A real-time monitoring and correction method for digital T / R module microwave channel

Abstract

This invention relates to a real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channel of a digital T / R module, belonging to the field of radar technology. Test signals 1 and 2 are generated time-division according to calibration requirements and calibration timing. The electronic switch matrix contains at least four levels of electronic switches K1, K2, K3, and K4. The receiving channel of the transceiver filter module includes calibration status within the receiving subarray and receiving test status; the transmitting channel includes calibration status within the transmitting subarray and transmitting test status; the monitoring channel is mainly composed of the electronic switch matrix. During calibration within the receiving subarray, the digital T / R module is in the receiving test state. Real-time amplitude and phase calibration of the receiving channel is achieved by performing AD compensation on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R module. During calibration within the transmitting subarray, the digital T / R module is in the transmitting test state. Real-time amplitude and phase calibration of the transmitting channel is achieved by performing AD compensation on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R module. This greatly improves amplitude and phase stability and accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a real-time monitoring and correction method for the microwave channel of a digital T / R component, belonging to the field of radar manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the significant increase in the number of channels in the T / R modules of phased array radars, the instantaneous signal bandwidth has evolved from narrowband coverage to full bandwidth coverage. This places increasingly higher demands on the consistency of received amplitude and phase, as well as transmitted phase. In practice, due to temperature changes and the degradation of device performance, the amplitude and phase consistency of the entire radar system is constantly deteriorating. However, current phased array radars generally only have real-time monitoring capabilities and cannot perform real-time calibration of amplitude and phase consistency. Manual inspection, maintenance, and calibration are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also cannot quickly address the continuous deterioration of phase and phase consistency, ultimately severely impacting the performance of the phased array radar. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channels of digital T / R modules to achieve real-time monitoring and calibration, thereby meeting the high amplitude and phase consistency requirements of subarray phased array radars. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channel of a digital T / R module that is compatible with multiple calibration modes. By designing the radar as a subarray, the development and production costs are significantly reduced, while the array synchronization problem is better solved. It combines unit-level calibration, subarray-level calibration, and real-time monitoring and calibration functions, meeting the high standard requirements for amplitude and phase consistency of phased array radars. It facilitates on-site array calibration, achieving rapid, real-time, and efficient calibration. This solves the problem that existing phased array radar T / R modules lack real-time calibration functionality, making it difficult to meet the high amplitude and phase consistency requirements of subarray phased array radars and the difficulty of on-site real-time array calibration.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution:

[0005] A real-time monitoring and calibration method for a microwave channel of a digital T / R module includes a switching power divider and a transceiver filtering module. The switching power divider mainly consists of a power divider for test signals and an electronic switch matrix, performing power division of the test signals and switching between the test signals and the transmit coupling signals. The power divider divides the test signals into n paths according to the subarray channel design requirements, and then switches them with the n transmit coupling signals input from the analog T / R module to the n electronic switches of the electronic switch matrix to form n monitoring signals. The electronic switch matrix arbitrarily switches the selected paths according to amplitude and phase calibration requirements. The test signals are generated in a time-division manner according to the calibration timing sequence, producing test signal 1 and test signal 2. The electronic switch matrix includes at least four levels of electronic switches K1, K2, K3, and K4.

[0006] The transceiver filtering module mainly consists of a receiving channel, a transmitting channel, and a monitoring channel. The receiving channel includes calibration status within the receiving subarray, receiving test status, amplitude and phase consistency status between the receiving signal source and the subarray digital T / R components, real-time amplitude and phase compensation status for test signal 1 due to temperature changes, and receiving operation status. The transmitting channel includes calibration status within the transmitting subarray, transmitting test status, amplitude and phase consistency status between the transmitting signal source and the subarray digital T / R components, real-time amplitude and phase compensation status for test signal 2 due to temperature changes, and transmitting operation status. The monitoring channel mainly consists of an electronic switch matrix. Electronic switch K1 switches between the echo signal and the test signal in the monitoring signal; electronic switch K2 switches between the test signal in the monitoring signal entering electronic switch K1 and the transmitting coupling signal in the monitoring signal entering electronic switch K3; electronic switch K3 switches between the transmitting coupling signal and the receiving signal in the monitoring signal; and electronic switch K4 switches between the corresponding signal entering the AD port and the JC port.

