Antenna assembly, antenna array and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses an antenna assembly, an antenna array and communication equipment, and the antenna assembly comprises two antenna units which are orthogonally arranged to form a dual-polarized antenna; each antenna unit comprises a feed structure and two opposite radiators, the feed structure comprises a feed line and two metal bodies, the feed line is respectively coupled with the two metal bodies and is used for feeding to the two metal bodies, and the two radiators are respectively coupled with the feed line. The two metal bodies are coupled with the two radiators in a one-to-one manner and are used for feeding power to the corresponding radiators; the feed line is connected with the first opening resonators, and the first opening resonators are in one-to-one correspondence with the metal bodies in position. By loading the first opening resonator, the gain response suppression degree of the antenna assembly in a high-frequency stop band is improved, the impedance matching performance of the antenna assembly is improved, the working bandwidth is widened under the condition that the size of the antenna assembly is not increased, and the antenna assembly is suitable for being applied to a broadband wireless communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly, an antenna array and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, filter antennas that integrate the functions of filters and antennas have entered people's field of vision as a new type of antenna. Filter antennas have good selection characteristics and out-of-band suppression capabilities in terms of frequency response and gain response. Using them as RF front-end equipment in communication systems can effectively improve the anti-interference ability of communication systems.

[0003] Most of the current filter antennas are in narrowband working mode, and their bandwidth cannot cover multiple communication frequency bands. However, broadband antennas working in multiple communication formats can effectively reduce the number of base stations, thereby reducing the construction cost of base stations. Therefore, filter antennas with excellent gain response out-of-band suppression and broadband working bandwidth will have significant engineering practical value in the field of wireless communication systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application discloses an antenna assembly, an antenna array and a communication device. The antenna assembly has both excellent gain response out-of-band suppression and wideband operating bandwidth performance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an antenna assembly is provided, which includes: two antenna units arranged orthogonally to form a dual-polarized antenna; each of the antenna units includes a feeding structure and two opposing radiators, the feeding structure includes a feed line and two metal bodies, the feed lines are respectively coupled to the two metal bodies and used to feed the two metal bodies, the two metal bodies are one-to-one coupled to the two radiators and used to feed the corresponding radiators; the feed line is connected to a first open resonator, wherein the first open resonator corresponds one-to-one to the position of the metal body.

[0007] The embodiment of the present application not only improves the gain response suppression of the antenna component in the high-frequency stop band, but also improves the impedance matching performance of the antenna component by loading the first open resonator, thereby widening the working bandwidth without increasing the size of the antenna component itself.

[0008] Optionally, the feed line is further connected to a second open resonator corresponding to the metal body on a one-to-one basis, and the second open resonator is arranged in a region enclosed by the corresponding first open resonator.

[0009] Optionally, the first open-ended resonator and the second open-ended resonator are both connected to the feed line through one end of the opening, and the first open-ended resonator and the second open-ended resonator are arranged in opposite directions.

[0010] Optionally, in each of the antenna units, two of the first open-end resonators are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] Optionally, each of the metal bodies is provided with a first slit whose opening is located at an edge of the metal body.

[0012] Optionally, the first gap is L-shaped.

[0013] Optionally, each of the radiators includes a metal patch, and a plurality of periodic slow-wave gaps are sequentially arranged at intervals along the edge of the radiator.

[0014] Optionally, the slow-wave notch is rectangular, inverted T-shaped or Y-shaped.

[0015] Optionally, each of the radiators includes a metal patch, the radiator is provided with a hollow area, and a microstrip line is provided in the hollow area; the microstrip line includes a trunk and at least two branches connected to the trunk, and the trunk is connected to the metal body; a gap is formed between the microstrip line and the radiator, and the microstrip line is indirectly coupled to the radiator.

[0016] Optionally, each of the branches includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is connected to the trunk, and the second segment is connected to an end of the first segment away from the trunk;

[0017] The line width of the second segment is greater than the line width of the first segment, or the second segment is connected to the first segment in a bending manner.

[0018] In a second aspect, an antenna array is provided, which includes a plurality of antennas distributed in an array, wherein at least some of the antennas are antenna assemblies described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0019] The advantages of the antenna array and the above-mentioned antenna assembly over the prior art are the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: the antenna assembly described in any of the above technical solutions or the antenna array described in the above technical solutions.

