Irregular terrain surveying and mapping system and method based on remote sensing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an irregular topographic surveying and mapping system and method based on a remote sensing technology, belongs to the field of topographic surveying and mapping, and solves the problem of poor precision and accuracy of irregular topographic surveying and mapping in the prior art. Reliability and accuracy of remote sensing data can be ensured, geometric correction and radiation correction are performed on the remote sensing data through the data processing unit, distortion and errors can be eliminated, accuracy of the remote sensing data can be improved, then extracted terrain data are transmitted to the terrain analysis unit, and data transmission state and channel transmission quality are monitored during transmission. The reliability, the safety and the efficiency of data transmission are effectively improved, and the terrain analysis unit performs data analysis and visual display on the terrain data so as to complete surveying and mapping work on irregular terrains and facilitate visual understanding and explaining of terrain features.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of topographic surveying and mapping, and particularly to an irregular topographic surveying and mapping system and method based on remote sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] Remote sensing technology is a technology that obtains electromagnetic wave information in different bands on the Earth's surface and obtains information about the characteristics and changes of the Earth's surface by processing and analyzing this information. In the field of surveying and mapping, the application of remote sensing technology has become an indispensable tool, which can provide high-precision and high-efficiency surveying and mapping data and provide basic data support for various engineering and planning projects. Traditional irregular topographic surveying mainly relies on manual measurement or simple surveying tools. The accuracy and efficiency of traditional surveying means are relatively low, which is likely to reduce the accuracy of surveying and mapping data, and thus it is impossible to accurately survey irregular terrain; therefore, it does not meet the existing requirements, and for this reason, we propose an irregular topographic surveying and mapping system and method based on remote sensing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an irregular topographic surveying and mapping system and method based on remote sensing technology. The accuracy evaluation unit uses the existing on-site data in the surveying area to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data, which can ensure the reliability and accuracy of the remote sensing data. The data processing unit performs geometric correction and radiometric correction on the remote sensing data, which can eliminate distortion and errors, improve the clarity and color restoration degree of the remote sensing data, and then transmits the extracted topographic data to the topographic analysis unit for analysis, and monitors the data transmission status and channel transmission quality during transmission, effectively improving the reliability, security and efficiency of data transmission. The topographic analysis unit can perform data analysis and visual display on the topographic data, thereby completing the surveying and mapping work of irregular terrain and facilitating the intuitive understanding and interpretation of topographic features, solving the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An irregular topographic surveying and mapping system based on remote sensing technology, comprising:

[0005] A data acquisition unit, for:

[0006] Determine the scope of the surveying area and obtain the remote sensing data of this surveying area;

[0007] An accuracy evaluation unit, for:

[0008] Use the existing on-site data in the surveying area to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data;

[0009] A data processing unit, for:

[0010] Preprocess the acquired remote sensing data. After the preprocessing is completed, extract the terrain data from the remote sensing data. Extract the terrain data by interpreting the remote sensing data, generating elevation data, and classifying ground objects, thereby obtaining terrain information, and transmit the extracted terrain data to the terrain analysis unit for analysis;

[0011] The terrain analysis unit is used for:

[0012] Perform data analysis on the extracted terrain data. Among them, analyze the elevation data to reveal the steepness, terrain features, and concave-convex features of the terrain in the surveyed area, and display the terrain analysis results through visualization technology.

[0013] Furthermore, the remote sensing data acquisition methods include:

[0014] Direct acquisition: Directly collect information on the surface of irregular terrain through remote sensing technology, and select different remote sensing technologies according to the scope of the surveyed area;

[0015] Indirect acquisition: Collect existing remote sensing data of the surveyed area;

[0016] Synthetic acquisition: Integrate remote sensing data from two different sources, namely direct acquisition and indirect acquisition.

[0017] Furthermore, the remote sensing technology includes aerial remote sensing technology and satellite remote sensing technology. Specifically:

[0018] Aerial remote sensing technology takes pictures of the surveyed area in the air by carrying a photographic device on an aircraft;

[0019] Satellite remote sensing technology observes and records the ground of the surveyed area through satellites;

[0020] If the scope of the surveyed area is large, select satellite remote sensing technology to obtain the remote sensing data of the surveyed area;

[0021] If the scope of the surveyed area is small, select aerial remote sensing technology to obtain the remote sensing data of the surveyed area.

