Clinical closed drainage device for cardiothoracic surgery department

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cardiothoracic surgery, and particularly relates to a cardiothoracic surgery clinical closed drainage device which comprises a drainage bottle and a drainage tube and further comprises an installation part and a tube clamping part, a spring is connected between the installation part and the tube clamping part, and an insertion tube communicated with the drainage bottle is arranged on the installation part. One end of the drainage tube is connected with the cannula in an inserted mode, and the tube clamping piece wraps the outer wall of the drainage tube. When the extension position of the drainage tube is pulled, the stability of connection between the drainage tube and the intubation tube is guaranteed through the tension of the spring, the tube clamping piece can move properly to avoid the situation that the contact position of the drainage tube and the tube clamping piece is excessively bent to affect drainage operation, and the long-time drainage use effect and the adaptability to external environment changes are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cardiothoracic surgery, and particularly to a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery. Background Art

[0002] In clinical cardiothoracic surgery, drainage devices are mainly used to drain accumulated gas and fluid in the body, promote wound healing, monitor the changes in the condition, and prevent infection, etc.

[0003] Referring to the Chinese patent with the patent publication number CN218305673U, a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery is disclosed, which includes a sliding seat. A drainage bottle is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the sliding seat. A first side plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the sliding seat. A fixing seat is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the sliding groove. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing seat. The left side of the connecting seat is rotatably connected to one end of a first threaded rod. The other end of the first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the right side of the first side plate. The right side of the connecting seat is rotatably connected to one end of a second threaded rod. The other end of the second threaded rod passes through the opening and is fixedly connected to the lower left side of the rotating handwheel.

[0004] However, in the actual use process, it is more likely that the loosening between the drainage tube and the drainage bottle is caused by the pulling of the drainage tube, which will affect the drainage effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems in the background art, the present invention proposes a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery.

[0006] A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention includes a drainage bottle and a drainage tube, and further includes a mounting member and a clamping member. A spring is connected between the mounting member and the clamping member. An insertion tube communicating with the drainage bottle is arranged on the mounting member. One end of the drainage tube is inserted into the insertion tube. The clamping member is wrapped around the outer wall of the drainage tube.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a tensile force monitoring module, which is used to obtain the tensile force received by the spring in real time and generate a tensile force deviation factor D through a microprocessor F ; a deformation monitoring module, which is used to obtain the bending degree of the spring in real time and generate a bending degree change factor D through a microprocessor C ; a pressure monitoring module, which is used to obtain the air expansion pressure at a fixed position on the outer wall of the drainage tube in real time and generate a pressure fluctuation factor D through a microprocessor P; A microprocessor that comprehensively analyzes the tensile deviation factor, the curvature change factor, and the pressure fluctuation factor, calculates the evaluation coefficient E, compares the evaluation coefficient with a preset reference coefficient to determine whether the drainage tube is being used properly. If the evaluation coefficient is greater than the reference coefficient, it indicates that there is a problem with the use of the drainage tube and the staff is reminded. If the evaluation coefficient is less than or equal to the reference coefficient, it indicates that the drainage tube is being used properly.

[0008] Preferably, the generation logic of the tensile deviation factor: Step 1: Obtain the axial tensile force received by the spring in real time through the tensile force monitoring module, and the measured value is F i , i = 1, 2, …, n, where n is the number of continuously collected data during the working time; Step 2: Calculate the tensile deviation factor D F , and the calculation expression is: In the formula, F min is the minimum threshold of the normal range of the set axial tensile force of the spring, and F max is the maximum threshold of the normal range of the set axial tensile force of the spring. [F min , F max is the normal range of the axial tensile force of the spring, which can be determined in advance through experiments.

[0009] Preferably, the generation logic of the curvature change factor: Step 1: Obtain the curvature of the spring in real time through the deformation monitoring module, and the real-time measured value is C i , i = 1, 2, …, n, where n is the number of continuously collected data during the working time; Step 2: Calculate the curvature change factor D C , and the calculation expression is: In the formula, k is a weight coefficient set according to the actual situation, used to adjust the sensitivity of the curvature change factor, and can be determined through experiments.