[0021] The advantages of the communication device and the antenna array or the antenna assembly described above compared with the prior art are the same and will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1An exploded view of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 An assembly diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 a top view of the antenna assembly shown;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the combination of the middle feed structure 2a;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the feeding structure 2a from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 6 express Figure 5 A variation of the feeding structure 2a shown;

[0028] Figure 7 express Figure 1 S-parameter simulation diagram of the antenna assembly shown;

[0029] Figure 8 express Figure 1 Gain simulation diagram of the antenna assembly shown;

[0030] Fig. 9 express Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point A in FIG.

[0031] Fig.10 express Fig. 9 A variation of the structure shown;

[0032] Fig.11 express Fig. 9 Another variation of the structure shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted in advance that the term "coupling" in the embodiments of the present application means that the first element can feed power to the second element. It can be direct coupling, that is, the first element is in direct contact with the second element, or it can be indirect coupling, that is, the first element and the second element are not in direct contact and have a certain gap, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first element are fed into the second element through the gap.

[0035] Combination Figures 1 to 3 The antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: two orthogonally arranged antenna units, such as antenna unit a and antenna unit b, to form a dual-polarized antenna; each antenna unit includes a feeding structure and two opposing radiators, such as antenna unit a includes a feeding structure 2a and two opposing radiators 1a, and the two opposing radiators 1a can be symmetrical about the central axis L of the antenna assembly, or one radiator 1a can be rotated 180° around the central axis L to obtain another radiator 1a. For example, antenna unit b includes a feeding structure 2b and two opposing radiators 1b, and the two opposing radiators 1b can be symmetrical about the central axis L of the antenna assembly, or one radiator 1b can be rotated 180° around the central axis L to obtain another radiator 1b. The two opposing radiators 1a can be arranged crosswise with the two opposing radiators 1b to orthogonally form a dual-polarized radiation structure. The radiator 1a and the radiator 1b can be a sector-shaped metal patch structure with the same center (a point on the central axis L), and the two radiators 1a and the two radiators 1b form a circular overall outline. Alternatively, the radiator 1a and the radiator 1b can also be a square metal patch structure, and the two radiators 1a and the two radiators 1b form a square overall outline. The radiator 1a and the radiator 1b can both be attached to a square dielectric substrate S, specifically, they can be a metal layer printed on the dielectric substrate S, or they can be a metal sheet fixed on the dielectric substrate S. Alternatively, the radiator 1a and the radiator 1b can also be a metal plate with sufficient supporting strength without the need for support from the dielectric substrate S. Figure 1 In the figure, the total size of the dielectric substrate S can be exemplarily 0.42λ to 0.48λ in length, such as 0.42λ, 0.44λ, 0.45λ, 0.47λ and 0.47λ, etc., and 0.42λ to 0.48λ in width, such as 0.42λ, 0.44λ, 0.45λ, 0.47λ and 0.47λ, etc., and the thickness (including the radiator 1a and the radiator 1b) can be 0.170λ to 0.180λ, 0.170λ, 0.173λ, 0.175λ, 0.178λ and 0.180λ, etc., where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency point in the working frequency band of the antenna component, thereby, a miniaturized antenna component can be obtained.

