L1 / L2 mobility and cell group activation / deactivation

Abstract

A method of wireless communication at a UE is disclosed. The method includes receiving an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of a plurality of cell groups, including. Each cell group includes a plurality of cells. Cell groups within the set of the plurality of cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. The method further includes receiving an L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from the one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell that functions as a SpCell.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. patent application serial number 17 / 815,471, filed on July 27, 2022, entitled “L1 / L2 MOBILITY AND CELL GROUP ACTIVATION / DEACTIVATION,” which is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly to mobility and cell group activation / deactivation.

[0004] introduction

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcast. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0006] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT)) and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC). Certain aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. In addition, these improvements may also be applicable to other multiple access technologies and telecommunication standards that employ these technologies. Summary of the invention

[0007] A simplified summary of one or more aspects is presented below to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an extensive review of all contemplated aspects. This summary is neither intended to identify key or important elements of all aspects, nor to describe the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description presented later.

[0008] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) are provided. The apparatus is configured to: receive an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for inter-cell mobility of layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2), each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and receive L1 or L2 signaling indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a special cell (SpCell).

[0009] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus for wireless communication at a network node are provided. The apparatus is configured to: send L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for inter-cell mobility of layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2), each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and send L1 or L2 signaling indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including cells used as special cells (SpCells).

[0010] To achieve the aforementioned and related purposes, one or more aspects include the features fully described below and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings set forth in detail some exemplary features of one or more aspects. However, these features are only indicative of only some of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects can be employed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0012] Figure 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 2Cis a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a user equipment (UE) in an access network.

[0017] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating example communications between a base station and a UE for beamforming according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example cell designation.

[0019] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0020] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0021] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0022] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0023] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0024] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0025] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration.

[0026] Fig.13 is a diagram illustrating example messages for layer 1 (L1) / layer 2 (L2) cell group activation and primary cell group (PCG) selection.

[0027] Fig.14 is a diagram illustrating example messages for L1 / L2 cell group activation and PCG selection.

[0028] Fig.15 is an example communication flow diagram.

[0029] Fig.16 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0030] Fig.17 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0031] Fig.18is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0032] Fig.19 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0033] Fig. 20 are diagrams illustrating examples of hardware implementations of example devices and / or network entities.

[0034] Fig.21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] A network node (e.g., a base station) may use layer 3 (L3) handover (e.g., using radio resource control (RRC) signaling) to change a special cell (SpCell) for a UE. However, L3 handover may be time consuming and / or inefficient. The various aspects presented herein provide a mechanism for changing PCG and / or SpCell more quickly without reducing the quality of service. A network node utilizing an improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme is able to change the SpCell for a UE in a faster manner than an L3 (RRC)-based approach. In one example, a UE receives an L1 or L2 mobile cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups, each cell group comprising multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups are able to be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. The UE receives L1 or L2 signaling indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG comprising a cell used as a special cell (SpCell). Via the aforementioned L1 or L2 signaling, the SpCell (or PCG) can be changed in a manner that avoids RRC-based signaling. Therefore, the SpCell can be changed in a faster manner compared to RRC-based signaling. The improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme can also be used to perform cell group activation / deactivation for a set of multiple cell groups. Changes in PCG and cell group activation / deactivation can be performed simultaneously in the same message or separately in different messages.

[0036] The detailed description set forth below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is a description of various configurations and does not represent the only configurations with which the concepts described herein can be practiced. In order to provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the specific embodiments include specific details. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring these concepts.

[0037] Several aspects of the telecommunication system are also presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0038] By way of example, an element or any part of an element or any combination of elements can be implemented as a "processing system", which includes one or more processors. The example of a processor includes a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a graphics processing unit (GPU), a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processor, a system on a chip (SoC), a baseband processor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a state machine, a gate logic part, a discrete hardware circuit and other suitable hardware configured to perform various functionalities described throughout the present disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system can execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions or any combination thereof.

[0039] Therefore, in one or more example aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases, the described functions may be implemented with hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented with software, the functions may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

[0040] Although various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases are described in this application by the illustration of some examples, additional or different aspects, specific implementations and use cases may be generated in many different arrangements and scenarios. The various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes and packaging arrangements. For example, various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases can be generated via integrated chip specific implementations and other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail / purchase equipment, medical equipment, devices that enable artificial intelligence (AI), etc.). Although some examples may be specifically for use cases or applications, or may not be specifically for use cases or applications, the described examples may have a wide range of applicability. Various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases may be in the range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level specific implementations, and further to the range of aggregated, distributed or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems in conjunction with one or more technologies herein. In some practical environments, the equipment in conjunction with the various aspects and features described may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the various aspects claimed and described. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily include multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / accumulators, etc.) The techniques described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices of various sizes, shapes, and configurations, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or disaggregated components, end-user devices, etc.

[0041] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged with various components or constituent parts in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a radio access network (RAN) node, a core network node, a network element or network equipment (such as a base station (BS)), or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality can be implemented in an aggregated architecture or a decomposed architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR BS, a 5G NB (which may be referred to as a gNB), an access point (AP), a transmit receive point (TRP) or a cell, etc.) can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as an independent BS or a monolithic BS) or a decomposed base station.

[0042] A converged base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A decomposed base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed in one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of a CU, a DU, and a RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0043] Base station operation or network design may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a disaggregated base station may be used in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (network configuration such as that initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). Decomposition may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing functionality of at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Various units of a disaggregated base station or disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0044] Figure 1 1 is a diagram 100 illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a disaggregated base station architecture. The disaggregated base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110 that may communicate directly with a core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more disaggregated base station units, such as a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both. The CU 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via corresponding midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DU 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via corresponding fronthaul links. The RU 140 may communicate with corresponding UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0045] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125, non-RT RIC 115, and SMO framework 105) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or send signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interface of the unit may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via a transmission medium. For example, the units may include a wired interface configured to receive or send signals to one or more of the other units on a wired transmission medium. Additionally, the units may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) configured to receive or send signals, or both, to one or more of the other units on a wireless transmission medium.

[0046] In some aspects, CU 110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by CU 110. CU 110 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., central unit-user plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., central unit-control plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, CU 110 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). As needed, CU 110 may be implemented to communicate with DU 130 for network control and signaling.

[0047] DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 140. In some aspects, DU 130 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) depending at least in part on a functional split such as that defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, DU 130 may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 130 or with control functions hosted by CU 110.

[0048] The lower layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 140. In some deployments, the RU 140 controlled by the DU 130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.), or both, based at least in part on functional splitting (such as lower layer functional splitting). In such an architecture, the RU 140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some specific implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the implementation of the DU 130 and the CU 110 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0049] The SMO framework 105 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 190) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 105 may communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some specific implementations, the SMO framework 105 may communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 105 .

[0050] The non-RT RIC 115 may be configured to include logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 may be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 125 (such as via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to include logic functions that enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface (such as via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 110, one or more DUs 130, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 125.

[0051] In some implementations, in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 105 (such as via reconfiguration of O1) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0052] At least one of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 may be referred to as a base station 102. Therefore, the base station 102 may include one or more of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dotted line to indicate that each component may be included in the base station 102, or may not be included in the base station). The base station 102 provides an access point to the core network 120 for the UE 104. The base station 102 may include a macro cell (a high-power cellular base station) and / or a small cell (a low-power cellular base station). Small cells include femto cells, pico cells, and micro cells. A network including both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include a home evolved Node B (eNB) (HeNB), which may provide services to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU 140 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also known as reverse link) transmission from UE 104 to RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmission from RU 140 to UE 104. The communication link may use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may be through one or more carriers. For each carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation of up to Yx MHz (x component carriers) for transmission in each direction, the base station 102 / UE 104 may use a spectrum of up to Y MHz (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, etc.) bandwidth. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​compared to UL). The component carrier may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell).

[0053] Some UEs 104 may communicate with each other using a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). The D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communication systems, such as, for example, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

[0054] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with a UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in a 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum, etc. When communicating in an unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether a channel is available prior to communication.

[0055] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band in various documents and articles. A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) identified as the "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0056] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz-24.25GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, so the features of FR1 and / or FR2 can be effectively extended to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operations to more than 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6GHz-71GHz), FR4 (71GHz-114.25GHz) and FR5 (114.25GHz-300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0057] In view of the above, unless otherwise specified, if the term "6 GHz or less" is used in this document, it can be broadly referred to as a frequency that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise specified, if the term "millimeter wave" is used in this document, it can be broadly referred to as a frequency that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2 and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.

[0058] The base station 102 and the UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. The base station 102 may send a beamformed signal 182 to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 102 in one or more receive directions. The UE 104 may also send a beamformed signal 184 to the base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 102 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive direction and transmit direction for each of the base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit direction and receive direction of the base station 102 may be the same or different. The transmit direction and receive direction of the UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0059] The base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as a gNB, a Node B, an eNB, an access point, a transceiver base station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a transmit receive point (TRP), a network node, a network entity, a network equipment, or some other suitable term. The base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, an aggregated (monolithic) base station with a baseband unit (BBU) (including a CU and a DU) and a RU, or as a disaggregated base station including one or more of a CU, a DU, and / or a RU. A set of base stations that may include disaggregated base stations and / or aggregated base stations may be referred to as a next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0060] The core network 120 may include an access and mobility management function (AMF) 161, a session management function (SMF) 162, a user plane function (UPF) 163, a unified data management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. AMF 161 is a control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and core network 120. AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. UDM 164 supports the generation of authentication and key agreement (AKA) credentials, user identity handling, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are illustrated as including a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) 165 and a location management function (LMF) 166. However, in general, the one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, the LMF 166, the positioning determination entity (PDE), the serving mobile location center (SMLC), the mobile positioning center (MPC), etc. The GMLC 165 and the LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE positioning information. The LMF 166 receives measurements and assistance information from the NG-RAN and the UE 104 via the AMF 161 to calculate the positioning of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may determine the positioning of the UE 104 using one or more positioning methods. Positioning the UE 104 may involve signal measurements, positioning estimates, and optional speed calculations based on these measurements. Signal measurements may be performed by the UE 104 and / or the serving base station 102. The measured signals may be based on a satellite positioning system (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), a global positioning system (GPS), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), or other satellite positioning / location systems), LTE signals, wireless local area network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, a terrestrial beacon system (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor, a motion sensor), an NR enhanced cell ID (NR E-CID) method, NR signals (e.g., multi-round trip time (multi-RTT), DL angle of departure (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning), and / or one or more of other systems / signals / sensors.

