Vertebra needle biopsy tool

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surgical disease identification, and relates to a vertebra needle biopsy tool which comprises a puncture sampling tube, an arc-shaped sleeve, a coronal sawtooth cutter, an operating mechanism and a driving mechanism, an opening is formed in the upper portion of the left side of the puncture sampling tube, and the arc-shaped sleeve is connected to the opening in a clamped mode; a coronal sawtooth cutter is connected between the arc-shaped sleeve and the puncture sampling tube through threads, threaded protrusions are arranged between the inner arc face of the arc-shaped sleeve and the inner left side of the puncture sampling tube, the thread pitches of the threaded protrusions are unequal, the thread pitch close to the left side of the puncture sampling tube is wide, and the thread pitch close to the interior of the puncture sampling tube is gradually narrowed. An operating mechanism is arranged on the puncture sampling tube, and a driving mechanism is arranged on the operating mechanism. When sampling is carried out, sampling work can be carried out by puncturing the volume of a pipeline in the sampling pipe, the overall sampling amount is large, the efficiency is higher, the positive rate of detection is increased, the requirement for diagnosis is met, and meanwhile sampling operation is more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of surgical disease identification and relates to a vertebral puncture biopsy tool. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the human spine, the vertebral body has a variety of lesions, including tumors (primary tumors, metastatic tumors), infectious diseases (such as vertebral tuberculosis, pyogenic spondylitis), osteoporotic fractures, and many other conditions. Histopathological diagnosis is the gold standard for determining the nature of the lesion, which makes it necessary to obtain the diseased tissue for biopsy. Currently, a set of tools for percutaneous vertebroplasty is used clinically to obtain biopsy of the diseased tissue in the vertebra. First, a puncture needle is used to puncture into the diseased vertebral body, then the inner core of the puncture needle is withdrawn, leaving the puncture sleeve as the working channel for the next step. Then, a traditional handheld openable pliers is inserted through the puncture sleeve into the vertebral body to take a bite and obtain an appropriate amount of tissue. The specimens taken are sent for pathology, bacterial culture, pathogen metagenomic testing, etc.

[0003] Existing vertebral biopsy forceps mainly consist of a handle, a forceps body, a forceps head, and a wire. The forceps body is hollow and slender, with the operating handle and the forceps head located at both ends of the forceps body respectively. The wire passes through the forceps body to connect the operating handle and the forceps head. The operating handle is held and manipulated by the doctor. By operating the handle, the forceps head is driven to open and close to sample the bone tissue in the vertebral body. However, due to the small volume of the forceps mouth, the amount of sample taken each time is small, making it difficult to meet the diagnostic requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a vertebral puncture biopsy tool.

[0005] Technical Solution: A vertebral puncture biopsy tool includes a puncture sampling tube, an arc-shaped sleeve, a coronal serrated cutter, an operating mechanism, and a driving mechanism. An opening is provided in the upper left part of the puncture sampling tube, and an arc-shaped sleeve is clamped at the opening. A coronal serrated cutter is connected between the arc-shaped sleeve and the puncture sampling tube by a thread. A thread protrusion is provided between the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped sleeve and the left side inside the puncture sampling tube, and the pitch of the thread protrusion is set as an unequal pitch. The pitch is wider near the left side of the puncture sampling tube and gradually narrows towards the inside of the puncture sampling tube. An operating mechanism is provided on the puncture sampling tube, and a driving mechanism for driving the puncture sampling tube to rotate is provided on the operating mechanism.

[0006] In addition, particularly preferably, the operating mechanism includes a rotating sleeve and an operating handle. The rotating sleeve is connected to the puncture sampling tube by a thread, and the operating handle is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve.

[0007] In addition, it is particularly preferred that the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a pinion gear and an external gear ring. Driving motors are installed on both sides inside the operating handle. A pinion gear is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. An external gear ring is connected to the rotating sleeve, and the external gear ring meshes with the pinion gear.

[0008] In addition, it is particularly preferred that a support mechanism is further included. The support mechanism includes a backing plate, an adhesive patch, a universal joint, an outer sleeve and an arc-shaped scale tooth. An adhesive patch is provided on the backing plate. An outer sleeve is sleeved on the puncture sampling tube, and a universal joint is provided between the outer sleeve and the puncture sampling tube.

[0009] In addition, it is particularly preferred that the universal joint is a spherical universal joint. The ball head of the spherical universal joint is located on the left side of the outer sleeve, and the ball socket of the spherical universal joint is located on the backing plate. The ball socket and the ball head cooperate with each other to form a spherical universal joint. Arc-shaped scale teeth are evenly spaced on both the upper and lower sides of the ball head part of the spherical universal joint. The deflection angle of the ball head can be observed through the arc-shaped scale teeth.