[0036] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The feeding structure may adopt a balun (balun, balanced to unbalanced) feeding structure. Taking the feeding structure 2a as an example, the feeding structure 2a includes a feeding line 220 and two metal bodies 210. The feeding line 220 is coupled to the two metal bodies 210 and is used to feed the two metal bodies 210. Figure 4 and Figure 5In the figure, the feed line 220 can be a microstrip feed line and is attached to one surface of the dielectric support plate M. The metal body 210 can be a metal patch and is attached (such as printed) to the other surface of the dielectric support plate M. The feed line 220 is respectively arranged opposite to the two metal bodies 210 to achieve coupling and feeding between the feed line 220 and the two metal bodies 210; a metal reflector 3 is provided below the dielectric support plate M, and the bottom end of the dielectric support plate M is inserted into the card slot 31a of the metal reflector 3. The metal body 210 is connected to the metal reflector 3 to achieve grounding. The top of the metal reflector 3 is provided with protrusions V that correspond to the two metal bodies 210 in position one by one. The metal body 210 extends to the corresponding protrusions V, and the protrusions V are inserted into the corresponding sockets of the dielectric substrate S to achieve fixed connection with the dielectric substrate S. The metal body 210 extending to the raised portion V is directly or indirectly connected to and fed to the radiator 1a, so that the two metal bodies 210 are coupled one-to-one with the two radiators 1a and are used to feed the corresponding radiators 1a; the feed line 220 is connected to a first open resonator 221 corresponding one-to-one to the position of the metal body 210, and the first open resonator 221 can be a single-turn spiral structure connected to the corresponding metal body 210. By loading the first open resonator 221, the impedance matching performance of the antenna assembly can be improved, thereby broadening the working bandwidth without increasing the size of the antenna assembly itself. Figure 7 express Figure 1 The S parameter simulation diagram of the antenna assembly shown can represent the working impedance bandwidth. It can be seen that the working frequency band covers 3.34 GHz to 4.82 GHz when the return loss of port 1 and port 2 of the antenna assembly is greater than 14 dB, and the isolation between port 1 and port 2 is greater than 23 dB. The structure of the feed structure 2b can refer to the feed structure 2a, and the feed structure 2b and the feed structure 2a are cross-arranged.

[0037] At the same time, loading the first open resonator 221 can suppress higher harmonics in the high-frequency stop band and improve the gain suppression response in the stop band. Figure 8 express Figure 1 As shown in the gain simulation diagram of the antenna assembly, the gain of the antenna assembly in the operating frequency band is about 9dBi, and good gain filtering characteristics are achieved on both sides of the passband. The gain suppression in the low-frequency and high-frequency stopbands is greater than 16dB.

[0038] Figure 6 express Figure 5 A variation of the feeding structure 2a shown, referring to Figure 6In a specific embodiment, taking the feeding structure 2a as an example, the feed line 220 is also connected to a second open resonator 222 which is one-to-one with the metal body 210, and the second open resonator 222 is arranged in the area surrounded by the corresponding first open resonator 221, so as to further improve the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna component, expand the bandwidth, and further suppress the high-order harmonics in the high-frequency stop band, thereby improving the gain suppression response in the stop band.

[0039] Continue to refer Figure 6 In a specific embodiment, still taking the feeding structure 2a as an example, the first open resonator 221 and the second open resonator 222 are both connected to the feed line 220 through one end of the opening, and the first open resonator 221 and the second open resonator 222 are arranged in opposite directions to form complementary open resonators. Compared with the case where the first open resonator 221 and the second open resonator 222 are arranged in the same direction, the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna assembly can be further improved, the bandwidth can be expanded, and the high-order harmonics in the high-frequency stop band can be further suppressed, and the gain suppression response in the stop band can be improved.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, in each antenna unit, two first open-ended resonators are symmetrically arranged. For example, in antenna unit a, two first open-ended resonators 221 are symmetrically arranged, which can improve the symmetry of the directional pattern of the antenna assembly.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, taking the feeding structure 2a as an example, each metal body 210 is provided with a first slit 211 opening at the edge of the metal body 210. The first slit 211 can increase the electrical size of the metal body 210. Figure 7 , so that the common-mode resonant mode of the antenna component at the low frequency moves downward to keep it away from the working frequency band of the antenna component and remove the interference signal in the low-frequency stop band.

