Simulation tooth jaw model for whole process of tooth and dental pulp treatment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tooth and dental pulp, and particularly relates to a tooth and dental pulp treatment whole-process simulation tooth and jaw model which comprises an upper jaw model, an upper jaw base, an upper jaw joint, a lower jaw model, a lower jaw base, a lower jaw joint, a connecting device, a neck joint and a tail fixing device. The lower jaw model comprises a lower jaw shell, a movable fine adjustment module and extracted teeth; the lower jaw shell is filled with a gel material capable of absorbing water; the movable fine adjustment module is a detachable fine adjustment module. The device can quickly fix and replace human isolated teeth, also can restore the adjacency relation of the isolated teeth, the periodontal microenvironment and the moist conductive environment around the tooth root, can highly simulate the physiological conditions of the isolated teeth in dentition and jaw bone, is suitable for various teaching trainings such as tooth pulp disease microscopic root canal treatment, tooth restoration, microscopic root apex surgery and the like, and has a wide application prospect. And the application scene is greatly widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of dental endodontics, and in particular relates to a dental jaw model for simulating the whole process of dental endodontics treatment. Background Art

[0002] Endodontics is a discipline that requires doctors to have extremely high operational skills. Both medical students and doctors need to undergo a lot of in vitro simulation training when learning new technologies or mastering endodontic treatment techniques. This in vitro simulation training is usually completed by doctors on a tooth model or a model with human ex vivo teeth.

[0003] The commonly used item for in vitro endodontic training is a head model (attached to the instruction manual). Figure 1 The head model is equipped with upper and lower jaw models, which can be standardized plastic dentition models and plastic teeth (attached to the instruction manual). Figure 2 ), or a disposable plaster cast model and human ex vivo tooth (attached to the instruction manual) Figure 3 ). The existing model is a general model, which is not finely designed for endodontic treatment and cannot meet the needs of clinical training.

[0004] Standardized plastic dentition models are composed of plastic bases and plastic teeth. The shape and internal structure of plastic teeth imitate natural teeth, and they can be plugged in and replaced after use. This type of model is soft and stereotyped, so it does not have the operating feel and personalized feedback of natural teeth. It is only suitable for beginners to train postures and operating procedures. It is difficult for dentists to achieve the purpose of learning the entire process of clinical skills by practicing on plastic teeth. Even if there are 3D printed simulated teeth, their expensive cost and soft texture also limit their application.

[0005] The plaster perfusion dentition model is made by placing the extracted teeth in a certain position in the dentition mold and then pouring plaster. Doctors practice oral operations on the plaster model with extracted teeth. Although it has the handling feel and personalization of natural teeth, the production process is relatively cumbersome, and the three-dimensional position of the extracted teeth cannot be adjusted, making it difficult to reach the expected position. There is no real relationship between adjacent teeth and periodontal environment. After the practice, the plaster model cannot be reused, and the extracted teeth are difficult to remove for secondary analysis. The production cost is high, and the operation experience and teaching effect are limited.

[0006] In addition, neither the standardized plastic dentition model nor the plaster perfusion dentition model of the existing teaching dentition model can simulate the physiological environment of the root, teeth, and dentition in the oral cavity. Teeth exist in a moist environment in the oral cavity, with gums surrounding the neck of the tooth, the root embedded in the alveolar bone, and blood vessels and nerves around it. During clinical tooth filling treatment or tooth restoration, gingival sulcus fluid and blood will seep out around the neck of the tooth, and neither the existing plaster model nor the plastic model can simulate the periodontal microenvironment. During root canal treatment, the resistance value between the human periodontal membrane and the oral mucosa is constant, and the root canal length can be measured. In the existing model, there is no electrolyte around the root of the in vitro tooth, and there is no cross-linking with the outside world. The root canal length cannot be measured during root canal treatment, and the entire clinical operation process cannot be restored. The existing teaching models cannot meet the full process simulation of dental endodontic clinical skills training. Many key and difficult operation steps cannot be practiced in vitro, the doctor's operation experience is poor, and due to the shortcomings of the model, the standardization of the training operation cannot be evaluated and assessed. In vitro training that is separated from the entire clinical operation process is fragmented and incomplete. It can only simulate a certain step of endodontic treatment technology. After training, doctors still need a long time to learn and adapt before they can connect each step of treatment into a whole.

