. When the thickness of the scion between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 3 is equal to the thickness of the rootstock, the scion stops moving under the influence of the frictional force between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 3, thus completing the sizing of the scion.

[0040] Further, reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7, the base 41 includes a first shaft 411 fixedly connected to the moving tool handle 11, the rotating part 42 includes a second shaft 421 fixedly connected to the pressing plate 5. The first shaft 411 is coaxially arranged with the pin shaft 13 of the grafting scissors and is fixedly connected to the moving tool handle 11. The second shaft 421 is rotatably connected to the first shaft 411 and is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 5, so that the pressing plate 5 can rotate around the pin shaft 13 of the grafting scissors.

[0041] The base 41 further includes a ratchet part 412 fixedly connected to the moving tool handle 11, the rotating part 42 further includes a pawl part 422 that can be axially slidably connected to the pressing plate 5, and the operating part 43 includes a spring 431 and a handle 432. The elastic force of the spring 431 drives the pawl part 422 and the ratchet part 412 to approach each other and connect to each other. When the handle 432 is operated, the elastic force of the spring 431 is overcome to separate the pawl part 422 and the ratchet part 412.

[0042] Among them, the ratchet part 412 and the pawl part 422 refer to components with the functions of a ratchet and a pawl, not that their shapes are limited to a ratchet and a pawl.

[0043] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , both the ratchet part 412 and the pawl part 422 are in the shape of a disk with tooth surfaces. The spring 431 connects the pawl part 422 and the pressing plate 5. The elastic force of the spring 431 drives the pawl part 422 to move axially, so that the tooth surfaces of the two disks are in contact with each other. Both tooth surfaces have a number of teeth inclined in the same direction, so that the two disks engage in one direction and slip in the other direction.

[0044] The ratchet part 412 includes a coaxial first multi-prism 413, and the first multi-prism 413 is fitted and connected to the moving tool handle 11, so that when the moving tool handle 11 rotates, torque is transmitted to the ratchet part 412. The pawl part 422 includes a coaxial second multi-prism 423, and the second multi-prism 423 can be slidably connected to the pressing plate 5, so that when the pawl part 422 rotates, torque is transmitted to the pressing plate 5.

[0045] The second multi-prism 423 has a threaded hole, the handle 432 has a threaded post, and the handle 432 is screwed to the second multi-prism 423. When the staff pulls out the handle 432 outward, the spring 431 is compressed, and the pawl part 422 is separated from the ratchet part 412, so that the pressing plate 5 can be reset.

[0046] Furthermore, since the branches are not standard circles, it is difficult for the three-point contact between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 3 and the branch to well constrain the position of the branch. Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7, one end of the pressing plate 5 away from the one-way coupling 4 is connected with a rotatable pressing wheel 51. The pressing wheel 51 is star-shaped. The pressing wheel 51 is used to improve the contact between the pressing plate 5 and the branch, changing the three-point contact between the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 3 and the branch into the four-point contact between the pressing wheel 51 and the backing plate 3.

[0047] Regarding the structure of the grafting shears themselves, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 .

[0048] The grafting shears include a scissor mechanism 1, a tool holder 6, a cutter 2 and a backing plate 3. The scissor mechanism 1 includes a moving handle 11, a fixed handle 12 and a pin shaft 13.

[0049] The cutter 2 and the backing plate 3 are respectively connected to the moving handle 11 and the fixed handle 12. When the moving handle 11 and the fixed handle 12 are operated, they approach each other, thereby cutting the branch located between the cutter 2 and the backing plate 3. The cross-section of the cutter 2 is V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped, so that the longitudinal section of the cut branch is V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped.

[0050] The tool holder 6 and the backing plate 3 are both connected to the fixed handle 12. The cutter 2 is slidably connected to the tool holder 6, and the sliding direction of the cutter 2 is perpendicular to the backing plate 3. The cutter 2 is connected to the moving handle 11 through a cam mechanism 7. The cam mechanism 7 is used to convert the circular motion of the moving handle 11 into the linear motion of the cutter 2, so that the cutter 2 vertically cuts the branch.

[0051] Among them, the tool holder 6 has an opening 61 for placing the branch and a slot 62 for inserting the cutter 2. The cutter 2 is arranged on one side of the opening 61 and is slidably connected to the slot 62. The backing plate 3 is arranged on the side of the opening 61 opposite to the cutter 2 and is detachably connected to the tool holder 6. The cam mechanism 7 includes a sliding column 71 and a sliding groove 72. The sliding column 71 is fixedly connected to the moving handle 11. The sliding groove 72 is arranged on the cutter 2. The sliding groove 72 is perpendicular to the slot 62. The sliding column 71 is arranged inside the sliding groove 72.

[0052] When the moving handle 11 is operated, the sliding column 71 performs a circular motion around the pin shaft 13. The sliding column 71 slides inside the sliding groove 72, and pushes the cutter 2 to linearly move along the slot 62 through the sliding groove 72, so that the cutter 2 vertically passes through the opening 61 to contact the backing plate 3 and cuts the branch located inside the opening 61.

