Aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dot and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dot and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of perovskite quantum dots. The preparation method of the aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dot comprises the following steps: S1, sufficiently and uniformly mixing an aluminum source and a metal source, performing high-temperature calcination, and cooling to obtain aluminate; s2, mixing a lead source, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 1-octadecene, oleylamine and oleic acid, adding a cesium source, carrying out a first microwave reaction, and rapidly cooling after the reaction is finished; then adding aluminate, carrying out a second microwave reaction, and rapidly cooling after the reaction is finished, so as to obtain a mixed solution; and S3, centrifuging the mixed solution, collecting a solid, washing with a first organic solvent, centrifuging, collecting the solid, and dispersing in a second organic solvent for storage. The aluminate is compounded with the perovskite quantum dots, so that the light-emitting quantum efficiency of the perovskite quantum dots can be improved, and meanwhile, the light stability, the polar environment stability and the thermal stability of the perovskite quantum dots are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of perovskite quantum dots, and in particular to an aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dot and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots have potential application prospects in the fields of solar cells, photodetectors and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their excellent optoelectronic properties such as high defect tolerance, long carrier diffusion distance, simple synthesis method, high photoluminescence quantum yield, high color purity, high absorption efficiency and adjustable band gap. All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbX3) has instability due to its ionic properties and surface defects, which is mainly manifested in: (1) poor stability in polar environments. The perovskite material is easily decomposed when encountering polar solvents, and the original fluorescence will weaken or even disappear; (2) poor thermal stability. As the temperature gradually increases, the luminescence intensity of the perovskite material gradually decays; (3) poor photostability. The luminescence performance of the perovskite material will decrease due to long-term ultraviolet light irradiation. These key issues limit their practical application and commercialization in some environments. Therefore, it is very important to improve the stability of perovskite quantum dots. At present, many methods have been proposed to improve its stability, such as using silica, cellulose, metal-organic frameworks, halides, organic polymers, etc. to encapsulate perovskite quantum dots, which have improved the stability of perovskite quantum dots in some aspects. However, there is a lack of relevant research on using aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots to simultaneously improve their stability in light, heat, and polar environments. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides an aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein aluminate is composited on the surface of the perovskite quantum dots. Based on the protection of the aluminate, the photostability, thermal stability, and environmental stability such as resistance to polar solvents and oxidation resistance of the perovskite quantum dots are significantly improved. At the same time, the aluminate composite also limits the size of the perovskite quantum dots, reduces the surface defects of the perovskite quantum dots, and improves the luminescence quantum efficiency of the perovskite quantum dots, which can effectively overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1, after fully mixing the aluminum source and the metal source, calcining at high temperature, and obtaining aluminate after cooling;

[0006] S2, mixing a lead source, diethylene glycol butyl ether, 1-octadecene, oleylamine, and oleic acid, adding a cesium source, performing a first microwave reaction, and rapidly cooling after the reaction is completed; then adding aluminate, performing a second microwave reaction, and rapidly cooling after the reaction is completed to obtain a mixed solution;

[0007] S3. Collect the solid after centrifuging the mixed solution, wash it with the first organic solvent and then centrifuge it again to collect the solid, and then disperse it in the second organic solvent for storage to obtain aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots.

[0008] Aluminates have excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high melting point, small thermal expansion coefficient, high hardness, good thermal stability, chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and oxidation resistance. Therefore, composite aluminates on the surface of inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots are also an effective method to improve the light, heat, and environmental stability of quantum dots. The aluminates in the present application include metal elements and non-metal elements, wherein the non-metal element is O element, and the metal elements include one or more of Ca, Ba, Sr, Mg, and Zn in addition to Al element.

[0009] Preferably, in step S1, the aluminum source is Al2O3 and / or Al(OH)3; the metal source is selected from at least one of CaO, BaO, SrO, MgO, ZnO, CaCO3, BaCO3, SrCO3, MgCO3, and ZnCO3; or

[0010] The molar ratio of the aluminum element in the aluminum source to the metal element in the metal source is 4:1 to 1:2; or

[0011] The calcination temperature is 1200-1400° C., and the calcination time is 3-8 hours.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the lead source is selected from at least one of PbCl2, PbBr2, and PbI2; or