[0022] Furthermore, the accuracy evaluation unit includes:

[0023] Obtain the existing high-resolution on-site data of the surveyed area in advance;

[0024] Compare the existing high-resolution on-site data with the currently acquired remote sensing data;

[0025] Evaluate the accuracy and consistency of the current remote sensing data through comparison.

[0026] Furthermore, the data processing unit includes:

[0027] The preprocessing module is used for:

[0028] Preprocess the acquired remote sensing data, including geometric correction and radiometric correction;

[0029] Among them, geometric correction corresponds the remote sensing data to the actual ground position, and corrects the remote sensing data by using known points or ground control points, so that the remote sensing data has accurate geographic coordinates and projection information;

[0030] Radiometric correction performs radiometric calibration on the remote sensing data to eliminate the influence of the remote sensing data by atmospheric conditions and the change of terrain surface reflectivity;

[0031] Feature extraction module, for:

[0032] Extract terrain data from the preprocessed remote sensing data. Terrain data extraction obtains terrain information through remote sensing data interpretation, generating elevation data and land cover classification;

[0033] Data transmission module, for:

[0034] Transmit the extracted terrain data to the terrain analysis unit, and monitor the data transmission status and channel transmission quality during transmission.

[0035] Furthermore, the feature extraction module includes:

[0036] Remote sensing data interpretation: Classify and label the land cover in the remote sensing data, including water bodies, buildings and vegetation;

[0037] Generate elevation data: Generate a three-dimensional terrain model based on the remote sensing data, which includes ground elevation and terrain feature information, and finally obtain elevation data;

[0038] Land cover classification: Divide the terrain into different categories according to the terrain feature information and existing terrain parameters, including plains, mountains, hills, plateaus and basins.

[0039] Furthermore, the data transmission module includes:

[0040] Transmission monitoring module, for:

[0041] Monitor the data transmission status in real time, judge whether the data is transmitted successfully, and start the retransmission mechanism for the data that is not successfully transmitted, and retransmit the data that is not successfully transmitted;

[0042] Channel monitoring module, for:

[0043] Monitor the signal strength of the channel in real time, and judge the channel transmission quality according to the strength of the signal.

[0044] Furthermore, the terrain analysis unit includes:

[0045] Data analysis module, for:

[0046] Receive topographic data and conduct data analysis, and understand the steepness, terrain features, and concave-convex features of the terrain in the survey area through analysis. Among them, data analysis includes elevation analysis, slope analysis, aspect analysis, and curvature analysis;

[0047] Visualization module, for:

[0048] Display the analysis results of the data analysis module through GIS visualization technology, including elevation maps, slope maps, and aspect maps.

[0049] Furthermore, the data analysis is specifically:

[0050] Elevation analysis: Obtain the elevation information of the terrain through elevation data, and understand the altitude distribution and change trend of the terrain;

[0051] Slope analysis: Obtain the slope information of the terrain by calculating the gradient of the elevation data, and reveal the steepness and terrain features of the terrain;

[0052] Aspect analysis: Obtain the aspect information of the terrain by calculating the direction of the elevation data, and reveal the orientation features of the terrain;

[0053] Curvature analysis: Obtain the curvature information of the terrain by calculating the curvature of the elevation data.

[0054] Implementation method of an irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology, including the following steps:

[0055] Obtain the remote sensing data of the survey area through the data acquisition unit, and use the existing on-site data in the survey area by the accuracy evaluation unit to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data;

[0056] Perform geometric correction and radiometric correction on the obtained remote sensing data through the data processing unit, and extract the processed remote sensing data through remote sensing data interpretation, generation of elevation data, and land cover classification;

[0057] Transmit the extracted topographic data to the terrain analysis unit for analysis, and monitor the data transmission status and channel transmission quality during transmission;

[0058] The terrain analysis unit conducts data analysis after receiving the topographic data, and measures the steepness, terrain features, and concave-convex features of the terrain in the survey area through data analysis;

[0059] Use GIS visualization technology to display the analysis results.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0061] 1. The present invention obtains remote sensing data of a mapping area through a data acquisition unit, and then an accuracy evaluation unit uses existing on-site data of the mapping area to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data. Through the accuracy evaluation, the error range and reliability of the remote sensing data can be verified, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the remote sensing data, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of the mapping data, and further enabling accurate mapping of irregular terrains.