[0061] Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smart phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet computers, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electric meters, gas pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare equipment, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional devices. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meters, gas pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as stations, mobile stations, subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, mobile phones, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also be applied to one or more supporting devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network collectively and / or individually.

[0062] Reference again Figure 1 In some aspects, the UE 104 may include an L1 / L2 mobility component 198, which is configured to: receive an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and receive L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a SpCell. In some aspects, the base station 102 may include an L1 / L2 mobility component, which is configured to: send an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and send L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a SpCell. Although the following description may focus on 5G NR, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar areas such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.

[0063] Figure 2A FIG200 is a diagram illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B FIG230 is a diagram illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2C FIG250 is a diagram illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2D FIG280 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within that subcarrier set are dedicated to either DL or UL, or may be time division duplex (TDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within that subcarrier set are dedicated to both DL and UL. Figure 2A , Figure 2C In the example provided, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (most of which are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 1 (all of which are UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 1 and 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0 to 61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and both UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The slot format is configured for the UE via a received slot format indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0064] FIG. 2A to FIG. 2D The frame structure is illustrated, and various aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10ms) may be divided into 10 subframes of the same size (1ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. A subframe may also include a microslot, which may include 7, 4 or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is conventional or extended. For a conventional CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for an extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. The symbol on the DL may be a CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbol. The symbol on the UL may be a CP-OFDM symbol (for high throughput scenarios) or a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol (also known as a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol) (for power-limited scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and parameter set. The number of slots within a subframe is based on the CP and the parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). The symbol length / duration can be scaled with 1 / SCS.

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 1: Parameter set, SCS and CP

[0068] For normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets μ0 to 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 slots per subframe. Accordingly, for normal CP and parameter set μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2 μ timeslots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing can be equal to 2 μ *15kHz, where μ is parameter set 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing for parameter set μ=0 is 15kHz, and the subcarrier spacing for parameter set μ=4 is 240kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIG. 2A to FIG. 2D An example of a parameter set μ=2 with a normal CP of 14 symbols per slot and 4 slots per subframe is provided. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is about 16.67 μs. Within a frame set, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) that are frequency-division multiplexed (see Figure 2B ). Each BWP may have a specific parameter set and CP (normal or extended).

[0069] A resource grid may be used to represent a frame structure. Each slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as a physical RB (PRB)) extending over 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into a plurality of resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0070] like Figure 2A As illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include a demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include a beam measurement RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0071] Figure 2BExamples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE including six RE groups (REGs), each REG including 12 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB. A PDCCH within a BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., a common search space, a UE-specific search space) during a PDCCH monitoring opportunity on a CORESET, wherein the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies on the channel bandwidth. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of a particular subframe of a frame. The PSS is used by UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of a particular subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identity group number and the radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the master information block (MIB) can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also referred to as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the system frame number (SFN) and the number of RBs in the system bandwidth. The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information such as system information blocks (SIBs) that are not sent via the PBCH, and paging messages.

[0072] like Figure 2C As illustrated, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may send a DM-RS for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and a DM-RS for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may be sent in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH is sent and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS may be sent in different configurations. The UE may send a sounding reference signal (SRS). The SRS may be sent in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and the UE may send the SRS on one of the teeth of the comb. The SRS may be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to achieve frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0073] Figure 2DExamples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located at a position as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), precoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUSCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0074] Figure 3 370 is a block diagram of a base station 310 communicating with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets may be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with delivery of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0075] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1 (which includes the physical (PHY) layer) may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 handles the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be divided into parallel streams. Subsequently, each stream can be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time domain and / or frequency domain, and then combined using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially pre-coded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. Channel estimates may be derived from reference signals and / or channel state feedback sent by the UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier for transmission using a corresponding spatial stream.

[0076] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to a receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial stream destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they can be merged into a single OFDM symbol stream by the RX processor 356. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier and the reference signal are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation point sent by the base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally sent on the physical channel by the base station 310. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0077] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with a memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as a computer readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport channels and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operations.

[0078] Similar to the functions described in conjunction with DL transmissions performed by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with delivery of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0079] The TX processor 368 may use channel estimates derived by the channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback sent by the base station 310 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antennas 352 via separate transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx may modulate an RF carrier with a corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0080] UL transmissions are processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver functionality at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the RX processor 370.

[0081] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with a memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as a computer readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport channels and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operations.

[0082] As combined Figure 4As described in example 400 of FIG. 1 , a base station 402 and a UE 404 may communicate on an active data / control beam for both DL and UL communications. The base station and / or the UE may use a beam failure recovery procedure to switch to a new beam direction. Figure 4 , the base station 402 may send a beamformed signal to the UE 404 in one or more directions 402a, 402b, 402c, 402d, 402e, 402f, 402g, 402h. The UE 404 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 402 in one or more reception directions 404a, 404b, 404c, 404d. The UE 404 may also send a beamformed signal to the base station 402 in one or more directions 404a-404d. The base station 402 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 404 in one or more reception directions 402a-402h. The base station 402 / UE 404 may perform beam training to determine the best reception direction and transmission direction for each of the base station 402 / UE 404. The transmission direction and reception direction of the base station 402 may be the same or different. The transmission direction and reception direction of the UE 404 may be the same or different.

[0083] In response to different conditions, UE 404 may determine to switch beams, for example, between beams 402a-402h. The beam at UE 404 may be used for reception of downlink communications and / or transmission of uplink communications. In some examples, base station 402 may transmit a transmission that triggers beam switching of UE 404. For example, base station 402 may indicate a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state change, and in response, UE 404 may switch to a new beam for a new TCI state of base station 402. In some cases, the UE may receive a signal from a base station that is configured to trigger a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state change via, for example, a MAC control element (CE) command. The TCI state change may enable the UE to find the best UE receive beam corresponding to the TCI state from the base station and switch to such a beam. Switching beams may allow an enhanced or improved connection between the UE and the base station by ensuring that the transmitter and receiver communicate using the same configured beam set. In some aspects, a single MAC-CE command may be transmitted by the base station to trigger the change of the TCI state on multiple CCs.

[0084] The TCI state may include quasi-co-location (QCL) information, which the UE may use to derive timing / frequency errors and / or transmit / receive spatial filtering for transmitting / receiving signals. If the properties of the channel conveying the symbols on one antenna port can be inferred from the channel conveying the symbols on another antenna port, the two antenna ports are referred to as quasi-co-location. The base station may indicate the TCI state to the UE as a transmission configuration indicating the QCL relationship between a signal (e.g., a reference signal) and a signal to be transmitted / received. For example, the TCI state may indicate the QCL relationship between the DL RS in an RS set and the PDSCH / PDCCH DM-RS port. The TCI state may provide information about different beam selections used by the UE to transmit / receive various signals. Example RSs may be SSBs, tracking reference signals (TRSs) and associated CSI-RSs for tracking, CSI-RSs for beam management, CSI-RSs for CQI management, DM-RSs associated with non-UE-specific reception on PDSCH, and a subset of the control resource set (CORESET) (which may be a full set), etc. The TCI state may be defined to represent at least one source RS to provide a reference (eg, UE assumption) for determining a quasi co-location (QCL) or spatial filter. For example, the TCI state may define a QCL assumption between a source RS and a target RS.

[0085] Figure 5 500 is a diagram illustrating an example of dual connectivity and carrier aggregation (CA). UE 502 may be connected to a master cell group (MCG) 504 and a secondary cell group (SCG) 506. This arrangement may be referred to as dual connectivity (DC) 508. MCG 504 may be a group of serving cells associated with a master node having a control plane connection to a core network (e.g., core network 120). The master node may be a base station such as a gNB, eNB, etc. (i.e., a network entity). SCG 506 may be a group of serving cells associated with a secondary node that does not have a control plane connection to the core network. The secondary node may be a base station such as a gNB, eNB, etc. (i.e., a network entity). Based on various factors such as the location of UE 502, network status, etc., MCG 504 may become SCG 506 and SCG 506 may become MCG 504.

[0086] The MCG 504 includes a PCell 510. The MCG 504 may also include one or more SCells (e.g., a first SCell 512 and an Nth SCell 514, where N is a positive integer greater than one). The PCell 510, the first SCell 512, and / or the Nth SCell 514 may be in a CA 516 configuration. In some aspects, based on various factors such as the location of the UE 502, network status, etc., a primary cell may become a secondary cell or a secondary cell may become a primary cell.

[0087] The SCG 506 includes a primary secondary cell (PSCell) 518. The PSCell 518 is the primary cell of the SCG 506. The SCG 506 may also include one or more SCells (e.g., a first SCell 520 and an Mth SCell 522, where M is a positive integer greater than one). The PSCell 518, the first SCell 520, and / or the Mth SCell 522 may be in a CA configuration 524. In some aspects, based on various factors such as the location of the UE 502, network status, etc., the primary secondary cell may become a secondary cell or the secondary cell may become a primary secondary cell.

