Method for communication by user equipment and base station and corresponding equipment and medium

Abstract

A method for communication by a user equipment and a base station, and a corresponding device and medium are provided. A user equipment (UE) determines that a cell for a wireless communication network is operating in a sleep mode. The UE operates in a sleep mode for a cell of the wireless communication network, wherein operating in the sleep mode includes performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a sleep bandwidth portion (BWP) based on a configuration. The configuration may include a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the dormant BWP.

Description

[0001] This divisional application is a divisional application of the application with the filing date of February 23, 2021, application number 202180014382.1, and invention title "Beam Failure Detection (BFD) in Dormant Bandwidth Part (BWP)".

[0002] Cross - reference to related applications

[0003] This application claims the priority and benefit of the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) application with serial number PCT / CN2020 / 076401, filed on February 24, 2020, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth below and for all applicable purposes. Technical field

[0004] This disclosure is directed to wireless communication systems and methods. Some embodiments can implement and provide techniques for beam failure detection (BFD) in a dormant bandwidth part (BWP). Background art

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, etc. These systems can be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). A wireless multi - access communication system can include multiple base stations (BSs), each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as user equipment (UEs).

[0006] To meet the growing demand for extended mobile broadband connectivity, wireless communication technologies are evolving from Long - Term Evolution (LTE) technologies to next - generation New Radio (NR) technologies, which can be referred to as the fifth generation (5G). For example, NR is designed to provide lower latency, higher bandwidth or higher throughput, and higher reliability than LTE. NR is designed to operate on wide - band arrays, e.g., from low frequency bands below about 1 gigahertz (GHz) and intermediate frequency bands from about 1 GHz to about 6 GHz, to high frequency bands such as the millimeter - wave (mmWave) frequency band. NR is also designed to operate across different spectrum types, from licensed spectrum to unlicensed and shared spectrum. Spectrum sharing enables operators to aggregate spectrum in a timely manner to dynamically support high - bandwidth services. Spectrum sharing can extend the advantages of NR technology to operating entities that may not have access to licensed spectrum.

[0007] NR can use beamforming in combination with BWP to benefit from the wider channel bandwidth available at higher frequencies (e.g., millimeter wave bands). For example, the path loss in higher frequency bands may be high, and broadband operation in a wider channel bandwidth may be expensive. To overcome the high path loss, the BS and / or UE can perform analog and / or digital beamforming to create narrow directional beams for communication. To avoid having the UE operate in a wide channel bandwidth, BWP allows the UE to communicate with the BS using a frequency bandwidth that is smaller or narrower than the channel bandwidth. BWP refers to dividing the channel bandwidth into smaller frequency bands. For example, in NR, the BS can configure up to four BWPs for the UE in the channel bandwidth, and the BS can activate one BWP at any given time instance to communicate with the UE. The UE does not need to transmit or receive outside the configured frequency range of the active BWP and can thus provide power savings at the UE. SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0008] The following presents a summary of certain aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the discussed technology. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated features of the present disclosure, and is neither intended to identify key or critical elements of all aspects of the present disclosure nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0009] For example, in one aspect of the present disclosure, a method of wireless communication performed by a first user equipment (UE) includes determining to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; and operating in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network, wherein operating in the sleep mode includes performing beam failure detection (BFD) based on a configuration in a sleep bandwidth part (BWP).

[0010] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a method of wireless communication transmission performed by a base station (BS) includes determining that a user equipment (UE) is operating in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; and sending a configuration for performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a sleep bandwidth part (BWP) associated with the sleep mode to the UE.

[0011] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) includes a processor configured to determine to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; and operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network, wherein operating in the sleep mode includes performing beam failure detection (BFD) based on a configuration in a sleep bandwidth part (BWP).

[0012] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a base station (BS) includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor being configured to determine that a user equipment (UE) is operating in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network, and the transceiver being configured to send to the UE a configuration for performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a sleep bandwidth part (BWP) associated with the sleep mode.

[0013] After reading the following description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, other aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Although the features of the present invention may be discussed with respect to certain embodiments and drawings below, all embodiments of the present invention may include one or more of the advantageous features discussed herein. In other words, although one or more embodiments may be discussed as having certain advantageous features, one or more of these features may also be used in accordance with the various embodiments of the present invention discussed herein. In a similar manner, although the exemplary embodiments may be discussed below as device, system, or method embodiments, it should be understood that such exemplary embodiments may be implemented in various devices, systems, and methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A wireless communication network is shown in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 2 A radio frame structure is shown in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3 A BWP configuration scheme is shown in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 4 A BWP configuration scheme is shown in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 5 is a block diagram of a user equipment (UE) in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary base station (BS) in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 7 is a signaling diagram of a BFD method in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 8 is a flowchart of a BFD method in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a BFD method in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 10 It is a flowchart of a BFD method operating in a dormant mode according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 11 It shows a BFD RS measurement scheme according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 12A It shows a dormant BWP configuration scheme according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 12B It shows a dormant BWP configuration scheme according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 12C It shows a dormant BWP configuration scheme according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 13 It is a flowchart of a wireless communication method according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 14 It is a flowchart of a wireless communication method according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 15 It is a flowchart of a wireless communication method according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 16 It is a flowchart of a wireless communication method according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0032] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the accompanying drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. For the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed description includes specific details. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0033] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless communication systems, also referred to as wireless communication networks. In various embodiments, these techniques and apparatuses may be used in wireless communication networks such as code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, global system for mobile communications (GSM) networks, fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks, and other communication networks. As used herein, the terms “network” and “system” may be used interchangeably.

[0034] OFDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA, E-UTRA, and GSM are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Specifically, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a UMTS version that uses E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS, and LTE are described in documents provided by an organization called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). These various radio technologies and standards are known or under development. For example, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a cooperation among telecommunication society groups aimed at defining globally applicable third-generation (3G) mobile phone specifications. 3GPP Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a 3GPP project that aims to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard. The 3GPP can define specifications for next-generation mobile networks, mobile systems, and mobile devices. This disclosure relates to the evolution of wireless technologies from LTE, 4G, 5G, NR, and later versions, where access to the wireless spectrum is shared among networks using a new and different set of radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.

[0035] 5G networks are expected to enable various deployments, various spectrums, and various services and devices that can be implemented using an OFDM-based unified air interface. To achieve these goals, in addition to developing new radio technologies for 5G NR networks, further enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are also considered. The 5G NR will be able to scale to provide the following coverage: (1) Massive Internet of Things (IoT) with ultra-high density (e.g., ~1M nodes / km 2 ), ultra-low complexity (e.g., ~10s bits / second), ultra-low energy (e.g., ~10+ years of battery life), and deep coverage with the ability to reach challenging locations; (2) Critical mission control including strong security to protect sensitive personal, financial, or confidential information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., ~99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., ~1ms), and users with a wide range of mobility or lack of mobility; and (3) Enhanced mobile broadband including extremely high capacity (e.g., ~10 Tbps / km 2 ), extremely high data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rates, 100+ Mbps user experience rate), and deep awareness with advanced discovery and optimization.

[0036] The 5G NR can be implemented to use an optimized OFDM-based waveform with scalable numerology and transmission time interval (TTI); with a general, flexible framework to efficiently multiplex services and features using dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD) / frequency division duplex (FDD) designs; and with advanced radio technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), robust millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission, advanced channel decoding, and device-centric mobility. The scalability of the numerology in the 5G NR with subcarrier spacing scaling can effectively address operating different services across different spectrums and different deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments with less than 3 GHz FDD / TDD implementations, the subcarrier spacing can occur at 15 kHz, e.g., over bandwidths (BW) of 5, 10, 20 MHz, etc. For various other outdoor and small cell coverage deployments with TDD greater than 3 GHz, the subcarrier spacing can occur at 30 kHz over 80 / 100 MHz BW. For various other indoor broadband implementations using TDD in the unlicensed portion of the 5G Hz band, the subcarrier spacing can occur at 60 kHz over 160 MHz BW. Finally, for various deployments using mmWave components for transmission under TDD at 28 GHz, the subcarrier spacing can occur at 120 kHz over 500 MHz BW.

[0037] The scalable numerology of the 5G NR facilitates scalable TTI for various latency and quality of service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTIs can be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTIs can be used for higher spectral efficiency. The effective multiplexing of long and short TTIs allows transmissions to start at symbol boundaries. The 5G NR also anticipates a self-contained integrated subframe design that has UL / downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgments in the same subframe. This self-contained integrated subframe supports unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrum, communication in adaptive UL / downlink that can be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis to dynamically switch between UL and downlink to meet current traffic demands.

[0038] Various other aspects and features of the present disclosure are further described below. It is apparent that the teachings herein can be embodied in many forms and that any specific structure, function, or both disclosed herein are merely representative and not restrictive. Based on the teachings herein, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that one aspect disclosed herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of the aspects set forth herein can be used to implement a device or practice a method. Additionally, such a device or method can be implemented using other structures, functions, or a combination of structures and functions in addition to or different from one or more of the aspects set forth herein. For example, a method can be implemented as part of a system, apparatus, device, and / or as instructions stored on a computer-readable medium for execution on a processor or computer. Further, one aspect can include at least one element of a claim.

[0039] To apply beamforming techniques to communication, the BS and the UE can perform beam measurements and beam selection to determine one or more optimal beams for communication. The optimal beam can refer to a transmission beam that can provide high received power and / or high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the receiver. For example, the BS can send a set of reference signals, such as synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), by sweeping through multiple spatial directions to facilitate initial beam measurement and selection. Additionally, the BS can configure the UE with a set of reference signals for beam failure detection (BFD), which can include SSBs, tracking reference signals (TRSs), and / or channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RSs). The set of reference signals configured for BFD can be referred to as BFD reference signals (BFDRSs). For example, the UE can monitor the BFD RSs and determine the link quality or beam quality based on the measurements of the BFD RSs. For example, when the link quality measurement is below a certain threshold, the UE can detect a beam failure condition. Upon detecting a beam failure, the UE can perform beam recovery with the BS, for example, by requesting the BS to use a transmission beam in a different spatial direction.

[0040] In a certain wireless communication network, the BS may configure the UE to monitor the BFD RS that is spatially quasi - co - located (QCL) with the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) demodulation reference signal (DMRS). In other words, the DL beam (or DL channel condition) used to transmit the BFD RS may correspond to the DL beam (or DL channel condition) used to transmit the PDCCH DMRS. In NR, there are several types of quasi - co - location relationships, for example, in terms of delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler frequency shift, average delay, and / or spatial reception parameters. The BS may configure one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for the UE in a BWP, and may configure one or more PDCCH search spaces for the UE based on the CORESET. Each CORESET may include one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states, which may indicate the DL reference signals (such as SSB, CSI - RS, and / or TRS) that are QCL with the corresponding PDCCH DMRS.

[0041] In some aspects, the BS may configure the UE to operate in a dormant BWP, for example, for power saving. Since it is not expected that the UE performs PDCCH monitoring in the dormant BWP, the BS may not configure a CORESET for the UE in the dormant BWP. However, the BS expects the UE to perform BFD when operating in the dormant BWP. In the absence of a configured CORESET in the dormant BWP, the UE may not be able to determine which resources or BFD RS to monitor for BFD.

[0042] This disclosure describes mechanisms for BFD in a dormant BWP. For example, the BS may configure the UE to operate in a dormant mode for a cell in the network. The cell may be a primary cell (PCell) or a secondary cell (SCell). When the UE operates in the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE with a BFD configuration for performing BFD. In some aspects, the BS may configure the UE to exclude performing BFD in the dormant BWP. In some aspects, when the UE operates in the dormant BWP, the BS may configure a set of rules for the UE to determine the BFD RS and the corresponding resources for BFD RS monitoring.

