Light-temperature efficient sunlight greenhouse suitable for mechanization

Abstract

A light-temperature efficient sunlight greenhouse suitable for mechanization relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation and comprises a rear wall, a gable wall, a front roof and a cultivation bed, and a plurality of V-shaped cultivation ditches are arranged in the cultivation bed side by side; the rear wall comprises an obliquely-arranged rear heat preservation wall, and a rear stand column and a front stand column which are located on the two sides of the rear heat preservation wall respectively. The solar greenhouse solves the problems that in the prior art, a solar greenhouse with a thin wall made of heat preservation materials is insufficient in heat storage and cannot meet the requirement for maintaining the proper temperature; and the problems of insufficient cultivation row number and low land utilization rate caused by difficulty in coordination and consistency of the cultivation row number and the greenhouse width of the existing sunlight greenhouse suitable for mechanization are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] Thick earth walls have good heat storage capacity. They can absorb and store solar heat during the day and slowly release it at night to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse. Traditional thick earth walls are built with excavators and bulldozers. The wall thickness is generally 5 to 7 meters. The wall occupies a large area of ​​land, resulting in a low land utilization rate for solar greenhouses. In order to improve land utilization, the use of insulation materials to replace rammed earth to design and build thin-wall solar greenhouses has become a development direction. However, the specific heat capacity of insulation material walls is relatively small, and the heat storage capacity is not as good as that of thick earth walls, which leads to a rapid drop in temperature in the greenhouse at night, which is not conducive to the growth of crops. Additional heating equipment is required to maintain a suitable temperature, increasing energy consumption and production costs. In order to improve the heat storage problem of designing and building thin-wall solar greenhouses with insulation materials instead of thick earth walls, people began to build thin-wall solar greenhouses by combining insulation materials and phase change materials. However, the heat capacity of the current mainstream phase change materials is still insufficient compared to the heat demand of the greenhouse. In extreme weather conditions such as severe winter areas or continuous cloudy days, it still cannot meet the needs of maintaining a suitable temperature in the greenhouse.

[0003] The prior art discloses a patent with the announcement number CN119183838A, which discloses a mechanized vegetable cultivation solar greenhouse, including a sunken cultivation bed, a front roof and a rear wall, the top of the rear wall is inclined with a rear slope, the cultivation bed is provided with a cultivation ridge along the east-west direction, and a hanging wire is provided directly above the cultivation ridge; the angle A between the virtual line between the upper edge of the rear slope and the upper edge of the front elevation of the cultivation bed and the ground plane is -10.5°, the geographical latitude of the greenhouse. The east-west cultivation ridges in the traditional technology are solved, which will cause uneven light distribution within and between ridges due to the canopy shielding, uneven light distribution on the leaves of the plants on the north and south sides of the same ridge, and weaker light intensity on the north side than on the south side; and uneven light distribution between different ridges, and weaker light intensity on the ridges on the north side.

[0004] The existing technologies including the above patents and documents have gradually exposed their shortcomings as they are used, mainly in the following aspects: First, the walls made of thermal insulation materials replace the walls of rammed earth structures. Due to the poor heat storage capacity of thermal insulation materials, the walls made of thermal insulation materials lose their heat storage function. The heat storage of the solar greenhouse is completely borne by the soil of the cultivation beds. However, the existing facility technology cannot fully utilize the heat storage potential of the soil of the cultivation beds, and the heat demand of the greenhouse is insufficient.

[0005] Second, mechanized solar greenhouse cultivation is usually changed from the traditional north-south direction to the east-west direction. When the east-west direction is used, the cultivation rows create a shaded area behind them due to the obstruction between the canopies, resulting in the soil surface of the cultivation bed or the heat storage facilities being unable to fully receive light, further affecting the heat storage of the cultivation bed or the heat storage facilities.

[0006] Third, in order to allow the soil surface of the cultivation bed to fully receive sunlight, the existing technology usually requires a larger area to set up the soil heat storage surface, which will reduce the actual planting area to a certain extent and reduce the land utilization rate.