[0007] During the calibration within the receiving subarray, the digital T / R component is in the receiving test state. The main control computer calls the amplitude and phase difference value between the receiving channel and the test signal 1 channel and compensates for it on the amplitude and phase value of the test signal 1 channel read in real time by AD sampling, thereby feeding back the corrected amplitude and phase value of the receiving channel. When the amplitude and phase consistency of the test signal 1 exceeds the threshold value, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R component to finally realize the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the receiving channel.

[0008] During the calibration within the transmitting subarray, the digital T / R component is in the transmitting test state. The main control computer calls the amplitude and phase difference value between the transmitting coupling channel and the test signal 2 channel, and compensates for it on the amplitude and phase value of the test signal 2 channel read in real time by the AD converter, thereby feeding back the corrected amplitude and phase value of the transmitting coupling channel. When the amplitude and phase consistency of the test signal 2 exceeds the threshold value, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 2 area and the transmitting coupling working area of ​​the digital T / R component, ultimately realizing the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the transmitting channel.

[0009] During the receiving test state, test signal 1 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, and then enters the transceiver filtering module through the monitoring signal port LSin. After passing through the electronic switches K1 and K2 in the transceiver filtering module, it is switched to the receiving channel. After completing the processing of the same channel as the received signal, it is switched to the AD port by the electronic switch K4 for AD sampling. The amplitude and phase data of the test channel are obtained through AD sampling by the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase difference value between the corrected receiving channel and the corresponding test signal 1 channel is calculated and stored in the digital T / R component; or it is switched to the JC port by the electronic switch K4 to complete the performance index test of test signal 1 through the instrument.

[0010] During the aforementioned transmission test, test signal 2 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, then enters the transceiver filter module through the monitoring signal port LSin, and is switched to the transmission coupling channel by electronic switches K2 and K3 in the transceiver filter module. It is then switched to the AD port by electronic switch K4 for A / D sampling. The amplitude and phase data of the test channel are acquired through AD sampling by the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase difference value between the corrected transmission coupling channel and the corresponding test signal 2 channel is calculated and stored in the digital T / R component; or it can be switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of test signal 2 through the instrument.

[0011] The amplitude and phase consistency between the received signal source and the subarray digital T / R component is determined by generating a pulse modulation signal for the received signal source using an external trigger synchronization square wave sent from the digital T / R component, and clearing the starting phase within each pulse to avoid the impact on amplitude and phase consistency caused by non-coherent AD sampling and inconsistent starting phases, thus effectively ensuring the amplitude and phase consistency between the subarray T / R components.

[0012] The amplitude and phase consistency between the transmitted signal source and the subarray digital T / R component is determined by generating a pulse modulation signal for the transmitted signal source using an external trigger synchronization square wave sent from the digital T / R component. The starting phase within each pulse is cleared to avoid the impact on amplitude and phase consistency caused by non-coherent AD sampling and inconsistent starting phases, thus effectively ensuring the amplitude and phase consistency between the subarray T / R components.

[0013] The amplitude and phase compensation state of test signal 1 due to temperature change is described. The amplitude and phase characteristics of test signal 1 in the switching power divider with temperature change are obtained by testing and the amplitude and phase compensation curve is stored in the digital T / R component. The digital T / R component performs real-time compensation of the amplitude and phase of test signal 1 according to the feedback temperature, which effectively avoids the error of received amplitude and phase caused by the temperature of the switching power divider.

[0014] The aforementioned real-time amplitude and phase compensation state of test signal 2 due to temperature changes involves measuring the amplitude and phase characteristics of test signal 2 and the transmit coupling signal as a function of temperature in the switching power divider. Two sets of amplitude and phase compensation curves are obtained through testing and stored in the digital T / R component. The digital T / R component performs real-time compensation of the amplitude and phase of test signal 2 and the transmit coupling signal based on the feedback temperature, effectively avoiding errors in the transmit amplitude and phase caused by the temperature influence of the switching power divider.