[0013] The molar ratio of diethylene glycol butyl ether to the lead source is 40:1-500:1, the volume ratio of diethylene glycol butyl ether to 1-octadecene is 2:1-1:2, the volume ratio of 1-octadecene to oleic acid is 5:1-20:1, and the volume ratio of 1-octadecene to oleylamine is 5:1-20:1.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the first microwave reaction temperature is 140-200° C., and the first microwave constant temperature reaction time is 5-120 min.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the second microwave reaction temperature is 150-210° C., and the second microwave constant temperature reaction time is 5-140 min.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the cesium source is selected from at least one of CsCl, CsBr, CsI, and Cs2CO3; or

[0017] The molar ratio of the cesium element in the cesium source to the lead element in the lead source is 0.3:1 to 2:1.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of the aluminate to the cesium source is 2:1 to 10:1.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the centrifugal speed is 8000-12000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 5-10 min; or

[0020] The first organic reagent is ethyl acetate, and the washing times are 2 to 3 times; or

[0021] The second organic reagent is selected from cyclohexane, n-hexane and toluene. Specifically, the volume is 10-20 mL.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application also provides an aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dot prepared according to the above preparation method. Specifically, the chemical expression of the perovskite quantum dot is CsPbX3; wherein the element at the X position is one or more of Cl, Br, and I.

[0023] The third aspect of the present application also provides an application of the above-mentioned aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots in the fields of light emitting diodes (LEDs), fluorescence sensors, solar cells, and fluorescence marking.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The principle of the method of the present application is to prepare aluminate by high temperature solid phase method, prepare inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots by microwave synthesis method, mix lead halide perovskite quantum dots and aluminate evenly, and compound aluminate on the surface of perovskite quantum dots after microwave reaction. Aluminate has good protection for lead halide perovskite due to its high strength, hardness, thermal stability, corrosion resistance and other physical and chemical properties, so that the composite lead halide perovskite has greatly improved thermal stability, light stability and polar environment stability; at the same time, aluminate compounding can further limit the size of perovskite quantum dots, reduce the surface defects of perovskite quantum dots, and significantly improve the luminescence quantum efficiency of perovskite quantum dots.

[0026] 2. The preparation method of the present application is simple, easy to operate and implement, and suitable for large-scale production. The aluminate composite halogen perovskite quantum dots have strong emission spectra of purple, blue, green, yellow and red light, high luminescence quantum efficiency and narrow half-peak width; the present application adopts aluminate as external protection, which not only controls the size of the quantum dots and ensures the uniformity of the quantum dots, but also has very good photostability, thermal stability and polar environment stability; the aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots prepared by the method of the present application have good application prospects in the fields of LED, photocatalysis, sensing, fluorescent labeling, biological imaging, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the description of the present application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 The photos of CsPbBr3 quantum dots composited with calcium aluminate, left: under sunlight, right: under 365nm ultraviolet light;

[0029] Figure 2 The fluorescence spectra of CsPbBr3 quantum dots before and after calcium aluminate composite;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a transmission electron microscopy image of CsPbBr3 quantum dots composited with calcium aluminate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the numerical value set forth in these embodiments does not limit the scope of the application. The technology and method known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology and method should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the examples of this application are all conventional methods.

[0034] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials can be obtained by commercial purchase or conventional methods.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The preparation of calcium aluminate composite CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Weigh 102.0000 g of Al2O3 and 56.0000 g of CaO, transfer them to a crucible after fully stirring, place them in a muffle furnace and calcine them at 1200°C for 4 h, then take out the sample and cool it to obtain calcium aluminate;

[0038] S2. Weigh 0.1668 g of PbBr2 into a microwave reaction bottle, and pipette 5.00 mL of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 5.00 mL of 1-octadecene, 0.50 mL of oleylamine, and 0.50 mL of oleic acid into the reaction bottle in sequence;

[0039] S3, weigh 0.0326 g of Cs2CO3 into the above reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 160°C for 25 min, then cool to 71°C and quickly take out, and quickly cool in an ice water bath;

[0040] S4, add 0.0652 g of calcium aluminate prepared in step S1 to the above cooled reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put it into a microwave synthesizer, react at 160° C. for 25 min, then cool to 71° C. and quickly take it out and cool it quickly in an ice water bath;

[0041] S5. Pour all the cooled samples into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 8500 rpm for 8 min. Wash the solid obtained by centrifugation twice with ethyl acetate and centrifuge at 8500 rpm for 8 min. Disperse the solid obtained by centrifugation in 15 mL of cyclohexane to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots (such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,Table 1, Figure 3 shown).