[0010] Preferably, the generation logic of the pressure fluctuation factor: Step 1: Obtain the gas expansion pressure at a fixed position on the outer wall of the drainage tube in real time through the pressure monitoring module, and the real-time measured value is recorded as P i , i = 1, 2, …, n, where n is the number of continuously collected data during the working time; Step 2: Calculate the pressure standard deviation, and the calculation expression is: In the formula, Step 3: Calculate the pressure fluctuation factor D P , and the calculation expression is: Among them, [P min , P max is the normal range of the gas expansion pressure, P min is the minimum value of the normal range of the gas expansion pressure, and P max is the maximum value of the normal range of the gas expansion pressure.

[0011] Preferably, the calculation logic of the evaluation coefficient: Step 1, introduce the risk weight adjustment function ω(x), Step 2, calculate the evaluation coefficient E, and the calculation expression is: E = ω F ·D F +ω C ·D C +ω P ·D P , where, Dynamically adjust the weight according to the risk degree of the influence of the current value of different factors on the drainage tube.

[0012] Preferably, the tensile force monitoring module is provided with a tensile and compressive force sensor, the tensile and compressive force sensor is arranged in the mounting part, the deformation monitoring module is arranged as a fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor is pasted on the surface of the spring.

[0013] Preferably, a battery is arranged on the mounting part, a buzzer is arranged on the mounting part, the microprocessor is electrically connected to the buzzer through a switch, and when the calculated evaluation coefficient is greater than the set reference coefficient, the buzzer is started to remind the staff.

[0014] Preferably, the pipe clamping part is provided with a pipe clamping frame and a strip-shaped airbag, a pipe hole is opened at the top of the pipe clamping frame, an opening is arranged on one side of the pipe hole, a filling cavity is arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the pipe hole, the airbag is arranged in the filling cavity in a limited sliding manner, both ends of the airbag face the opening, and the pressure monitoring module is provided with a barometric pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the air pressure intensity in the airbag.

[0015] Preferably, connection blocks are fixed at both ends of the airbag, magnetic blocks are installed on the opposite sides of the two connection blocks, the two magnetic blocks are magnetically adsorbed to each other, the connection block is provided with a connection part and a sliding part, the connection part is fixed to the end of the airbag, the sliding part is fixed at a position of the connection part away from the pipe hole, and a limiting strip is installed on the outer wall of the pipe clamping frame at a position corresponding to the sliding part, and the top and bottom of the sliding part are in sliding contact with the corresponding limiting strips.

[0016] The beneficial effects in the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, the outer wall of the drainage tube is limited and fixed by the pipe clamping part. When the extended position of the drainage tube is pulled, the spring tension is used to ensure the stability of the connection between the drainage tube and the intubation tube. The pipe clamping part can move appropriately to avoid excessive bending at the contact position between the drainage tube and the pipe clamping part, which affects the drainage operation, and improves the long-term drainage use effect and the adaptability to external environmental changes.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, through the comprehensive analysis of the tensile deviation factor, the bending degree change factor, and the pressure fluctuation factor, the timeliness and accuracy of monitoring are improved, thereby improving the long-term use effect of the drainage device. In addition, after reminding the staff, the staff can quickly judge the problem through the bending change of the spring and make timely adjustments, further improving the actual use effect and applicability of the drainage device.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, through the overall setting of the installation part and the clamping pipe part, the structure that can limit the connection of the drainage pipe and monitor and alarm by the installation part and the clamping pipe part can be disassembled and replaced for use, which is convenient for quickly attaching and using the existing drainage equipment, and further improving the applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the control module of a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the installation part and the clamping pipe part of a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the clamping pipe part of a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the airbag structure of a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the connection block structure of a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1 drainage bottle, 11 hook, 2 drainage pipe, 3 installation part, 31 insertion tube, 32 sealing ring, 4 spring, 5 clamping pipe part, 51 clamping pipe frame, 511 pipe hole, 512 opening, 513 limiting strip, 52 airbag, 53 connection block, 531 connection part, 532 sliding part, 533 notch, 534 magnet, 6 microprocessor, 7 battery, 8 buzzer, 9 negative pressure pipe, 91 negative pressure regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-4, A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery, including a drainage bottle 1 and a drainage tube 2. Hooks 11 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the drainage bottle 1. One side of the top of the drainage bottle 1 is communicated with a negative pressure tube 9, and a negative pressure regulating valve 91 is arranged on the negative pressure tube 9. It also includes a mounting member 3 and a clamping member 5. A spring 4 is connected between the mounting member 3 and the clamping member 5. The mounting member 3 is detachably connected to the drainage bottle 1. A catheter 31 communicated with the drainage bottle 1 is fixed at the middle position of the mounting member 3. One end of the drainage tube 2 is inserted into the catheter 31. The clamping member 5 covers the outer wall of the drainage tube 2, and there is a gap between the clamping member 5 and the mounting member 3. The joint position of the catheter 31 and the drainage tube 2 is located between the clamping member 5 and the mounting member 3. The mounting member 3 and the clamping member 5 are connected by a spring 4 to form a detachable integral connection structure. When in use, the mounting member 3 is installed on the drainage bottle 1 so that the bottom end of the catheter 31 is communicated with the inside of the drainage bottle 1, and the stability of the connection between the catheter 31 and the drainage bottle 1 is ensured by the fixation of the mounting member 3 to the drainage bottle 1. Under the support of the spring 4, the clamping member 5 is naturally placed above the mounting member 3. After one end of the drainage tube 2 is inserted into the top end of the catheter 31, the position of the outer wall of the drainage tube 2 close to the insertion is sleeved inside the clamping member 5, so that the clamping member 5 limits and fixes the outer wall of the drainage tube 2. When the extending position of the drainage tube 2 is pulled, the spring 4 tension is used to ensure the stability of the connection between the drainage tube 2 and the catheter 31; and only the spring 4 is connected between the mounting member 3 and the clamping member 5, so that the clamping member 5 can move relative to the mounting member 3 within the three-dimensional space range. When the drainage tube 2 is pulled in the extending direction, the clamping member 5 can move appropriately to avoid excessive bending at the contact position between the drainage tube 2 and the clamping member 5, which affects the drainage operation, and the torsional elasticity of the spring 4 is used to pay for the recovery, thereby further improving the long-term drainage use effect and the adaptability to external environmental changes.