[0053] In addition, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10, the tool holder 6 is detachably connected to the fixed tool handle 12, a slot 62 is formed between the tool holder 6 and the fixed tool handle 12, the cutting tool 2 includes a slider 21 and a blade 22, the slider 21 is slidably connected to the slot 62, and the blade 22 is detachably connected to the slider 21. Users can replace the blade 22 as needed. One ends of the moving tool handle 11 and the fixed tool handle 12 are respectively connected to two opposite scissor blades 22(14), so that the grafting shears can also be used for conventional cutting.

[0054] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and sizing grafting shear for large-fruited elm tree buds, characterized in that it includes a shear fork mechanism (1) composed of a moving knife handle (11), a fixed knife handle (12) and a pin shaft (13), and a cutter (2) and a backing plate (3) respectively connected to the moving knife handle (11) and the fixed knife handle (12). It also includes a pressing plate (5) connected to the pin shaft (13) through a one-way coupling (4). The pressing plate (5) faces the backing plate (3). The surface of the backing plate (3) facing the pressing plate (5) has an arc-shaped concave surface (31). The movement of the pressing plate (5) is controlled by the one-way coupling (4). The one-way coupling (4) allows the pressing plate (5) to rotate with the moving knife handle (11) to approach the backing plate (3), and at the same time does not allow the pressing plate (5) to rotate with the moving knife handle (11) to move away from the backing plate (3); the one-way coupling (4) includes a base (41), a rotating part (42) and an operating part (43). The rotating part (42) is rotatably connected to the base (41). When the operating part (43) is not operated, the rotating part (42) can rotate unidirectionally. When the operating part (43) is operated, the rotating part (42) can rotate bidirectionally. Among them, the base (41) is fixedly connected to the moving knife handle (11), the rotating part (42) is coaxial with the pin shaft (13), and the pressing plate (5) is fixedly connected to the rotating part (42); the base (41) also includes a ratchet part (412) fixedly connected to the moving knife handle (11). The rotating part (42) also includes a pawl part (422) slidably connected to the pressing plate (5) axially. The operating part (43) includes a spring (431) and a handle (432). The elastic force of the spring (431) drives the pawl part (422) and the ratchet part (412) to approach each other and connect to each other. When the handle (432) is operated, the elastic force of the spring (431) is overcome to separate the pawl part (422) and the ratchet part (412); both the ratchet part (412) and the pawl part (422) are in the shape of a disc with tooth surfaces. The spring (431) connects the pawl part (422) and the pressing plate (5). The elastic force of the spring (431) drives the pawl part (422) to move axially, so that the tooth surfaces of the ratchet part (412) and the pawl part (422) are in contact with each other. Both of the tooth surfaces have several teeth inclined in the same direction, so that the ratchet part (412) and the pawl part (422) engage with each other when rotating in one direction and slip when rotating in the other direction.

2. The positioning and sizing grafting shear for large-fruited elm tree buds according to claim 1, characterized in that The base (41) includes a first shaft (411) fixedly connected to the moving tool handle (11). The rotating part (42) includes a second shaft (421) fixedly connected to the pressing plate (5). The first shaft (411) is coaxially arranged with the pin shaft (13) and is fixedly connected to the moving tool handle (11). The second shaft (421) is rotatably connected to the first shaft (411), and the second shaft (421) is fixedly connected to the pressing plate (5).

3. The positioning and sizing grafting shears for large fruit elm buds according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratchet part (412) includes a coaxial first multi-prism (413), and the first multi-prism (413) is fittingly connected to the moving tool handle (11). The pawl part (422) includes a coaxial second multi-prism (423), and the second multi-prism (423) is slidably connected to the pressing plate (5).

4. The positioning and sizing grafting shears for large fruit elm buds according to claim 3, characterized in that The second multi-prism (423) is provided with a threaded hole, the handle (432) is provided with a threaded post, and the handle (432) is helically connected to the second multi-prism (423). When the handle (432) moves axially, the spring (431) is compressed, and the pawl part (422) is separated from the ratchet part (412).

5. The positioning and sizing grafting shears for large fruit elm buds according to claim 1, characterized in that One end of the pressing plate (5) away from the one-way coupling (4) is connected with a rotatable pressing wheel (51), and the pressing wheel (51) is star-shaped.

6. The positioning and sizing grafting shears for large fruit elm buds according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that It further includes a tool rest (6) fixedly connected to the fixed tool handle (12). The cutting knife (2) is slidably connected to the tool rest (6), and the sliding direction of the cutting knife (2) is perpendicular to the backing plate (3). The cutting knife (2) is connected to the moving tool handle (11) through a cam mechanism (7), and the cam mechanism (7) is used to convert the circular motion of the moving tool handle (11) into the linear motion of the cutting knife (2).

7. The positioning and sizing grafting shears for large fruit elm buds according to claim 6, characterized in that The tool rest (6) is provided with an opening (61) for placing a branch and a slot (62) for inserting the cutting knife (2). The cutting knife (2) is arranged on one side of the opening (61) and is slidably connected to the slot (62). The backing plate (3) is arranged on the side of the opening (61) relative to the cutting knife (2) and is detachably connected to the tool rest (6). The cam mechanism (7) includes a sliding column (71) and a sliding groove (72). The sliding column (71) is fixedly connected to the moving tool handle (11), the sliding groove (72) is arranged on the cutting knife (2), the sliding groove (72) is perpendicular to the slot (62), and the sliding column (71) is arranged inside the sliding groove (72).

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