[0043] In some aspects, if the UE is configured with explicit BFD RSs, the BS may configure the UE to perform BFD RS monitoring while operating in a dormant BWP. If the UE is not configured with any explicit BFD RSs, the BS may configure the UE to suppress the execution of BFD. In some aspects, the BS may configure the UE to perform BFD in the dormant BWP by monitoring one or more BFD RSs that are quasi - co - located (QCL) with a CORESET in a non - dormant BWP before the UE switches to the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the BS may configure the UE with a non - dormant BWP paired with the dormant BWP. When the UE operates in the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE to monitor one or more BFD RSs that are QCL with a CORESET in the paired non - dormant BWP. In some aspects, the BS may configure a CORESET in the dormant BWP for the UE, but may configure zero PDCCH candidates for the CORESET. The BS may configure the UE to monitor one or more BFD RSs that are QCL with the CORESET in the dormant BWP.

[0044] In some aspects, if the UE is configured with implicit BFD RSs, the BS may configure the UE to perform BFD RS monitoring in the dormant BWP. If the UE is not configured with any implicit BFD RSs, the BS may configure the UE to suppress the execution of BFD. In some aspects, the BS may configure the UE to monitor one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of a CORESET in a non - dormant BWP before the UE switches to the dormant BWP, a paired non - dormant BWP, or the dormant BWP.

[0045] In some aspects, the BS may transmit one or more BFD RSs entirely within the dormant BWP, partially within the dormant BWP, and / or outside the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the BS may configure the UE to perform measurements on a BFD RS that is entirely within the dormant BWP. In some aspects, when a BFD RS is partially within the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE to measure the portion of the BFD RS that is within the dormant BWP. Additionally, the BS may configure the UE to measure the entire BFD RS that includes a portion outside the dormant BWP. In some aspects, when a BFD RS is outside the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE to exclude measurements on the BFD RS. Alternatively, the BS may configure the UE to switch to the BWP where the BFD RS is located, or extend the BWP to include the BWP where the BFD RS is located, and measure the BFD RS.

[0046] In some aspects, the BS can configure a non-dormant BWP for the UE via Radio Resource Control (RRC), and then switch the RRC-configured BWP to a dormant BWP via Downlink Control Information (DCI), Medium Access Control - Control Element (MAC-CE), or Wake-up Signal (WUS). The transition of the BWP to the dormant mode can be permanent or for a period of time.

[0047] Aspects of the present disclosure can provide several benefits. For example, the configuration of rules for determining explicit BFD RSs that are QCL with a CORESET in a certain BWP and / or implicit BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of a CORESET in a certain BWP enables the UE to perform BFD while operating in the dormant BWP. Thus, the UE can monitor beam quality in the dormant BWP and can perform a beam recovery procedure with the BS to switch to another beam or beam pair (e.g., UL and / or DL beams) when a beam failure situation is detected. In this way, when the BS determines to switch the UE back to the non-dormant BWP at a later time, the BS and the UE can be ready to communicate using the beam from the most recent beam selection (e.g., based on the most recent beam recovery) without having to perform beam selection at the time of the switch. Therefore, the present disclosure can reduce the activation time for switching from the dormant BWP to the non-dormant BWP.

[0048] Figure 1 A wireless communication network 100 is shown in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. The network 100 can be a 5G network. The network 100 includes multiple base stations (BSs) 105 (labeled 105a, 105b, 105c, 105d, 105e, and 105f respectively) and other network entities. The BS 105 can be a station that communicates with the UE 115 and can also be referred to as an evolved Node B (eNB), a next-generation eNB (gNB), an access point (e.g., an IEEE 802.11 AP), etc. Each BS 105 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area. In 3GPP, depending on the context in which the term is used, the term "cell" can refer to the specific geographical coverage area of the BS 105 and / or the BS subsystem serving that coverage area.

[0049] BS105 can provide communication coverage to a macro cell or a small cell (such as a pico cell or a femto cell and / or other types of cells). A macro cell typically covers a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs having a service subscription with the network provider. A small cell (such as a pico cell) typically covers a relatively smaller geographical area and can allow unrestricted access by UEs having a service subscription with the network provider. A small cell (such as a femto cell) also typically covers a relatively small geographical area (e.g., a home), and in addition to unrestricted access, can provide restricted access to UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.). The BS for a macro cell can be referred to as a macro BS. The BS for a small cell can be referred to as a small cell BS, a pico BS, a femto BS, or a home BS. In Figure 1 the example shown, the BSs 105d and 105e can be conventional macro BSs, while the BSs 105a - 105c can be macro BSs enabled with one of three-dimensional (3D), full-dimensional (FD), or massive MIMO. The BSs 105a - 105c can utilize their higher-dimensional MIMO capabilities to increase coverage and capacity using 3D beamforming in elevation and azimuth beamforming. The BS105f can be a small cell BS, which can be a home node or a portable access point. BS105 can support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells.

[0050] The network 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the BSs can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different BSs can be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the BSs can have different frame timings, and transmissions from different BSs can be misaligned in time.

[0051] The UE 115 is dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile. The UE 115 can also be referred to as a terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, etc. The UE 115 can be a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, tablet computer, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, IEEE 802.11 terminal station (STA), etc. In one aspect, the UE 115 can be a device including a universal integrated circuit card (UICC). In another aspect, the UE can be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, the UE 115 that does not include a UICC can also be referred to as an IoT device or an Internet of Everything (IoE) device. The UE 115a - 115d are examples of mobile smart phone type devices accessing the network 100. The UE 115 can also be a machine specifically configured for connecting communications, including machine type communication (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), etc. The UE 115e - 115h are examples of various machines configured for accessing the communications of the network 100. The UE 115i - 115k are examples of vehicles equipped with a wireless communication device configured for accessing the communications of the network 100. The UE 115 may be able to communicate with any type of BS (whether macro BS, small cell, etc.). In Figure 1 which, lightning bolts (e.g., communication links) indicate wireless transmissions between the UE 115 and the serving BS 105, or desired transmissions between BSs 105, backhaul transmissions between BSs, or sidelink transmissions between UE 115s, where the serving BS 105 is the BS designated to serve the UE 115 on the downlink (DL) and / or uplink (UL).

[0052] In operation, the BSs 105a - 105c can use 3D beamforming and cooperative spatial techniques such as coordinated multipoint (CoMP) or multi-connection to serve the UE 115a and 115b. The macro BS 105d can perform backhaul communications with the BSs 105a - 105c and the small cell BS 105f. The macro BS 105d can also send multicast services subscribed to and received by the UE 115c and 115d. Such multicast services can include mobile TV or streaming video, or can include other services for providing community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as Amber alerts or Gray alerts.

[0053] The BS 105 can also communicate with a core network. The core network can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. At least some of the BSs 105 (e.g., which can be examples of gNBs or access node controllers (ANCs)) can interface with the core network via a backhaul link (e.g., NG-C, NG-U, etc.) and can perform radio configuration and scheduling for communicating with the UE 115. In various examples, the BSs 105 can communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., via the core network) with each other via a backhaul link (e.g., X1, X2, etc.), where the backhaul link can be a wired or wireless communication link.

[0054] The network 100 can also support mission-critical communications with ultra-reliable and redundant links for mission-critical devices such as the UE 115e, which can be a drone. The redundant communication links with the UE 115e can include links from macro BSs 105d and 105e, and a link from a small cell BS 105f. Other machine type devices such as the UE 115f (e.g., a thermometer), the UE 115g (e.g., a smart meter), and the UE 115h (e.g., a wearable device) can communicate with the BSs such as the small cell BS 105f and the macro BS 105e directly via the network 100, or communicate in a multi-hop configuration by communicating with another user equipment that relays their information to the network (such as the UE 115f communicating temperature measurement information to the smart meter UE 115g, which then reports the temperature measurement information to the network via the small cell BS 105f). The network 100 can also provide additional network efficiency via dynamic low-latency TDD / FDD communications, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), C-V2X communications between the UEs 115i, 115j, or 115k and other UEs 115, and / or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications between the UEs 115i, 115j, or 115k and the BS 105.

[0055] In some implementations, the network 100 communicates using an OFDM-based waveform. An OFDM-based system can divide the system BW into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are typically also referred to as subcarriers, tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. In some cases, the subcarrier spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) can depend on the system BW. The system BW can also be divided into subbands. In other instances, the subcarrier spacing and / or the duration of the TTI can be scalable.

[0056] In some aspects, the BS105 can allocate or schedule transmission resources (e.g., in the form of time-frequency resource blocks (RBs)) for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmissions in the network 100. DL refers to the transmission direction from the BS105 to the UE 115, and UL refers to the transmission direction from the UE 115 to the BS105. The communication can be in the form of radio frames. A radio frame can be divided into multiple subframes or time slots, e.g., around 10. Each time slot can be further divided into mini-slots. In the FDD mode, simultaneous UL and DL transmissions may occur in different frequency bands. For example, each subframe includes a UL subframe in the UL frequency band and a DL subframe in the DL frequency band. In the TDD mode, UL and DL transmissions occur in different time periods using the same frequency band. For example, a subset of subframes (e.g., DL subframes) in the radio frame can be used for DL transmissions, and another subset of subframes (e.g., UL subframes) in the radio frame can be used for UL transmissions.

[0057] The DL subframe and the UL subframe can be further divided into several regions. For example, each DL or UL subframe can have predefined regions for transmitting reference signals, control information, and data. The reference signal is a predefined signal that facilitates communication between the BS105 and the UE 115. For example, the reference signal can have a specific pilot pattern or structure, where the pilot frequency tones can span the operating BW or frequency band, each located at a predefined time and a predefined frequency. For example, the BS105 can send cell-specific reference signals (CRS) and / or channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS) to enable the UE 115 to estimate the DL channel. Similarly, the UE 115 can send sounding reference signals (SRS) to enable the BS105 to estimate the UL channel. The control information can include resource allocation and protocol control. The data can include protocol data and / or operation data. In some aspects, the BS105 and the UE115 can communicate using self-contained subframes. A self-contained subframe can include a portion for DL communication and a portion for UL communication. The self-contained subframe can be DL-centric or UL-centric. Compared with the duration for UL communication, a DL-centric subframe can include a longer duration for DL communication. Compared with the duration for UL communication, a UL-centric subframe can include a longer duration for UL communication.

[0058] In some aspects, the network 100 may be an NR network deployed on licensed spectrum. The BS 105 may send synchronization signals (e.g., including a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS)) in the network 100 to facilitate synchronization. The BS 105 may broadcast system information associated with the network 100 (e.g., including a Master Information Block (MIB), Remaining System Information (RMSI), and Other System Information (OSI)) to facilitate initial network access. In some cases, the BS 105 may broadcast the PSS, SSS, and / or MIB in the form of a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) via a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), and may broadcast the RMSI and / or OSI via a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

[0059] In some aspects, a UE 115 attempting to access the network 100 may perform initial cell search by detecting the PSS from the BS 105. The PSS may enable synchronization of periodic timing and may indicate a physical layer identity value. The UE 115 may then receive the SSS. The SSS may enable radio frame synchronization and may provide a cell identity value, which may be combined with the physical layer identity value to identify the cell. The PSS and the SSS may be located in the central part of the carrier or at any suitable frequency within the carrier.