[0028] In the present invention, there is also a tensile force monitoring module, which is used to obtain the tensile force axially received by the spring 4 in real time and generate a tensile force deviation factor D through a microprocessor F , Excessive tensile force deviation factor: indicating that the tensile force axially received by the spring 4 is too large, that is, the clamping member 5 and the drainage tube 2 may be subjected to a large deformation effect of outward pulling, which may cause the separation between the drainage tube 2 and the catheter 31, and it is necessary to remind in time;

[0029] A deformation monitoring module, which is used to obtain the bending degree of the spring 4 in real time and generate a bending degree change factor D through a microprocessor C , Excessive bending degree change factor: indicating that the spring 4 is overly bent, and the drainage tube 2 may be overly bent and wrinkled, affecting the internal drainage operation, and it is necessary to remind in time;

[0030] A pressure monitoring module, which is used to obtain the gas expansion pressure at the fixed position of the outer wall of the drainage tube 2 in real time and generate a pressure fluctuation factor D through a microprocessorP , the pressure fluctuation factor is too large: the internal air pressure at the corresponding position of the surface drainage tube 2 is too large, which may be caused by excessive bending of the drainage tube 2, resulting in blockage of gas flow between the drainage tube 2 and the cannula 31, and timely reminder is required; the pressure fluctuation factor is too small: the internal air pressure at the corresponding position of the surface drainage tube 2 is too small, which may be caused by looseness between the drainage tube 2 and the cannula 31, and timely reminder is required;

[0031] The microprocessor 6 performs a comprehensive analysis on the tension deviation factor, the curvature change factor and the pressure fluctuation factor, calculates the evaluation coefficient E, compares the evaluation coefficient with the preset reference coefficient, and determines whether the drainage tube 2 is used normally. If the evaluation coefficient is greater than the reference coefficient, it indicates that there is a problem in the use of the drainage tube 2, and the staff is reminded. If the evaluation coefficient is less than or equal to the reference coefficient, it means that the drainage tube 2 is used normally. Therefore, during use, the stability of the connection of the drainage tube 2 and the bending change of the drainage tube 2 are monitored timely and effectively through the tension monitoring module, the deformation monitoring module and the pressure monitoring module, and the state of the connection position of the drainage tube 2 is displayed through the spring 4. Through the comprehensive analysis of the tension deviation factor, the curvature change factor and the pressure fluctuation factor, the timeliness and accuracy of the monitoring are improved, thereby improving the long-term use effect of the drainage device. In addition, after reminding the staff, the staff can quickly judge the problem through the bending change of the spring 4 and make timely adjustments, further improving the actual use effect and applicability of the drainage device.