[0007] In summary, the prior art obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanized light and temperature high-efficiency solar greenhouse to solve the problems that the solar greenhouse with thin walls of thermal insulation materials in traditional technology has insufficient heat storage and cannot meet the demand for maintaining a suitable temperature in the greenhouse; and the number of cultivation rows in the existing mechanized solar greenhouse is difficult to coordinate with the width of the greenhouse, resulting in insufficient number of cultivation rows and low land utilization rate.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse comprises a rear wall, a gable, a front roof and a cultivation bed, wherein a plurality of V-shaped cultivation trenches are arranged in parallel in the cultivation bed; the rear wall comprises an inclined rear insulation wall and rear columns and front columns separated on both sides of the rear insulation wall.

[0010] As an optimized solution, the top end of the rear insulation wall is connected to the top end of the front column, and the bottom end of the rear insulation wall is connected to the bottom end of the rear column.

[0011] As an optimized solution, a top operating platform is connected between the top ends of the front columns and the top ends of the rear columns.

[0012] As an optimized solution, a heat storage soil platform is provided on the inner wall of the rear insulation wall near the bottom.

[0013] As an optimized solution, the rear insulation wall includes a supporting frame, a thermal insulation blanket is provided on the back of the supporting frame, and a polystyrene foam board and a reflective curtain are provided in sequence on the front of the supporting frame.

[0014] As an optimized solution, the gable comprises a supporting frame, and polystyrene foam boards are respectively provided on both sides of the supporting frame.

[0015] As an optimized solution, the angle A between the virtual line between the top of the front column and the bottom edge of the front end of the front roof and the ground plane is -10.5° at the latitude.

[0016] As an optimized solution, hanging wires are arranged in parallel at an oblique upper front portion of the cultivation ditch. The vertical distance between the hanging wires and the ground is 1.8 m. The angle B between the plane where the hanging wires and the center line of the bottom of the cultivation ditch are located and the ground is 100.5°-the latitude.

[0017] As an optimized solution, the distance s between the rear column and the front column is related to the height H of the greenhouse as follows: s≤H / tan(100.5°-latitude); The relationship between greenhouse width L and greenhouse height H is: L=H / tan(latitude -10.5°)+s.

[0018] As an optimized solution, the top edge of the cultivation ditch on one side close to the front column is on the same plane as the front column.

[0019] As an optimized solution, the depth of the cultivation ditch is 0.15 m; the upper diameter width s1 of the cultivation ditch is 0.3 / tan (66.5°-the latitude); and the angle C of the cultivation ditch is 47°+2×the latitude.

[0020] As an optimized solution, the spacing s2 between adjacent cultivation furrows is 1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude).

[0021] As an optimized solution, the relationship between the number of cultivation furrows N and the height H of the greenhouse is: H=[1.2×N×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×N×cos(100.5°-latitude)+1-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)+0.15 / tan(66.5°-latitude)+1.95 / tan(100.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)]×tan(latitude-10.5°).

[0022] As an optimized solution, the longitudinal section of the heat storage soil platform is an isosceles triangle, and the relationship between the bottom width L1 of the heat storage soil platform and the spacing s between the rear column and the front column 6 is: L1=s-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)+0.3 / tan(66.5°-latitude); The relationship between the heat storage soil platform height H1 and the number of cultivation furrows N is: H1=0.045×N / [0.3+s×tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)×tan(66.5°-latitude)].