[0088] The PCell 510 of the MCG 504 and the PSCell 518 of the SCG 506 may be referred to as a special cell (SpCell) 526. For dual connectivity operations, the term SpCell refers to the PCell of the MCG or the PSCell of the SCG, for example, depending on whether the MAC entity is associated to the MCG or the SCG, respectively. The SpCell supports PUCCH transmission and contention-based random access and is always activated. The SpCell 526 is responsible for data and control functionality. In the absence of a DC (for example, when only the MCG 504 is configured and when the SCG 506 is not configured), the PCell 510 may be referred to as the SpCell 526. The cell group including the SpCell 526 may be referred to as a PCG. It should be understood that the SpCell may change based on various factors such as the location of the UE 502, the network status, etc. In one example, the network entity may configure the first SCell 512 as a primary cell and the M SCell 522 as a primary secondary cell to configure a new SpCell.

[0089] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform operations related to Figure 1 The reporting component 198 combines various aspects.

[0090] At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform operations related to Figure 1The L1 / L2 mobility configuration component 199 combines various aspects.

[0091] In a wireless communication system, the network may aim to ensure that the UE maintains connectivity with a network entity (e.g., a base station) when the UE moves within the network. Inter-cell mobility based on L1 / L2 may help reduce mobility latency. For example, the configuration and maintenance of multiple candidate cells may allow for rapid application of configurations for candidate cells. In addition, a dynamic switching mechanism between candidate serving cells (including SpCells and SCells) based on L1 / L2 signaling may further reduce latency.

[0092] Inter-cell mobility based on L1 / L2 is applicable to independent operation scenarios, CA scenarios, and DC (e.g., NR-DC) scenarios. In independent operation scenarios and CA scenarios, inter-cell mobility based on L1 / L2 is applicable to intra-DU situations and / or intra-CU inter-DU situations. Inter-cell mobility based on L1 / L2 is applicable in both FR1 and FR2 and in both intra-frequency and inter-frequency. In inter-cell mobility based on L1 / L2, the source cell and the target cell can be synchronized or asynchronous.

[0093] As described above, a network entity (eg, a base station) may use a layer 3 (L3) handover (eg, using RRC) to change SpCells. However, L3 handovers may be time consuming. Various aspects presented herein provide a mechanism to change SpCells more quickly without degrading quality of service.

[0094] In order to solve the above problems, this paper discloses an improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme. Compared with the L3 (RRC)-based method, a network entity using the improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme can activate or change the primary cell group and / or activate or change the SpCell in a faster manner. The improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme can use MAC-CE messages or DCI messages. The MAC-CE / DCI message can select / change the identity of the SpCell and activate / deactivate the cell group within the configured cell set.

[0095] The base station may configure a cell set for L1 / L2 mobility to the UE, for example, in RRC signaling. The cell set may be referred to as a set of L1 / L2 mobility configurations. A subset of the cells in the configured set may be activated and may be used for data and control transfer between the UE and the network. The subset of activated cells may be referred to as a set of cells activated for L1 / L2 mobility. A subset of the set of L1 / L2 mobility configurations may be deactivated and may be referred to as a set of L1 / L2 mobility deactivated. The set of cells deactivated for L1 / L2 may be activated for the UE via L1 / L2 signaling from the network. The various aspects presented herein provide group-level mobility management for an activated set, for example, providing L1 / L2 signaling, which may be used to activate / deactivate a cell group within a cell set of L1 / L2 mobility configurations and / or select a beam within an activated cell. Group-level mobility management may provide seamless mobility within an activated cell group within a set. Figure 6 600 is a diagram illustrating an example cell configuration and group level mobility management. In diagram 600 (and in subsequent diagrams), triangles represent cells, and groups of overlapping triangles represent cell groups (i.e., cell groups). A network entity (e.g., base station 102, 310, 402 or network entity 2102) configures a cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration for a UE (e.g., UE 104, 350, 404) via RRC. For example, the network entity may configure each cell group within the cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration using L1L2MobilityCellGroupConfigList. L1 / L2 signaling may indicate an activation state of each cell group within the cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration. For example, the network entity may activate and / or deactivate a cell group from the set using L1 / L2 signaling. Activation and / or deactivation may be based on signal quality measurements, load, etc. When a UE connects to a new cell within a cell group (e.g., cell group 606), the UE may connect to each cell in the cell group. Fig.15 An example communication flow 1500 between a BS 1504 and a UE 1502 with group level L1 / L2 mobility management is illustrated. Fig.15 As shown, at 1506, BS 1504 may send a cell set configuration of L1 / L2 mobility configuration to UE 1502 via RRC signaling. The configuration may configure one or more cell groups for L1 / L2 mobility management. The cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration may be configured to cover a meaningful mobility area. Fig.15As shown, at 1507, UE 1502 may send a confirmation to BS 1504 after receiving the cell set configuration of the L1 / L2 mobility configuration, wherein the confirmation may indicate that the RRC reconfiguration is complete. After sending the confirmation at 1514, UE 1502 may start performing L1 measurements at 1514 and report the L1 measurements to BS 1504 at 1516.

[0096] Figure 6 An L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 is shown from the L1 / L2 mobility configured cell set 602. For example, referring to Fig.15 At 1508A, BS 1504 may send L1 / L2 signaling to UE 1502, the L1 / L2 signaling activating (e.g., including an indication of activation) a group of cells (e.g., cell group 606). BS 1504 may send L1 / L2 signaling to UE 1502 at 1508A after 1506 and 1507 described above. In some aspects, BS 1504 may use Fig.13 and Fig.14 The L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 is signaled using various aspects of the message format described in the description of FIG. The L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 includes (at least one) cell group 606 that is activated and can be readily used for data and control transfer. The cell group 606 (and the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell group 604) includes a PCell 608. For example, referring to Fig.15 At 1512, BS 1504 sends SpCell configuration to UE 1502 (when there is only one cell group, PCell can be SpCell). Cell group 606 (and therefore L1 / L2 mobility activated cell group 604) may also include one or more SCells 610. BS 1504 may concurrently indicate PCG and indicate SpCell within PCG, that is, 1510 and 1512 may be performed simultaneously.

[0097] In one aspect, L1 / L2 signaling may be used to activate / deactivate a cell group in a cell set 602 configured for L1 / L2 mobility, and select a beam within the activated cell group. Seamless mobility may exist within the activated cell group. When the UE changes location, a cell group from a cell set 602 configured for L1 / L2 mobility may be deactivated and activated by L1 / L2 signaling. For example, a cell group may be deactivated / activated based on a measurement of signal quality generated by the UE (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP)) and / or a load on a cell within the cell group. When a UE is connected to a cell in a cell group, the UE is connected to each cell within the group (e.g., via CA).

[0098] The L1 / L2 mobility configured cell set 602 may also include an L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612. Fig.15 At 1508B, BS 1504 may indicate to UE 1502 an indication of a cell set for deactivation of L1 / L2 mobility. In other aspects, if the cell group is not activated, the cell group may be in the deactivated cell group set. BS 1504 may Fig.13 and Fig.14 The L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 is indicated in one of the formats described in the description of . The L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 includes at least one cell group that is deactivated and can be easily activated by L1 / L2 signaling. In the example depicted in diagram 600, the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 includes cell group 614, cell group 616, and cell group 618. As will be described in more detail below, the network entity may use an improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme (MAC-CE-based or DCI-based) to add a cell group to the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604, remove a cell group from the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604, add a cell group to the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612, and / or remove a cell group from the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612. Furthermore, as will be described in more detail below, the network entity may use an improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme to change the PCG within the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 .

[0099] In one aspect, the network entity configures the cell group (e.g., cell group 606, cell group 614, cell group 616, cell group 618) for L1 / L2 mobility using incremental configuration relative to a reference cell group or reference cell. When incremental configuration is utilized, only the difference relative to the reference cell group or reference cell is specified. In one aspect, one or more SCell configurations in a cell group may be configured with a SpCell configuration, that is, one or more SCells in the group may be able to become a SpCell through L1 / L2 signaling within the activated cell group.

[0100] Figure 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating an example cell configuration including group level L1 / L2 mobility management. In the diagram 700 (and with Figure 6 600 in FIG. 1 ), the network entity has removed (e.g., deactivated) the cell group 606 from the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 and has added the cell group 606 to the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612, e.g., referring to Fig.15 , at 1508A and 1508B, BS1504 may use the following Fig.13and Fig.14 604 to activate / deactivate a cell group within a cell set configured for L1 / L2 mobility. The network entity has added (e.g., activated) a cell group 616 to a cell set 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility and has removed the cell group 616 from a cell set 612 deactivated for L1 / L2 mobility. This change may be referred to as a cell group handover. Removing the cell group 606 from the cell set 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility may be explicit or implicit. The cell group 616 (and therefore the cell group 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility) includes a PCell 702. The cell group 616 (and therefore the cell group 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility) may also include one or more SCells 704. The network entity may perform a cell group handover using an improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme (MAC-CE based or DCI based) discussed below.

[0101] Figure 8 is a diagram 800 illustrating an example cell configuration for group level L1 / L2 mobility management. Figure 6 600 in FIG. 1 ), the network entity has added the cell group 614 to the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 and has removed the cell group 614 from the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612. This change may be referred to as a cell group update. For example, referring to Fig.15 At 1508A, BS 1504 may add the cell group to the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set. At 1510, BS 1504 may configure the PCG within the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set. BS 1504 may use the following Fig.13 and Fig.14 Such functionality may be performed using aspects of the message formats described in the description of . Removing the cell group 606 from the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 may be explicit or implicit. BS 1504 may concurrently indicate the PCG and indicate the SpCell within the PCG, that is, 1510 and 1512 may be performed simultaneously.

[0102] In the example of diagram 800, cell group 606 includes PCell 802 and cell group 614 includes PSCell 804 (the combination of which may be referred to as SpCell 806). L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 includes PCG 808, where PCG 808 is a cell group that includes SpCell 806. As will be described in more detail below, the network entity may use an improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme (MAC-CE based or DCI based) to perform cell group updates.