[0062] 2. The present invention can perform geometric correction and radiometric correction on the obtained remote sensing data through a data processing unit. Through geometric correction, geometric errors of the remote sensing data can be eliminated or corrected, and through radiometric correction, radiometric errors of the remote sensing data can be eliminated or corrected. Through the above operations, the quality and accuracy of the remote sensing data can be improved, thereby further enhancing the accuracy and precision of the mapping data.

[0063] 3. After the data processing unit of the present invention finishes processing the remote sensing data, it extracts terrain data from the remote sensing data to obtain terrain information, and transmits the extracted terrain data to a terrain analysis unit for analysis. During the transmission process, the data transmission status and channel transmission quality are monitored in real time, thereby effectively improving the reliability, security, and efficiency of data transmission. After receiving the terrain data, the terrain analysis unit performs data analysis and visually displays the analysis results to complete the mapping work of irregular terrains, and it is also convenient for intuitive understanding and interpretation of terrain features. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0065] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0066] To solve the technical problem that the existing technology mainly relies on manual measurement or simple mapping tools for mapping irregular terrains, and the accuracy and efficiency of traditional mapping methods are relatively low, which is likely to reduce the accuracy of mapping data and thus unable to accurately map irregular terrains, please refer to Figure 1 , the following technical solutions are provided in this embodiment:

[0067] An irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology, comprising:

[0068] A data acquisition unit, used for:

[0069] Determine the scope of the surveying and mapping area and obtain remote sensing data of the surveying and mapping area;

[0070] An accuracy evaluation unit for:

[0071] Use the existing on-site data in the surveying and mapping area to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data;

[0072] A data processing unit for:

[0073] Preprocess the obtained remote sensing data. After the preprocessing is completed, extract terrain data from the remote sensing data. Extract terrain data by interpreting the remote sensing data, generating elevation data and land cover classification, and then obtain terrain information, and transmit the extracted terrain data to the terrain analysis unit for analysis;

[0074] A terrain analysis unit for:

[0075] Perform data analysis on the extracted terrain data. Among them, analyze the steepness, terrain characteristics and concavity and convexity characteristics of the terrain in the surveying and mapping area by analyzing the elevation data, and display the terrain analysis results through visualization technology.

[0076] The technical effects of the above content are as follows: First, determine the scope of the surveying and mapping area, so as to obtain the remote sensing data of the surveying and mapping area through the data acquisition unit. And the accuracy evaluation unit uses the existing on-site data in the surveying and mapping area to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data, which can ensure the reliability and accuracy of the remote sensing data. Then, the data processing unit performs geometric correction and radiometric correction on the remote sensing data, which can eliminate the distortion and error of the remote sensing data, thereby improving the clarity and color restoration degree of the remote sensing data, and further improving the quality and accuracy of the remote sensing data. After the data processing is completed, the extracted terrain data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit for analysis, and the data transmission status and channel transmission quality are monitored during the transmission, so as to effectively improve the reliability, security and efficiency of data transmission. Finally, the terrain analysis unit can perform data analysis and visual display on the terrain data, so as to complete the surveying and mapping work of the irregular terrain and facilitate the intuitive understanding and interpretation of the terrain characteristics.

[0077] Remote sensing data acquisition methods include:

[0078] Direct acquisition: Directly collect information on the surface of the irregular terrain through remote sensing technology, and select different remote sensing technologies according to the scope of the surveying and mapping area;

[0079] Indirect acquisition: Collect existing remote sensing data of the surveying and mapping area;

[0080] Synthetic acquisition: Integrate remote sensing data from two different sources of direct acquisition and indirect acquisition.