[0060] After receiving the PSS and SSS, the UE 115 may receive the MIB. The MIB may include system information for initial network access and scheduling information for the RMSI and / or OSI. After decoding the MIB, the UE 115 may receive the RMSI and / or OSI. The RMSI and / or OSI may include Radio Resource Control (RRC) information related to the Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure, paging, Control Resource Sets (CORESETs) for Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) monitoring, Physical UL Control Channel (PUCCH), Physical UL Shared Channel (PUSCH), power control, and SRS.

[0061] After obtaining the MIB, RMSI, and / or OSI, the UE 115 may perform a random access procedure to establish a connection with the BS 105. In some examples, the random access procedure may be a four-step random access procedure. For example, the UE 115 may send a random access preamble, and the BS 105 may respond with a random access response. The random access response (RAR) may include a detected random access preamble identifier (ID) corresponding to the random access preamble, timing advance (TA) information, UL grant, temporary cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI), and / or a backoff indicator. Upon receiving the random access response, the UE 115 may send a connection request (e.g., RRC connection request) to the BS 105, and the BS 105 may respond with a connection response. The connection response may indicate contention resolution. In some examples, the random access preamble, RAR, connection request, and connection response may be referred to as Message 1 (MSG1), Message 2 (MSG2), Message 3 (MSG3), and Message 4 (MSG4), respectively. In some examples, the random access procedure may be a two-step random access procedure, where the UE 115 may send a random access preamble and a connection request in a single transmission, and the BS 105 may respond by sending a random access response and a connection response in a single transmission.

[0062] After establishing the connection, the UE 115 and the BS 105 may enter a normal operation phase, where operation data may be exchanged. For example, the BS 105 may schedule the UE 115 for UL and / or DL communication. The BS 105 may send UL and / or DL scheduling grants to the UE 115 via the PDCCH. The scheduling grant may be sent in the form of downlink control information (DCI). The BS 105 may send a DL communication signal (e.g., carrying data) to the UE 115 via the PDSCH according to the DL scheduling grant. The UE 115 may send a UL communication signal to the BS 105 via the PDSCH and / or PUCCH according to the UL scheduling grant.

[0063] In some aspects, BS105 can communicate with UE 115 using HARQ techniques to improve communication reliability, for example to provide URLLC services. The BS105 can schedule UE 115 for PDSCH communication by sending DL grants in the PDCCH. The BS105 can send DL data packets to the UE 115 according to the scheduling in the PDSCH. The DL data packets can be sent in the form of transport blocks (TBs). If the UE 115 successfully receives the DL data packet, the UE 115 can send a HARQ ACK to the BS105. Conversely, if the UE 115 fails to successfully receive the DL transmission, the UE 115 can send a HARQ NACK to the BS105. Upon receiving a HARQ NACK from the UE 115, the BS105 can retransmit the DL data packet to the UE 115. The retransmission can include a decoded version of the same DL data as the initial transmission. Alternatively, the retransmission can include a decoded version of different DL data from the initial transmission. The UE 115 can apply soft combining to combine the encoded data received from the initial transmission and the retransmission for decoding. The BS105 and the UE 115 can also apply HARQ to UL communication using a mechanism substantially similar to the DL HARQ.

[0064] In some aspects, the network 100 can operate on the system BW or a component carrier (CC) BW. The network 100 can divide the system BW into multiple BWPs (e.g., parts). The BS105 can dynamically allocate for the UE 115 to operate on a certain BWP (e.g., a certain part of the system BW). The allocated BWP can be referred to as the active BWP. The UE 115 can monitor the active BWP for signaling information from the BS105. The BS105 can schedule the UE 115 for UL or DL communication in the active BWP. In some aspects, the BS105 can allocate a pair of BWPs within the CC to the UE 115 for UL and DL communication. For example, the BWP pair can include one BWP for UL communication and one BWP for DL communication. The mechanism for BWP configuration will be described more comprehensively in Figure 3 and Figure 4 below.

[0065] In some aspects, network 100 may operate on a higher frequency band (e.g., mmWave band). BS105 and UE115 may apply analog and / or digital beamforming to form narrow directional beams for communication. To facilitate beamforming, BS105 and UE 115 may perform beam measurements and selections to determine one or more optimal beams for communication. The optimal beam may refer to a transmission beam that can provide high received power and / or high SNR for the receiver. For example, BS105 may transmit a set of reference signals, such as SSB, in multiple spatial directions to facilitate initial beam measurement and selection. After UE 115 successfully establishes a connection with network 100, BS105 may configure a set of reference signals for BFD for UE 115, and these reference signals may be SSB, TRS, and / or CSI-RS. For example, UE 115 may monitor BFD RS and determine the link quality based on the measurement results of BFD RS. For example, when the link quality measurement is below a certain threshold, UE 115 may detect a beam failure condition and may request a beam in a different spatial direction from BS. In some aspects, BS105 may configure UE 115 to operate in a dormant BWP, e.g., for power saving, and may configure a set of rules for UE to perform BFD RS monitoring for BFD. The mechanism for performing BWP in the dormant mode is described in more detail herein.

[0066] Figure 2 is a timing diagram showing a radio frame structure 200 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The radio frame structure 200 may be adopted by a BS (such as BS105) and a UE (such as UE 115) in a network (such as network 100) for communication. In particular, the BS may communicate with the UE using the time-frequency resources configured as shown in the radio frame structure 200. In Figure 2 it, the x-axis represents time in some arbitrary units, and the y-axis represents frequency in some arbitrary units. The transmission frame structure 200 includes a radio frame 201. The duration of the radio frame 201 may vary according to aspects. In one example, the radio frame 201 may have a duration of approximately 10 milliseconds. The radio frame 201 includes M time slots 202, where M may be any suitable positive integer. In one example, M may be approximately 10.

[0067] Each time slot 202 includes a plurality of subcarriers 204 in frequency and a plurality of symbols 206 in time. The number of subcarriers 204 and / or the number of symbols 206 in the time slot 202 can vary according to aspects such as based on the channel bandwidth, subcarrier spacing (SCS), and / or CP mode. One subcarrier 204 in frequency and one symbol 206 in time form a resource element (RE) 212 for transmission. A resource block (RB) 210 is formed by a plurality of consecutive subcarriers 204 in frequency and a plurality of consecutive symbols 206 in time.

[0068] In an example, the BS (e.g., Figure 1 BS105 in Figure 1 ) can schedule the UE (e.g.,

[0069] UE 115 in Figure 4 ) at the time granularity of the time slot 202 or the mini-slot 208 for UL and / or DL communication. Each time slot 202 can be time-divided into K mini-slots 208. Each mini-slot 208 can include one or more symbols 206. The mini-slots 208 in the time slot 202 can have variable lengths. For example, when the time slot 202 includes N symbols 206, the mini-slot 208 can have a length between one symbol 206 and (N - 1) symbols 206. In some aspects, the mini-slot 208 can have a length of approximately two symbols 206, approximately four symbols 206, or approximately seven symbols 206. In some examples, the BS can schedule the UE at the frequency granularity of the resource block (RB) 210 (e.g., including approximately 12 subcarriers 204). Figure 3 is discussed Figure 3 to illustrate the BWP configuration mechanism. Figure 3 shows a BWP configuration scheme 300 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The scheme 300 can be adopted by the BS (such as BS105) and the UE (such as UE 115) in a network (such as network 100). In particular, the BS (e.g., BS105) can configure multiple BWPs for the UE (e.g., UE 115) as shown in the scheme 300. In Figure 3The figure shows a frequency band 301 divided into two BWPs 310 (shown as 310a and 310b). However, the frequency band 301 can be divided into any suitable number of BWPs 310. Additionally, the BWPs 310 can be non - overlapping or partially overlapping as shown in the figure.

[0070] In Figure 3 the example shown, the BS configures two BWPs 310a and 310b for the UE. The BS can configure one or more CORESETs 320 for the UE within the BWP 310. Each CORESET 320 includes a set of physical time and frequency resources (e.g., a set of PRBs similar to RBs 210) in which PDCCH can be transmitted. For example, the BS configures two CORESETs 320 for the UE in BWP 310b. In some aspects, the BS can configure BWP 310b as the active BWP for communicating with the UE. In some aspects, the BS can configure the UE to operate in a dormant mode in BWP 310a (which can be referred to as the dormant BWP). In some aspects, the BS may not configure any CORESET in the dormant BWP 310a because it is not expected that the UE performs PDCCH monitoring in the dormant BWP 310a. In some aspects, the BS can configure the UE with a BWP configuration as Figure 4 shown.

[0071] Figure 4FIG. 400 shows a BWP configuration scheme according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The scheme 400 may be adopted by a BS (such as BS105) and a UE (such as UE 115) in a network (such as network 100). In particular, the BS (e.g., BS105) may configure a BWP configuration 410 for the UE (e.g., UE 115), as shown in the scheme 400. In some aspects, the BWP configuration 410 is an RRC configuration. The BS may indicate the BWP configuration 410 in the form of an RRC information element (IE) carried in an RRC message. The BWP configuration 410 may include various information related to the BWP (e.g., BWP 310), such as frequency position, bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, and / or cyclic prefix. The BWP configuration 410 may also include a PDCCH configuration 420 (e.g., an RRC message IE) for the corresponding BWP. The PDCCH configuration 420 may include various information for PDCCH monitoring, such as a CORESET and / or a PDCCH search space. In some aspects, the BS may configure up to about 3 CORESETs and about 10 PDCCH search space sets for the UE within the configured BWP. For example, when the UE may monitor the PDCCH in a certain CORESET, the search space set provides the UE with time-domain parameters related to PDCCH monitoring. The search space set may include parameters that the UE may use to perform blind decoding of the PDCCH, such as the aggregation level and / or the number of PDCCH candidates.

[0072] In Figure 4 In the example shown, the PDCCH configuration 420 includes a CORESET configuration 430. The CORESET configuration 430 indicates CORESET #0 and CORESET #1, which may be similar to CORESET 320. The CORESET configuration 430 may include various information for each CORESET, such as resource information (including start PRB index, number of PRBs, start symbol index, and / or number of symbols) and / or TCI state information. As shown, CORESET #0 may include TCI state 0 and TCI state 1, and CORESET #1 may include TCI state M-1. The TCI state information may provide the UE with QCL information between the PDCCH DMRS and other reference signals (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS).

[0073] In some aspects, the BS may configure 440 with the TCI state table 440. The UE may determine the QCL information associated with the CORESET according to the TCI state table 440. Each row in the TCI state table 440 provides reference signal resource information and QCL type information for a certain TCI state. The reference signal resource information may indicate the position of the time and / or frequency resources (e.g., symbols and / or subcarriers) where the BS may transmit the corresponding reference signal. The QCL type information may indicate QCL type A, QCL type B, QCL type C, and / or QCL type D. QCL type A may refer to Doppler spread, Doppler shift, delay spread, and / or average delay channel characteristics. QCL type B may refer to Doppler shift and Doppler spread channel characteristics. QCL type C may refer to average delay and Doppler shift channel characteristics. QCL type D may refer to spatial reception parameters. Therefore, when TCI state 0 defines a source reference signal for a certain physical signal or channel (e.g., PDCCH), the UE may configure its receiving beam in the same way as it is configured to receive the SSB with index #n. Similarly, when TCI state 1 defines a source reference signal for a certain physical signal or channel (e.g., PDCCH), the UE may configure its receiving beam in the same way as it is configured to receive the CSI-RS with index #k. When TCI state M-1 defines a source reference signal for a certain physical signal or channel (e.g., PDCCH), the UE may configure its receiving beam in the same way as it is configured to receive the SSB with index #p.