[0103] Fig. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating an example cell configuration. In diagram 900 (and with Figure 8 800 in FIG. 800 ), the network entity has changed the SpCell 806 within the PCG 808. For example, referring to Fig.15 At 1512, the base station may activate or otherwise indicate a SpCell within the PCG. BS 1504 may use the following Fig.13 and Fig.14 The activation / indication is provided in accordance with various aspects of the message format described in the description of . Figure 8 In the example, the network entity may configure each L1 / L2 mobility configuration to the SCells of the cell group 606 and the cell group 614, so that each cell of the cell group 606 and the cell group 614 has both the SpCell configuration and the SCell configuration. Fig. 9 In the diagram, the network entity has configured PCell 902 and PSCell 904 (such cells were previously Figure 8 The network entity may use the following Fig.13 and Fig.14 The improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme (MAC-CE based or DCI based) discussed in the description of is used to select / change the SpCell 806 within the PCG 808.

[0104] Fig.10 is a diagram 1000 illustrating an example cell configuration for group level L1 / L2 mobility management. Figure 8 800 in FIG. 1 ), the network entity has added the cell group 616 to the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 (e.g., and has removed the cell group 616 from the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612). Fig.15 At 1508A, BS 1504 may add the cell group to the set of cells activated for L1 / L2 mobility. BS 1504 may use the following Fig.13 and Fig.14 808 to perform such functionality. Removal of cell group 616 from L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 may be explicit or implicit. As illustrated in diagram 1000, L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 may include cell groups (e.g., cell group 616) that are not included in PCG 808. The network entity may use the improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme (MAC-CE based or DCI based) discussed below to add / remove cell groups from L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604.

[0105] Fig.11is a diagram 1100 illustrating an example cell configuration. In the diagram 1100 (and with Fig.10 1000 in FIG. 1000 ), the network entity has changed the PCG 808 within the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604. For example, referring to Fig.15 At 1510, BS 1504 may instruct (eg, activate) PCG. BS 1504 may use the following Fig.13 and Fig.14 808 to perform such functionality. PCG 808 now includes cell group 616 (which includes PCell 1102). Cell group 614 (which includes PSCell 804) is an activated SCG. Cell group 606 may be removed from PCG 808 explicitly or implicitly. Because PCG 808 has been updated, SpCell 806 has changed. In some aspects, reference Fig.15 At 1512, BS 1504 may indicate the SpCell within the PCG. The network entity may use the improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme (MAC-CE based or DCI based) discussed below to change the PCG and SpCell within the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604.

[0106] In some aspects, a base station may configure a cell group that includes overlapping cells, for example, a cell may be included in a configuration of multiple cell groups for L1 / L2 mobility. Fig.12 is a diagram 1200 illustrating an example cell configuration in which a cell 1202 is included in multiple cell groups. In diagram 1200, a network entity has configured cell 1202 to belong to both cell group 616 (eg, group 1) and cell group 618 (eg, group 2) for L1 / L2 mobility.

[0107] L1 / L2 signaling indicating a new PCG and / or indicating a new SpCell (eg, PCell and / or PSCell) within a PCG may be provided in a MAC-CE and / or DCI.

[0108] Fig.13FIG. 1300 is an illustration of example messages for L1 / L2 cell group activation and PCG selection. Illustration 1300 includes a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and a PCG selection message 1304. In one aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may be MAC-CE messages having a logical channel ID (LCID) specific to L1 / L2 mobility cell group activation / deactivation. In another aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may be DCI messages. The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 control the activation state of a cell group (e.g., a cell group in the set of cells 602 configured for L1 / L2 mobility) configured for L1 / L2 mobility.

[0109] In one aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 provide PCG activation / deactivation signaling for an activated cell group configured for L1 / L2 mobility (e.g., a cell group within the set of cells 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility). The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may utilize L1 / L2 signaling to update the PCG designation. In one aspect, the L1 / L2 signaling used by the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 to activate a PCG may include deactivation of a previous PCG from the L1 / L2 mobility set. In another aspect, the L1 / L2 signaling used by the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 to activate a new PCG may implicitly deactivate a previous PCG from the L1 / L2 mobility set.

[0110] In one aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 include an explicit pointer to the cell group ID being activated as the new PCG, or the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 set a bit corresponding to the new PCG in a bitmap. In one aspect, if multiple cells within the cell group are configured with L1 / L2 mobility configurations, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 include an explicit pointer to the SpCell ID. In one aspect, if multiple configurations are available for the SpCell, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may include a pointer to the SpCell configuration to be activated, or the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 set a bit corresponding to one of the available SpCell configurations in the bitmap. In one aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may include one or more TCI states to be activated for the activated SpCell. In one aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 include an indication of the RS used for beam refinement. In one aspect, the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may include (e.g., indicate) an L1 measurement / report configuration for a cell group being deactivated (i.e., removed / added to a L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 from a L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604). When a cell group is newly deactivated, the L1 measurement / report configuration may be verified.

[0111] The network entity (e.g., base station 102, base station 310, network entity 2102) may use the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and / or the PCG selection message 1304 in conjunction with the above. Figures 6 to 12 For any purpose under discussion. For example, Fig.15, BS1504 may send a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 to UE 1502 at 1508A and / or 1508B, and / or BS1504 may send a PCG selection message 1304 to UE 1502 at 1510 and / or 1512. A network entity may separately transmit a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and / or a PCG selection message 1304 to a UE (UE (e.g., UE104, UE 350, device 2004)) to add or remove a cell group from the set of L1 / L2 mobility-activated cells 604, change the PCG within the set of L1 / L2 mobility-activated cells 604, and / or change the SpCell within the PCG. Since the network entity may choose to transmit one or more of the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304, such messages are useful in saving network resources in scenarios where a cell group will be activated / deactivated (without changing the PCG) or where the PCG will be changed (without activating / deactivating the cell group).

[0112] The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 includes a G field (G1 - G7) 1306, where each G field specifies a cell group index to be activated or deactivated. In one example, G1 corresponds to cell group 606 and G2 corresponds to cell group 614. Each G field in the G field 1306 may include a bit indicating whether the corresponding cell group is activated or deactivated. In one example, the G field may include a 0 indicating that the cell group is being deactivated, or a 1 indicating that the cell group is being activated.

[0113] The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may include L1 measurement / report configuration identifiers (IDs) 1308A and 1308B for each cell group being deactivated (which is indicated via the G field 1306). In one example, if the G1 field and the G3 field include bits indicating that such cell groups are being activated, then two octets are included in the measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A - 1308B. In another example, if the G1 field, the G2 field, and the G3 field include bits indicating that such cell groups are being activated, then three octets are included in the measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A - 1308B. The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may include a reserved bit 1310 that indicates whether the L1 measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A - 1308B will be included in the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302. In one example, the reserved bit 1310 may be 0 to indicate that the L1 measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A - 1308B will not be included, or may be 1 to indicate that the L1 measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A - 1308B will be included. The G field 1306 and the reserved bit 1310 may form an octet. In one example, refer to Fig.15At 1514 , UE 1502 may perform L1 measurement based on the data within cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 . At 1516 , UE 1502 may report the L1 measurement to BS 1504 .

[0114] The PCG selection message 1304 includes a group ID 1312 that specifies a cell group (e.g., cell group 606, cell group 606, and cell group 614) selected as a PCG (e.g., PCG 808) in an activated cell set (e.g., L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604). The PCG selection message 1304 may include a cell ID field 1314 that specifies a cell index being activated as a SpCell within the PCG. The PCG selection message 1304 may include a SpCell configuration ID 1316. The SpCell configuration ID 1316 may indicate whether the UE is configured with multiple SpCell configurations. The SpCell configuration ID 1316 may use a full octet. The PCG selection message 1304 may include an RS ID 1318 (e.g., for a CSI-RS for tracking). The RS ID 1318 indicates one or more TCI states to be activated for the SpCell. RS ID 1318 also indicates an RS ID that can be used by the UE for beam refinement purposes. In one example, when the SpCell is a previously activated cell (i.e., the (newly added) SpCell is in the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 before the PCG selection message 1304 is transmitted), RS ID 1318 can be omitted from the PCG selection message 1304. In another example, when the SpCell is a deactivated cell (i.e., the (newly activated) SpCell is in the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 before the PCG selection message 1304 is transmitted), RS ID 1318 can be included in the PCG selection message 1304.

[0115] In some aspects, the UE may receive separate L1 / L2 signaling indicating group cell activation and PCG selection. In other aspects, the UE may receive L1 / L2 signaling with joint activation / deactivation of a cell group and PCG selection.

[0116] Fig.141400 is a diagram illustrating an example message for L1 / L2 cell group activation and PCG selection. Diagram 1400 includes a joint cell group activation / deactivation and PCG selection message (referred to herein as "joint message 1402"). Joint message 1402 provides joint cell group activation / deactivation functionality / signaling and PCG selection for L1 / L2 mobility functionality / signaling in a single message. For example, joint message 1402 provides simultaneous cell group activation and PCG designation, as well as simultaneous cell group deactivation and PCG redesignation. Joint message 1402 may also designate / update SpCell designations within a newly updated PCG.

[0117] In one aspect, when a network entity (e.g., base station 102, base station 310, network entity 2102) does not indicate a PCG change but indicates a cell group activation / deactivation (i.e., when a cell is being placed in / moved out of the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604 or the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612), the network entity may transmit a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 instead of the joint message 1402. Alternatively, the network entity may utilize a special setting (reserved bit) in the joint message 1402 that specifies no PCG change.