[0015] The aforementioned power divider includes a test signal power divider and an electronic switch matrix. The test signal received at the CSIN input terminal of the power divider is divided into n paths by the test signal power divider, and then coupled with the n transmit signals sent from the analog T / R component, respectively, and cut into n monitoring signals by the electronic switch matrix before being sent to the transceiver filtering module.

[0016] The aforementioned transceiver filtering module receives the echo signal from the JSin input terminal of the receiving link via electronic switch K1, and then processes it through low-noise amplification, bandpass filtering, and frequency selective filtering. The signal is then split into a single signal by electronic switch K3 and the monitoring signal input from the LSin input terminals of electronic switch K2, and sent to electronic switch K4. Electronic switch K4 then sends the signal to either the AD port or the JC port after switching. The excitation signal from the JLin input terminal of the transmitting link undergoes bandpass filtering, amplification, and frequency selective filtering before being output through the JLout output port.

[0017] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0018] This real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channel of the digital T / R module, through a switching power divider, transceiver filtering modules, and optimized circuit design, enables the injection of test signals into the receiving channel or AD channel in a time-division manner, or the injection of the transmit coupling signal into the AD channel, according to the test requirements of different calibration modes. By simplifying and optimizing the circuit design and control commands, it achieves real-time monitoring and correction of receive amplitude and phase, transmit phase, and transmit power. It not only boasts high reliability but also perfectly eliminates amplitude and phase instability and inconsistency caused by temperature by performing phase difference processing on the reference channel and monitoring channel, greatly improving amplitude and phase stability and accuracy. This solves the problem that existing phased array radars, lacking calibration functionality, cannot respond quickly and in real-time to the continuous deterioration of phase consistency across the array, making it difficult to guarantee the amplitude and phase consistency between subarray T / R modules. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the switching power divider circuit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the transceiver filtering module circuit of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the receiving subarray index signal of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the internal standard signal of the transmitting subarray of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The design concept of this invention is as follows: With the continuous development of phased array radar technology, the requirements for phase and amplitude consistency of the array are becoming increasingly stringent, which in turn places higher demands on the received phase and amplitude consistency and transmitted phase consistency of the components. Addressing the common problems of non-real-time phase and amplitude calibration, poor phase and amplitude stability, and the inability of current phased array radars to perform phase and amplitude calibration operations in older radar models, there is an urgent need to find innovative solutions. Therefore, this invention provides a real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channel of a digital T / R component. The circuit design of this invention adds a corresponding power divider network and a switching power divider to the original circuit design. The switching power divider includes a power divider for the test signal and an electronic switching matrix. The test signal received at the CSIN input of the switching power divider is divided into n paths by the power divider, and then coupled with the n transmitted signals from the analog T / R component, respectively, and cut into n monitoring signals by the electronic switching matrix before being sent to the transceiver filtering module. The circuit design is simple, highly reliable, has good real-time performance, and is highly versatile, meeting the phase and amplitude consistency calibration requirements of various subarray-level digital array radars.

[0024] The implementation method of the real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channel of the digital T / R component will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings (see attached figures). Figures 1-4 ):

[0025] A real-time monitoring and calibration method for a microwave channel of a digital T / R component is provided, which is implemented by including a switching power divider and a transceiver filtering module; characterized in that: the switching power divider mainly consists of a power divider for the test signal and an electronic switch matrix; the transceiver filtering module mainly consists of a receiving channel, a transmitting channel and a monitoring channel.

[0026] In the receiving state, the received signal is input through the echo input port JSin of the transceiver filter module. After low-noise amplification, bandpass filtering, frequency selection filtering, variable gain amplification, and low-pass filtering, it is switched to the AD port for AD sampling via switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of the received signal through the instrument. In the receiving test state, test signal 1 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, and then enters the transceiver filter module through the monitoring signal port LSin. It is switched to the receiving channel via switches K1 and K2. After completing the same channel processing as the received signal, it is switched to the AD port for AD sampling via switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of test signal 1 through the instrument.