[0007] After in vitro training on the existing models, doctors can only understand the basic process, and the proficiency of the entire treatment process can only be gradually explored and practiced in actual clinical work, connecting knowledge, and finally becoming proficient. However, as people's requirements for medical service levels increase, both from an ethical perspective and from a medical quality management perspective, society has higher requirements for doctors' treatment technology and proficiency, and the margin for error is small. The intensity and accuracy of doctors' pre-job training also need to be improved. Modern treatment training, assessment, and promotion of endodontics lack easy-to-operate, reusable, full-process simulation dentition models. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a dental jaw model that simulates the entire process of endodontic treatment. Its highly simulated dental jaw can not only quickly fix and replace human ex vivo teeth, but also restore the adjacent relationship, periodontal microenvironment and moist conductive environment around the roots of ex vivo teeth. It can highly simulate the physiological conditions of ex vivo teeth in the dentition and jaw, is suitable for various teaching, training and assessment of endodontics, and can also greatly broaden the application scenarios.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A whole-process dental model for endodontic treatment, comprising an upper jaw model, an upper jaw base, an upper jaw joint, a lower jaw model, a lower jaw base, a lower jaw joint, a connecting device, a neck joint, and a tail fixing device; the upper jaw model is fixed on the upper jaw base, and the upper jaw base is connected to the upper jaw joint; the lower jaw model is fixed on the lower jaw base, and the lower jaw base is connected to the lower jaw joint; the upper jaw joint and the lower jaw joint are connected to the neck joint via a "Y"-shaped connecting device, and the neck joint is fixedly connected to the tail fixing device.

[0010] The structure of the mandibular model is as follows: The mandibular model comprises a mandibular shell, a movable fine-adjustment module and ex-vivo teeth.

[0011] The mandibular shell is made of a hollow, transparent, hard material; the interior is a "U"-shaped cavity structure with a closed end at the bottom to simulate the shape of the alveolar bone and an open top to facilitate the insertion of the ex vivo tooth from top to bottom through the top; the interior of the mandibular shell is filled with a water-absorbent gel material and there is a fixing track at the bottom.

[0012] The upper part of the inner and outer sides of the mandibular shell is provided with 14 pairs of long oval inner and outer fixing slots that cooperate with each other, corresponding to the positions of different teeth. The inner fixing nut passes through the inner plate and the inner fixing slot, and penetrates into the inner side of the movable fine-tuning module; the outer fixing nut passes through the outer plate and the outer fixing slot, and penetrates into the outer side of the movable fine-tuning module, so as to adjust and fix the movable fine-tuning module and the ex vivo tooth. The tail of the inner fixing nut and the outer fixing nut is a rotatable force-applying end with an outer circle and an inner square, and the head is used to fix the ex vivo tooth root.

[0013] The removable fine-tuning module is a detachable and position-adjustable module. It is an open transparent cubic structure, fixed at the position set by the mandibular shell through internal and external fixing nuts. After the ex vivo tooth is placed from top to bottom, the tooth neck is fixed by the internal and external fixing nuts, and the tooth root is immersed in the water-absorbent gel material inside the mandibular shell. The width of the removable fine-tuning module is determined according to the position of the tooth, about 2-15mm.

[0014] The top, bottom and adjacent sides of the movable fine-tuning module are open, and the inner and outer sides are transparent flat plate structures connected by a bottom connecting rod. The upper top of the inner plate and the outer plate of the movable fine-tuning module each have a clamping and fixing nut hole. When the ex vivo tooth is inserted and reaches the predetermined position, the ex vivo tooth is fixed by adjusting the inner fixing nut and the outer fixing nut. The movable fine-tuning module can be slightly moved in the horizontal position along the inner fixing slot and the outer fixing slot of the mandibular shell. By adjusting the tightness and position of the inner fixing nut and the outer fixing nut, the three-dimensional position of the ex vivo tooth is adjusted, the three-dimensional position of the tooth in the dentition is highly restored, and the ex vivo tooth can be quickly replaced, so that the model can be recycled. The crown of the ex vivo tooth is exposed above the mandibular shell, and the root is placed inside the mandibular shell and surrounded by a moist water-absorbing hydrogel material, so that the ex vivo tooth is in a water-electrolyte environment, thereby simulating the moist environment of the alveolar bone.

[0015] There is a connecting water injection hole on each of the left and right sides of the mandibular shell, which can connect the inside and outside of the mandibular shell. On the one hand, the metal hook of the root canal measuring instrument can be hung, and on the other hand, deionized water can be injected to quantitatively control the water content inside the model, simulate the moist environment of the alveolar bone, and then simulate and restore the conditions such as root length measurement in root canal treatment and blood interference in root canal perforation repair. There is a square detachable sheet on the outside of the anterior teeth, premolars and molar areas of the mandibular shell. The square detachable sheet is fixed to the mandibular shell by a buckle, which can be detached and replaced, and is used to simulate the buccal bone window during apical surgery.