[0042] The first slot 211 can have various forms. In a specific embodiment, the first slot 211 is L-shaped. Compared with the straight first slot 211, the common-mode resonant mode of the antenna component at the low frequency can be further shifted down to make it further away from the operating frequency band of the antenna component and remove the interference signal in the low-frequency stop band.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, Fig. 9 express Figure 3 The enlarged view of the part A in the figure is shown in Figure 1. Fig. 9 Continuing with antenna unit a as an example, multiple periodic slow-wave gaps U are sequentially arranged along the edge of the radiator 1a (specifically, the arc edge thereof). The relevant structure of antenna unit b can refer to antenna unit a. Based on the slow-wave effect, reference Figure 7 , which can move the low-frequency resonance point downward.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, Fig.10 express Fig. 9 A variation of the structure shown, Fig.11 express Fig. 9 Another variation of the structure shown, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The slow wave gap U is rectangular, which is convenient for processing and reduces the difficulty of the process, or refer to Fig.11 The slow-wave notch U is in an inverted T-shape or a Y-shape, so as to further increase the electrical size, thereby further moving the low-frequency resonance point downward.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , continuing to take antenna unit a as an example, the radiator 1a is provided with a hollow area W, and a microstrip line 11a is provided in the hollow area W; the microstrip line 11a includes a trunk 120 and at least two branches 110 connected to the trunk 120, specifically two branches 110, to form a Y-shaped microstrip line, the trunk 120 is connected to the metal body 210, specifically a through hole 121 can be opened in the trunk 120, and the protrusion V is inserted into the through hole 121 to achieve electrical connection between the extended part of the metal body 210 and the trunk 120; a gap is formed between the microstrip line 11a and the radiator 1a, and the microstrip line 11a is indirectly coupled with the radiator 1a, so as to facilitate indirect coupling excitation of the radiator 1a, and at the same time generate a radiation zero point at a high frequency (reference Figure 7 ), the metal body 210 is indirectly coupled to the radiator 1a through the microstrip line 11a, and the impedance matching degree can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the coupling gap. The relevant structure of the antenna unit b can refer to the antenna unit a.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, each branch 110 includes a first segment 111 and a second segment 112, the first segment 111 is connected to the trunk 120, and the second segment 112 is connected to an end of the first segment 111 away from the trunk 120; the line width of the second segment 112 can be greater than the line width of the first segment 111, forming a stepped branch 110, so as to increase the line size of the branch 110, the second segment 112 and the first segment 111 extend in the same direction, and the different line width ratios of the second segment 112 and the first segment 111 can achieve the control of the frequency position corresponding to the high-frequency radiation zero point; or, the second segment 112 is connected to the first segment 111 in a bent manner, so as to increase the line size of the branch 110 without increasing the physical size, and the line width of the second segment 112 can be equal to the line width of the first segment 111.

[0047] Based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna array, which includes a plurality of antennas distributed in an array, wherein at least some of the antennas are antenna assemblies provided in the above embodiment. The effects can refer to the antenna assemblies provided in the above embodiment.

[0048] Based on the same application concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes: the antenna assembly provided in the above embodiment or the antenna array provided in the above embodiment. The effect can refer to the antenna assembly provided in the above embodiment or the antenna array provided in the above embodiment.

[0049] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: include: Two antenna units arranged orthogonally; Each of the antenna units comprises a feeding structure and two opposite radiators, the feeding structure comprises a feeding line and two metal bodies, the feeding lines are respectively coupled with the two metal bodies and used to feed the two metal bodies, the two metal bodies are coupled with the two radiators one-to-one and used to feed the corresponding radiators; The feed line is connected to a first open resonator, wherein the first open resonator corresponds to the metal body in one-to-one position.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed line is further connected to a second open resonator which is one-to-one with the metal body, and the second open resonator is arranged in a region surrounded by the corresponding first open resonator.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first open-ended resonator and the second open-ended resonator are both connected to the feed line through one end of the opening, and the first open-ended resonator and the second open-ended resonator are arranged in opposite directions.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each of the antenna units, two of the first split resonators are symmetrically arranged.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the metal bodies is provided with a first slit whose opening is located at the edge of the metal body.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first gap is L-shaped.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the radiators includes a metal patch, and a plurality of periodic slow-wave gaps are sequentially arranged at intervals along the edge of the radiator.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slow-wave notch is rectangular, inverted T-shaped or Y-shaped.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the radiators comprises a metal patch, the radiator is provided with a hollow area, and a microstrip line is provided in the hollow area; The microstrip line includes a trunk and at least two branches connected to the trunk, and the trunk is connected to the metal body; A gap is formed between the microstrip line and the radiator, and the microstrip line is indirectly coupled to the radiator.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each of the branches includes a first segment and a second segment, wherein the first segment is connected to the trunk, and the second segment is connected to an end of the first segment away from the trunk; The line width of the second segment is greater than the line width of the first segment, or the second segment is connected to the first segment in a bending manner.

11. An antenna array, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of antennas distributed in an array, wherein at least some of the antennas are the antenna assemblies according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A communication device, characterized in that: include: The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the antenna array according to claim 11.

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