[0027] During transmission operation, the transmission excitation signal enters the transceiver filtering module through the excitation input port JLin. After bandpass filtering, amplification, frequency selection filtering, amplification, and low-pass filtering, it is output to the external port of the digital T / R component through the excitation output port JLout. The transmission coupling signal is input through the transmission coupling port OHIN of the power divider, and then enters the transceiver filtering module through the monitoring signal port LSin. It is then switched to the transmission coupling channel through switches K2 and K3, and then switched to the AD port for AD sampling through switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of the transmission coupling signal through the instrument. During transmission testing, test signal 2 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, and then enters the transceiver filtering module through the monitoring signal port LSin. It is then switched to the transmission coupling channel through switches K2 and K3, and then switched to the AD port for AD sampling through switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of test signal 2 through the instrument.

[0028] The switching power divider mainly consists of a power divider for the test signal and an electronic switch matrix, performing the functions of power division of the test signal and switching between the test signal and the transmit coupling signal. According to the design requirements of the subarray channel, the test signal is divided into n paths, which are then respectively coupled with the n transmit coupling signals input from the analog T / R component and fed into n electronic switches for signal switching, forming a total of n monitoring signals. The operating state of the electronic switch matrix allows for arbitrary switching of the selected path according to the amplitude and phase calibration requirements. All n electronic switches are high-isolation switches K401 from Nanjing Guobo Company, with an isolation ≥50dB, thus preventing excessive leakage power from the test signal and transmit coupling signal. The two signals interfere with each other at the same frequency, causing a decrease in amplitude and phase stability. According to the calibration requirements, test signals 1 and 2 are generated in a time-division manner based on the calibration sequence. Test signal 1 is used for calibration within the receiving subarray, and test signal 2 is used for calibration within the transmitting subarray. When calibrating the receiving subarray, the master controller sends a control command to the calibration source, requiring it to generate only test signal 1. This avoids amplification of test signal 2 through the receiving channel, which could cause channel blockage. When calibrating the transmitting subarray, the master controller sends a control command to the calibration source, requiring it to generate only test signal 2. This avoids amplification of test signal 1 through the receiving channel, which could cause interference with test signal 2 at the same frequency. (See...) Figure 1 );

[0029] The transceiver filtering module circuit mainly consists of a transmitting channel, a receiving channel, and a monitoring channel. The transmitting channel primarily performs bandpass filtering, amplification, frequency selective filtering, and amplification to filter and amplify the input excitation signal. The receiving channel primarily performs low-noise amplification, filtering, and gain attenuation control of the received signal through low-noise amplification, bandpass filtering, frequency selective filtering, variable gain amplification, and low-pass filtering. The monitoring channel mainly consists of four electronic switches K1, K2, K3, and K4. Electronic switch K1 switches between the echo signal and the test signal in the monitoring signal. Electronic switch K2 switches between the test signal in the monitoring signal and the transmit coupling signal in the monitoring signal. Electronic switch K3 switches between the transmit coupling signal and the received signal in the monitoring signal. Electronic switch K4 switches between the AD port and the JC port. Electronic switches K1, K2, K3, and K4 all use the high-isolation switch K401 from Nanjing Guobo Company, with an isolation ≥50dB. Meanwhile, both the receiving channel and the transmitting preamplifier use the Shenzhen Times Speedy Information Technology Co., Ltd.'s GSL805AD low-noise broadband amplifier with shutdown function. When receiving, the transmitting channel preamplifier is turned off; when transmitting, the receiving channel amplifier is turned off. The frequency selection filter module needs to complete the transmit / receive switching function, with a transmit / receive isolation ≥45dB; (see...) Figure 2 ).