[0023] As an optimized solution, the thickness of the polystyrene foam board is 10 to 12 cm; the reflective screen includes a silver-white aluminum-plated polyester film, and the thermal insulation quilt includes a rainproof thermal insulation quilt.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention effectively improves the problem of light blocking between canopies caused by changing the north-south row of mechanized cultivation in a solar greenhouse to an east-west row. The light intensity is evenly distributed, the crop plants intercept more sunlight, and the light energy utilization efficiency is high. Compared with the existing mechanized solar greenhouse, the indoor light intensity is increased by 23.1 percentage points; (2) The present invention solves the problem that existing solar greenhouses without thick earth walls have insufficient heat storage and cannot meet the requirements for maintaining a suitable temperature in the greenhouse; the soil heat storage area of ​​the cultivation bed of the present invention is large, and the light directly intercepted by the soil surface is sufficient. Compared with the existing mechanized solar greenhouse, the light received by the soil surface of the cultivation bed is increased by 44.4 percentage points, ensuring that the soil of the cultivation bed can fully store heat; the heat storage and thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse is represented by the lowest temperature at night. When the outdoor temperature is -15.6℃ to -14.9℃, the lowest temperature of the greenhouse of the present invention is 13.4℃ to 13.6℃, ​​which is 3.0℃ to 3.2℃ higher than that of the non-thick earth wall mechanized solar greenhouse, and the heat storage and thermal insulation performance is equivalent to that of the excavated earth wall solar greenhouse; (3) The present invention solves the problems of low cultivation density and low relative land utilization rate in existing mechanized cultivation solar greenhouses; on the premise of ensuring heat storage auxiliary facilities and sufficient soil surface of the cultivation bed to receive sunlight, the planting space layout is optimized, the number of cultivation rows is increased, and the relative soil utilization rate is improved to the greatest extent; taking the prior art with announcement number CN119183838A as an example, the effective planting area width of the prior art is 12.03m, and 6 rows are cultivated; the effective planting area width of the present invention is 11.8m, and 8 rows are cultivated. The relative soil utilization rate of the present invention is improved by 39% compared with the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear insulation wall of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gable of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a parameter schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1-front roof; 2-top operating table; 3-heat storage soil platform; 4-hanging wire; 5-rear column; 6-front column; 7-rear insulation wall; 8-cultivation ditch; 9-support frame; 10-polystyrene foam board; 11-insulation blanket; 12-reflective curtain; 13-gable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1, like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse includes a rear wall, a gable 13, a front roof 1 and a cultivation bed, in which a plurality of V-shaped cultivation trenches 8 are arranged in parallel; the rear wall includes an inclined rear insulation wall 7 and rear columns 5 and front columns 6 separated on both sides of the rear insulation wall 7.

[0030] The top end of the rear insulation wall 7 is connected to the top end of the front column 6 , and the bottom end of the rear insulation wall 7 is connected to the bottom end of the rear column 5 .

[0031] A top operating platform 2 is connected between the top ends of the front columns 6 and the rear columns 5 .

[0032] A heat storage soil platform 3 is provided on the inner wall of the rear insulation wall 7 near the bottom.

[0033] The rear insulation wall 7 comprises a support frame 9 , a heat preservation blanket 11 is arranged on the back of the support frame 9 , and a polystyrene foam board 10 and a reflective curtain 12 are arranged in sequence on the front of the support frame 9 .

[0034] The gable 13 includes a supporting frame 9 , and polystyrene foam boards 10 are respectively provided on both sides of the supporting frame 9 .

[0035] The angle A between the virtual line between the top end of the front column 6 and the bottom edge of the front end of the front roof 1 and the ground plane is -10.5° at the latitude.

[0036] A vine hanging wire 4 is arranged in parallel at an oblique upper front portion of the cultivation ditch 8. The vertical distance between the vine hanging wire 4 and the ground is 1.8 m. The angle B between the plane where the vine hanging wire 4 and the center line of the bottom of the cultivation ditch 8 are located and the ground is 100.5°-the latitude.

[0037] The distance s between the rear column 5 and the front column 6 is related to the height H of the greenhouse as follows: s≤H / tan(100.5°-latitude); The relationship between greenhouse width L and greenhouse height H is: L=H / tan(latitude -10.5°)+s.

[0038] The top edge of one side of the cultivation ditch 8 close to the front column 6 is on the same plane as the front column 6 .

[0039] The depth of the cultivation ditch 8 is 0.15 m; the upper diameter width s1 of the cultivation ditch 8 is 0.3 / tan (66.5°-the latitude); and the angle C of the cultivation ditch 8 is 47°+2×the latitude.