[0010] In addition, it is particularly preferred that a locking mechanism is further included. The locking mechanism includes a rotating ring, a positioning rod and an elastic member. The ball socket part of the spherical universal joint is threadedly connected with a rotating ring. The inner arc surface of the rotating ring is inclined. A plurality of positioning rods are evenly spaced and slidably connected to the ball socket of the universal joint. An elastic member is connected between the positioning rod and the ball socket, and the outer end of the positioning rod contacts the inner arc surface of the rotating ring.

[0011] In addition, it is particularly preferred that an air suction pipe is further included. An air suction pipe is connected to the operating handle. One end of the air suction pipe passes through the top of the operating handle. Ventilation holes are provided in the middle of the rotating sleeve and on the puncture sampling tube.

[0012] In addition, it is particularly preferred that a scale coil is further included. A plurality of scale coils are evenly spaced on the outside of the puncture sampling tube.

[0013] 1. When sampling, the present invention can perform sampling work through the internal pipe volume of the puncture sampling tube. The overall sampling amount is large, the efficiency is higher, the positive rate of inspection is increased, so as to meet the diagnostic requirements, and at the same time, the sampling operation is more convenient.

[0014] 2. After sampling is completed and the sample needs to be taken out of the puncture sampling tube, only the arc-shaped sleeve needs to be removed, and then the sample can be taken out, which is more convenient when taking out the sample.

[0015] 3. When sampling, the present invention can observe the puncture depth through the scale coil outside the puncture sampling tube, avoid the situation of accidental injury caused by too deep puncture, and can also reduce the number of intraoperative fluoroscopies and reduce ionizing radiation exposure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the arc-shaped sleeve of the present invention in a cut-away state.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in .

[0020] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the operating handle of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the support mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of part B in FIG.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a first cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a second cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction tube, the operating handle and the puncture sampling tube of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. puncture sampling tube, 2. opening, 21. arc-shaped sleeve, 3. threaded protrusion, 4. crown-shaped serrated tool, 51. rotating sleeve, 52. operating handle, 53. driving motor, 54. pinion, 55. outer gear ring, 61. pad, 62. patch, 63. universal joint, 64. outer sleeve, 65. arc-shaped scale teeth, 71. rotating ring, 72. positioning rod, 73. elastic part, 8. suction pipe, 81. air vent, 9. scale coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0031] A vertebral puncture biopsy tool, as Figures 1-6 shown, includes a puncture sampling tube 1, an arc-shaped sleeve 21, a coronal serrated cutter 4, an operating mechanism, and a driving mechanism. An opening 2 is provided in the upper left side of the puncture sampling tube 1, and an arc-shaped sleeve 21 is clamped at the opening 2. A coronal serrated cutter 4 is connected between the left side of the arc-shaped sleeve 21 and the left side of the puncture sampling tube 1 by a thread. A thread protrusion 3 is provided between the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped sleeve 21 and the left side inside the puncture sampling tube 1. The pitch of the thread protrusion 3 is set as an unequal pitch. The pitch near the left side of the puncture sampling tube 1 is wider, which serves to cut and drill in. The pitch gradually narrows near the inside of the puncture sampling tube 1, which serves to extrude and pressurize the bone tissue that has entered this section of the thread. The more it moves into the puncture sampling tube 1, the denser the bone tissue entering the proximal end becomes due to extrusion, so that it is firmly grasped by the thread protrusion 3 inside the puncture sampling tube 1, increasing the grasping force of the puncture sampling tube 1 on the bone tissue. An operating mechanism is provided on the puncture sampling tube 1, and a driving mechanism for driving the puncture sampling tube 1 to rotate is provided on the operating mechanism.

[0032] As Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the operating mechanism includes a rotating sleeve 51 and an operating handle 52. The right side of the puncture sampling tube 1 is connected to the rotating sleeve 51 by a thread, and the operating handle 52 is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve 51. The operation of this tool can be controlled by the operating handle 52.

[0033] As Figure 6 shown, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor 53, a small gear 54, and an external gear ring 55. Driving motors 53 are installed on both the front and back sides inside the operating handle 52. A small gear 54 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 53. An external gear ring 55 is connected to the rotating sleeve 51. The external gear ring 55 meshes with the small gear 54, so that the operation of the driving motor 53 can drive the rotating sleeve 51 to rotate through the small gear 54 and the external gear ring 55, and the rotating sleeve 51 can drive the puncture sampling tube 1 to rotate when rotating.