[0032] In the present invention, the generation logic of the tension deviation factor is:

[0033] Step 1: Use the tension monitoring module to obtain the axial tension of spring 4 in real time. The measured value is F i , i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the number of data collected continuously during working hours;

[0034] Step 2: Calculate the tension deviation factor D F , the calculation expression is:

[0035] In the formula, F min The minimum threshold value of the normal range of axial tension of spring 4 is set, F max The maximum threshold value of the normal range of axial tension of spring 4 is set as [F min ,F max ] is the normal range of the axial tension of the spring, which can be determined in advance through experiments; this factor reflects the degree of deviation of the average tension value during working hours from the middle value of the normal range. The greater the deviation, the more likely it is that the axial tension of the spring 4 is beyond the normal range, that is, the pipe clamp 5 and the drainage tube 2 may be subjected to a large outward deformation, and timely reminders are more needed.

[0036] In the present invention, the generation logic of the curvature change factor is:

[0037] Step 1: Obtain the curvature of spring 4 in real time through the deformation monitoring module. The real-time measurement value is C i , i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the number of data collected continuously during working hours;

[0038] Step 2: Calculate the curvature variation factor D C , the calculation expression is:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, k is a weight coefficient set according to actual conditions, which is used to adjust the sensitivity of the curvature change factor and can be determined through experiments. This factor reflects the average degree of change of the curvature of the spring 4 over time. The greater the degree of change, the more likely the spring 4 is to be over-bent, and the drainage tube 2 may be over-bent and wrinkled, affecting the drainage operation, so timely reminders are required.

[0041] In the present invention, the logic of generating the pressure fluctuation factor is:

[0042] Step 1: Obtain the inflation pressure at a fixed position on the outer wall of the drainage tube 2 in real time through the pressure monitoring module, and the real-time measurement value is recorded as P i , i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the number of data collected continuously during working hours;

[0043] Step 2: Calculate the pressure standard deviation. The calculation expression is:

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, The pressure standard deviation reflects the degree of dispersion of the inflation pressure measurement value relative to the average value. The greater the dispersion, the more drastic the fluctuation of the pressure value during working hours. Under normal circumstances, the inflation pressure in the drainage tube 2 should be relatively stable, and the measured value fluctuates slightly around the average value. However, when there is a problem with the drainage tube, such as excessive bending leading to gas flow blockage or loosening between the drainage tube and the cannula, the inflation pressure will fluctuate greatly, and the pressure standard deviation will increase.

[0046] Step 3: Calculate the pressure fluctuation factor D P , the calculation expression is:

[0047] Among them, [P min ,P max ] is the normal range of inflation pressure, P min It is the minimum value of the normal range of inflation pressure, P maxis the maximum value within the normal range of the inflation pressure; this calculation is to relatively compare the degree of pressure fluctuation with the normal range. If the value of the pressure fluctuation factor is large, it indicates that the fluctuation amplitude of the inflation pressure is relatively large compared to the normal range, and it is very likely that there are problems such as excessive bending or loose connection of the drainage tube, resulting in unstable internal air pressure, and it is necessary to promptly remind the staff to check and handle it; if the value of the pressure fluctuation factor is small, it indicates that the inflation pressure fluctuation is within the normal range and the working state of the drainage tube is relatively stable.

[0048] In the present invention, the calculation logic of the evaluation coefficient is as follows:

[0049] Step 1: Introduce the risk weight adjustment function ω(x),

[0050] Step 2: Calculate the evaluation coefficient E, and the calculation expression is:

[0051] E = ω F ·D F + ω C ·D C + ω P ·D P ,

[0052] In the formula, Dynamically adjust the weight according to the risk degree of the current values of different factors on the drainage tube. For example, when the tensile deviation factor is large, it means that the influence weight of the tensile deviation on the evaluation coefficient increases, and the evaluation focuses more on the abnormal tensile situation. Such a calculation method of the evaluation coefficient can more flexibly evaluate the state of the drainage tube according to the actual situation, improving the evaluation accuracy and timeliness.

[0053] In the present invention, the tensile force monitoring module is provided with a tensile and pressure sensor, the tensile and pressure sensor is arranged in the mounting member 3 and connected to the end of the spring 4, the deformation monitoring module is provided with a surface-mounted fiber Bragg grating sensor, and the fiber Bragg grating sensor is pasted on the surface of the spring 4 through an adhesive, so that the fiber Bragg grating deforms in coordination with the spring 4, thereby measuring the strain of the spring 4 and further reflecting the state changes such as the bending of the spring 4.