[0016] The mandibular shell is mechanically fixed to the mandibular base by screws at the bottom, and the mandibular base is connected to the mandibular joint to realize the linkage between the mandibular shell and the mandibular joint. The end of the mandibular shell is a pluggable closure plug, and the movable fine-tuning module is horizontally loaded, unloaded and replaced. The top of the mandibular shell is an inward folding structure, which limits the upward movement of the movable fine-tuning module in the mandibular shell; there is a track at the bottom of the inner layer of the mandibular shell to limit the downward movement of the fine-tuning module.

[0017] The mandibular model is wrapped by a silicone skin with good elasticity, and the shape of the silicone skin is consistent with the mandibular shell. The silicone skin has holes inside and outside to expose the internal fixing nut and the external fixing nut. The lower part of the silicone skin is in an open state, which is convenient for being put on the mandibular model. The upper part of the silicone skin is a wavy open structure to simulate the gingival shape. There are 14 circular holes on the top, through which the crown of the ex vivo tooth passes. The silicone skin surrounds the neck of the ex vivo tooth, and the crown of the ex vivo tooth is exposed.

[0018] The upper jaw model has the same structure as the lower jaw model.

[0019] The upper and lower jaw joints can be opened and closed at adjustable angles by rotating the shaft, thereby simulating the movement of opening, closing and biting the mouth.

[0020] The neck joint can imitate the up, down, left, and right rotation of the head to control the overall direction of the model head.

[0021] The tail fixing device can fix it in various scenes such as a dental chair or an operating table, thereby achieving overall fixation of the simulated dental and jaw model.

[0022] In order to save costs, the water-absorbent gel material can also be replaced by an elastic water-absorbent material to achieve three-dimensional and elastic wrapping of the ex-vivo tooth.

[0023] In order to save costs, water-absorbent gel materials can also be replaced with water, which can simulate the root canal length measurement environment, but cannot simulate the root canal perforation repair conditions.

[0024] The present invention aims at solving the shortcomings of existing dental models for oral practice or research one by one and solves the following problems: First, the simulated dentition of the present invention has multiple detachable fine-tuning module units and fixing nuts that penetrate the jaw shell and the inside and outside of the movable fine-tuning module, which can firmly hold the ex-vivo teeth, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly replacing the ex-vivo teeth and recycling the model. In addition, the square detachable sheet is arranged on the outside of the model, which also provides the conditions for multiple replacement of bone windows for apical surgery training, and solves the problems of complex plaster model production, long cycle, one-time use, and consumption of manpower and material resources.

[0025] Second, the movable fine-tuning module of the simulated dentition of the present invention is internally provided with a nut fine-tuning knob, which can realize the three-dimensional adjustment of the position of the ex-vivo tooth and highly restore the three-dimensional position of the tooth in the dentition. This solves the problem that the position of the ex-vivo tooth in the plaster model cannot be adjusted after being fixed by plaster, and the angle and position of the ex-vivo tooth usually deviate greatly from the normal situation, which brings difficulties to the operation practice.

[0026] Third, in the simulated dentition of the present invention, after the three-dimensional position of the ex vivo tooth is adjusted appropriately, it can not only have a good adjacency and occlusion relationship with the adjacent teeth and the opposing teeth, but also have a slight mobility to simulate the physiological mobility of the teeth, and can provide a full-process clinical operation condition simulation for tooth restoration. This solves the problem that the ex vivo tooth in the existing plaster model has no normal adjacency relationship with the adjacent teeth and no normal occlusion relationship with the opposing teeth, which results in that when practicing oral operation, the dentist can only experience the feel of grinding the ex vivo tooth, but the real operation scene cannot be restored or judged, which directly affects the students' operation practice results and greatly reduces the practice effect; for example, when preparing tooth defects, it is impossible to judge whether the restoration space is sufficient; in the filling of Class 2 cavities, the molding sheet and wedge cannot be put in place, so that the standardized practice of tooth filling treatment cannot be carried out; when operating the rubber dam, the rubber cloth cannot be wrapped around the neck of the tooth, and a series of other problems.