[0074] In this way, when the BS configures the UE to monitor the BFD RS that is spatially QCL with the PDCCH DMRS in the BWP (e.g., BWP 310), the UE may configure its receiving beam for BFD RS monitoring based on the TCI state indicated in the CORESET configuration 430. As an example, CORESET #1 and CORESET #2 may correspond to Figure 3 CORESET 320 in BWP 310a of. Therefore, based on the CORESET configuration 430 and the TCI state table 440, the UE may perform BFD RS monitoring by monitoring the SSB with index #n, the CSI-RS with index #k, and the SSB with index #p. The UE may determine whether a beam failure has occurred based on the measurements performed on the SSB with index #n, the CSI-RS with index #k, and / or the SSB with index #p.

[0075] As described above, the BS may not configure any CORESET in the dormant BWP (e.g., dormant 310b) because it is not expected that the UE monitors the PDCCH in the dormant BWP. For example, the BS may configure an RRC configuration similar to RRC configuration 410 for the dormant BWP, but may not include the PDCCH configuration IE in the BWP configuration. Therefore, the UE may not be able to determine which BFD RSs to monitor for BFD.

[0076] Accordingly, the present application provides techniques for a UE to perform BFD RS monitoring while operating in a dormant mode or a dormant BWP. For example, the BS may configure various rules for the UE when determining which BFD RSs to monitor for BFD.

[0077] Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary UE 500 in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 500 may be the UE 115 discussed above in Figure 1 As shown, the UE 500 may include a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510 including a modem subsystem 512 and a radio frequency (RF) unit 514, and one or more antennas 516. These elements may communicate directly or indirectly with each other, e.g., via one or more buses.

[0078] The processor 502 may include a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a controller, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device, another hardware device, a firmware device, or any combination thereof configured to perform the operations described herein. The processor 502 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0079] The memory 504 may include a cache memory (e.g., a cache memory of the processor 502), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory, a solid state storage device, a hard disk drive, other forms of volatile and non-volatile memory, or a combination of different types of memory. In one aspect, the memory 504 includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory 504 may store or have recorded thereon instructions 506. The instructions 506 may include instructions that, when executed by the processor 502, cause the processor 502 to perform the operations in connection with aspects of the present disclosure with reference to the UE 115 herein (e.g., Figures 1-4 andFigures 7-13 The operations described in various aspects). Instruction 506 may also be referred to as program code. This program code can be used to cause the wireless communication device to perform these operations, for example, by causing one or more processors (such as processor 502) to control or command the wireless communication device to perform these operations. The terms "instruction" and "code" should be interpreted broadly to include any type of computer-readable statement. For example, the terms "instruction" and "code" can refer to one or more programs, routines, subroutines, functions, procedures, etc. "Instruction" and "code" can include a single computer-readable statement or many computer-readable statements.

[0080] The BFD module 508 can be implemented via hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the BFD module 508 can be implemented as a processor, circuitry, and / or instructions 506 stored in the memory 504 and executed by the processor 502. In some cases, the BFD module 508 can be integrated in the modem subsystem 512. For example, the BFD module 508 can be implemented by a combination of software components (e.g., executed by a DSP or a general-purpose processor) and hardware components (e.g., logic gates and circuitry) within the modem subsystem 512.

[0081] The BFD module 508 can be used in various aspects of the present disclosure, such as Figures 1-4 and aspects of FIGS. 7-13. For example, the BFD module 508 is configured to determine to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network can be similar to network 100. In some aspects, the cell of the network includes a secondary cell. In some aspects, the cell of the network includes a primary cell. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 can determine to operate in a sleep mode based on a configuration or a trigger received from a BS (such as BS105, 600, and / or 702). The BFD module 508 is also configured to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The BFD module 508 is also configured to operate in a sleep mode by performing BFD according to the BFD configuration.

[0082] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by suppressing the execution of BFD in a sleep BWP (such as BWP 310a). In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a sleep BWP. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is also configured to receive a CORESET configuration for a sleep BWP and further monitor one or more BFD RSs based on the CORESET configuration for the sleep BWP. In some aspects, the CORESET can include zero PDCCH candidates per aggregation level and per search space.

[0083] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a BWP when the BFD configuration explicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs, and to inhibit performing BFD when the BFD configuration fails to explicitly indicate one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to monitor one or more BFD RSs associated with the CORESET QCL. When there are more than one QCL types for a CORESET, the BFD module 508 is configured to monitor the BFD RSs having quasi-co-location of type D with the CORESET.

[0084] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a BWP when the BFD configuration implicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs, and to inhibit performing BFD when the BFD configuration fails to implicitly indicate one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to monitor one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of a CORESET. When there are more than one TCI states for a CORESET, the BFD module 508 is configured to monitor the BFD RSs in the TCI state having quasi-co-location of type D with the CORESET.

[0085] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by at least one of the following operations: monitoring one or more explicit BFD RSs in a BWP when the BFD configuration explicitly indicates one or more explicit BFD RSs; or monitoring one or more implicit BFD RSs in a BWP when the BFD configuration fails to explicitly indicate one or more explicit BFD RSs.

[0086] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes the BWP used by the UE 500 before operating in the dormant mode.

[0087] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes a first BWP used by the UE 500 before operating in the dormant mode and a dormant BWP used by the UE 500 when operating in the dormant mode.

[0088] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by monitoring one or more BFD RSs entirely within a dormant BWP. In some other aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by partially monitoring one or more BFD RSs within a dormant BWP, wherein a first portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is within the dormant BWP and a second portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is outside the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by measuring at least one parameter of the first portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by measuring at least one parameter of each of the one or more BFD RSs based on the first and second portions. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is configured to perform BFD by suppressing the monitoring of one or more BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP. In some other aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 may include monitoring one or more BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP.

[0089] In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is further configured to receive a BFD configuration. In some aspects, the BFD module 508 is further configured to receive a BFD configuration via at least one of DCI, MAC-CE, or WUS. In some aspects, the BFD configuration indicates that a first BWP is associated with a dormant mode and a second BWP is associated with a non-dormant mode. In some aspects, the BFD configuration has a first duration. In some aspects, the first duration is permanent. In some aspects, the first duration is based on at least one of a timer or a predetermined value. In some aspects, the first duration is based on the number of transitions between the dormant mode and the non-dormant mode. Mechanisms for performing BFD monitoring and measurement when operating under a dormant BWP are described in more detail herein.

[0090] As shown in the figure, the transceiver 510 may include the modem subsystem 512 and the RF unit 514. The transceiver 510 may be configured to communicate bidirectionally with other devices such as the BS 105. The modem subsystem 512 may be configured to modulate and / or encode data from the memory 504 and / or the BFD module 508 according to modulation and coding schemes (MCS) (such as low density parity check (LDPC) coding scheme, turbo coding scheme, convolutional coding scheme, polar coding scheme, digital beamforming scheme, etc.). The RF unit 514 may be configured to process (e.g., perform analog-to-digital conversion or digital-to-analog conversion, etc.) the modulated / coded data (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, beam measurement, beam failure indication) from the modem subsystem 512 (on an outbound transmission) or a transmission from another source such as the UE 115 or the BS 105. The RF unit 514 may also be configured to perform analog beamforming in combination with the digital beamforming. Although shown as integrated together in the transceiver 510, the modem subsystem 512 and the RF unit 514 may be separate devices coupled together at the UE 115 to enable the UE 115 to communicate with other devices.

[0091] The RF unit 514 may provide the modulated and / or processed data (e.g., data packets (or more generally, data messages that may contain one or more data packets and other information)) to the antenna 516 for transmission to one or more other devices. The antenna 516 may also receive data messages sent from other devices. The antenna 516 may provide the received data messages for processing and / or demodulation at the transceiver 510. The transceiver 510 may provide the demodulated and decoded data (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, BFD configuration, BWP configuration, BWP activation, BWP state transition trigger, WUS, BFDRS, SSB, CSI-RS, TRS) to the BFD module 508 for processing. The antenna 516 may include multiple antennas with similar or different designs to maintain multiple transmission links. The RF unit 514 may configure the antenna 516.

[0092] In one aspect, the UE 500 may include multiple transceivers 510 that implement different RATs (e.g., NR and LTE). In one aspect, the UE 500 may include a single transceiver 510 that implements multiple RATs (e.g., NR and LTE). In one aspect, the transceiver 510 may include various components, and different combinations of the components may implement different RATs.

[0093] Figure 6 is a block diagram of an exemplary BS 600 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The BS 600 may be the one described above in Figure 1BS 105 in network 100 discussed in. As shown, BS 600 may include a processor 602, a memory 604, a beam configuration / transmission module 608, a transceiver 610 including a modem subsystem 612 and an RF unit 614, and one or more antennas 616. These elements may communicate directly or indirectly with each other, e.g., via one or more buses.

[0094] The processor 602 may have various features as a particular type of processor. For example, these may include a CPU, a DSP, an ASIC, a controller, an FPGA device, another hardware device, a firmware device, or any combination thereof configured to perform the operations described herein. The processor 602 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0095] The memory 604 may include a cache (e.g., a cache of the processor 602), RAM, MRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, solid-state storage devices, one or more hard disk drives, a memristor-based array, other forms of volatile and non-volatile memory, or a combination of different types of memory. In some aspects, the memory 604 may include non-transitory computer-readable media. The memory 604 may store instructions 606. The instructions 606 may include instructions that, when executed by the processor 602, cause the processor 602 to perform the operations described herein, e.g., Figures 1-4 , Figures 7-1 2 and Figure 14 aspects. The instructions 606 may also be referred to as code, which may be broadly interpreted to include any type of computer-readable statement, as discussed above with respect to Figure 5 .

[0096] The beam configuration / transmission module 608 may be implemented via hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 may be implemented as a processor, circuitry, and / or instructions 606 stored in the memory 604 and executed by the processor 602. In certain cases, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 may be integrated within the modem subsystem 612. For example, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 may be implemented by a combination of software components (e.g., executed by a DSP or a general-purpose processor) and hardware components (e.g., logic gates and circuitry) within the modem subsystem 612.

[0097] The beam configuration / transmission module 608 may be used for aspects of the present disclosure, e.g., Figures 1-4 , Figures 7-1 2 and Figure 14Aspects. For example, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to determine that a UE (e.g., UE 115 and / or 500) is operating in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network can be similar to network 100. In some aspects, the cell of the network includes a secondary cell. In some aspects, the cell of the network includes a primary cell. In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to determine that the UE is operating in a dormant mode based on a configuration or trigger sent by the beam configuration / transmission module 608. The beam configuration / transmission module 608 is further configured to send one or more BFD RSs according to the BFD configuration in response to determining that the UE is operating in a dormant mode.

[0098] In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send the BFD RS by sending one or more BFD RSs in a dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310a). In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send a CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP and send one or more BFD RSs based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP.

[0099] In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send a BFD configuration to the UE. In some aspects, the BFD configuration explicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, the BFD configuration implicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, the configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send the BFD configuration via at least one of DCI, MAC-CE, or WUS.

[0100] In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send one or more BFD RSs by sending one or more BFD RSs that are QCL with the CORESET. In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send one or more BFD RSs by sending one or more BFD RSs based on the TCI state of the CORESET.

[0101] In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send one or more BFD RSs by sending one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes the BWP used by the UE before operating in the dormant mode.

[0102] In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to send one or more BFD RSs by sending one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes the BWP used by the UE before operating in the dormant mode and the dormant BWP used by the UE when operating in the dormant mode.