[0118] In one aspect, the joint message 1402 can be a MAC-CE message with a LCID dedicated to L1 / L2 mobility cell group activation / deactivation and PCG activation. On the other hand, the joint message 1402 is a DCI message. In one aspect, the joint message 1402 may include a pointer to the cell group ID being activated / deactivated, or the joint message 1402 sets the bit corresponding to the cell group ID in the bitmap. In one aspect, the joint message 1402 may include an indication of which cell group in the activated cell set (e.g., the cell set 604 activated by L1 / L2 mobility) is being updated to a new PCG (if there is a PCG update). In one aspect, the joint message 1402 may include an indication of which cell is being updated to a SpCell (if there is an SpCell update / change in the PCG). In one aspect, if multiple configurations are available, the joint message 1402 may include a pointer to the SpCell configuration to be activated (alternatively referred to as spCellConfig), or the joint message 1402 sets a bit in a bitmap corresponding to one of the available SpCell configurations. In one aspect, the joint message 1402 includes one or more TCI states to be activated for each activated cell group. In one aspect, the joint message 1402 includes RS for beam refinement. In one aspect, the joint message 1402 includes an L1 measurement / reporting configuration for a cell group that is being deactivated (i.e., removed / added to the L1 / L2 mobility deactivated cell set 612 from the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604). When a cell group is newly deactivated, the L1 measurement / reporting configuration may be verified.

[0119] The network entity (eg, base station 102, base station 310, network entity 2102) may use the joint message 1402 to combine the above Figures 6 to 12 Any purpose discussed. The joint message 1402 may be useful in scenarios where a cell group is to be activated / deactivated and a PCG is to be updated. For example, Fig.15 , BS1504 may send the joint message 1402 to UE 1502 at 1508A and / or 1508B, and / or BS1504 may send the joint message 1402 to UE 1502 at 1510 and / or 1512.

[0120] The joint message 1402 may include a G field (G1-G7) 1404, wherein each G field indicates a deactivated cell group index or an activated cell group index. In one example, G1 corresponds to the cell group 606 and G2 corresponds to the cell group 614. Each G field may include a bit indicating whether the corresponding cell group is activated or deactivated. In one example, the G1 field may include a 1 indicating that the cell group 606 is activated, and the G2 field may include a 0 indicating that the cell group 614 is deactivated. In the activated cell group (i.e., the cell group within the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604), a cell group may be designated as a new PCG.

[0121] The joint message 1402 includes a plurality of octets (R octets) designated as reference cell groups configured for L1 / L2 mobility. The number of octets may correspond to the maximum number of cell groups that may be configured for L1 / L2 mobility, the total number of configured cell groups, or the maximum number of cell groups that may be configured for a UE. For each activated cell (a subset of cells of size r) that is deactivated, the joint message 1402 includes eight RS ID fields 1406A and 1406B (e.g., indicating a CSI-RS for tracking) pointing to the cell configuration of the additional activation at the cell group level (e.g., which beam to use, which reference signals to use, etc.). The RS ID fields 1406A to 1406B may include a list of TRS configurations for each cell in the corresponding group.

[0122] For the updated PCG, the joint message 1402 may include additional octets of information appended thereto. The additional octets may include a group ID 1408 of the newly designated PCG. The length of the group ID 1408 may be X bits, where X is an integer. The additional octets may include a cell ID 1410 corresponding to the cell to become the SpCell within the newly designated PCG. The length of the cell ID 1410 may be Y bits, where Y is an integer. If multiple SpCell configurations are configured for the UE, the additional octets may include a SpCell configuration ID 1412 pointing to a specific RRC configuration. The length of the SpCell configuration ID 1412 may be Z bits, where Z is an integer. The group ID 1408, the cell ID 1410, and the SpCell configuration ID 1412 may occupy separate octets with zero or more reserved bits.

[0123] The joint message 1402 may include L1 measurement / report configuration IDs 1414A and 1414B for each cell group being deactivated. The L1 measurement / report configuration IDs may be in ascending order corresponding to the cell group IDs. Each of the L1 measurement / report configuration IDs may point to a specific L1 measurement and reporting configuration for the cell group. The L1 measurement / report configuration ID may include a list of associations between cells within the cell group and corresponding L1 measurement and reporting configurations. For example, reference Fig.15 At 1514 , UE 1502 may perform L1 measurements based on the data within joint message 1402 . At 1516 , UE 1502 may report the L1 measurements to BS 1504 .

[0124] The joint message 1402 may include a reserved bit 1416 indicating whether the joint message 1402 includes a PCG update. In one example, the reserved bit 1416 is 1 when the joint message 1402 includes a PCG update, and is 0 when the joint message 1402 does not include a PCG update. The reserved bit 1416 may also imply whether an octet referring to the PCG is present in the joint message 1402. The G field 1404 and the reserved bit 1416 may form an octet.

[0125] Fig.16 1600 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 1502, device 2004). In one example, the method (including various configurations described below) may be performed by L1 / L2 mobility component 198. The method may be associated with various advantages of the UE, such as faster change of SpCell compared to RRC-based signaling methods.

[0126] At 1602, the UE receives an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. Fig.15 At 1506, UE 1502 receives a cell set configuration of L1 / L2 mobility configuration. Figure 6 , L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration may configure a cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration.

[0127] At 1604, the UE receives L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including the cell used as the SpCell. Fig.15 At 1510, UE 1502 receives a PCG configuration from BS 1504. In another example, referring to Fig.15 At 1512, UE 1502 receives the SpCell configuration within the PCG from BS 1504. In yet another example, referring to Figure 8 , L1 or L2 signaling may indicate a PCG 808 from a set of cells 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility.

[0128] Fig.17 1700 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 1502, device 2004). In one example, the method (including various configurations described below) may be performed by L1 / L2 mobility component 198. The method may be associated with various advantages of the UE, such as faster change of SpCell compared to RRC-based signaling methods.

[0129] At 1702, the UE receives an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. Fig.15 At 1506, UE 1502 receives a cell set configuration of L1 / L2 mobility configuration. Figure 6 , L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration may configure a cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration.

[0130] At 1706, the UE receives L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including the cell used as the SpCell. Fig.15 At 1510, UE 1502 receives a PCG configuration from BS 1504. In another example, referring to Fig.15 At 1512, UE 1502 receives the SpCell configuration within the PCG from BS 1504. In another example, referring to Figure 8 , L1 or L2 signaling may indicate a PCG 808 from a set of cells 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility.

[0131] In one configuration, at 1708, the UE may receive an indication of the SpCell of the PCG via L1 or L2 signaling. Fig.15 At 1512, UE 1502 receives the SpCell configuration within the PCG from BS 1504. In another example, referring to Figure 8 , the UE may receive an indication of the SpCell 806. This configuration may allow for a faster change of the SpCell compared to the RRC-based approach.

[0132] In one configuration, the L1 or L2 signaling may further indicate at least one of the following: the L1 or L2 signaling may further indicate at least one of the following: a cell group ID for activation of a cell group, a bitmap indicating activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups, a cell ID for a SpCell, a SpCell configuration, a transmit configuration indicator (TCI) state of the SpCell, a reference signal for beam refinement, an L1 measurement configuration for one or more deactivated cells, or an L1 reporting configuration for one or more deactivated cells. For example, reference Fig.13 , L1 or L2 signaling may include: a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302, the cell group activation / deactivation message including a G field 1306 and measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A-1308B; and a PCG selection message 1304, the PCG selection message including a cell ID field 1314, a group ID 1312, a SpCell configuration ID 1316, and a TRS ID 1318. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , the L1 or L2 signaling may include a joint message 1402, which includes a G field 1404, TRS ID fields 1406A-1406B, a cell ID 1410, a group ID 1408, a SpCell configuration ID 1412, and an L1 measurement / report configuration ID 1414A-1414B.

[0133] In one configuration, at 1710, the UE may receive additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating a different cell within the PCG to be used as a SpCell. Fig. 9 , the UE may receive additional L1 or L2 signaling to cause the PCell 902 and / or PSCell 904 to function as the SpCell 806. This configuration may allow for faster changes to the SpCell compared to RRC-based methods.

[0134] In one configuration, the SpCell may include a PCell or a PSCell. Figure 5 , SpCell 526 may include PCell 510 or PSCell 518 .

[0135] In one configuration, at 1704, the UE may receive activation of at least one cell group via L1 or L2 signaling prior to or concurrently with the indication of the PCG. Fig.15 At 1508A, UE 1502 may receive a cell set configuration for L1 / L2 mobility activation. Figure 6 , the UE may receive activation of the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604. In yet another example, reference Fig.13, activation of at least one cell group may be performed via a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , activation of at least one cell group may be performed via a joint message 1402 .

[0136] In one configuration, the activation of at least one cell group and the indication of the PCG may be received in one or more of a MAC-CE or a DCI. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 can be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message.

[0137] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group may be received in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG may be indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message, and the PCG selection message 1304 may be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message. The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may be useful in a scenario where cell group activation / deactivation is performed without changing the PCG. The PCG selection message 1304 may be useful in a scenario where the PCG is changed / updated without corresponding activation / deactivation of the cell group.

[0138] In one configuration, the activation of at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG may be received in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 can be a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message. The joint message 1402 can be useful in a scenario where both cell group activation / deactivation and PCG indication are performed, because a single message can enable both cell group activation / deactivation and PCG indication to be performed simultaneously.

[0139] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group may be included in a message including a plurality of fields each corresponding to a different cell group within a set of a plurality of cell groups, wherein at least one bit in the plurality of fields indicates that the at least one cell group is being activated. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may include a G field 1306 including a bit indicating whether the cell group is being activated. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a G field 1404 that includes a bit indicating whether the cell group is being activated.

[0140] In one configuration, the message may also indicate an L1 measurement report configuration for at least one deactivated cell group. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may include measurement / reporting configuration IDs 1308A-1308B for the deactivated cell group.