[0030] During the receiving subarray calibration, the amplitude and phase calibration of the receiving channel is completed through component testing. The amplitude and phase difference between test signal 1 and the received signal is found and stored in the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase characteristics of test signal 1 of the switching power divider as a function of temperature are tested to obtain the amplitude and phase temperature compensation curve of test signal 1 and store it in the digital T / R component. By compensating for the amplitude and phase difference between test signal 1 and the receiving channel and by calling the amplitude and phase temperature compensation curve of test signal 1 in real time, the real-time monitoring function of the received amplitude and phase is completed and the amplitude and phase test error caused by temperature is eliminated. Once the amplitude and phase consistency of test signal 1 exceeds the threshold, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R component to realize the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the receiving channel.

[0031] Specifically, during subarray calibration, the hardware design and process selection for receiving calibration signals are mainly completed by the power divider and transceiver filtering module. In the receiving operation state, the echo signal output from the signal source is first divided into n paths and fed into the echo input port JSin of the digital T / R component. The electronic switch in the power divider is then switched to the transmit coupling signal port, and the electronic switches K1, K2, and K3 in the transceiver filtering module are switched to the echo input port JSin, K3 to the receive signal port, and K4 to the AD port. Then, the amplitude and phase data of the receiving channels are acquired through AD sampling by the digital T / R component. The average amplitude between the receiving channels is calculated, and AD compensation is used to correct the phase of all receiving channels to 0°, while the amplitude is compensated and corrected according to the average value. In the receiving test state... Test signal 1 is fed into the test signal input port CSIN of the digital T / R component through the signal source. The electronic switch in the power divider is switched to the test port, and the electronic switch K1 in the transceiver filter module is switched to electronic switch K2, and electronic switch K2 is switched to K1. The states of electronic switches K3 and K4 are the same as the receiving working state. The amplitude and phase data of the test channel are acquired by the AD sampling of the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase difference value between the corrected receiving channel and the corresponding test signal 1 channel is calculated and stored in the digital T / R component. During calibration in the receiving subarray, the digital T / R component is in the receiving test state. The main control computer calls the amplitude and phase difference value between the receiving channel and the test signal 1 channel and compensates it on the amplitude and phase value of the test signal 1 channel read in real time by the AD, thereby feeding back the corrected amplitude and phase value of the receiving channel.

[0032] Since the test signal 1 channel covers the entire receiving channel except for the switching power divider, the effect of the test signal 1 channel on temperature changes represents the effect of the entire receiving channel on temperature changes.

[0033] The amplitude and phase characteristics of the test signal in the switching power divider as a function of temperature are obtained through testing, and the amplitude and phase compensation curve is stored in the digital T / R component. The digital T / R component performs real-time compensation of the amplitude and phase of test signal 1 based on the feedback temperature, thereby avoiding errors in the received amplitude and phase caused by the temperature influence of the switching power divider. When the amplitude and phase consistency of test signal 1 exceeds the threshold value, AD sampling compensation is performed on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R component to realize the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the receiving channel, solve the influence of temperature on the amplitude and phase of the receiving channel, and improve the stability of the amplitude and phase of the receiving channel.

[0034] To ensure amplitude and phase consistency between the T / R components, the control signal source generates a pulse modulation signal using the external trigger synchronization square wave sent from the digital T / R component, and clears the starting phase within each pulse to zero. This avoids the impact of AD sampling non-coherence and inconsistent starting phases on amplitude and phase consistency; (see...) Figure 3 ).

[0035] The test internal standard signal is mainly used for transmission internal standard calibration. The test internal standard signal is mainly designed and the process selection is completed by the switching power divider and the transceiver filtering module. In the transmission working state, the test signal 2 is fed into the transmission coupling signal input port OHIN of the digital T / R component through the signal source. The electronic switch in the switching power divider is switched to the transmission coupling signal port. The electronic switch K1 in the transceiver filtering module is switched to the echo input port JSin. The electronic switch K2 is switched to K3. The electronic switch K3 is switched to K2. The electronic switch K4 is switched to the AD port. The amplitude and phase data of the transmission coupling channel are acquired by the AD sampling of the digital T / R component. The average amplitude between the transmission coupling channels is calculated. The phase of the transmission coupling channel is corrected to 0° by AD compensation. The amplitude is compensated and corrected according to the average value.