[0040] The spacing s2 between adjacent cultivation trenches 8 is 1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude).

[0041] The relationship between the number N of cultivation furrows 8 and the height H of the greenhouse is: H=[1.2×N×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×N×cos(100.5°-latitude)+1-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)+0.15 / tan(66.5°-latitude)+1.95 / tan(100.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)]×tan(latitude-10.5°).

[0042] The longitudinal section of the heat storage soil platform 3 is an isosceles triangle. The relationship between the bottom width L1 of the heat storage soil platform 3 and the spacing s between the rear column 5 and the front column 6 is: L1=s-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)+0.3 / tan(66.5°-latitude); The relationship between the height H1 of the heat storage soil platform 3 and the number N of the cultivation furrows 8 is: H1=0.045×N / [0.3+s×tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)×tan(66.5°-latitude)].

[0043] The thickness of the polystyrene foam board 10 is 10-12 cm; the reflective screen 12 comprises a silver-white aluminum-plated polyester film, and the thermal insulation blanket 11 comprises a rainproof thermal insulation blanket.

[0044] Among them, the units of greenhouse width, greenhouse height, upper diameter width of cultivation ditch 8, distance between two adjacent cultivation ditches 8, height of heat storage soil platform 3, bottom width of heat storage soil platform 3, distance between front column 6 and rear column 5 are all m; N is an integer; "latitude" refers to the geographical latitude of the greenhouse. After determining the above parameters, the solar greenhouse is constructed, and the thermal conductivity of the rainproof and thermal insulation blanket is 0.03~0.06W / (m·K).

[0045] Embodiment 2, A solar greenhouse with an interior length of 200 m from east to west was built at a location at 37° north latitude according to the scheme of Example 1. The solar greenhouse included a rear wall, a gable, a cultivation bed, a front roof 1, a top operating table 2, a heat storage soil platform 3 and a vine hanging wire 4.

[0046] The highest point of the rear column 5 and the front column 6 is the same as the highest point of the front roof 1; the cultivation bed is provided with 8 cultivation trenches 8 from south to north, and the longitudinal section of the cultivation trench 8 is V-shaped, the height of the V-shape is 0.15m, and the angle C is equal to 121°; the vertical distance between the hanging wire 4 and the ground is 1.8m, and the angle B between the plane where the hanging wire 4 and the center line of the bottom of the cultivation trench 8 are located and the ground is 63.5°; the angle A between the virtual line between the top of the front column 6 and the bottom edge of the front end of the front roof 1 and the ground plane is 26.5°.

[0047] Based on the geographical latitude of 37°, the number of cultivation furrows 8 and the above known parameters, the following parameters are determined: The upper diameter width s1 of the cultivation ditch 8: s1=0.3 / tan29.5°≈0.53m.

[0048] The distance between two adjacent cultivation trenches 8 is s2: s2=1.2×sin63.5° / tan29.5°-1.2×cos63.5°≈1.363m.

[0049] Greenhouse height H: H=[1.2×8×sin63.5° / tan29.5°-1.2×8×cos63.5°+1-1.2×sin63.5° / tan29.5°+0.15 / tan29.5°+1.95 / tan63.5°+1.2×cos63.5°]×tan26.5°≈5.9m The distance s between the rear column 5 and the front column 6 is: s≤5.9 / tan63.5° ≈2.94m, that is, s≤2.94m, Taking into account the land utilization rate, the difficulty of people working on the top operating platform, and other factors affecting the efficient use of light and temperature, s is taken as 1.8m.

[0050] Thermal storage soil platform 3 bottom width L1: L1=1.8-1.2×sin63.5° / tan29.5°+1.2×cos63.5°+0.3 / tan29.5° ≈1.0m Height H1 of heat storage soil platform 3: H1=0.045×8 / [0.3+1.8×tan29.5°-1.2×sin63.5°+1.2×cos63.5°×tan29.5°]≈0.66m Greenhouse width L: L=5.9 / tan26.5°+1.8≈13.6m.