[0054] In the present invention, a sealing ring 32 is fixed on the outer wall of the mounting member 3, the microprocessor 6 is installed on the mounting member 3, a button-type battery 7 is arranged on the mounting member 3 for power supply operations of the tensile force monitoring module, the deformation monitoring module, the pressure monitoring module and other electronic components, a buzzer 8 is arranged on the mounting member 3, and the microprocessor 6 is electrically connected to the buzzer 8 through a switch. When the calculated evaluation coefficient is greater than the set reference coefficient, the buzzer 8 is activated to remind the staff.

[0055] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1-6, a closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery, based on Example 1, a tube holder 5 is provided with a tube holder 51 and a strip-shaped airbag 52, a tube hole 511 is provided at the center of the top of the tube holder 51, an opening 512 is provided on one side of the tube hole 511, the top and bottom ends of the opening 512 are both penetrated, a filling cavity is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the tube hole 511, the airbag 52 is limitedly slidably arranged in the filling cavity, both ends of the airbag 52 are facing the opening 512, the airbag 52 is arranged around the filling cavity and the inner wall surrounded by the airbag 52 is flush with the inner wall of the tube hole 511, a pressure monitoring module is provided with an air pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the air pressure intensity in the airbag 52, when in use, the drainage tube 2 is squeezed into the tube hole 511 from the opening 512 position and placed in a limited position, and The two ends of the airbag 52 are connected so that the surrounding airbag 52 covers the outer wall of the drainage tube 2 to form an extrusion limit, so that when the internal air pressure of the drainage tube 2 changes, the airbag 52 will adaptively deform, that is, the air pressure in the airbag 52 will change accordingly, so that the air pressure in the drainage tube 2 can be monitored by the external airbag 52; and through the movable connection of the airbag 52, the drainage tube 2 can be movable to avoid hard extrusion and friction causing wear on the outer wall of the drainage tube 2, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of long-term drainage use; and through the overall arrangement of the mounting part 3 and the clamping tube part 5, the mounting part 3 and the clamping tube part 5 can constitute a structure that limits the connection of the drainage tube 2 and can monitor and alarm, and can be disassembled and replaced for use, which is convenient and quick to add to the drainage equipment already used in the prior art, further improving applicability.

[0056] In the present invention, both ends of the airbag 52 are fixed with connecting blocks 53, and the sides of the two connecting blocks 53 facing each other are installed with magnetic blocks 534. The two magnetic blocks 534 are magnetically attracted to each other, so that the connecting blocks 53 at both ends of the airbag 52 are magnetically fixed by the magnetic blocks 534 to limit the placement of the drainage tube 2. The connecting block 53 is provided with a connecting portion 531 and a sliding portion 532. The connecting portion 531 is fixed to the end of the airbag 52 and the connecting portion 531 is extended along the radial direction of the tube hole 511. The sliding portion 532 is fixed to the position of the connecting portion 531 away from the tube hole 511. The sliding portion A notch 533 is provided at the outer position between 532 and the connecting part 531, so as to facilitate the separation of the two connecting blocks 53 by pushing the notch 533. The outer walls corresponding to the sliding part 532 and the pipe holder 51 are arranged into an arc structure. The outer wall of the pipe holder 51 is installed with a limiting strip 513 installed at a position corresponding to the sliding part 532. The top and bottom of the sliding part 532 are both in sliding contact with the corresponding limiting strip 513, so as to limit the connecting block 53 by the limiting strip 513 to ensure the stabilizing effect of the airbag 52 on the limiting covering of the drainage tube 2 at the opening 512.

[0057] As described above, it is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery, comprising a drainage bottle (1) and a drainage tube (2), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a mounting member (3) and a pipe clamping member (5), wherein a spring (4) is connected between the mounting member (3) and the pipe clamping member (5), a cannula (31) connected to the drainage bottle (1) is arranged on the mounting member (3), one end of the drainage tube (2) is plugged into the cannula (31), and the pipe clamping member (5) is covered on the outer wall of the drainage tube (2).

2. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a tension monitoring module, which is used to obtain the tension exerted on the spring (4) in real time and generate a tension deviation factor D through a microprocessor. F ; The deformation monitoring module is used to obtain the curvature of the spring (4) in real time and generate a curvature change factor D through a microprocessor. C ; The pressure monitoring module is used to obtain the inflation pressure at a fixed position on the outer wall of the drainage tube (2) in real time and generate a pressure fluctuation factor D through a microprocessor. P ; The microprocessor (6) performs a comprehensive analysis on the tension deviation factor, the curvature variation factor and the pressure fluctuation factor, calculates an evaluation coefficient E, compares the evaluation coefficient with a preset reference coefficient, and determines whether the drainage tube (2) is used normally. If the evaluation coefficient is greater than the reference coefficient, it indicates that there is a problem in the use of the drainage tube (2), and alerts the staff. If the evaluation coefficient is less than or equal to the reference coefficient, it indicates that the drainage tube (2) is used normally.

3. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The generation logic of the tension deviation factor: Step 1: Use the tension monitoring module to obtain the axial tension of the spring (4) in real time. The measured value is F i , i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the number of data collected continuously during working hours; Step 2: Calculate the tension deviation factor D F , the calculation expression is: In the formula, F min is the minimum threshold value of the normal range of axial tension of the set spring (4), F max The maximum threshold value of the normal range of axial tension of the spring (4) is set as [F min ,F max ] is the normal range of the spring axial tension, which can be determined in advance through experiments.

4. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The generation logic of the curvature change factor: Step 1: Obtain the curvature of the spring (4) in real time through the deformation monitoring module. The real-time measurement value is C i , i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the number of data collected continuously during working hours; Step 2: Calculate the curvature variation factor D C , the calculation expression is: In the formula, k is a weight coefficient set according to actual conditions, which is used to adjust the sensitivity of the curvature change factor and can be determined through experiments.

5. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The generation logic of pressure fluctuation factor: Step 1: Obtain the inflation pressure at a fixed position on the outer wall of the drainage tube (2) in real time through the pressure monitoring module, and the real-time measurement value is recorded as P i , i = 1, 2, ..., n, n is the number of data collected continuously during working hours; Step 2: Calculate the pressure standard deviation. The calculation expression is: In the formula, Step 3: Calculate the pressure fluctuation factor D P , the calculation expression is: Among them, [P min ,P max ] is the normal range of inflation pressure, P min It is the minimum value of the normal range of inflation pressure, P max It is the maximum value of the normal range of inflation pressure.

6. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculation logic of evaluation coefficient: Step 1: Introduce the risk weight adjustment function ω(x), Step 2: Calculate the evaluation coefficient E. The calculation expression is: E=ω F ·D F +oh C ·D C +oh P ·D P , In the formula, The weights are adjusted dynamically according to the risk level of the impact of the current values ​​of different factors on the drainage tube.

7. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The tension monitoring module is provided with a tension pressure sensor, which is arranged in the mounting member (3); the deformation monitoring module is provided as a fiber optic grating sensor, which is pasted on the surface of the spring (4).

8. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting member (3) is provided with a battery (7), the mounting member (3) is provided with a buzzer (8), the microprocessor (6) is electrically connected to the buzzer (8) via a switch, and when the calculated evaluation coefficient is greater than a set reference coefficient, the buzzer (8) is activated to remind the staff.

9. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The pipe clamping member (5) is provided with a pipe clamping frame (51) and an air bag (52) of a strip structure; a pipe hole (511) is provided on the top of the pipe clamping frame (51); an opening (512) is provided on one side of the pipe hole (511); a filling cavity is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the pipe hole (511); the air bag (52) is limitedly slidably arranged in the filling cavity; both ends of the air bag (52) face the opening (512); and a pressure monitoring module is provided with an air pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the air pressure intensity in the air bag (52).

10. A closed drainage device for clinical use in cardiothoracic surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that: Connecting blocks (53) are fixed at both ends of the airbag (52), and magnetic blocks (534) are installed on the sides facing each other of the two connecting blocks (53). The two magnetic blocks (534) are magnetically attracted to each other. The connecting block (53) is provided with a connecting portion (531) and a sliding portion (532). The connecting portion (531) is fixed to the end of the airbag (52), and the sliding portion (532) is fixed to a position of the connecting portion (531) away from the pipe hole (511). A limiting strip (513) is installed at a position corresponding to the sliding portion (532) on the outer wall of the pipe holder (51), and the top and bottom of the sliding portion (532) are in sliding contact with the corresponding limiting strip (513).

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