[0141] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group may be included in a message including a number of octets corresponding to a first maximum number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, a total number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, or a second maximum number of cell groups that may be configured for L1 or L2 mobility for a UE. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a number of octets corresponding to a first maximum number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, a total number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, or a second maximum number of cell groups that may be configured for L1 or L2 mobility for the UE.

[0142] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group may be included in a message that also includes at least one of a CSI-RS for tracking or a CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group. Fig.13 , the PCG selection message 1304 may include a TRS-ID field including a CSI-RS for tracking or a CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group.

[0143] In one configuration, the L1 or L2 signaling may include: a first identifier for the PCG, a second identifier for the SpCell, and a third identifier for the SpCell configuration. Fig.13 , the PCG selection message 1304 may include a group ID 1312 for the cell group to be used as the PCG, a cell ID field 1314 specifying the cell index being activated as the SpCell within the PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1316. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a group ID 1408 for the cell group to be used as a PCG, a cell ID 1410 corresponding to the cell to become a SpCell within the newly designated PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1412.

[0144] In one configuration, the PCG may indicate in a message including one or more of: a first identifier for a cell group to be used as a PCG, a second identifier for a cell to be used as a SpCell, and a third identifier for a SpCell configuration. Fig.13, the PCG selection message 1304 may include a group ID 1312 for the cell group to be used as the PCG, a cell ID field 1314 specifying the cell index being activated as the SpCell within the PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1316. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a group ID 1408 for the cell group to be used as a PCG, a cell ID 1410 corresponding to the cell to become a SpCell within the newly designated PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1412.

[0145] In one configuration, at 1712, the UE may receive additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating a different cell group within the set of multiple cell groups to be used as a PCG, wherein the different cell group to be used as a PCG includes a second cell to be used as a SpCell. Fig.11 , the UE may receive additional L1 or L2 signaling to change the PCG 808 to include cell group 614 and cell group 616, where the PCG 808 now includes the PCell 1102 used as a SpCell and the PSCell 804.

[0146] In one configuration, at 1714, the UE may receive activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups via L1 or L2 signaling. Figure 7 , the UE may receive the deactivation of the cell group 606 and the activation of the cell group 616 via L1 or L2 signaling. Figure 8 , the UE may receive activation of the cell group 614 via L1 or L2 signaling.

[0147] Fig.18 1800 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a network node (e.g., base station 102; BS 1504, network entity 2002). In one example, the method (including various configurations described below) may be performed by L1 / L2 mobility component 199. The method may be associated with various advantages of the network node, such as faster change of SpCell for UE compared to RRC-based signaling approaches.

[0148] At 1802, a network node sends an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. Fig.15 At 1506, BS 1504 sends a cell set configuration of L1 / L2 mobility configuration. Figure 6, L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration may configure a cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration.

[0149] At 1804, the network node sends L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including the cell used as the SpCell. Fig.15 At 1510, BS 1504 sends the PCG configuration to UE 1502. In another example, referring to Fig.15 At 1512, BS 1504 sends the SpCell configuration within the PCG to UE 1502. In another example, referring to Figure 8 , L1 or L2 signaling may indicate a PCG 808 from a set of cells 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility.

[0150] Fig.19 1900 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a network node (e.g., base station 102; BS1504, network entity 2002). In one example, the method (including various configurations described below) may be performed by L1 / L2 mobility component 199. The method may be associated with various advantages of the network node, such as faster change of SpCell for UE compared to RRC-based signaling approaches.

[0151] At 1902, the network node sends an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. Fig.15 At 1506, BS 1504 sends a cell set configuration of L1 / L2 mobility configuration. Figure 6 , L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration may configure a cell set 602 of L1 / L2 mobility configuration.

[0152] At 1906, the network node sends L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including the cell used as the SpCell. Fig.15 At 1510, BS 1504 sends the PCG configuration to UE 1502. In another example, referring to Fig.15 At 1512, BS 1504 sends the SpCell configuration within the PCG to UE 1502. In another example, referring to Figure 8 , L1 or L2 signaling may indicate a PCG 808 from a set of cells 604 activated for L1 / L2 mobility.

[0153] In one configuration, at 1908, the network node may send an indication of the SpCell of the PCG via L1 or L2 signaling. Fig.15 At 1512, BS 1504 sends the SpCell configuration within the PCG to UE 1502. In another example, referring to Figure 8 , the base station may send an indication of the SpCell 806. This configuration may allow for faster changes to the SpCell compared to the RRC-based approach.

[0154] In one configuration, the L1 or L2 signaling may further indicate at least one of the following: a cell group ID for activation of a cell group, a bitmap indicating activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups, a cell ID for a SpCell, a SpCell configuration, a TCI state of a SpCell, a reference signal for beam refinement, an L1 measurement configuration for one or more deactivated cells, or an L1 reporting configuration for one or more deactivated cells. For example, reference Fig.13 , L1 or L2 signaling may include: a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302, the cell group activation / deactivation message including a G field 1306 and measurement / report configuration IDs 1308A-1308B; and a PCG selection message 1304, the PCG selection message including a cell ID field 1314, a group ID 1312, a SpCell configuration ID 1316, and a TRS ID 1318. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , the L1 or L2 signaling may include a joint message 1402, which includes a G field 1404, TRS ID fields 1406A-1406B, a cell ID 1410, a group ID 1408, a SpCell configuration ID 1412, and an L1 measurement / report configuration ID 1414A-1414B.

[0155] In one configuration, at 1910, the network node may send additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating different cells within the PCG to be used as SpCells. Fig. 9 , the base station may send additional L1 or L2 signaling to enable the PCell 902 and / or PSCell 904 to function as the SpCell 806. This configuration may allow for faster changes to the SpCell compared to the RRC-based approach.

[0156] In one configuration, the SpCell may include: a PCell or a PSCell. Figure 5 , SpCell 526 may include PCell 510 or PSCell 518.

[0157] In one configuration, at 1904, the network node may send activation of at least one cell group via L1 or L2 signaling prior to or concurrently with the indication of the PCG. Fig.15 At 1508A, BS 1504 may send a cell set configuration for L1 / L2 mobility activation. Figure 6 , the base station may send activation of the L1 / L2 mobility activated cell set 604. In yet another example, reference Fig.13 , activation of at least one cell group may be performed via a cell group activation / deactivation message 1302. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , activation of at least one cell group may be performed via a joint message 1402 .

[0158] In one configuration, the activation of at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG may be sent in one or more of the MAC-CE or the DCI. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 and the PCG selection message 1304 may be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 can be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message.

[0159] In one configuration, the activation of at least one cell group may be sent in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG may be indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message, and the PCG selection message 1304 may be a MAC-CE message or a DCI message. The cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may be useful in a scenario where cell group activation / deactivation is performed without changing the PCG. The PCG selection message 1304 may be useful in a scenario where the PCG is changed / updated without corresponding activation / deactivation of the cell group.

[0160] In one configuration, the activation of at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG may be received in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 can be a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message. The joint message 1402 can be useful in a scenario where both cell group activation / deactivation and PCG indication are performed, because a single message can enable both cell group activation / deactivation and PCG indication to be performed simultaneously.

[0161] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group may be included in a message including a plurality of fields each corresponding to a different cell group within a set of a plurality of cell groups, wherein at least one bit in the plurality of fields indicates that the at least one cell group is being activated. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may include a G field 1306 including a bit indicating whether the cell group is being activated. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a G field 1404 that includes a bit indicating whether the cell group is being activated.

[0162] In one configuration, the message may further indicate an L1 measurement report configuration for at least one deactivated cell group. Fig.13 , the cell group activation / deactivation message 1302 may include measurement / reporting configuration IDs 1308A-1308B for the deactivated cell group.

[0163] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group may be included in a message including a number of octets corresponding to a first maximum number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, a total number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, or a second maximum number of cell groups that may be configured for L1 or L2 mobility for a UE. Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a number of octets corresponding to a first maximum number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, a total number of cell groups configured for L1 or L2 mobility, or a second maximum number of cell groups that may be configured for L1 or L2 mobility for the UE.

[0164] In one configuration, activation of at least one cell group is included in a message that also includes at least one of a CSI-RS for tracking or a CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group.

[0165] In one configuration, the L1 or L2 signaling may include: a first identifier for the PCG, a second identifier for the SpCell, and a third identifier for the SpCell configuration. Fig.13 , the PCG selection message 1304 may include a TRS-ID field that includes the CSI-RS for tracking or the CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group. Fig.13, the PCG selection message 1304 may include a group ID 1312 for the cell group to be used as the PCG, a cell ID field 1314 specifying the cell index being activated as the SpCell within the PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1316. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a group ID 1408 for the cell group to be used as a PCG, a cell ID 1410 corresponding to the cell to become a SpCell within the newly designated PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1412.

[0166] In one configuration, the PCG may indicate in a message including one or more of: a first identifier for a cell group to be used as a PCG, a second identifier for a cell to be used as a SpCell, and a third identifier for a SpCell configuration. Fig.13 , the PCG selection message 1304 may include a group ID 1312 for the cell group to be used as the PCG, a cell ID field 1314 specifying the cell index being activated as the SpCell within the PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1316. In another example, referring to Fig.14 , the joint message 1402 may include a group ID 1408 for the cell group to be used as a PCG, a cell ID 1410 corresponding to the cell to become a SpCell within the newly designated PCG, and a SpCell configuration ID 1412.

[0167] In one configuration, at 1912, the network node may send additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating different cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups to be used as PCGs, wherein the different cell groups to be used as PCGs include a second cell to be used as SpCell. Fig.11 , the network node may send additional L1 or L2 signaling to change the PCG 808 to include cell group 614 and cell group 616, where the PCG 808 now includes the PCell 1102 used as a SpCell and the PSCell 804.

[0168] In one configuration, at 1914, the network node may send activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups via L1 or L2 signaling. Figure 7 , the network node may send the deactivation of the cell group 606 and the activation of the cell group 616 via L1 or L2 signaling. Figure 8 , the network node may send activation of the cell group 614 via L1 or L2 signaling.