[0051] After determining the above parameters, a solar greenhouse is constructed, wherein the rear insulation wall 7 is composed of a support frame 9, a polystyrene foam board 10 with a thickness of 12 cm, a rainproof insulation blanket with a thermal conductivity of 0.05 W / (m·K), and a reflective curtain 12. The polystyrene foam board 10 is fixed on the support frame 9, the insulation blanket 11 is fixed on the outside of the polystyrene foam board 10, and the reflective curtain 12 is fixed on the inside of the polystyrene foam board 10; the top operating table 2 is set on the top of the rear column 5 and the front column 6; a cultivation ditch 8 is set along the east-west direction, and the soil of the cultivation ditch 8 dug down is connected along the rear insulation wall 7 A heat storage soil platform 3 is piled up on the inner side, and the parameters of the cultivation ditch 8 and the heat storage soil platform 3 all meet the above requirements; a hanging vine wire 4 is set obliquely above the front of the cultivation ditch 8, and its parameters meet the above requirements; the gable is composed of a supporting frame 9 and two layers of polystyrene foam boards 10, and the thickness of the two layers of polystyrene foam boards 10 is 12 cm, and the two layers of polystyrene foam boards 10 are fixed on the supporting frame 9; the reflective curtain 12 is made of silver-white aluminum-plated polyester film, and the aluminum-plated layer faces the cultivation bed during installation. The upper end of the reflective curtain 12 is fixed to the top of the front roof 1, and the middle and lower ends are fixed with pressure strips.

[0052] Comparative Example 1, A horizontal solar greenhouse with the same height, width, front roof 1, rear column 5, front column 6, and top operating table 2 as those in Example 2 is built at a place at 37° north latitude. The interior of the greenhouse is 200m long from east to west, the width of the greenhouse is 13.6m, and the height is 5.9m. The distance s between the rear column 5 and the front column 6 is 1.8m. The relationship between the width L of the greenhouse and the height H of the greenhouse meets the requirement of L=H / tan(the latitude -10.5°)+s; the angle A between the virtual line between the top of the front column 6 and the bottom of the south end of the front roof 1 of the greenhouse and the ground plane is 26.5°; the rear column 5, the front column 6, and the support frame 9 are arranged in the same manner as in Example 2; the rear insulation wall 7, the gable, and the top operating table 2 The setting is the same as in Example 2; the cultivation bed is a floor-type cultivation bed, divided into 8 cultivation rows along the east-west direction, from south to north: cultivation row ①, cultivation row ②, cultivation row ③, cultivation row ④, cultivation row ⑤, cultivation row ⑥, cultivation row ⑦, cultivation row ⑧, the vertical distance between cultivation row ⑧ and the virtual plane where the front column is located is 0.265m, and the other cultivation rows are distributed in sequence to the south, and the spacing between adjacent cultivation rows is 1.363m; the hanging vine wire 4 is arranged directly above the cultivation row, and the vertical distance from the ground is 1.8m; there is no heat storage soil platform.

[0053] Test Example 1, In December 2023, the soil surface of the cultivation bed and the light environment of the plant canopy and the minimum indoor temperature were measured in the solar greenhouses shown in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1. Tomatoes were planted in two solar greenhouses (transplanted on September 10, 2023), planted in single rows, along the cultivation ditch 8 or in the middle of the cultivation row area, 667m 2 1800 to 2000 plants were planted, and 30 days after planting, Example 2 was tilted and the comparative example 1 was vertically hung, and the varieties and other cultivation methods were exactly the same. Within 10 days before and after the winter solstice, the height of the plant growth point was controlled by dropping the plants, and the length from the plant growth point to the ground along the hanging rope was controlled to be no more than 1.2m.