[0042] The luminescence quantum efficiency of the calcium aluminate composite CsPbBr3 quantum dots obtained in this example is 95% after being detected by a fluorescence instrument integrating sphere; the fluorescence intensity of the calcium aluminate composite CsPbBr3 quantum dots obtained in this example can still be maintained at 80% after being irradiated with 365nm LED ultraviolet light for 1500h at 25℃ and 40% humidity; the fluorescence intensity of the calcium aluminate composite CsPbBr3 quantum dots obtained in this example at 150℃ is 75% of that at 25℃. The calcium aluminate composite CsPbBr3 quantum dots obtained in this example are placed in a mixed solution of ethanol-water-cyclohexane, and the fluorescence intensity is 61% of the initial fluorescence intensity after 30 days.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The preparation of magnesium aluminate composite CsPbCl3 perovskite quantum dots comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Weigh 102.0000 g of Al2O3 and 0.1500 g of MgO2, transfer them to a crucible after fully stirring, place them in a muffle furnace and calcine at 1250°C for 5 h, then take out the sample and cool it to obtain magnesium aluminate;

[0046] S2. Weigh 0.1391 g of PbCl2 into a microwave reaction bottle, and pipette 6.00 mL of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 5.50 mL of 1-octadecene, 0.70 mL of oleylamine, and 0.80 mL of oleic acid into the reaction bottle in sequence;

[0047] S3, weigh 0.0421 g of CsCl into the above reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 160°C for 25 min, then cool to 71°C and quickly take out, and cool quickly in an ice water bath;

[0048] S4, add 0.1263 g of magnesium aluminate prepared in step S1 to the cooled reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 160° C. for 25 min, then cool to 71° C. and quickly take out, and cool rapidly in an ice water bath;

[0049] S5. Pour all the cooled samples into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 9000 rpm for 6 min. Wash the solid obtained by centrifugation twice with ethyl acetate and centrifuge at 9000 rpm for 6 min. Disperse the solid obtained by centrifugation in 10 mL of cyclohexane to obtain magnesium aluminate-complexed CsPbCl3 quantum dots.

[0050] The luminous quantum efficiency of the CsPbCl3 quantum dots composited with magnesium aluminate obtained in this embodiment is 55% after being detected by a fluorescence instrument integrating sphere; the fluorescence intensity of the CsPbCl3 quantum dots composited with magnesium aluminate obtained in this embodiment can still be maintained at 70% after being irradiated with 365nm LED ultraviolet light for 1000h at 25°C and 40% humidity; the fluorescence intensity of the CsPbCl3 quantum dots composited with magnesium aluminate obtained in this embodiment at 130°C is 60% of that at 25°C. The CsPbCl3 quantum dots composited with magnesium aluminate obtained in this embodiment is placed in a mixed solution of ethanol-water-cyclohexane, and the fluorescence intensity is 52% of the initial fluorescence intensity after 30 days.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The preparation of CsPb(Cl / Br)3 perovskite quantum dots composited with zinc calcium aluminate comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1. Weigh 143.0000 g of Al2O3, 78.0000 g of ZnO and 24.0000 g of CaCO3, stir them thoroughly and transfer them to a crucible. Place them in a muffle furnace and calcine them at 1400°C for 7 h. Then take out the sample and cool it to obtain calcium zinc aluminate.

[0054] S2. Weigh 0.0804 g of PbBr2 and 0.1256 g of PbCl2 into a microwave reaction bottle, and then pipette 7.00 mL of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 6.00 mL of 1-octadecene, 0.4 mL of oleylamine, and 0.50 mL of oleic acid into the reaction bottle in sequence;

[0055] S3, weigh 0.0748 g of CsCl into the above reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 155°C for 55 min, then cool to 71°C and quickly take out, and quickly cool in an ice water bath;

[0056] S4, add 0.2618 g of calcium zinc aluminate prepared in step S1 to the cooled reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 155° C. for 55 min, then cool to 71° C. and quickly take out, and cool rapidly in an ice water bath;

[0057] S5. Pour all the cooled samples into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 9500 rpm for 10 min. Wash the solid obtained by centrifugation twice with ethyl acetate and centrifuge at 9500 rpm for 10 min. Disperse the solid obtained by centrifugation in 15 mL of toluene to obtain CsPb(Cl / Br)3 quantum dots composited with zinc calcium aluminate.