[0169] Fig. 202000 is an example of a hardware implementation of an example device 2004. The device 2004 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or may implement UE functionality. In some aspects, the device 2004 may include a cellular baseband processor 2024 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 2022 (e.g., a cellular RF transceiver). The cellular baseband processor 2024 may include on-chip memory 2024'. In some aspects, the device 2004 may also include one or more subscriber identity module (SIM) cards 2020 and an application processor 2006 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 2008 and a screen 2010. The application processor 2006 may include on-chip memory 2006'. In some aspects, the device 2004 may also include a Bluetooth module 2012, a WLAN module 2014, an SPS module 2016 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensor modules 2018 (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor / altimeter; a motion sensor such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio-aided detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), a magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 2026, a power source 2030, and / or a camera 2032. The Bluetooth module 2012, the WLAN module 2014, and the SPS module 2016 may include an on-chip transceiver (TRX) (or in some cases, only a receiver (RX)). The Bluetooth module 2012, the WLAN module 2014, and the SPS module 2016 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or communicate using antennas 2080. The cellular baseband processor 2024 communicates with the UE 104 and / or with the RU associated with the network entity 2002 through the transceiver 2022 via one or more antennas 2080. The cellular baseband processor 2024 and the application processor 2006 may each include a computer-readable medium / memory 2024', 2006', respectively. The additional memory module 2026 may also be considered as a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory 2024', 2006', 2026 may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor 2024 and the application processor 2006 are each responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on a computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the cellular baseband processor 2024 / application processor 2006, enables the cellular baseband processor 2024 / application processor 2006 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 2024 / application processor 2006 when executing the software.The cellular baseband processor 2024 / application processor 2006 may be a component of the UE 350 and may include the memory 360 and / or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 2004 may be a processor chip (modem and / or application) and include only the cellular baseband processor 2024 and / or the application processor 2006, while in another configuration, the device 2004 may be the entire UE (e.g., see. Figure 3 350) and includes additional modules of device 2004.

[0170] As discussed above, the L1 / L2 mobility component 198 is configured to: receive an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and receive L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a SpCell. The L1 / L2 mobility component 198 may be further configured to perform a combined Fig.16 , Fig.17 Aspects described or Fig.15 Any of the aspects performed by the UE in the apparatus 2004. The L1 / L2 mobility component 198 may be within the cellular baseband processor 2024, the application processor 2006, or both the cellular baseband processor 2024 and the application processor 2006. The mobility component 198 may be one or more hardware components that are specifically configured to perform the process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. As shown, the apparatus 2004 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the apparatus 2004 (and in particular, the cellular baseband processor 2024 and / or the application processor 2006) includes: means for receiving an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and means for receiving L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a SpCell. The apparatus may also include means for performing a combined Fig.16 , Fig.17 Aspects described and / or Fig.15The components may be the L1 / L2 mobility component 198 of the apparatus 2004 configured to perform the functions recited by the components. As described above, the apparatus 2004 may include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Thus, in one configuration, the components may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the components.

[0171] Fig.21 2100 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a network entity 2102. The network entity 2102 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or may implement BS functionality. The network entity 2102 may include at least one of a CU 2110, a DU 2130, or a RU 2140. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by the component 199, the network entity 2102 may include a CU 2110; both a CU 2110 and a DU 2130; each of the CU 2110, the DU 2130, and the RU 2140; the DU 2130; both a DU 2130 and a RU 2140; or a RU 2140. The CU 2110 may include a CU processor 2112. The CU processor 2112 may include an on-chip memory 2112'. In some aspects, the CU 2110 may also include an additional memory module 2114 and a communication interface 2118. CU 2110 communicates with DU 2130 via a midhaul link, such as an F1 interface. DU 2130 may include a DU processor 2132. DU processor 2132 may include on-chip memory 2132'. In some aspects, DU 2130 may also include an additional memory module 2134 and a communication interface 2138. DU 2130 communicates with RU 2140 via a fronthaul link. RU 2140 may include a RU processor 2142. RU processor 2142 may include on-chip memory 2142'. In some aspects, RU 2140 may also include an additional memory module 2144, one or more transceivers 2146, an antenna 2180, and a communication interface 2148. RU 2140 communicates with UE 104. On-chip memory 2112', 2132', 2142' and additional memory modules 2114, 2134, 2144 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer readable medium / memory may be non-transitory. Each of the processors 2112, 2132, 2142 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor, causes the processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer readable medium / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the processor when executing the software.

[0172] As discussed above, the L1 / L2 mobility component 199 is configured to: send an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and send L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a SpCell. The L1 / L2 mobility component 199 may be further configured to perform a combined Fig.18 , Fig.19 Aspects described or Fig.15 Any of the aspects performed by a base station in . Component 199 may be within one or more processors of one or more of CU 2110, DU 2130, and RU 2140. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. Network entity 2102 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 2102 includes: a component for sending an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and a component for sending L1 or L2 signaling indicating a PCG from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a SpCell. The network entity may also include a component for performing a combined Fig.18 , Fig.19 Aspects described and / or Fig.15 The components may be a L1 / L2 mobility component 199 of the network entity 2102 configured to perform the functions recited by the components. As described above, the network entity 2102 may include a TX processor 316, an RX processor 370, and a controller / processor 375. Thus, in one configuration, the components may be a TX processor 316, an RX processor 370, and / or a controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by the components.

[0173] As described above, a network entity (e.g., a base station) may use L3 handover (e.g., using RRC signaling) to change the SpCell. However, L3 handover may be time consuming and / or inefficient. A mechanism is needed to change the SpCell more quickly without reducing the quality of service. Compared to the RRC-based method, the improved L1 / L2 signaling scheme described above enables the SpCell for the UE to be changed in a faster manner. In one example, the UE receives an L1 or L2 mobile cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups, each cell group including multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility. The UE receives L1 or L2 signaling indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a special cell (SpCell). Via the aforementioned L1 or L2 signaling, the SpCell (or PCG) can be changed in a manner that avoids RRC-based signaling. Therefore, the SpCell can be changed in a faster manner compared to RRC-based signaling. In addition, in some aspects, the activation of at least one cell group may be received in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG is indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message. This method may be advantageous in a scenario where a cell group will be activated or a PCG will be indicated. In an example where a cell group will be activated without a corresponding change in PCG, the UE may receive a first MAC-CE / DCI message without receiving a second MAC-CE / DCI message, thereby resulting in the saving of network resources. In other aspects, the activation of at least one cell group and the indication of the PCG are received in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message. This method may be advantageous in a scenario where a cell group will be activated and a PCG will be indicated, because a single MAC-CE / DCI message may enable simultaneous cell group activation / PCG indication.

[0174] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the blocks in the disclosed process / flowchart is only an illustration of the exemplary method. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the blocks in the process / flowchart can be rearranged based on design preferences. In addition, some blocks can be combined or omitted. The attached method claims present the elements of each block in a sample order, but are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0175] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not limited to the various aspects described herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language claims. Unless specifically stated, reference to an element in the singular form does not mean "one and only one", but "one or more". Terms such as "if", "when ..." and "at ..." do not mean a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as "when ...", do not mean an instant action in response to the occurrence of an action or during the occurrence of an action, but only mean that if the condition is met, the action will occur without a specific or instantaneous time constraint to make the action occur. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "used as an example, instance, or illustration". Any aspect described as "exemplary" herein is not necessarily interpreted as being preferred or having an advantage over other aspects. Unless specifically stated, the term "some" refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B and C," "one or more of A, B, and C," and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," "one or more of A, B, and C," and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" may be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combination may contain one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be interpreted as a set of elements, where the number of elements is one or more. Thus, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. If the first device receives data from the second device or sends data to the second device, data may be directly received / sent between the first device and the second device, or indirectly received / sent between the first device and the second device through a collection of devices. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described in this disclosure that are known or will later be known to a person of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims. In addition, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims. Words such as "module", "mechanism", "element", "device" cannot replace the word "component". Therefore, no claim element will be understood as a component plus function unless the element is explicitly stated using the phrase "component for..."

[0176] As used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase "based on A" (where "A" can be information, a condition, a factor, etc.) should be interpreted as "based at least on A" unless specifically stated differently.

[0177] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0178] Aspect 1 is a method for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) inter-cell mobility, each cell group comprising multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and receiving L1 or L2 signaling indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG comprising a cell used as a special cell (SpCell).

[0179] Aspect 2 is the method according to aspect 1, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of the SpCell of the PCG via the L1 or L2 signaling.

[0180] Aspect 3 is a method according to any one of Aspects 1-2, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling further indicates at least one of the following: a cell group ID for activation of a cell group, a bitmap indicating the activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups, a cell ID for the SpCell, SpCell configuration, a transmit configuration indicator (TCI) status of the SpCell, a reference signal for beam refinement, an L1 measurement configuration for one or more deactivated cells, or an L1 reporting configuration for the one or more deactivated cells.

[0181] Aspect 4 is a method according to any one of aspects 1-3, the method further comprising: receiving additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating a different cell within the PCG to be used as the SpCell.

[0182] Aspect 5 is a method according to any one of aspects 1-4, wherein the SpCell includes: a primary cell (PCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell).

[0183] Aspect 6 is a method according to any one of aspects 1-5, the method further comprising: receiving activation of at least one cell group via the L1 or L2 signaling before or concurrently with the indication to the PCG.

[0184] Aspect 7 is a method according to aspect 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication of the PCG are received in one or more of a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) or downlink control information (DCI).

[0185] Aspect 8 is a method according to aspect 7, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is received in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG is indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message.

[0186] Aspect 9 is a method according to aspect 7, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are received in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message.