[0103] In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to transmit one or more BFD RSs by transmitting one or more BFD RSs entirely within the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to transmit one or more BFD RSs by transmitting one or more BFD RSs partially within the dormant BWP, wherein a first portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is within the dormant BWP and a second portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is outside the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the beam configuration / transmission module 608 is configured to transmit one or more BFD RSs by transmitting one or more BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP.

[0104] In some aspects, the BFD configuration indicates that a first BWP is associated with a dormant mode and a second BWP is associated with a non-dormant mode. In some aspects, the BFD configuration has a first duration. In some aspects, the first duration is permanent. In some aspects, the first duration is based on at least one of a timer or a predetermined value. In some aspects, the first duration is based on the number of transitions between the dormant mode and the non-dormant mode. Mechanisms for facilitating BFD RS monitoring and measurement at a UE when the UE is operating in a dormant BWP are described in more detail herein.

[0105] As shown, the transceiver 610 may include the modem subsystem 612 and the RF unit 614. The transceiver 610 may be configured to communicate bidirectionally with other devices such as the UE 115 and / or 500 and / or another core network element. The modem subsystem 612 may be configured to modulate and / or encode data according to an MCS (e.g., LDPC decoding scheme, turbo decoding scheme, convolutional decoding scheme, polar decoding scheme, digital beamforming scheme, etc.). The RF unit 614 may be configured to process (e.g., perform analog-to-digital conversion or digital-to-analog conversion, etc.) the modulated / encoded data (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, BFD configuration, BWP configuration, BWP activation, BWP state transition trigger, WUS, BFD RS, SSB, CSI-RS, TRS) from the modem subsystem 612 (on an outbound transmission) or a transmission originating from another source such as the UE 115 or the UE 500. The RF unit 614 may also be configured to perform analog beamforming in conjunction with the digital beamforming. Although shown integrated together in the transceiver 610, the modem subsystem 612 and / or the RF unit 614 may be separate devices coupled together at the BS105 to enable the BS105 to communicate with other devices.

[0106] The RF unit 614 may provide the modulated and / or processed data (e.g., data packets (or more generally, data messages that may include one or more data packets and other information)) to the antenna 616 for transmission to one or more other devices. This may include, for example, transmitting information to complete attachment to the network and communicate with the resident UE 115 or 500 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The antenna 616 may also receive data messages sent from other devices and provide the received data messages for processing and / or demodulation at the transceiver 610. The transceiver 610 may provide the demodulated and decoded data (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, beam measurements, beam failure indications) to the beam configuration / transmission module 608 for processing. The antenna 616 may include multiple antennas of similar or different designs to maintain multiple transmission links.

[0107] In one aspect, the BS 600 may include multiple transceivers 610 that implement different RATs (e.g., NR and LTE). In one aspect, the BS 600 may include a single transceiver 610 that implements multiple RATs (e.g., NR and LTE). In one aspect, the transceiver 610 may include various components, and different combinations of the components may implement different RATs.

[0108] Figure 7 is a signaling diagram of a BFD method 700 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The method 700 may be implemented between a BS (e.g., BS105 and / or 600) and a UE (e.g., UE 115 and / or 500). The BS may implement aspects of the method 700 using one or more components such as the processor 602, the memory 604, the beam configuration / transmission module 608, the transceiver 610, the modem 612, and one or more antennas 616. The UE may implement aspects of the method 700 using one or more components such as the processor 502, the memory 504, the BFD module 508, the transceiver 510, the modem 512, and one or more antennas 516. The method 700 may employ mechanisms similar to those of the schemes 300 and 400 described above with respect to Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively. As shown, the method 700 includes multiple enumerated steps, but embodiments of the method 700 may include additional steps before, after, and between the enumerated steps. In some aspects, one or more of the enumerated steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0109] At action 705, the BS 702 (e.g., BS105 and / or 600) and the UE 704 (e.g., UE 115 and / or 500) establish a connection for communication. A connection may be established using, for example, the method described above with respect to Figure 1Techniques such as the discussed random access and RRC connection setup procedures are used to establish a connection. In some cases, the connection may include two or more component carriers (CCs) operating in carrier aggregation mode. For example, the connection may include a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary cell (SCell). In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to establish a connection with the BS. The BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to establish a connection with the UE.

[0110] At action 710, BS 702 configures a BWP (e.g., BWP 310) for the connection. In some cases, BS 702 may configure up to approximately 4 BWPs for the connection. When there are multiple CCs associated with the connection, BS 702 may configure one or more BWPs for each CC. In some aspects, BS702 may configure the BWP for UE 704 based on the capabilities of UE 704. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to configure the BWP.

[0111] At action 715, BS 702 sends the BWP configuration to UE 704. The BWP configuration may be similar to BWP configuration 410. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to send the BWP configuration.

[0112] At action 716, upon receiving the BWP configuration, UE 704 stores the information associated with the BWP configuration in the UE's memory (e.g., memory 504).

[0113] At action 720, BS 702 configures the BFD configuration. The BFD configuration may include various rules for determining which reference signals the UE 704 can use for BFD RS monitoring and / or how to measure BFD RS when the UE is operating in a dormant BWP. In some aspects, BS 702 may configure UE 704 not to perform BFD in the dormant BWP. In some aspects, BS 702 may configure UE 704 to monitor BFD RS based on an explicit BFD RS configuration and / or an implicit BFD RS configuration for a specific BWP. In some aspects, the specific BWP may be a non-dormant BWP before the UE 704 switches to the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the specific BWP may be a non-dormant BWP paired with the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the specific BWP may correspond to a dormant BWP having a CORESET with zero PDCCH candidates configured. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to configure the BFD configuration. This will be described more fully in Figures 8-11 the mechanism for determining BFD RS for BFD is described more fully.

[0114] At action 725, BS 702 sends the BFD configuration to UE 704. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to send the BFD configuration.

[0115] At action 726, upon receiving the BFD configuration, UE 704 stores information related to the BFD configuration (e.g., rules for BFD RS monitoring) in the memory.

[0116] At action 730, BS 702 determines to activate one of the configured BWPs. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to determine the BWP to be activated.

[0117] At action 735, BS 702 sends a BWP activation to UE 704 to activate the determined BWP. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to send the BWP activation.

[0118] At action 740, after BWP activation, BS 702 communicates with UE 704 in the active BWP. This communication can include PDCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH, and / or PUCCH signals. In some aspects, the BS can utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to communicate with the UE in the active BWP. The UE can utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to communicate with the BS in the active BWP.

[0119] At action 750, BS 702 switches UE 704 to operate in the dormant mode. In some aspects, the BS can utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to switch UE 704 to operate in the dormant mode. In some aspects, as will be discussed more fully below, BS 702 can configure UE 704 to operate in the dormant BWP via RRC configuration, downlink control information (DCI) signaling (e.g., in PDCCH), medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling, and / or wake-up signal (WUS).

[0120] At action 755, when UE 704 operates in the dormant BWP, BS 702 sends BFD RS according to the rules in the BFD configuration to facilitate BFD at UE 704. In some aspects, the BS can utilize one or more components (such as processor 602, memory 604, beam configuration / transmission module 608, transceiver 610, modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to send BFD RS to the UE based on the BFD configuration.

[0121] At action 760, UE 704 performs BFD RS monitoring based on the rules in the BFD configuration. In some aspects, the UE can utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to retrieve the BFD rules from the memory and monitor the BFD RS for BFD based on the rules indicated by the BFD configuration.

[0122] Figures 8-11illustrates various mechanisms by which a BS (e.g., BS105, 600, and / or 702) configures a UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) to perform BFD RS monitoring when the UE operates in a dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310a).

[0123] Figure 8 is a flowchart of a BFD method 800 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 800 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, a wireless communication device such as the UE 115, 500, and / or 702 may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform the steps of the method 800. The method 800 may employ mechanisms similar to those in the scenarios 300 and 400 discussed above with reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively. As shown, the method 800 includes a plurality of enumerated steps, but aspects of the method 800 may include additional steps before, after, and between the enumerated steps. In some aspects, one or more of the enumerated steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0124] In the method 800, a BS (e.g., BS105, 600, and / or 702) may configure a UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) to perform BFD in a dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310a). If the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE to perform BFD. Otherwise, the UE may not perform BFD in the dormant BWP. The explicit BFD RS configuration may indicate the resources (in frequency and time) where the BS may send a reference signal that the UE may monitor for BFD.

[0125] At block 810, the UE operates in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The network may be similar to network 100. In some aspects, the cell may be a PCell. In some aspects, the cell may be an SCell. The UE may determine to operate in the dormant mode in the dormant BWP based on a configuration from the BS. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to operate in the dormant mode, e.g., for power saving. The UE may configure at least one of the RF components in the transceiver 510 to operate in a low power state or a powered-off state.

[0126] At block 820, the UE determines whether the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP. For example, the explicit BFD RS configuration may include a list of one or more resources (in frequency and time) where the BS may transmit reference signals (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS), and the reference signals may be used for BFD. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to determine whether the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP. If the UE determines that it is not configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP, the UE may proceed to block 825.

[0127] At block 825, the UE inhibits performing BFD RS monitoring. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to disable the BFD RS monitoring operation at the UE.

[0128] Returning to block 820, if the UE determines that the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP, the UE may proceed to block 830. At block 830, the UE monitors the BFD RS according to the explicit BFD RS configuration. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform BFD RS monitoring according to the BFD RS in the explicit BFD RS configuration. The UE may configure the transceiver 510 and / or one or more antennas 516 to monitor the BFD RS in a certain spatial direction according to the spatial parameters (e.g., QCL parameters) associated with the BFD RS.

[0129] When the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS, the UE may monitor and measure the BFD RS that is QCL with the CORESET (e.g., CORESET 320) in a specific BWP, as shown at block 840. In some aspects, the specific BWP may correspond to a non-dormant BWP before the UE operates in the dormant BWP, as shown at block 842. As an example, the non-dormant BWP may be configured similarly to Figure 4The CORESET of CORESET #0 shown in the CORESET configuration 430. The UE can look up the TCI state from the CORESET configuration 430 (e.g., the TCI state 0 for CORESET #0), and look up the reference signal indicated by the TCI state in the TCI state table 440 (e.g., the SSB index #n). The UE can monitor the explicitly configured BFDRS that is QCL with the SSB index #n indicated by the TCI state 0. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can perform a similar lookup for the TCI state 1 of CORESET #0 and monitor the explicitly configured BFD RS that is QCL with the CSI-RS index #k indicated by the TCI state 1. In some aspects, when there are more than one QCL types for a CORESET, the UE can select the BFD RS configured with the CORESET QCL in type D. Thus, referring to the same example, the UE can monitor the BFD RS configured with the SSB index #n that is QCL with the SSB index #n indicated by the TCI state 0 based on the QCL type D indication for the SSB index #n. Thus, before the UE switches to the dormant BWP, the BS can send one or more BFD RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS) according to the QCL relationship indicated by the CORESET in the non-dormant BWP.

[0130] In some other aspects, a specific BWP can correspond to a non-dormant BWP paired with a dormant BWP, as shown in block 844. Referring to Figure 3 the example shown, the BS can configure the non-dormant BWP 310b paired with the dormant BWP 310a. Thus, for BFD, the UE can monitor the reference signal that is QCL with the CORESET 320 in the BWP 310b. The UE can use a substantially similar mechanism as described for block 842 to determine the BFD RS for monitoring. The BS can send one or more BFD RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS) according to the QCL relationship indicated by the CORESET in the paired non-dormant BWP.