[0027] Fourth, the highly simulated dentition of the present invention can use both simulated teeth and human ex vivo teeth, which is suitable for doctors of all levels to practice various oral operations. Human ex vivo teeth are ideal in vitro operation practice and research objects for dentists. For high-level training, the use of ex vivo teeth for operation drills can solve the shortcomings of poor operation feel and no personalized feedback of plastic simulated teeth in current oral teaching.

[0028] Fifth, the highly simulated dentition of the present invention uses transparent materials to simulate the shape of the alveolar bone. The model is a hollow structure filled with absorbent gel materials and microchannels, so that the tooth root is in a humidity-adjustable environment, thereby simulating the moist environment of the alveolar bone, and providing a full-process clinical operation condition simulation for surgical and non-surgical treatment of dental pulp. The absorbent gel material surrounds the tooth root, and deionized water is injected through the water injection hole to quantitatively control the water content inside the model, simulate the moist environment of the alveolar bone, and restore the root length measurement in root canal treatment, blood interference in root canal perforation repair and other conditions. It solves the problem that whether it is a traditional plaster dentition model or a standard plastic dentition model on the market now, there is no simulation of the root environment, the root is embedded in plastic or plaster, the design is simple, and the scope of application is limited.

[0029] Sixth, the present invention has a wider application scenario and reduces the requirements for the external environment. It is not limited to teaching practice rooms, but can be used beside clinical examination chairs or in ordinary practice rooms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 : The imitation head mold in the prior art.

[0031] Figure 2 : Plastic dentition model in the prior art.

[0032] Figure 3 : The plaster model of the prior art is embedded with an ex vivo tooth.

[0033] Figure 4 : The simulated dental model of the present invention; wherein: 1. mandibular model; 11. mandibular base; 12. mandibular joint; 2. maxillary model; 21. maxillary base; 22. maxillary joint; 3. cervical joint; 4. connecting device; 5. tail fixing device.

[0034] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the mandibular shell model of the present invention; wherein: 6, mandibular shell; 61, outer fixing slot; 62, inner fixing slot; 63, track; 64, connecting water injection hole; 65, square detachable piece; 66, closing plug.

[0035] Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the movable fine-tuning module of the present invention; wherein: 7, movable fine-tuning module; 71, external fixing nut; 711, external plate; 72, internal fixing nut; 722, internal plate; 73, bottom connecting rod; 74, ex vivo tooth.

[0036] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of mandibular base of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to more clearly explain the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings show only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit its implementation. The present invention can be implemented in various forms, and its design concept and core technology are not limited by the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of providing these embodiments is to make it easier for technicians to understand the principles, structures and functions of the present invention, so as to better grasp and apply its technical solutions. The terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] Combined with Figure 4-7 A dental model for simulating the entire process of endodontic treatment, comprising an upper jaw model 2, an upper jaw base 21, an upper jaw joint 22, a lower jaw model 1, a lower jaw base 11, a lower jaw joint 12, a connecting device 4, a neck joint 3, and a tail fixing device 5; the upper jaw model 2 is fixed on the upper jaw base 21, and the upper jaw base 21 is connected to the upper jaw joint 22; the lower jaw model 1 is fixed on the lower jaw base 11, and the lower jaw base 11 is connected to the lower jaw joint 12; the upper jaw joint 22 and the lower jaw joint 12 are connected to the neck joint 3 through a "Y"-shaped connecting device 4, and the neck joint 3 is fixedly connected to the tail fixing device 5.

[0040] The structure of the mandibular model 1 is as follows: The mandibular model 1 includes a mandibular shell 6 , a movable fine-adjustment module 7 and an ex-vivo tooth 74 .

[0041] The mandibular shell 6 is made of a hollow transparent hard material; the interior is a "U"-shaped cavity structure with a closed end at the bottom to simulate the shape of the alveolar bone and an open top to facilitate the insertion of the ex-vivo tooth 74 from top to bottom through the top; the interior of the mandibular shell 6 is filled with a water-absorbent gel material, and there is a fixing track 63 at the bottom.

[0042] The upper part of the inner and outer sides of the mandibular shell 6 is provided with 14 pairs of long oval inner fixing slots 62 and outer fixing slots 61 that cooperate with each other, corresponding to the positions of different teeth. The inner fixing nut 72 passes through the inner plate 722 and the inner fixing slot 62, and penetrates into the inner side of the movable fine-tuning module 7; the outer fixing nut 71 passes through the outer plate 711 and the outer fixing slot 61, and penetrates into the outer side of the movable fine-tuning module 7, so as to adjust and fix the movable fine-tuning module 7 and the ex vivo tooth 74. The tails of the inner fixing nut 72 and the outer fixing nut 71 are rotatable force-applying ends with an outer circle and an inner square, and the heads are used to fix the roots of the ex vivo tooth 74.