[0058] The luminous quantum efficiency of the CsPb(Cl / Br)3 quantum dots composited with zinc calcium aluminate obtained in this embodiment is 75% after being detected by a fluorescence instrument integrating sphere; the fluorescence intensity of the CsPb(Cl / Br)3 quantum dots composited with zinc calcium aluminate obtained in this embodiment can still be maintained at 76% after being irradiated with 365nm LED ultraviolet light for 1400h at 25℃ and 40% humidity; the fluorescence intensity of the CsPb(Cl / Br)3 quantum dots composited with zinc calcium aluminate obtained in this embodiment at 135℃ is 68% of that at 25℃. The CsPb(Cl / Br)3 quantum dots composited with zinc calcium aluminate obtained in this embodiment is placed in a mixed solution of ethanol-water-toluene, and the fluorescence intensity is 57% of the initial fluorescence intensity after 30 days.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] The preparation of CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots composited with barium aluminate comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. Weigh 94.0000 g of Al2O3 and 128.0000 g of BaCO3, stir them thoroughly and transfer them to a crucible. Place them in a muffle furnace and calcine them at 1350°C for 6 h. Then take out the sample and cool it to obtain barium aluminate.

[0062] S2. Weigh 0.2558 g of PbI2 into a microwave reaction bottle, and pipette 9.00 mL of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 10.00 mL of 1-octadecene, 1.50 mL of oleylamine, and 1.00 mL of oleic acid into the reaction bottle in sequence;

[0063] S3, weigh 0.0498 g of Cs2CO3 into the above reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 195°C for 80 min, then cool to 71°C and quickly take out, and cool quickly in an ice water bath;

[0064] S4, add 0.2092 g of barium aluminate prepared in step S1 to the above cooled reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 195° C. for 80 min, then cool to 71° C. and quickly take out, and quickly cool in an ice water bath;

[0065] S5. Pour all the cooled samples into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 11000 rpm for 10 min. Wash the solid obtained by centrifugation three times with ethyl acetate and centrifuge at 11000 rpm for 10 min. Disperse the solid obtained by centrifugation in 20 mL of cyclohexane to obtain barium aluminate-complexed CsPbI3 quantum dots.

[0066] The luminous quantum efficiency of the barium aluminate-complexed CsPbI3 quantum dots obtained in this example is 88% after being detected by a fluorescence meter integrating sphere; the fluorescence intensity of the barium aluminate-complexed CsPbI3 quantum dots obtained in this example can still be maintained at 74% after being irradiated with 365nm LED ultraviolet light for 1300h at 25°C and 40% humidity; the fluorescence intensity of the barium aluminate-complexed CsPbI3 quantum dots obtained in this example at 130°C is 73% of that at 25°C. The barium aluminate-complexed CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots obtained in this example are placed in a mixed solution of ethanol-water-cyclohexane, and the fluorescence intensity is 53% of the initial fluorescence intensity after 30 days.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] The preparation of CsPb(Br / I)3 perovskite quantum dots composited with strontium aluminate comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1. Weigh 95.0000 g of Al(OH)3 and 0.0000 g of SrO6, stir them thoroughly and transfer them to a crucible. Place them in a muffle furnace and calcine them at 1300 °C for 4 h. Then take out the sample and cool it to obtain strontium aluminate.

[0070] S2. Weigh 0.1055 g of PbBr2 and 0.0745 g of PbI2 into a microwave reaction bottle, and sequentially pipette 10.00 mL of diethylene glycol butyl ether, 7.00 mL of 1-octadecene, 1.00 mL of oleylamine, and 1.00 mL of oleic acid into the reaction bottle;

[0071] S3, weigh 0.0353 g of CsBr and 0.0567 g of CsI into the above reaction bottle, mix thoroughly, put into a microwave synthesizer, react at 190°C for 60 min, then cool to 71°C and quickly take out, and quickly cool in an ice water bath;

[0072] S4, adding 0.3680 g of strontium aluminate prepared in step S1 to the above cooled reaction bottle, mixing thoroughly, placing in a microwave synthesizer, reacting at 190° C. for 60 min, then cooling to 71° C. and quickly taking out, and cooling rapidly in an ice water bath;

[0073] S5. Pour all the cooled samples into a centrifuge tube and centrifuge at 11500 rpm for 5 min. Wash the solid obtained by centrifugation twice with ethyl acetate and centrifuge at 11500 rpm for 5 min. Disperse the solid obtained by centrifugation in 10 mL of n-hexane to obtain CsPb(Br / I)3 quantum dots composited with strontium aluminate.