[0131] In some other aspects, a specific BWP can correspond to a dormant BWP, as shown in block 846. For example, the BS can configure the CORESET for the dormant BWP so that the UE can utilize the QCL relationship configured for the CORESET to determine the BFD RS for monitoring. However, the BS can configure zero PDCCH candidates for the CORESET at each aggregation level and each search space, so that the UE does not perform PDCCH monitoring in the dormant BWP. The BS can send one or more BFD RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS) according to the QCL relationship indicated by the CORESET in the dormant BWP.

[0132] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a BFD method 900 in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 900 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, a wireless communication device such as the UE 115, 500, and / or 702 may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform the steps of the method 900. The method 900 may employ mechanisms similar to those in the scenarios 300 and 400 discussed above with reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively. As shown, the method 900 includes a number of enumerated steps, but aspects of the method 800 may include additional steps before, after, and between the enumerated steps. In some aspects, one or more of the enumerated steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0133] In the method 900, a BS (e.g., BS105, 600, and / or 702) may configure a UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) to perform BFD in a dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310a). If the UE is configured with an implicit BFDRS for the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE to perform BFD. Otherwise, the UE may not perform BFD in the dormant BWP. The implicit BFD RS may refer to a reference signal indicated by the TCI state of a CORESET in a specific BWP.

[0134] Generally speaking, the method 900 includes features that are similar to those of the method 800 in many aspects. For example, blocks 910, 925, 942, 944, and 946 are respectively similar to blocks 810, 825, 842, 844, and 846. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, the details of these blocks are not repeated here. Please refer to the corresponding descriptions above.

[0135] At block 920, the UE determines whether the UE is configured with one or more implicit BFD RSs for a dormant BWP. For example, the BS may configure the UE to monitor a reference signal indicated by the TCI state of a CORESET in a specific BWP. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to determine whether the UE is configured with one or more implicit BFD RSs for a dormant BWP. If the UE determines that the UE is configured with one or more implicit BFD RSs for a dormant BWP, the UE may proceed to block 930. Otherwise, the UE may proceed to block 925 and suppress BFD RS monitoring.

[0136] At block 930, the UE monitors the BFD RS according to the implicit BFD RS configuration. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform BFD RS monitoring according to the BFD RS in the implicit BFD RS configuration. The UE may configure transceiver 510 and / or one or more antennas 516 to monitor the BFD RS in a certain spatial direction according to spatial parameters (e.g., QCL parameters) associated with the BFD RS.

[0137] When the UE is configured with an implicit BFD RS, the UE may monitor and measure a reference signal (e.g., BFD RS) indicated by the TCI state of a CORESET in a specific BWP, as shown in block 940. Similar to block 840, the specific BWP may correspond to a non-dormant BWP before the UE operates in the dormant BWP, as shown in block 942. As an example, the non-dormant BWP may be configured similarly to Figure 4The CORESET of CORESET #0 shown in the CORESET configuration 430. The UE can look up the TCI state (e.g., the TCI state 0 for CORESET #0) in the CORESET configuration 430 and look up the reference signal (e.g., SSB index #n) indicated by the TCI state in the TCI state table 440. The UE can monitor the SSB identified by index #n indicated by the TCI state 0 for BFD. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can perform a similar lookup for the TCI state 1 of CORESET #0 and monitor the CSI-RS identified by index #k indicated by the TCI state 1 for BFD. In some aspects, when there are more than one reference signals in the TCI state for a CORESET, the UE can select the reference signal with QCL type D in the TCI state for BFD monitoring. For example, if the TCI state 0 of CORESET #0 can indicate a QCL type A reference signal and a QCL type D reference signal, the UE can monitor the QCL type D reference signal. Thus, before the UE switches to the dormant BWP, the BS can send one or more BFD RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS) according to the reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the CORESET in the non-dormant BWP.

[0138] In some other aspects, a specific BWP can correspond to a non-dormant BWP paired with a dormant BWP, as shown in block 944 similar to block 844. Refer to Figure 3 the example shown, the BS can configure a non-dormant BWP 310b paired with the dormant BWP 310a. Thus, for BFD, the UE can monitor the reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the CORESET 320 in the BWP 310b. The UE can use a substantially similar mechanism as described for block 942 to determine the BFD RS for monitoring. The BS can send one or more BFD RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS) according to the reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the CORESET in the paired non-dormant BWP.

[0139] In some other aspects, a particular BWP may correspond to a dormant BWP, as shown by block 946 similar to block 846. For example, the BS may configure a CORESET for the dormant BWP such that the UE can monitor the reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the COREST in the dormant BWP. Similarly, the BS may configure zero PDCCH candidates for the CORESET at each aggregation level and each search space, so that the UE may not perform PDCCH monitoring in the dormant BWP. In other words, even if a CORESET is configured for the dormant BWP, the UE can determine that no search space or PDCCH candidates are monitored in the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the BS may configure a CORESET (associated with a certain TCI state) for the UE in the dormant BWP to facilitate BFD RS monitoring at the UE, but may suppress the configuration or allocation of any PDCCH search space associated with the CORESET in the dormant BWP (e.g., no common search space). The common search space is a search shared across all UEs. Thus, the UE may receive a CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP, but may not receive any PDCCH search space configuration for the dormant BWP (e.g., no common search space configuration), and thus may not perform PDCCH monitoring in the dormant BWP. In this regard, the BS may configure a PDCCH configuration including a CORESET configuration (for one or more CORESETs in the BWP), but may not include any other PDCCH monitoring or search space parameters. In some aspects, when there are more than one reference signals in the TCI state for the CORESET, the UE may select the reference signal with QCL type D in the TCI state for BFD monitoring. For example, if the TCI state 0 of CORESET#0 can indicate a QCL type A reference signal and a QCL type D reference signal, the UE may monitor the QCL type D reference signal. In other words, the BS may transmit a QCL type A reference signal and a QCL type D reference signal in the dormant BWP, and may receive a beam recovery request from the UE based on the QCL type D reference signal (monitored by the UE). Thus, the BS may transmit one or more BFD RSs (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS) according to the reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the CORESET in the dormant BWP.

[0140] Figure 10FIG. 0 is a flowchart of a BFD method 1000 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 1000 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, wireless communication devices such as the UE 115, 500, and / or 702 may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform the steps of the method 1000. The method 1000 may employ mechanisms similar to those in the scenarios 300 and 400 discussed above with reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 respectively, and / or mechanisms similar to those in the methods 800 and 900 discussed above with reference to Figure 8 and 9 respectively. As shown, the method 1000 includes a plurality of recited steps, but aspects of the method 1000 may include additional steps before, after, and between the recited steps. In some aspects, one or more of the recited steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0141] In the method 1000, a BS (e.g., BS105, 600, and / or 702) may configure a UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) to perform BFD in a dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310a). If the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP, the BS may configure the UE to perform BFD. Otherwise, the UE may perform BFD based on an implicit BFD configuration.

[0142] At block 1010, the UE operates in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network, for example, by performing operations similar to those at block 810.

[0143] At block 1020, the UE determines whether the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP. The explicit BFD RS may be configured in a similar manner as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 respectively. In some aspects, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to determine whether the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP. If the UE determines that the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS for the dormant BWP, the UE may proceed to block 1030.

[0144] At block 1030, the UE may perform BFD RS monitoring based on the explicit BFD RS, for example, as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 at blocks 830 and 840.

[0145] Returning to block 1020, if the UE determines that the UE is not configured with an explicit BFD RS, the UE proceeds to block 1025. At block 1025, the UE may perform BFD RS monitoring based on an implicit BFD RS configuration, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 9 blocks 930 and 940.

[0146] Figure 11 FIG. 1100 shows a BFD RS measurement scheme according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The scheme 1100 may be employed by a BS (such as BS105) and a UE (such as UE 115) in a network (such as network 100). In particular, the BS (e.g., BS105) may configure the UE (e.g., UE 115) to perform BFD RS measurements as shown in the scheme 1100. In Figure 11 FIG. 1100, the y-axis represents frequency in some arbitrary units. The scheme 1100 is described using the same frequency band configuration as in scheme 300, and the same reference numerals may be used for simplicity.

[0147] The BS may transmit various reference signals in the frequency band 301. For example, the BS may transmit an SSB in the frequency band 301 to facilitate system synchronization and network access. Additionally, the BS may transmit CSI-RS in the frequency band 301 to enable the UE to perform channel measurements and determine precoding feedback to assist the BS in determining the precoding for DL beamforming. Further, the BS may transmit TRS in the frequency band 301 to facilitate time and / or frequency tracking at the UE. Each of the SSB, CSI-RS, and TRS may span a specific frequency portion within the frequency band 301.

[0148] As Figure 11 shown, the BS may transmit a reference signal 1110, a reference signal 1120, and a reference signal 1130, each spanning a specific frequency band. The reference signals 1110, 1120, 1130 may include an SSB, CSI-RS, and / or TRS. Depending on the BWP configuration, the reference signals 1110, 1120, and / or 1130 may be entirely within a certain BWP, partially within a certain BWP, or outside a certain BWP. Referring above to Figure 3For the same example discussed in , the BS can configure BWP 310a as a dormant BWP for the UE. Thus, reference signal 1110 is entirely within dormant BWP 310a. Reference signal 1130 is partially within dormant BWP 310a. Reference signal 1110 is outside dormant BWP 310a. Although reference signals 1110, 1120, and 1130 are shown as occupying contiguous frequencies in band 301, reference signals 1110, 1120, and / or 1130 can occupy non - contiguous frequencies in band 301. Generally, a reference signal can be transmitted in one or more contiguous or distributed PRBs (e.g., RB 210).

[0149] The BS can configure the UE to use reference signals 1110, 1120, and / or 1130 in various ways to perform BFD RS measurements. The BS can configure the UE with a BFD RS corresponding to reference signal 1110, 1120, or 1130. This configuration can be an explicit configuration or an implicit configuration as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 and Figure 9 respectively. In some aspects, if a BFD RS (e.g., reference signal 1110) is entirely within dormant BWP 310a, the BS can configure the UE to measure the BFD RS. Thus, the UE can utilize one or more components such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516 to receive the BFD RS and determine measurements for the BFD RS (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and / or channel quality indicator (CQI)).

[0150] In some other aspects, the BS may configure the UE to measure a portion of the BFD RS (e.g., reference signal 1120) within the dormant BWP 310a. In some cases, the BS may configure the UE to perform measurements on a portion (e.g., portion 1122) of the BFD RS within the dormant BWP 310a and exclude measurements on a portion (e.g., portion 1124) of the BFD RS outside the dormant BWP 310a. Thus, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to receive the portion of the BFD RS within the dormant BWP 310a and determine measurements for the portion of the BFD RS within the dormant BWP 310a. In some other instances, the BS may configure the UE to perform measurements on the entire BFD RS including portions outside the dormant BWP 310a. Thus, the UE may utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to receive the entire BFD RS (including portion 1122 within the dormant BWP 310a and portion 1124 outside the dormant BWP 310b) and determine measurements for the entire BFD RS. In some instances, the UE may configure RF components (e.g., filters, gain stages, and / or ADCs) to operate at a wider bandwidth extending outside the dormant BWP 310a.

[0151] In some other aspects, the BS may configure the UE with BFD RSs (e.g., reference signal 1130) outside the dormant BWP 310a. In certain instances, the BS may configure the UE to exclude measurements of BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP 310a. In some other instances, the BS may configure the UE to extend its frequency band outside the dormant BWP 310a such that the UE can determine measurements for the BFD RSs. Accordingly, the UE may configure RF components (e.g., filters, gain stages, and / or ADCs) to operate at a wider bandwidth including the BWP in which the BFD RS is located, and utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to receive the BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP 310b and determine measurements for the BFD RSs. In some instances, the BS may configure the UE to switch to the BWP (e.g., BWP 310b) in which the BFD RS is located for BFD RS measurements. Accordingly, the UE may configure RF components (e.g., filters, gain stages, and / or ADCs) to switch to the BWP 310b in which the BFD RS is located, and utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to receive the BFD RSs in the dormant BWP 310b and determine measurements for the BFD RSs.