[0043] The removable fine-tuning module 7 is a detachable and positionally fine-tunable module, which is an open transparent cubic structure, fixed at a position set by the mandibular shell 6 through an internal fixing nut 72 and an external fixing nut 71; after the ex vivo tooth 74 is placed from top to bottom, the tooth neck is fixed by the internal fixing nut 72 and the external fixing nut 71, and the tooth root is immersed in the water-absorbent gel material inside the mandibular shell 6. The width of the removable fine-tuning module 7 is determined according to the position of the tooth, about 2-15 mm.

[0044] The top, bottom and adjacent sides of the movable fine-tuning module 7 are open, and the inner and outer sides are transparent flat structures, which are connected by a bottom connecting rod 73. The inner plate 722 and the outer plate 711 of the movable fine-tuning module 7 each have a clamping and fixing nut hole at the top. When the ex vivo tooth 74 is placed and reaches the predetermined position, the ex vivo tooth 74 is fixed by adjusting the inner fixing nut 72 and the outer fixing nut 71. The movable fine-tuning module 7 can be slightly moved in the horizontal position along the inner fixing groove 62 and the outer fixing groove 61 of the mandibular shell 6. By adjusting the tightness and position of the inner fixing nut 72 and the outer fixing nut 71, the three-dimensional position of the ex vivo tooth 74 is adjusted, the three-dimensional position of the tooth in the dentition is highly restored, and the ex vivo tooth 74 can be quickly replaced, so that the model can be recycled. The crown of the ex vivo tooth 74 is exposed above the mandibular shell 6, and the root is placed inside the mandibular shell 6 and is surrounded by a moist water-absorbing hydrogel material, so that the ex vivo tooth 74 is in a water-electrolyte environment, thereby simulating the moist environment of the alveolar bone.

[0045] There is a connecting water injection hole 64 on each of the left and right sides of the mandibular shell 6. The connecting water injection hole 64 can connect the inside and outside of the mandibular shell 6. On the one hand, the metal hook of the root canal measuring instrument can be hung, and on the other hand, deionized water can be injected to quantitatively control the water content inside the model, simulate the moist environment of the alveolar bone, and then simulate and restore the conditions such as root length measurement in root canal treatment and blood interference in root canal perforation repair. There is a square detachable sheet 65 on the outside of the anterior teeth, premolars and molar areas of the mandibular shell 6. The square detachable sheet 65 is fixed to the mandibular shell 6 by a buckle, which can be detached and replaced, and is used to simulate the buccal bone window during apical surgery.

[0046] The mandibular shell 6 is mechanically fixed to the mandibular base 11 by screws at the bottom, and the mandibular base 11 is connected to the mandibular joint 12 to realize the linkage between the mandibular shell 6 and the mandibular joint 12. The end of the mandibular shell 6 is a pluggable closure plug 66, through which the movable fine-tuning module 7 can be horizontally loaded, unloaded and replaced. The top of the mandibular shell 6 is an inward folding structure, which limits the upward movement of the movable fine-tuning module 7 in the mandibular shell 6; there is a track 63 at the bottom of the inner layer of the mandibular shell 6 to limit the downward movement of the fine-tuning module.

[0047] The mandibular model 1 is surrounded by a silicone skin with good elasticity, and the shape of the silicone skin is consistent with the mandibular shell 6. The silicone skin has holes inside and outside to expose the inner fixing nut 72 and the outer fixing nut 71. The lower part of the silicone skin is in an open state, which is convenient for being put on the mandibular model 1. The upper part of the silicone skin is a wavy open structure to simulate the gingival shape. There are 14 circular holes on the top, through which the crown of the ex vivo tooth 74 passes, and the silicone skin surrounds the neck of the ex vivo tooth 74, and the crown of the ex vivo tooth 74 is exposed.

[0048] The upper jaw model 2 has the same structure as the lower jaw model 1 .

[0049] The maxillary joint 22 and the mandibular joint 12 can adjust the upper and lower opening and closing angles through the rotating shaft, and can imitate the opening, closing and biting movements of the mouth.

[0050] The neck joint 3 can imitate the up, down, left, and right rotation of the head to control the overall direction of the model head.

[0051] The tail fixing device 5 can be fixed to a variety of scenes such as a dental chair or an operating table to achieve overall fixation of the simulated dental model.