[0081] Remote sensing technology includes aerial remote sensing technology and satellite remote sensing technology, specifically as follows:

[0082] Aerial remote sensing technology takes pictures of the survey area in the air by carrying a photographic device on an aircraft;

[0083] Satellite remote sensing technology observes and records the ground of the survey area through a satellite;

[0084] If the scope of the survey area is large, satellite remote sensing technology is selected to obtain remote sensing data of the survey area;

[0085] If the scope of the survey area is small, aerial remote sensing technology is selected to obtain remote sensing data of the survey area.

[0086] The technical effects of the above content are as follows: Direct acquisition means directly collecting information on the surface of irregular terrain through aerial remote sensing technology or satellite remote sensing technology, that is, using a satellite or an aircraft (such as an airplane, a drone, etc.) to observe the surface of the survey area, so as to obtain high-resolution image data. Aerial remote sensing technology or satellite remote sensing technology can be selected according to the scope of the survey area, thereby improving the flexibility of remote sensing data acquisition. Indirect acquisition mainly obtains the required information by collecting existing remote sensing data (historical data of the survey area collected by ground measurement instruments), which includes downloading data from a public data platform or obtaining data through an API interface. The indirect acquisition method is applicable to situations where the cost of data acquisition is high or the data update is not timely. Synthetic acquisition means comprehensively using the data obtained directly and indirectly for multi-source data fusion. This method can improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data and is applicable to large-scale and complex surface monitoring tasks. The acquisition method of remote sensing data can select appropriate data sources according to specific requirements, so as to realize the monitoring and observation of the surface of irregular terrain.

[0087] The accuracy evaluation unit includes:

[0088] Obtain the existing high-resolution on-site data of the survey area in advance;

[0089] Compare the existing high-resolution on-site data with the currently obtained remote sensing data;

[0090] Evaluate the accuracy and consistency of the current remote sensing data through comparison.

[0091] The technical effects of the above content are as follows: Before the accuracy evaluation, the accuracy evaluation unit will first obtain the existing high-resolution on-site data of the surveyed area, and then compare the high-resolution on-site data with the currently obtained remote sensing data. Based on the on-site investigation and measurement of the high-resolution on-site data, the conformity degree of the remote sensing data with the actual ground objects is compared, so as to effectively evaluate the accuracy of the remote sensing data, ensure the reliability and accuracy of the remote sensing data, and thus improve the effect of the analysis and application of the remote sensing data.

[0092] The data processing unit includes:

[0093] The preprocessing module is used for:

[0094] Preprocess the obtained remote sensing data, including geometric correction and radiometric correction;

[0095] Among them, geometric correction corresponds the remote sensing data to the actual ground position, and corrects the remote sensing data by using known points or ground control points, so that the remote sensing data has accurate geographic coordinates and projection information;

[0096] Radiometric correction performs radiometric calibration on the remote sensing data to eliminate the influence of the remote sensing data affected by atmospheric conditions and the change of terrain surface reflectivity;

[0097] The feature extraction module is used for:

[0098] Extract terrain data from the preprocessed remote sensing data. The terrain data extraction obtains terrain information through remote sensing data interpretation, generating elevation data and land cover classification;

[0099] The data transmission module is used for:

[0100] Transmit the extracted terrain data to the terrain analysis unit, and monitor the data transmission status and channel transmission quality during the transmission.

[0101] The feature extraction module includes:

[0102] Remote sensing data interpretation: Classify and label the ground objects in the remote sensing data, including water bodies, buildings and vegetation;

[0103] Generate elevation data: Generate a three-dimensional terrain model based on the remote sensing data, which includes ground elevation and terrain feature information, and finally obtain elevation data;

[0104] Land cover classification: According to the terrain feature information and the existing terrain parameters, divide the terrain into different categories, including plains, mountains, hills, plateaus and basins. The terrain classification helps to identify and analyze the terrain types;

[0105] Among them, the existing terrain parameters are specifically:

[0106] Plain: The altitude is generally below 200 meters, the ground is relatively flat with small undulations;

[0107] Hills: The altitude ranges from 200 meters to 500 meters, the ground has large undulations and gentle slopes;

[0108] Plateau: The altitude is generally above 500 meters, the surface is tall and flat with steep edges;

[0109] Mountains: The altitude is above 500 meters, the ground has large undulations and large slopes;

[0110] Basin: High in the surrounding and low in the middle, with no clear altitude limit;

[0111] The classification of ground features is divided according to the above criteria.