[0152] As described above, the BS (e.g., BS 105, 600, and / or 702) may configure the UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) to operate in a dormant mode via RRC signaling, DCI signaling, MAC-CE signaling, and / or WUS. Using DCI signaling, MAC-CE signaling, and / or WUS to indicate the dormant mode may allow the BS to dynamically configure the UE to transition between the dormant mode and the non-dormant mode or to switch BWPs between a dormant BWP and a non-dormant BWP.

[0153] Figures 12A-12C Illustrated are various mechanisms for the BS (e.g., BS 105, 600, and / or 702) to configure the UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) to transition between a dormant state and a non-dormant state for a configured BWP. Figure 12A Illustrated is a dormant BWP configuration scheme 1202 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 12B Illustrated is a dormant BWP configuration scheme 1204 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 12C Illustrated is a dormant BWP configuration scheme 1206 according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0154] In each of scenarios 1202, 1204, and 1206, the BS can configure a BWP for the UE and can configure a non-dormant state 1210 for the BWP, for example, via RRC. The UE can perform PDCCH monitoring, transmit UL and / or DL communications with the BS, and / or perform BFD in the configured BWP when in the non-dormant state 1210. The BS can send a trigger 1212 to the UE to transition the BWP to a dormant state 1220. The UE can refrain from monitoring the PDCCH in the dormant BWP but can perform BFD as described herein. In some aspects, the trigger 1212 can be a DCI message. In some other aspects, the trigger 1212 can be a MAC-CE message. In still other aspects, the trigger 1212 can be a WUS. For example, for power saving, the BS can configure the UE to operate in a power saving mode that cycles through a wake / sleep cycle. The BS can configure the UE 704 to monitor for WUS when operating in the power saving mode. The BS can send a WUS to wake the UE from the power saving mode. The BS can include the trigger 1212 in the WUS.

[0155] In scenario 1202, the transition to the dormant state 1220 can be permanent. In other words, the trigger 1212 can permanently override the RRC-configured BWP. When operating in the configured BWP, the UE can remain in the dormant state.

[0156] In scenario 1204, the UE can operate in the dormant state 1220 in the RRC-configured BWP for a specific duration. In some aspects, the duration can be predetermined, e.g., based on a certain radio communication protocol standard. In some aspects, the duration can be configurable. For example, the BS can indicate the duration in the trigger 1212 or in a separate configuration message. The UE can configure an expiration time for a timer based on the duration configured for the dormant state 1220. When the time expiration trigger 1222 occurs, the UE can transition back to the non-dormant state.

[0157] In scenario 1206, the UE can remain in the dormant state 1220 until it receives the next trigger from the BS. For example, the BS can send a trigger 1224 to switch the UE from the dormant state 1220 back to the non-dormant state 1210. The trigger 1224 can be substantially similar to the trigger 1212. For example, the trigger 1224 can be another DCI, MAC-CE, or WUS.

[0158] In some aspects, when trigger 1212 indicates that a non-dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310b) is paired with a dormant BWP (e.g., an RRC-configured BWP transitions to the dormant state 1220) and the UE is configured with an explicit BFD RS configuration, the UE may monitor and measure the BFD RS of the CORESET QCL in the paired non-dormant BWP. In some aspects, when trigger 1212 indicates that a non-dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310b) is paired with a dormant BWP (e.g., an RRC-configured BWP transitions to the dormant state 1220) and the UE is configured with an implicit BFD RS configuration, the UE may monitor and measure the BFD RS indicated in the TCI state of the CORESET in the paired non-dormant BWP.

[0159] Figure 13 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method 1300 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 1300 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, a wireless communication device such as the UE 115, 500, and / or 704 may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform the steps of the method 1300. The method 1300 may employ mechanisms similar to those discussed above with respect to Figure 3 , 4 , 11, 12A, 12B, and / or 12C in schemes 300, 400, 1100, 1202, 1204, and / or 1206, and / or mechanisms similar to those discussed above with respect to Figure 7 , 8 , 9, 12A, 12B, and / or 12C in methods 700, 800, 900, and / or 1000. As shown, the method 1300 includes a plurality of recited steps, but aspects of the method 1300 may include additional steps before, after, and between the recited steps. In some aspects, one or more of the recited steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0160] At block 1310, a wireless communication device (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) determines to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network can be similar to network 100. In some aspects, a cell of the network includes a secondary cell. In some aspects, a cell of the network includes a primary cell. In some aspects, the wireless communication device can utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to determine to operate in the sleep mode. In some aspects, the wireless communication device can determine to operate in the sleep mode based on a configuration or a trigger received from a BS (e.g., BS105, 600, and / or 702).

[0161] At block 1320, the wireless communication device operates in a sleep mode for a cell of the wireless communication network. Operating in the sleep mode includes performing BFD according to a BFD configuration.

[0162] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include suppressing performing BFD in a sleep BWP (e.g., BWP 310a). In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include detecting one or more BFD RSs in the sleep BWP. In some aspects, the wireless communication device can also receive a CORESET configuration for the sleep BWP, where monitoring one or more BFD RSs is further based on the CORESET configuration for the sleep BWP. When operating in the sleep mode, the wireless communication device can operate in the sleep BWP. The CORESET configuration can indicate one or more CORESETs in the sleep BWP. However, none of the CORESETs in the sleep BWP are available for the wireless communication device to monitor. In certain cases, the wireless communication device can determine that there is no search configuration (e.g., common search space configuration) for the sleep BWP. In some aspects, the CORESET can include zero PDCCH candidates per aggregation level and per search space.

[0163] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a BWP when the BFD configuration explicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs, e.g., as referred to above Figure 8as discussed in method 800. In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include suppressing the execution of BFD when the BFD configuration fails to explicitly indicate one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, monitor one or more BFD RSs associated with the CORESET QCL. In some aspects, the wireless communication device can further determine that a first QCL type and a second QCL type are associated with the CORESET, wherein monitoring one or more BFD RSs associated with the CORESET QCL includes monitoring one or more BFD RSs associated with the CORESET QCL based on the second QCL type. In some aspects, the second QCL type includes QCL type D.

[0164] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs in the BWP when the BFD configuration implicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 9 method 900. In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include suppressing the execution of BFD when the BFD configuration fails to implicitly indicate one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, monitoring one or more BFD RSs includes monitoring one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET. In some aspects, the wireless communication device can further determine that a first QCL type and a second QCL type are associated with the TCI state of the CORESET, wherein monitoring one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET includes monitoring one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on the second QCL type. In some aspects, the second QCL type includes QCL type D.

[0165] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include at least one of the following: when the BFD configuration explicitly indicates one or more explicit BFD RSs, the wireless communication device monitors one or more explicit BFD RSs in the BWP; or when the BFD configuration fails to explicitly indicate one or more explicit BFD RSs, monitors one or more implicit BFD RSs in the BWP, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 10 method 1000.

[0166] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs in the BWP, where the BWP includes the BWP used by the wireless communication device before operating in the sleep mode, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 and 9 discussed in blocks 842 and 942.

[0167] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes a first BWP used by the wireless communication device before operating in the dormant mode and a dormant BWP used by the wireless communication device when operating in the dormant mode. For example, as respectively referred to above with reference to Figure 8 and 9 discussed in blocks 844 and 944.

[0168] In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs (e.g., reference signal 1110) entirely within the dormant BWP. In some other aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs (e.g., reference signal 1120) partially within the dormant BWP, where a first portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is within the dormant BWP and a second portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is outside the dormant BWP. In some additional aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include measuring at least one parameter of a first portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs. In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include measuring at least one parameter of each of the one or more BFD RSs based on the first and second portions. In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include suppressing monitoring of one or more BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP. In some aspects, performing BFD at block 1320 can include monitoring one or more BFD RSs (e.g., reference signal 1130) outside the dormant BWP.

[0169] In some aspects, the wireless communication device can also receive a BFD configuration. In some aspects, receiving the BFD configuration includes receiving the BFD configuration via at least one of DCI, MAC-CE, or WUS. In some aspects, the BFD configuration indicates that the first BWP is associated with the dormant mode and the second BWP is associated with the non-dormant mode. In some aspects, the BFD configuration has a first duration. In some aspects, the first duration is permanent. In some aspects, the first duration is based on at least one of a timer or a predetermined value. In some aspects, the first duration is based on the number of transitions between the dormant mode and the non-dormant mode.

[0170] Figure 14is a flowchart of a wireless communication method 1400 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 1400 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, wireless communication devices such as the BS 105, 600, and / or 702 may perform the steps of the method 1400 using one or more components such as a processor 602, a memory 604, a beam configuration and transmission module 608, a transceiver 610, a modem 612, and one or more antennas 616. The method 1400 may employ mechanisms similar to those in the schemes 300, 400, 1100, 1202, 1204, and / or 1206 discussed above with reference to Figure 3 , 4 , 11, 12A, 12B, and / or 12C respectively, and / or mechanisms similar to those in the methods 700, 800, 900, and / or 1000 discussed above with reference to Figure 7 , 8 , 9, 12A, 12B, and / or 12C respectively. As shown, the method 1400 includes a plurality of enumerated steps, but aspects of the method 1400 may include additional steps before, after, and between the enumerated steps. In some aspects, one or more of the enumerated steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0171] At block 1410, a first wireless communication device (e.g., the BS 105, 600, and / or 702) determines that a second wireless communication device (e.g., the UE 115, 500, and / or 704) is operating in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network may be similar to network 100. In some aspects, a cell of the network includes a secondary cell. In some aspects, a cell of the network includes a primary cell. In some aspects, the first wireless communication device may determine that the second wireless communication device is operating in a dormant mode using one or more components such as a processor 602, a memory 604, a beam configuration and transmission module 608, a transceiver 610, a modem 612, and one or more antennas 616. In some aspects, the first wireless communication device may determine that the second wireless communication device is operating in a dormant mode based on a configuration or trigger sent by the first wireless communication device.

[0172] At block 1420, in response to determining that the second wireless communication device is operating in a dormant mode, the first wireless communication device sends one or more BFD RSs according to a BFD configuration. In some aspects, the first wireless communication device may send one or more BFD RSs using one or more components such as a processor 602, a memory 604, a beam configuration and transmission module 608, a transceiver 610, a modem 612, and one or more antennas 616.

[0173] In some aspects, transmitting the BFD RS at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs in a dormant BWP (e.g., BWP 310a). In some aspects, the first wireless communication device may also transmit a CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP, wherein transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 is further based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP.

[0174] In some aspects, the first wireless communication device also transmits a BFD configuration to the second wireless communication device. In some aspects, the BFD configuration explicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 method 800. In some aspects, the BFD configuration implicitly indicates one or more BFD RSs, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 9 method 900. In some aspects, transmitting the BFD configuration includes transmitting the BFD configuration to the second wireless communication device via at least one of DCI, MAC-CE, or WUS.

[0175] In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs that are QCL with the CORESET. In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs based on the TCI state of the CORESET.

[0176] In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes the BWP used by the second wireless communication device before operating in the dormant mode, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 and 9 blocks 842 and 942.

[0177] In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs in a BWP, where the BWP includes the BWP used by the second wireless communication device before operating in the dormant mode, and the dormant BWP used by the second wireless communication device when operating in the dormant mode, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 8 and 9 blocks 844 and 944.