[0052] Finally, we need to emphasize that the embodiments provided here are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dental model for endodontic treatment of the whole process, comprising an upper jaw model, an upper jaw base, an upper jaw joint, a lower jaw model, a lower jaw base, a lower jaw joint, a connecting device, a neck joint, and a tail fixing device; characterized in that: The maxillary model is fixed on the maxillary base, which is connected to the maxillary joint; the mandibular model is fixed on the mandibular base, which is connected to the mandibular joint; the maxillary joint and the mandibular joint are connected to the neck joint through a "Y"-shaped connecting device, and the neck joint is fixedly connected to the tail fixing device; the mandibular model includes a mandibular shell, a movable fine-adjustment module and an ex vivo tooth; the interior of the mandibular shell is filled with hydrogel material; the movable fine-adjustment module is a detachable and fine-adjustable module, the crown of the ex vivo tooth is exposed above the mandibular shell, and the root is placed inside the mandibular shell and surrounded by the hydrogel material.

2. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular shell is made of a hollow transparent hard material; the interior is a "U"-shaped cavity structure with a closed end at the bottom to simulate the shape of the alveolar bone and an open top to facilitate the insertion of the ex vivo tooth from top to bottom through the top; there is a fixing track at the bottom of the mandibular shell.

3. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper parts of the inner and outer sides of the mandibular shell are provided with 14 pairs of long oval inner fixing slots and outer fixing slots that cooperate with each other, corresponding to the positions of different teeth; the inner fixing nut passes through the inner plate and the inner fixing slot, and penetrates into the inner side of the movable fine-tuning module; the outer fixing nut passes through the outer plate and the outer fixing slot, and penetrates into the outer side of the movable fine-tuning module, so as to realize the adjustment and fixation of the movable fine-tuning module and the ex vivo teeth.

4. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable fine-tuning module is an open transparent cubic structure, which is fixed at the set position of the mandibular shell by an internal fixing nut and an external fixing nut; after the ex vivo tooth is placed from top to bottom, the neck of the tooth is fixed by the internal fixing nut and the external fixing nut, and the tooth root is immersed in the water-absorbent gel material inside the mandibular shell; the width of the movable fine-tuning module is determined according to the position of the tooth, which is 2-15mm.

5. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top, bottom and adjacent two sides of the movable fine-tuning module are open, and the inner and outer sides are transparent flat plate structures, which are connected by a bottom connecting rod. The top upper part of the inner plate and the outer plate of the movable fine-tuning module each has a clamping fixing nut hole; when the ex vivo tooth is inserted and reaches a predetermined position, the ex vivo tooth is fixed by adjusting the inner fixing nut and the outer fixing nut, and the three-dimensional position of the ex vivo tooth is adjusted, so as to highly restore the three-dimensional position of the tooth in the dentition.

6. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a connecting water injection hole on each of the left and right sides of the mandibular shell, and the connecting water injection holes connect the inside and outside of the mandibular shell to realize the simulation of root canal length measurement in root canal treatment; there is a square detachable plate on the outside of the anterior teeth, premolars and molar areas of the mandibular shell, which is fixed to the mandibular shell by a buckle.

7. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular shell is mechanically fixed to the mandibular base by screws at the bottom, and the mandibular base is connected to the mandibular joint; the end of the mandibular shell is a pluggable closing plug, through which the movable fine-tuning module can be horizontally loaded and unloaded and replaced; the top of the mandibular shell is an inward folding structure, which limits the upward movement of the movable fine-tuning module in the mandibular shell; there is a track at the bottom of the inner layer of the mandibular shell, which limits the downward movement of the fine-tuning module.

8. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mandibular model is wrapped by a silicone skin, and the shape of the silicone skin is consistent with the mandibular outer shell; there are holes inside and outside the silicone skin to expose the internal fixing nut and the external fixing nut, the lower part of the silicone skin is in an open state, the upper part is a wavy open structure, and the top is 14 circular holes, through which the crown of the ex vivo tooth passes, the silicone skin wraps around the neck of the ex vivo tooth, and the crown of the ex vivo tooth is exposed.

9. The model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The upper jaw model has the same structure as the lower jaw model.

10. The model according to claim 9, characterized in that: The maxillary joint and the mandibular joint can be adjusted in up and down opening and closing angles through a rotating shaft; the neck joint imitates the up and down, left and right rotation of the head; and the tail fixing device is fixed on a dental chair or an operating table to fix the entire simulated dental jaw model.

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