[0054] Light environment measurement: One test plant was selected in each row from south to north in the middle of the two greenhouses, and two test points were determined for each plant, namely: a, the junction between the plant and the ground, and b, the growth point of the plant. The light intensity was measured using a ST-80C portable illuminance meter (accuracy: ±3%); the light intensity at each monitoring point was measured at noon (12:00) on the winter solstice, and the monitoring results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Minimum temperature measurement: Detect the minimum indoor temperature from December 1st to 31st; use RC-5+ temperature recorder (resolution 0.1 degree) to automatically measure and record; the temperature recorder is hung in the middle of each greenhouse along the east-west direction and below the frame 0.5m near the front bottom corner of the greenhouse, and the temperature recorder is 0.5m away from the frame. And hang a temperature recorder at the same height outdoors to monitor the outdoor temperature. At the same time, select a down-cut earth wall solar greenhouse with a height and internal span basically the same as Example 2 and hang a temperature recorder at the same position as Example 2 to monitor the minimum indoor temperature.

[0056] Table 1 Light environment measurement results

[0057] From Table 1, the light intensity monitoring results at the junction of the plant and the ground in the greenhouse of Example 2 are consistent, with an average value of 322.8 μmol / (m 2 ·s); the light intensity monitoring results at the plant growth point b were consistent, with an average value of 323.4μmol / (m 2 s), there is no difference in the light intensity monitoring results at the junction of the plant and the ground and at the plant growth point. The light intensity distribution of the greenhouse in Example 2 is uniform, and the whole crop can evenly intercept the sunlight. In particular, the heat storage area of ​​the cultivation bed soil is large, and the sunlight intercepted by the soil surface is sufficient, and the soil can fully store heat. At the same time, the heat storage soil platform 3 can also intercept enough sunlight. The crops and the soil surface in the greenhouse can intercept sufficient sunlight. The crops intercept the light for photosynthesis, and the soil surface intercepts the light for heat storage. The light energy utilization efficiency of the greenhouse is high.

[0058] In the greenhouse of comparative example 1, the light intensity monitoring results at the junction of the plant and the ground were consistent, with an average value of 179.5 μmol / (m 2 ·s); the light intensity monitoring results at the plant growth point b were consistent, with an average value of 317.3μmol / (m 2 ·s), the light intensity monitoring results at the junction of the plant and the ground and at the plant growth point were significantly different. The light intensity distribution in the greenhouse of Comparative Example 1 was uneven, especially the small heat storage surface of the cultivation bed soil, and the insufficient solar light intercepted by the soil surface, which seriously affected the soil heat storage.

[0059] Example 2 The average light intensity at each monitoring point in the greenhouse is 323.1 μmol / (m 2 ·s), the coefficient of variation was 0.6%, and the light intensity was evenly distributed; the average light intensity at each monitoring point in the greenhouse of comparative example 1 was 248.4μmol / (m 2·s), the coefficient of variation is 28.7%, and the light intensity distribution is uneven. The indoor light intensity of Example 2 is increased by 23.1 percentage points. The light intensity variation coefficient of Example 2 is much smaller than that of Comparative Example 1, which shows that the present invention effectively improves the problem of light blocking between the canopies of the solar greenhouse, and the light distribution and light intensity within and between rows tend to be uniform.

[0060] Example 2: In the greenhouse, the average light intensity at the junction of the plant and the ground is 322.8 μmol / (m 2 ·s), in the greenhouse of comparative example 1, the average light intensity at the junction of the plant and the ground was 179.5μmol / (m 2 ·s), the light received by the soil surface of the cultivation bed in Example 2 increased by 44.4 percentage points.

[0061] Example 2: In the greenhouse, the average light intensity b at the plant growth point is 323.4 μmol / (m 2 ·s), in the greenhouse of comparative example 1, the average light intensity b at the plant growth point was 317.3 μmol / (m 2 ·s), there is no difference between the two.