[0178] In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs entirely within the dormant BWP (e.g., reference signal 1110). In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs partially within the dormant BWP (e.g., reference signal 1120), where a first portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is within the dormant BWP and a second portion of each of the one or more BFD RSs is outside the dormant BWP. In some aspects, transmitting one or more BFD RSs at block 1420 includes transmitting one or more BFD RSs outside the dormant BWP (e.g., reference signal 1130).

[0179] In some aspects, the BFD configuration indicates that a first BWP is associated with a dormant mode and a second BWP is associated with a non-dormant mode. In some aspects, the BFD configuration has a first duration. In some aspects, the first duration is permanent. In some aspects, the first duration is based on at least one of a timer or a predetermined value. In some aspects, the first duration is based on the number of transitions between the dormant mode and the non-dormant mode.

[0180] Figure 15 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method 1500 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 1500 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, a wireless communication device such as the UE 115, 500, and / or 704 may utilize one or more components (such as a processor 502, a memory 504, a BFD module 508, a transceiver 510, a modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to perform the steps of the method 1500. The method 1500 may employ mechanisms similar to those discussed above with respect to Figure 3 , 4 , 11, 12A, 12B, and / or 12C in schemes 300, 400, 1100, 1202, 1204, and / or 1206, and / or mechanisms similar to those discussed above with respect to Figure 7 , 8 , 9, 10, and / or 13 in methods 700, 800, 900, 1000, and / or 1300. As shown, the method 1300 includes a plurality of enumerated steps, but aspects of the method 1300 may include additional steps before, after, and between the enumerated steps. In some aspects, one or more of the enumerated steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0181] At block 1510, a UE (e.g., UE 115, 500, and / or 704) determines to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. The wireless communication network can be similar to network 100. In some aspects, the UE can utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to determine to operate in the sleep mode.

[0182] At block 1520, the UE operates in a sleep mode for a cell of the wireless communication network. Operating in the sleep mode includes performing beam failure detection (BFD) based on a configured sleep bandwidth part (BWP), e.g., as discussed above with reference to Figure 9 what has been discussed. In some aspects, the UE can utilize one or more components (such as processor 502, memory 504, BFD module 508, transceiver 510, modem 512, and one or more antennas 516) to operate in the sleep mode.

[0183] In some aspects, the UE also receives a configuration including a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the sleep BWP. Performing BFD at block 1520 includes monitoring one or more BFD reference signals (RS) in the sleep BWP based on the CORESET configuration for the sleep BWP. In some aspects, the CORESET configuration indicates the CORESET in the sleep BWP, and monitoring one or more BFD RS includes monitoring one or more BFD RS associated with the transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET. In some aspects, the UE further determines that a first QCL type and a second QCL type are associated with the TCI state of the CORESET, and monitoring one or more BFD RS associated with the TCI state of the CORESET includes monitoring one or more BFD RS associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on the second QCL type. In some aspects, the second QCL type includes QCL type D. In some aspects, operating in the sleep mode at block 1520 includes suppressing physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring in the sleep BWP based on the CORESET configuration. In some aspects, the CORESET configuration indicates the CORESET in the sleep BWP but does not include any PDCCH search space configuration associated with the CORESET in the sleep BWP.

[0184] Figure 16is a flowchart of a wireless communication method 1600 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Aspects of the method 1600 may be performed by a computing device (e.g., a processor, processing circuitry, and / or other suitable components) of a wireless communication device or other suitable components for performing these steps. For example, wireless communication devices such as the BSs 105, 600, and / or 702 may utilize one or more components (such as the processor 602, the memory 604, the beam configuration and transmission module 608, the transceiver 610, the modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to perform the steps of the method 1600. The method 1600 may employ mechanisms similar to those in the scenarios 300, 400, 1100, 1202, 1204, and / or 1206 discussed above with reference to Figure 3 , 4 , 11, 12A, 12B, and / or 12C respectively, and / or mechanisms similar to those in the methods 700, 800, 900, 1000, and / or 1400 discussed above with reference to Figure 7 , 8 , 9, 10, and / or 14 respectively. As shown, the method 1600 includes a plurality of enumerated steps, but aspects of the method 1600 may include additional steps before, after, and between the enumerated steps. In some aspects, one or more of the enumerated steps may be omitted or performed in a different order.

[0185] At block 1610, a BS (e.g., BSs 105, 600, and / or 702) determines that a UE (e.g., UEs 115, 500, and / or 704) is operating in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as the processor 602, the memory 604, the beam configuration and transmission module 608, the transceiver 610, the modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to determine that the UE is operating in a dormant mode.

[0186] At block 1620, the BS sends a configuration for performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a dormant bandwidth part (BWP) associated with the dormant mode to the UE. In some aspects, sending the configuration includes sending a configuration including a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the BS may utilize one or more components (such as the processor 602, the memory 604, the beam configuration and transmission module 608, the transceiver 610, the modem 612, and one or more antennas 616) to send a configuration for performing BFD in the dormant mode.

[0187] In some aspects, the BS also sends one or more BFD RSs in the dormant BWP based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP. In some aspects, the CORESET configuration indicates the CORESET in the dormant BWP, and sending one or more BFD RSs includes sending one or more BFD RSs based on the transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET. In some aspects, sending one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET includes sending at least one of the following: a first BFD RS of one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on a first QCL type, or a second BFD RS of one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on a second QCL type different from the first QCL type. In some aspects, the second QCL type includes QCL type D. In some aspects, the BS further determines one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for the UE in the dormant BWP, and the CORESET configuration indicates the one or more CORESETs. The BS may also suppress the allocation of any physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) search space for the UE in the dormant BWP.

[0188] Information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and processes. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips (chip) that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0189] The various illustrative blocks and modules described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented or executed using a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0190] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described above can be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof executed by a processor. The features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various positions, including being distributed such that parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, the "or" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such that, for example, a list of "[at least one of A, B, or C]" represents A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C).

[0191] As will be understood by some of those skilled in the art so far and depending on the particular application at hand, many modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to the materials, devices, configurations, and methods of use of the devices of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. In view of this, the scope of the present disclosure should not be limited to the scope of the specific embodiments shown and described herein, as they are merely by way of some examples thereof, but should be commensurate in scope with the scope of the following appended claims and their functional equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication by a first user equipment (UE), the method comprises: determining to operate in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; and operating in the sleep mode for the cell of the wireless communication network, wherein operating in the sleep mode comprises performing beam failure detection (BFD) based on a configured sleep bandwidth part (BWP), further comprises: receiving the configuration comprising a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the sleep BWP, wherein performing the BFD comprises: monitoring, in the sleep BWP, one or more BFD reference signals (RS) associated with a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET based on the CORESET configuration for the sleep BWP.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprises: determining that a first QCL type and a second QCL type are associated with the TCI state of the CORESET; and wherein monitoring the one or more BFD RS associated with the TCI state of the CORESET comprises: monitoring the one or more BFD RS associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on the second QCL type.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, the second QCL type comprises QCL type D.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, operating in the sleep mode comprises: suppressing performing physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring in the sleep BWP based on the CORESET configuration.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the CORESET configuration indicates the CORESET in the sleep BWP, and wherein the configuration does not include any PDCCH search space configuration associated with the CORESET in the sleep BWP.

6. A method of wireless communication performed by a base station (BS), the method comprises: determining that a user equipment (UE) is operating in a sleep mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; and sending, to the UE, a configuration for performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a sleep bandwidth part (BWP) associated with the sleep mode, wherein sending the configuration comprises: sending the configuration comprising a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the sleep BWP, further comprises: sending, in the sleep BWP, one or more BFD RS based on a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET based on the CORESET configuration for the sleep BWP.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, sending the one or more BFD RS associated with the TCI state of the CORESET comprises sending at least one of the following: a first BFD RS of the one or more BFD RS associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on a first QCL type; or A second BFD RS of one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET, based on a second QCL type different from the first QCL type.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, the second QCL type includes QCL type D.

9. The method according to claim 6, further comprising: determining one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for the UE in the dormant BWP, the CORESET configuration indicating the one or more CORESETs; and suppressing the allocation of any physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) search space for the UE in the dormant BWP.

10. A user equipment (UE) comprising: a memory; and a processor, coupled to the memory and configured to cause the UE, when executing instructions stored on the memory, to: determine to operate in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; and operate in the dormant mode for a cell of the wireless communication network, wherein operating in the dormant mode includes performing beam failure detection (BFD) based on a configured dormant bandwidth part (BWP), wherein the processor is further configured to: receive the configuration including a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the dormant BWP, wherein the processor configured to perform the BFD is configured to: monitor one or more BFD reference signals (RSs) associated with the transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET in the dormant BWP based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP.

11. The UE according to claim 10, wherein, the processor is further configured to: determine a first QCL type and a second QCL type associated with the TCI state of the CORESET; and wherein the processor configured to monitor the one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET is configured to: monitor the one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on the second QCL type.

12. The UE according to claim 11, wherein, the second QCL type includes QCL type D.

13. The UE according to claim 10, wherein, the processor configured to operate in the dormant mode is configured to: suppress performing physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring in the dormant BWP based on the CORESET configuration.

14. The UE according to claim 10, wherein, the CORESET configuration indicates the CORESET in the dormant BWP, and wherein the configuration does not include any PDCCH search space configuration associated with the CORESET in the dormant BWP.

15. A base station (BS), comprising: a memory; and a processor, coupled to the memory and configured to cause the BS, when executing instructions stored on the memory, to: Determine that a user equipment (UE) is operating in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; And Send to the UE a configuration for performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a dormant bandwidth part (BWP) associated with the dormant mode, Wherein, the processor configured to send the configuration is further configured to: Send the configuration including a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the dormant BWP, Wherein, the processor is further configured to: Send one or more BFD reference signals (RSs) based on a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET in the dormant BWP based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP.

16. The BS according to claim 15, Wherein, The processor configured to send the one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET is configured to send at least one of the following: A first BFD RS of the one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on a first QCL type; or A second BFD RS of the one or more BFD RSs associated with the TCI state of the CORESET based on a second QCL type different from the first QCL type.

17. The BS according to claim 16, Wherein, The second QCL type includes QCL type D.

18. The BS according to claim 15, Wherein, The processor is further configured to: Determine one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for the UE in the dormant BWP, the CORESET configuration indicating the one or more CORESETs; And Suppress the allocation of any physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) search space for the UE in the dormant BWP.

19. A user equipment (UE), Comprising: Components for determining to operate in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; And Components for operating in the dormant mode for a cell of the wireless communication network, wherein operating in the dormant mode includes performing beam failure detection (BFD) based on a configuration in a dormant bandwidth part (BWP), Further comprising: Components for receiving the configuration including a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the dormant BWP, Wherein, performing the BFD includes: Monitoring one or more BFD reference signals (RSs) associated with a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state of the CORESET in the dormant BWP based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that are executable by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

21. A base station (BS), Comprising: Components for determining that a user equipment (UE) is operating in a dormant mode for a cell of a wireless communication network; And A component for sending to the UE a configuration for performing beam failure detection (BFD) in a dormant bandwidth part (BWP) associated with the dormant mode, wherein sending the configuration includes: sending the configuration including a control resource set (CORESET) configuration for the dormant BWP, further including: A component for sending one or more BFD RSs of a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state based on the CORESET in the dormant BWP based on the CORESET configuration for the dormant BWP.

22. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions executable by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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