[0074] The luminescence quantum efficiency of the strontium aluminate-complexed CsPb(Br / I)3 quantum dots obtained in this example is 86% after being detected by a fluorescence instrument integrating sphere; the fluorescence intensity of the strontium aluminate-complexed CsPb(Br / I)3 quantum dots obtained in this example can still be maintained at 77% after being irradiated with 365nm LED ultraviolet light for 1500h at 25°C and 40% humidity; the fluorescence intensity of the strontium aluminate-complexed CsPb(Br / I)3 perovskite quantum dots obtained in this example at 150°C is 72% of that at 25°C. The strontium aluminate-complexed CsPb(Br / I)3 perovskite quantum dots obtained in this example are placed in a mixed solution of ethanol-water-n-hexane, and the fluorescence intensity is 55% of the initial fluorescence intensity after 30 days.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] The preparation method of CsPbBr3 quantum dots provided in this comparative example can refer to Example 1, except that calcium aluminate is not compounded.

[0077] Test Case

[0078] Table 1 shows the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength and half-peak width of CsPbBr3 quantum dots before and after calcium aluminate composite.

[0079] Table 1

[0080] <![CDATA[CsPbBr3 quantum dots]]> Fluorescence maximum emission wavelength (nm) Half peak width (nm) Uncompounded 517 20.30 Calcium aluminate composite 519 19.19

[0081] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the CsPbBr3 quantum dots after calcium aluminate composite are well dispersed in cyclohexane and emit bright green light under 365nm ultraviolet light. Figure 2 As shown in Table 2, compared with the uncompounded CsPbBr3 quantum dots, the fluorescence emission intensity of the composite quantum dots is significantly enhanced, and the half-peak width of the fluorescence emission peak is reduced, which means that the color purity is higher. Therefore, the CsPbBr3 quantum dots composited with calcium aluminate have better effects in enhancing imaging contrast, reducing background noise, and improving the color purity of display devices in practical applications. Figure 3 It can be seen that highly stable aluminates compounded on the surface of perovskite materials can provide good environmental protection effects for perovskite materials.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, after fully mixing the aluminum source and the metal source, calcining at high temperature, and obtaining aluminate after cooling; S2, mixing a lead source, diethylene glycol butyl ether, 1-octadecene, oleylamine, and oleic acid, adding a cesium source, performing a first microwave reaction, and rapidly cooling after the reaction is completed; then adding aluminate, performing a second microwave reaction, and rapidly cooling after the reaction is completed to obtain a mixed solution; S3. Collect the solid after centrifuging the mixed solution, wash it with the first organic solvent and then centrifuge it again to collect the solid, and then disperse it in the second organic solvent for storage to obtain aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots.

2. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the aluminum source is Al2O3 and / or Al(OH)3; the metal source is selected from at least one of CaO, BaO, SrO, MgO, ZnO, CaCO3, BaCO3, SrCO3, MgCO3, and ZnCO3; or The molar ratio of the aluminum element in the aluminum source to the metal element in the metal source is 4:1 to 1:2; or The calcination temperature is 1200-1400° C., and the calcination time is 3-8 hours.

3. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the lead source is selected from at least one of PbCl2, PbBr2, and PbI2; or The molar ratio of diethylene glycol butyl ether to the lead source is 40:1-500:1, the volume ratio of diethylene glycol butyl ether to 1-octadecene is 2:1-1:2, the volume ratio of 1-octadecene to oleic acid is 5:1-20:1, and the volume ratio of 1-octadecene to oleylamine is 5:1-20:

1.

4. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the first microwave reaction temperature is 140-200° C., and the first microwave constant temperature reaction time is 5-120 min.

5. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the second microwave reaction temperature is 150-210° C., and the second microwave constant temperature reaction time is 5-140 min.

6. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the cesium source is selected from at least one of CsCl, CsBr, CsI, and Cs2CO3; or The molar ratio of the cesium element in the cesium source to the lead element in the lead source is 0.3:1 to 2:

1.

7. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of the aluminate to the cesium source is 2:1 to 10:

1.

8. The method for preparing aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the centrifugal speed is 8000-12000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 5-10 min; or The first organic reagent is ethyl acetate, and the washing times are 2 to 3 times; or The second organic reagent is selected from one of cyclohexane, n-hexane and toluene.

9. Aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots prepared according to the preparation method according to claims 1-8.

10. An application of the aluminate composite inorganic lead halide perovskite quantum dots according to claim 9 in the fields of light-emitting diodes, fluorescence sensors, solar cells, and fluorescence labels.

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