[0062] Shouguang City experienced cold wave weather from December 14 to 18. On the 18th, the lowest outdoor temperature was -15.6°C. The lowest temperature of the greenhouse of the present invention was 13.5°C, the traditional non-thick earth wall greenhouse was 10.3°C, and the digging earth wall solar greenhouse was 13.4°C. The present invention was 3.2°C higher than the traditional non-thick earth wall greenhouse, which was equivalent to the digging earth wall solar greenhouse. Shouguang City experienced continuous low temperature weather from December 21 to 23. On the 21st, the lowest outdoor temperature was -14.9°C. The lowest temperature of the greenhouse of the present invention was 13.6°C, the traditional non-thick earth wall greenhouse was 10.6°C, and the digging earth wall solar greenhouse was 13.5°C. The present invention was 3.0°C higher than the traditional non-thick earth wall greenhouse, which was equivalent to the digging earth wall solar greenhouse. From the above two occurrences of cold wave weather, it can be seen that the greenhouse of the present invention has good heat storage and heat preservation performance and can completely replace the digging earth wall solar greenhouse.

[0063] In summary, the heat storage and heat preservation capacity of the non-thick earth wall solar greenhouse of the present invention is equivalent to that of the dig-down earth wall solar greenhouse, and the light distribution and light intensity in the greenhouse tend to be uniform and consistent, and the light energy utilization efficiency is high.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse, comprising a rear wall, a gable (13), a front roof (1) and a cultivation bed, characterized in that: A plurality of V-shaped cultivation trenches (8) are arranged in parallel in the cultivation bed; the rear wall comprises an inclined rear insulation wall (7) and rear columns (5) and front columns (6) located on both sides of the rear insulation wall (7).

2. A mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the rear insulation wall (7) is connected to the top end of the front column (6), and the bottom end of the rear insulation wall (7) is connected to the bottom end of the rear column (5).

3. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear insulation wall (7) comprises a support frame (9), a thermal insulation blanket (11) is provided on the back of the support frame (9), and a polystyrene foam board (10) and a reflective curtain (12) are provided in sequence on the front of the support frame (9); The gable (13) comprises a supporting frame (9), and polystyrene foam boards (10) are respectively provided on both sides of the supporting frame (9).

4. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle A between the virtual line between the top end of the front column (6) and the bottom edge of the front end of the front roof (1) and the ground plane is -10.5° at the latitude.

5. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vine hanging steel wire (4) is arranged in parallel at an oblique upper front portion of the cultivation trench (8), the vertical distance between the vine hanging steel wire (4) and the ground is 1.8 m, and the angle B between the plane where the vine hanging steel wire (4) and the center line of the bottom of the cultivation trench (8) are located and the ground is 100.5°-the latitude.

6. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance s between the rear column (5) and the front column (6) is related to the height H of the greenhouse in the following manner: s≤H / tan(100.5°-the latitude); The relationship between greenhouse width L and greenhouse height H is: L=H / tan(latitude -10.5°)+s.

7. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top edge of one side of the cultivation ditch (8) close to the front column (6) is on the same plane as the front column (6).

8. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the cultivation ditch (8) is 0.15 m; the upper diameter width s1 of the cultivation ditch (8) is 0.3 / tan (66.5°-the latitude); the angle C of the cultivation ditch (8) is 47°+2×the latitude; The spacing s2 between adjacent cultivation trenches (8) is 1.2×sin(100.5°-the latitude) / tan(66.5°-the latitude)-1.2×cos(100.5°-the latitude).

9. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relationship between the number N of the cultivation furrows (8) and the height H of the greenhouse is: H=[1.2×N×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×N×cos(100.5°-latitude)+1-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)+0.15 / tan(66.5°-latitude)+1.95 / tan(100.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)]×tan(latitude-10.5°).

10. The mechanized light and temperature efficient solar greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat storage soil platform (3) is provided on the inner wall of the rear insulation wall (7) near the bottom end. The longitudinal section of the heat storage soil platform (3) is arranged in the form of an isosceles triangle. The bottom width L1 of the heat storage soil platform (3) and the spacing s between the rear column (5) and the front column 6 are in the following relationship: L1=s-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude) / tan(66.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)+0.3 / tan(66.5°-latitude); The relationship between the height H1 of the heat storage soil platform (3) and the number N of cultivation furrows (8) is: H1=0.045×N / [0.3+s×tan(66.5°-latitude)-1.2×sin(100.5°-latitude)+1.2×cos(100.5°-latitude)×tan(66.5°-latitude)].

Images