[0187] Aspect 10 is a method according to Aspect 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, the message comprising a plurality of fields each corresponding to a different cell group within the set of the plurality of cell groups, wherein at least one bit in the plurality of fields indicates that the at least one cell group is being activated.

[0188] Aspect 11 is a method according to aspect 10, wherein the message further indicates an L1 measurement report configuration for at least one deactivated cell group.

[0189] Aspect 12 is a method according to Aspect 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, the message including the number of octets corresponding to the first maximum number of cell groups configured for the L1 or L2 mobility, the total number of cell groups configured for the L1 or L2 mobility, or the second maximum number of cell groups that can be configured for the L1 or L2 mobility for the UE.

[0190] Aspect 13 is a method according to Aspect 6, wherein the activation of at least one of the cell groups is included in a message, and the message also includes at least one of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for tracking or a CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group.

[0191] Aspect 14 is a method according to any one of aspects 1-13, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling includes: a first identifier for the PCG, a second identifier for the SpCell, and a third identifier for SpCell configuration.

[0192] Aspect 15 is a method according to any one of Aspects 1-14, wherein the PCG indicates in a message including one or more of the following: a first identifier for a cell group to be used as the PCG, a second identifier for the cell to be used as the SpCell, and a third identifier for the SpCell configuration.

[0193] Aspect 16 is a method according to any one of Aspects 1-15, the method further comprising: receiving additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating different cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups to be used as the PCG, wherein the different cell groups to be used as the PCG include a second cell to be used as the SpCell.

[0194] Aspect 17 is a method according to any one of aspects 1-16, the method further comprising: receiving activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups via the L1 or L2 signaling.

[0195] Aspect 18 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising a memory and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory and being configured to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0196] Aspect 19 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0197] Aspect 20 is an apparatus according to aspect 18 or 19, the apparatus further comprising at least one transceiver configured to receive the L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration and receive the L1 or L2 signaling indicating the PCG.

[0198] Aspect 21 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 17.

[0199] Aspect 22 is a method for performing wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: sending an L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) inter-cell mobility, each cell group comprising multiple cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; and sending L1 or L2 signaling indicating a master cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell used as a special cell (SpCell).

[0200] Aspect 23 is a method according to aspect 22, the method further comprising: sending an indication of the SpCell of the PCG via the L1 or L2 signaling.

[0201] Aspect 24 is a method according to any one of Aspects 21-23, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling further indicates at least one of the following: a cell group ID for activation of a cell group, a bitmap indicating the activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups, a cell ID for the SpCell, SpCell configuration, a transmit configuration indicator (TCI) status of the SpCell, a reference signal for beam refinement, an L1 measurement configuration for one or more deactivated cells, or an L1 reporting configuration for the one or more deactivated cells.

[0202] Aspect 25 is a method according to any one of aspects 21-24, the method further comprising: sending additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating a different cell within the PCG to be used as the SpCell.

[0203] Aspect 26 is a method according to any one of aspects 21-25, wherein the SpCell includes: a primary cell (PCell) or a primary secondary cell (PSCell).

[0204] Aspect 27 is a method according to any one of aspects 21-26, the method further comprising: sending activation of at least one cell group via the L1 or L2 signaling before or concurrently with the indication to the PCG.

[0205] Aspect 28 is a method according to aspect 27, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are sent in one or more of a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) or downlink control information (DCI).

[0206] Aspect 29 is a method according to aspect 28, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is sent in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG is indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message.

[0207] Aspect 30 is a method according to aspect 28, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are sent in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message.

[0208] Aspect 31 is a method according to Aspect 27, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, the message comprising a plurality of fields each corresponding to a different cell group within the set of the plurality of cell groups, wherein at least one bit in the plurality of fields indicates that the at least one cell group is being activated.

[0209] Aspect 32 is a method according to aspect 31, wherein the message further indicates an L1 measurement report configuration for at least one deactivated cell group.

[0210] Aspect 33 is a method according to aspect 27, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, the message including the number of octets corresponding to the first maximum number of cell groups configured for the L1 or L2 mobility, the total number of cell groups configured for the L1 or L2 mobility, or the second maximum number of cell groups that can be configured for the L1 or L2 mobility for a user equipment (UE).

[0211] Aspect 34 is a method according to Aspect 27, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, and the message also includes at least one of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for tracking or a CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group.

[0212] Aspect 35 is a method according to any one of aspects 22-34, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling includes: a first identifier for the PCG, a second identifier for the SpCell, and a third identifier for the SpCell configuration.

[0213] Aspect 36 is a method according to any one of Aspects 22-35, wherein the PCG indicates in a message including one or more of the following: a first identifier for the cell group to be used as the PCG, a second identifier for the cell to be used as the SpCell, and a third identifier for the SpCell configuration.

[0214] Aspect 37 is a method according to any one of Aspects 22-36, the method further comprising: sending additional L1 or L2 signaling indicating different cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups to be used as the PCG, wherein the different cell groups to be used as the PCG include a second cell to be used as the SpCell.

[0215] Aspect 38 is a method according to any one of aspects 22-37, the method further comprising: sending activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups within the set of the plurality of cell groups via the L1 or L2 signaling.

[0216] Aspect 39 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, the apparatus comprising a memory and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory and being configured to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 38 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0217] Aspect 40 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising means for performing a method according to any one of aspects 22 to 38.

[0218] Aspect 41 is an apparatus according to aspect 39 or 40, the apparatus further comprising at least one transceiver configured to transmit the L1 or L2 mobility cell configuration and transmit the L1 or L2 signaling indicating the PCG.

[0219] Aspect 42 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 22 to 38.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), include: Memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, the at least one processor configured to: receiving a layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group comprising a plurality of cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; as well as L1 or L2 signaling is received indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell serving as a special cell (SpCell).

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: An indication of the SpCell of the PCG is received via the L1 or L2 signaling.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling further indicates at least one of the following: The cell group ID used for activation of the cell group, a bitmap indicating said activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups, For the cell ID of the SpCell, SpCell configuration, the Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) status of the SpCell, Reference signal for beam refinement, an L1 measurement configuration for one or more deactivated cells, or An L1 reporting configuration for the one or more deactivated cells.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Additional L1 or L2 signaling is received indicating a different cell within the PCG to be used as the SpCell.

5. The device according to claim 2, wherein the SpCell include: Primary cell (PCell), or Primary and secondary cell (PSCell).

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Activation of at least one cell group is received via the L1 or L2 signaling prior to or concurrently with the indication to the PCG.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are received in one or more of a Medium Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE) or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is received in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG is indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are received in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message.

10. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, the message comprising a plurality of fields each corresponding to a different cell group within the set of the plurality of cell groups, wherein at least one bit in the plurality of fields indicates that the at least one cell group is being activated.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the message further indicates an L1 measurement report configuration for at least one deactivated cell group.

12. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message including a number of octets corresponding to a first maximum number of cell groups configured for the L1 or L2 mobility, a total number of cell groups configured for the L1 or L2 mobility, or a second maximum number of cell groups that can be configured for the L1 or L2 mobility for the UE.

13. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, and the message also includes at least one of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for tracking or a CSI-RS configuration for each deactivated cell group.

14. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling include: a first identifier for the PCG, a second identifier for the SpCell, and A third identifier configured for the SpCell.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the PCG indicates in a message comprising one or more of: a first identifier for a group of cells to be used as the PCG, a second identifier for the cell to be used as the SpCell, and A third identifier configured for the SpCell.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Additional L1 or L2 signaling is received indicating a different cell group within the set of the plurality of cell groups to be used as the PCG, wherein the different cell group to be used as the PCG includes a second cell to be used as the SpCell.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups within the set of the plurality of cell groups is received via the L1 or L2 signaling.

18. The device according to claim 1, further comprising: include: A transceiver is coupled to the at least one processor.

19. A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), include: receiving a layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group comprising a plurality of cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; as well as L1 or L2 signaling is received indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including a cell serving as a special cell (SpCell).

20. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, include: Memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, the at least one processor configured to: sending a layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group comprising a plurality of cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; as well as L1 or L2 signaling is sent indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including cells used as special cells (SpCells).

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: An indication of the SpCell to the PCG is sent via the L1 or L2 signaling.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the L1 or L2 signaling further indicates at least one of: The cell group ID used for activation of the cell group, a bitmap indicating said activation or deactivation of one or more cell groups, For the cell ID of the SpCell, SpCell configuration, the Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) status of the SpCell, Reference signal for beam refinement, an L1 measurement configuration for one or more deactivated cells, or An L1 reporting configuration for the one or more deactivated cells.

23. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Additional L1 or L2 signaling is sent indicating different cells within the PCG to be used as the SpCell.

24. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Activation of at least one cell group is sent via the L1 or L2 signaling prior to or concurrently with the indication to the PCG.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are sent in one or more of a Medium Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE) or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is sent in a first MAC-CE or a first DCI message, and the PCG is indicated in a second MAC-CE message or a second DCI message.

27. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group and the indication to the PCG are sent in a single MAC-CE message or a single DCI message.

28. An apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the activation of the at least one cell group is included in a message, the message comprising a plurality of fields each corresponding to a different cell group within the set of the plurality of cell groups, wherein at least one bit in the plurality of fields indicates that the at least one cell group is being activated.

29. The device according to claim 20, further comprising: include: A transceiver is coupled to the at least one processor.

30. A method of wireless communication at a network node, include: sending a layer 1 (L1) or layer 2 (L2) mobility cell configuration for a set of multiple cell groups for L1 or L2 inter-cell mobility, each cell group comprising a plurality of cells, wherein the cell groups within the set of the multiple cell groups can be activated or deactivated for L1 or L2 mobility; as well as L1 or L2 signaling is sent indicating a primary cell group (PCG) from one or more activated cell groups, the PCG including cells used as special cells (SpCells).

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