[0034] When a percutaneous biopsy of the vertebra is required, this tool can be used. During use, first insert the puncture needle into the patient's body so that the end of the puncture needle abuts against the diseased vertebral body of the patient. Then, remove the puncture needle, leaving the puncture sleeve. Next, drill the puncture sampling tube 1 into the patient's body so that the puncture sampling tube 1 drills into the position of the patient's diseased vertebral body. At this time, control the drive motor 53 to drive the pinion 54 to rotate. The rotation of the pinion 54 drives the external gear ring 55 to rotate. The rotation of the external gear ring 55 can drive the rotating sleeve 51 to rotate. When the rotating sleeve 51 rotates, it can drive the puncture sampling tube 1 to rotate. When the puncture sampling tube 1 rotates, it can drive the coronal serrated cutter 4 to rotate. When the coronal serrated cutter 4 rotates and cooperates with the operator's hand push, it can drill into the patient's diseased vertebral body. Through the serrated position at the head end of the coronal serrated cutter 4, the bone mass can be effectively rotated and cut, and the bone tissue will enter the puncture sampling tube 1. The bone tissue entering the puncture sampling tube 1 will get stuck at the thread protrusion 3. Then, the puncture sampling tube 1 continues to rotate. Since the pitch on the left is wider, it can play a role in cutting and drilling, so that the bone tissue extends into the puncture sampling tube 1. When the bone tissue moves to the right side of the thread protrusion 3, the narrowed pitch can squeeze the bone tissue, so that the bone tissue entering the proximal end becomes denser due to the extrusion, so that the bone tissue can be grasped by the thread protrusion 3 in the puncture sampling tube 1. When the puncture sampling tube 1 enters the vertebral bone to an appropriate depth, if sampling is desired at this time, just maintain this depth and continue to control the puncture sampling tube 1 to rotate, then the end of the sampled bone tissue will be twisted off, so as to achieve the purpose of taking out the cylindrical sample. After taking out, pull out the puncture sampling tube 1, then twist off the coronal serrated cutter 4, and then remove the arc-shaped sleeve 21, then the sample can be taken out. In this way, this device can be used for percutaneous biopsy of the vertebra, and during the biopsy, sampling is carried out through the pipeline volume in the puncture sampling tube 1. The sampling amount is large, the efficiency is high, the positive rate of the test is increased, and the sampling is more convenient and fast. The rotary cutting force can be directly transmitted.

[0035] As Figures 7-9 shown, it further includes a support mechanism. The support mechanism includes a backing plate 61, a patch 62, a universal joint 63, an outer sleeve 64 and an arc-shaped scale tooth 65. A patch 62 is arranged on the left side of the backing plate 61. The patch 62 can be attached to the epidermis of the patient. An outer sleeve 64 is sleeved on the puncture sampling tube 1. The outer sleeve 64 can slide and rotate along the puncture sampling tube 1. A universal joint 63 is arranged between the outer sleeve 64 and the puncture sampling tube 1. The universal joint 63 is a spherical universal joint 63. The ball head of the spherical universal joint 63 is located on the left side of the outer sleeve 64, and the ball socket of the spherical universal joint 63 is located on the backing plate 61. The ball socket and the ball head cooperate with each other to form the spherical universal joint 63. Arc-shaped scale teeth 65 are evenly spaced on both the upper and lower sides of the ball head part of the spherical universal joint 63. The deflection angle of the ball head can be observed through the arc-shaped scale teeth 65.

[0036] Before performing puncture sampling, the patch 62 can be attached to the patient's skin to fix the tool at the patient's skin. Subsequently, the outer sleeve 64 can be rotated according to the required puncture angle. When the outer sleeve 64 rotates, it can drive the ball head to rotate. By observing the arc-shaped scale teeth 65 on the ball head, the adjusted angle can be judged. After adjusting to the appropriate angle, the puncture sampling tube 1 is inserted into the patient's body for sampling. In this way, the sampling angle can be adjusted through the universal joint 63 during sampling, and at the same time, the tool can be fixed well through the patch 62 to prevent the tool from moving during sampling and ensure the stability during sampling.

[0037] As Figures 10-12 shown, it further includes a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a rotating ring 71, a positioning rod 72, and an elastic member 73. The outer right side of the ball socket part of the spherical universal joint 63 is threadedly connected with a rotating ring 71. The rotation of the rotating ring 71 can move left and right through the thread between it and the ball socket. The inner arc surface of the rotating ring 71 is inclined. A plurality of positioning rods 72 are slidably connected to the ball socket of the universal joint 63 at equal intervals. An elastic member 73 is connected between the positioning rod 72 and the ball socket. The elastic member 73 is a compression spring. The outer end of the positioning rod 72 contacts the inner arc surface of the rotating ring 71, so that when the rotating ring 71 moves, it can squeeze the positioning rod 72 to move through its inner arc surface, making the positioning rod 72 abut against the ball head to lock the universal joint 63.