[0036] During the transmit test, test signal 2 is fed into the test signal input port CSIN of the digital T / R component through the signal source. The electronic switch in the power divider is switched to the test port, the electronic switch K1 in the transmit / receive filter module is switched to the echo input port JSin, the electronic switch K2 is switched to K3, the electronic switch K3 is switched to K2, and the electronic switch K4 is switched to the AD port. The amplitude and phase data of the test signal 2 channel are acquired by the AD sampling of the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase difference value between the corrected transmit coupling channel and the corresponding test signal 2 channel is calculated and stored in the digital T / R component.

[0037] During calibration within the transmitter subarray, the amplitude and phase calibration of the transmitter coupling channel is completed through component testing. The amplitude and phase difference between test signal 2 and the transmitter coupling signal is found and stored in the digital T / R component. By testing the amplitude and phase characteristics of test signal 2 and the transmitter coupling signal as a function of temperature, the amplitude and phase temperature compensation curves of test signal 2 and the transmitter coupling signal are obtained and stored in the digital T / R component. By compensating for the amplitude and phase difference between test signal 2 and the transmitter coupling channel, and by calling the amplitude and phase temperature compensation curves of test signal 2 and the transmitter coupling signal in real time, the real-time monitoring function of the amplitude and phase of the transmitter coupling signal is completed, and the amplitude and phase test error caused by temperature is eliminated. Once the amplitude and phase consistency of test signal 2 exceeds the threshold, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 2 area and the transmitter coupling working area of ​​the digital T / R component, and the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the transmitter coupling channel can be realized.

[0038] Specifically, during calibration within the transmitter subarray, the digital T / R component is in the transmit test state. The main control computer calls the amplitude and phase difference value between the transmit coupling channel and the test signal channel 2, and compensates for it on the amplitude and phase value of the test signal channel 2 read in real time by the AD, thereby feeding back the corrected amplitude and phase value of the transmit coupling channel.

[0039] Since the test signal 2 channel covers the entire transmit coupling channel except for the power divider, the effect of the test signal 2 channel on temperature changes represents the effect of the entire transmit coupling channel on temperature changes.

[0040] The amplitude and phase characteristics of the test signal and the transmit coupling signal in the switching power divider as a function of temperature are obtained through testing. Two sets of amplitude and phase compensation curves are stored in the digital T / R component. The digital T / R component performs real-time compensation on the amplitude and phase of the test signal 2 and the transmit coupling signal based on the feedback temperature, thereby avoiding errors in the transmit amplitude and phase caused by the temperature of the switching power divider. When the amplitude and phase consistency of the test signal 2 exceeds the threshold value, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 2 area and the transmit coupling area of ​​the digital T / R component to realize the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the transmit coupling channel, solve the influence of temperature on the amplitude and phase of the transmit coupling channel, and improve the stability of the amplitude and phase of the transmit coupling channel.

[0041] To ensure amplitude and phase consistency between the T / R components, the signal source processing measures are the same as those within the receiving subarray calibration process; that is, the transmitting signal source is controlled to generate a pulse modulation signal using the external trigger synchronization square wave sent from the digital T / R components, and the initial phase within each pulse is cleared to avoid the impact on amplitude and phase consistency caused by AD sampling non-coherence and inconsistent initial phases (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0042] The workflow of the real-time monitoring and calibration method for the microwave channel of the digital T / R component is as follows:

[0043] In the receiving state, the received signal is input through the echo input port JSin of the transceiver filter module. After low-noise amplification, bandpass filtering, frequency selection filtering, variable gain amplification, and low-pass filtering, it is switched to the AD port for AD sampling via switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of the received signal through the instrument. In the receiving test state, test signal 1 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, and then enters the transceiver filter module through the monitoring signal port LSin. It is switched to the receiving channel via electronic switches K1 and K2. After completing the same channel processing as the received signal, it is switched to the AD port for AD sampling via switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of test signal 1 through the instrument.