[0038] In the initial state, the rotating ring 71 squeezes the positioning rod 72, and the elastic member 73 is in a compressed state. Before adjusting the puncture angle, the rotating ring 71 can be rotated first to make the rotating ring 71 move to the right. After the rotating ring 71 moves, it no longer squeezes the positioning rod 72. Under the action of the elastic member 73, the positioning rod 72 resets. At this time, adjustment can be carried out. After the adjustment is completed, the rotating ring 71 is rotated in the reverse direction to make the rotating ring 71 move to the left through the thread. When the rotating ring 71 moves to the left, it can squeeze the positioning rod 72 to move inward through its inclined part, and the elastic member 73 is compressed. After the positioning rod 72 moves, it can abut against the ball head, thereby fixing the universal joint 63. In this way, the function of fixing the universal joint 63 can be achieved, making the operation more convenient.

[0039] As Figure 13 shown, it further includes an air suction pipe 8. The operating handle 52 is connected with an air suction pipe 8. One end of the air suction pipe 8 passes through the top of the operating handle 52. Vent holes 81 are opened in the middle of the rotating sleeve 51 and on the right side of the puncture sampling tube 1, so that the air suction pipe 8 can communicate with the inside of the operating handle 52 through the vent holes 81.

[0040] During the process of the puncture sampling tube 1 drilling into the vertebra, some bone chips will enter the puncture sampling tube 1. At this time, the aspirator can be controlled to be connected to the air suction pipe 8, and then the aspirator is controlled to operate to suck out the residual bone chips in the puncture sampling tube 1 through the air suction pipe 8 and the vent holes 81.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, it further includes a graduated coil 9. A plurality of graduated coils 9 are evenly spaced outside the puncture sampling tube 1. By observing the graduated coil 9, it is convenient to judge the depth of the puncture sampling tube 1 inserted into the patient's body, which is more convenient during puncture sampling and can avoid accidental injury.

[0042] It should be understood that this embodiment is only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims

1. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a puncture sampling tube (1), an arc-shaped sleeve (21), a crown-shaped sawtooth cutter (4), an operating mechanism and a driving mechanism. An opening (2) is provided at the upper left side of the puncture sampling tube (1), and the arc-shaped sleeve (21) is clamped at the opening (2). The crown-shaped sawtooth cutter (4) is connected to the puncture sampling tube (1) by a thread. A threaded protrusion (3) is provided between the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped sleeve (21) and the left side of the puncture sampling tube (1). The threaded protrusion (3) has an unequal pitch, and the threaded pitch is wider near the left side of the puncture sampling tube (1), and the threaded pitch is gradually narrowed near the inside of the puncture sampling tube (1). The puncture sampling tube (1) has an operating mechanism, and the operating mechanism is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the puncture sampling tube (1) to rotate.

2. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The operating mechanism comprises a rotating sleeve (51) and an operating handle (52); the rotating sleeve (51) is threadedly connected to the puncture sampling tube (1); and the operating handle (52) is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve (51).

3. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (53), a pinion (54) and an outer gear ring (55). The driving motor (53) is installed on both sides of the operating handle (52). The output shaft of the driving motor (53) is connected to the pinion (54). The rotating sleeve (51) is connected to the outer gear ring (55). The outer gear ring (55) is meshed with the pinion (54).

4. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a supporting mechanism, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a backing plate (61), a patch (62), a universal joint (63), an outer sleeve (64) and arc-shaped graduated teeth (65); the backing plate (61) is provided with a patch (62); the puncture sampling tube (1) is sleeved with an outer sleeve (64); and a universal joint (63) is provided between the outer sleeve (64) and the puncture sampling tube (1).

5. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The universal joint (63) is a spherical universal joint (63), the ball head of the spherical universal joint (63) is located on the left side of the outer sleeve (64), the ball sleeve of the spherical universal joint (63) is located on the pad (61), the ball sleeve and the ball head cooperate with each other to form the spherical universal joint (63), and arc-shaped scale teeth (65) are evenly spaced at upper and lower sides of the ball head part of the spherical universal joint (63), and the deflection angle of the ball head can be observed through the arc-shaped scale teeth (65).

6. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a rotating ring (71), a positioning rod (72) and an elastic member (73); the ball sleeve of the spherical universal joint (63) is connected to the rotating ring (71) by means of a thread; the inner arc surface of the rotating ring (71) is inclined; a plurality of positioning rods (72) are evenly spaced and slidably connected to the ball sleeve of the universal joint (63); an elastic member (73) is connected between the positioning rod (72) and the ball sleeve; and the outer end of the positioning rod (72) contacts the inner arc surface of the rotating ring (71).

7. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an air suction pipe (8), the operating handle (52) is connected to the air suction pipe (8), one end of the air suction pipe (8) passes through the top of the operating handle (52), and air holes (81) are provided in the middle of the rotating sleeve (51) and on the puncture sampling tube (1).

8. A vertebral puncture biopsy tool as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a calibration coil (9), and a plurality of calibration coils (9) are evenly spaced outside the puncture sampling tube (1).

Images