[0044] During transmission operation, the transmission excitation signal enters the transceiver filtering module through the excitation input port JLin. After bandpass filtering, amplification, frequency selection filtering, amplification, and low-pass filtering, it is output to the external port of the digital T / R component through the excitation output port JLout. The transmission coupling signal is input through the transmission coupling port OHIN of the switching power divider, and then enters the transceiver filtering module through the monitoring signal port LSin. It is then switched to the transmission coupling channel through electronic switches K2 and K3, and then switched to the AD port for A / D sampling through electronic switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of the transmission coupling signal through the instrument. During transmission testing, test signal 2 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the switching power divider, and then enters the transceiver filtering module through the monitoring signal port LSin. It is then switched to the transmission coupling channel through electronic switches K2 and K3, and then switched to the AD port for AD sampling through electronic switch K4, or switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of test signal 2 through the instrument.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The above examples do not limit the substantive content of the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art to the above specific embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention after reading this specification, as well as equivalent embodiments that may be changed or modified using the disclosed technical content, shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention and shall not depart from the essence and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel of a digital T / R component, comprising a switching power divider and a transceiver filter module; characterized in that: The switching power divider consists of a power divider for the test signal and an electronic switch matrix, which performs the functions of power division of the test signal and switching between the test signal and the transmit coupling signal. The power divider divides the test signal into n paths according to the subarray channel design requirements, and then switches them with the n transmit coupling signals input from the analog T / R component into the n electronic switches of the electronic switch matrix to form n monitoring signals. The electronic switch matrix can arbitrarily switch the selected path according to the amplitude and phase calibration requirements; According to the calibration requirements, test signals 1 and 2 are generated in a time-division manner according to the calibration timing sequence; the electronic switch matrix includes at least 4 levels of electronic switches K1, K2, K3, and K4; The transceiver filtering module consists of a receiving channel, a transmitting channel, and a monitoring channel. The receiving channel includes calibration status within the receiving subarray, receiving test status, amplitude and phase consistency status between the receiving signal source and the subarray digital T / R components, real-time amplitude and phase compensation status for test signal 1 due to temperature changes, and receiving operation status. The transmitting channel includes calibration status within the transmitting subarray, transmitting test status, amplitude and phase consistency status between the transmitting signal source and the subarray digital T / R components, real-time amplitude and phase compensation status for test signal 2 due to temperature changes, and transmitting operation status. The monitoring channel consists of an electronic switch matrix, wherein electronic switch K1 switches between the echo signal and the test signal in the monitoring signal. Electronic switch K2 switches whether the test signal in the monitoring signal enters electronic switch K1 or the transmit coupling signal in the monitoring signal enters electronic switch K3. Electronic switch K3 switches between the transmit coupling signal and the receive signal in the monitoring signal; Electronic switch K4 switches whether the corresponding signal enters the AD port or the JC port; During the calibration of the receiving subarray, the digital T / R component is in the receiving test state. The main control computer calls the amplitude and phase difference value between the receiving channel and the test signal 1 channel and compensates for the amplitude and phase value of the test signal 1 channel read in real time by AD sampling, thereby feeding back the corrected amplitude and phase value of the receiving channel. When the amplitude and phase consistency of test signal 1 exceeds the threshold, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R component to ultimately realize the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the receiving channel. During calibration within the transmitting subarray, the digital T / R component is in the transmitting test state. The main control computer calls the amplitude and phase difference value between the transmitting coupling channel and the test signal 2 channel, and compensates for it on the amplitude and phase value of the test signal 2 channel read in real time by the AD, thereby feeding back the corrected amplitude and phase value of the transmitting coupling channel. When the amplitude and phase consistency of test signal 2 exceeds the threshold, AD compensation is performed on the test signal 1 area and the receiving working area of ​​the digital T / R component to ultimately achieve the real-time amplitude and phase calibration function of the transmission channel.

2. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the receiving test state, test signal 1 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, and then enters the transceiver filtering module through the monitoring signal port LSin. After passing through the electronic switches K1 and K2 in the transceiver filtering module, it is switched to the receiving channel. After completing the processing of the same channel as the received signal, it is switched to the AD port by the electronic switch K4 for AD sampling. The amplitude and phase data of the test channel are obtained through AD sampling by the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase difference value between the corrected receiving channel and the corresponding test signal 1 channel is calculated and stored in the digital T / R component; or it is switched to the JC port by the electronic switch K4 to complete the performance index test of test signal 1 through the instrument.

3. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the aforementioned transmission test state, test signal 2 is input through the test signal input port CSIN of the power divider, then enters the transceiver filter module through the monitoring signal port LSin, and is switched to the transmission coupling channel by electronic switches K2 and K3 in the transceiver filter module. It is then switched to the AD port by electronic switch K4 for AD sampling. The amplitude and phase data of the test channel are acquired through AD sampling by the digital T / R component. The amplitude and phase difference value between the corrected transmission coupling channel and the corresponding test signal 2 channel is calculated and stored in the digital T / R component; or it can be switched to the JC port to complete the performance index test of test signal 2 through the instrument.

4. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase consistency between the received signal source and the subarray digital T / R component is determined by generating a pulse modulation signal for the received signal source using an external trigger synchronization square wave sent from the digital T / R component, and clearing the starting phase within each pulse to avoid the impact on amplitude and phase consistency caused by non-coherent AD sampling and inconsistent starting phases, thus effectively ensuring the amplitude and phase consistency between the subarray T / R components.

5. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase consistency between the transmitted signal source and the subarray digital T / R component is determined by generating a pulse modulation signal for the transmitted signal source using an external trigger synchronization square wave sent from the digital T / R component. The starting phase within each pulse is cleared to avoid the impact on amplitude and phase consistency caused by non-coherent AD sampling and inconsistent starting phases, thus effectively ensuring the amplitude and phase consistency between the subarray T / R components.

6. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase compensation state of test signal 1 due to temperature change is described. The amplitude and phase characteristics of test signal 1 in the switching power divider change with temperature. The amplitude and phase compensation curve is obtained through testing and stored in the digital T / R component. The digital T / R component performs real-time compensation of the amplitude and phase of test signal 1 according to the feedback temperature, which effectively avoids the error of received amplitude and phase caused by the temperature of the switching power divider.

7. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned real-time amplitude and phase compensation state of test signal 2 due to temperature changes involves measuring the amplitude and phase characteristics of test signal 2 and the transmit coupling signal as a function of temperature in the switching power divider. Two sets of amplitude and phase compensation curves are obtained through testing and stored in the digital T / R component. The digital T / R component performs real-time compensation of the amplitude and phase of test signal 2 and the transmit coupling signal based on the feedback temperature, effectively avoiding errors in the transmit amplitude and phase caused by the temperature influence of the switching power divider.

8. The method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned power divider includes a test signal divider and an electronic switch matrix. The test signal received at the CSIN input terminal of the power divider is divided into n paths by the test signal divider, and then coupled with the n transmit signals from the analog T / R component, respectively, and cut into n monitoring signals by the electronic switch matrix before being sent to the transceiver filtering module.

9. A method for real-time monitoring and calibration of a microwave channel for a digital T / R module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned transceiver filtering module receives the echo signal from the JSin input terminal of the receiving link via electronic switch K1, then undergoes low-noise amplification, bandpass filtering, and frequency selective filtering for reception processing. The signal is then split into a single signal by electronic switch K3 and the monitoring signal input from the LSin input terminals of electronic switch K2, and sent to electronic switch K4. Electronic switch K4, after switching action, sends the signal to either the AD port or the JC port. The excitation signal from the JLin input terminal of the transmitting link undergoes bandpass filtering, amplification, and frequency selective filtering for transmission processing, and is then output through the JLout output port.

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