[0112] The technical effects of the above content are as follows: First, the preprocessing module will perform preprocessing operations such as geometric correction and radiometric correction on the acquired remote sensing data. The main purpose of geometric correction is to eliminate or correct the geometric errors of remote sensing data. These errors may be caused by factors such as deformation of photographic materials, lens distortion, atmospheric refraction, earth curvature, earth rotation, and terrain undulation, resulting in inconsistencies between the geometric positions, shapes, sizes, orientations, etc. of ground features on the original image and the actual ground features. After geometric correction, a single pixel can be placed in its appropriate planar (x, y) map position, and the geometrically corrected remote sensing data can be used to extract accurate distance, polygon area, and direction information, supporting more accurate spatial analysis and decision-making. The main purpose of radiometric correction is to eliminate or correct the radiometric errors of remote sensing data. These errors may be caused by factors such as sensor gain and offset, and changes in illumination conditions, resulting in inaccurate brightness, contrast, and color of remote sensing data. After radiometric correction, the quality of remote sensing data can be improved, making it more truly reflect the actual situation of ground features. Geometric correction and radiometric correction aim to eliminate distortions and errors, improve the clarity and color restoration of remote sensing data, thereby improving the quality and accuracy of remote sensing data, and further improving the accuracy and precision of surveying and mapping data, ensuring accurate surveying and mapping of irregular terrains. After preprocessing is completed, the feature extraction module can extract terrain data through remote sensing data interpretation, generating elevation data and ground feature classification. Thus, terrain information can be obtained based on the terrain data. These terrain data can help reveal the steepness, orientation features, and convex and concave features of the terrain, facilitating the understanding of ground information on irregular terrains. Finally, the extracted terrain data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit through the data transmission module, and during the transmission process, the data transmission status and channel transmission quality are monitored in real time, enabling real-time understanding of the data transmission situation, thus effectively ensuring the reliability, security, and efficiency of data transmission.

[0113] The data transmission module includes:

[0114] Transmission monitoring module, used for:

[0115] Monitor the data transmission status in real time, determine whether the data is transmitted successfully, start the retransmission mechanism for the data that fails to be transmitted, and resend the data that fails to be transmitted;

[0116] Channel monitoring module, used for:

[0117] Monitor the signal strength of the channel in real time, and judge the channel transmission quality according to the strength of the signal.

[0118] The technical effects of the above content are as follows: The transmission monitoring module can monitor in real time whether the data is transmitted successfully, start the retransmission mechanism for the data that fails to be transmitted, and resend the data that fails to be transmitted, ensuring that the data is sent in time and guaranteeing the timeliness of the data. The channel monitoring module can monitor the signal strength of the channel in real time, avoiding data loss caused by attenuation during transmission. By monitoring the data transmission status and the channel transmission quality, the reliability, security and efficiency of data transmission can be effectively improved, ensuring that the data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit safely and in time.

[0119] Terrain analysis unit, including:

[0120] Data analysis module, used for:

[0121] Receive terrain data and perform data analysis, and understand the steepness, terrain features, concave and convex features of the terrain in the mapping area through analysis. Among them, data analysis includes elevation analysis, slope analysis, aspect analysis and curvature analysis;

[0122] Visualization module, used for:

[0123] Display the analysis results of the data analysis module through GIS visualization technology, including elevation maps, slope maps, and aspect maps.

[0124] Data analysis, specifically:

[0125] Elevation analysis: Obtain the elevation information of the terrain through elevation data, and understand the elevation distribution and change trend of the terrain;

[0126] Slope analysis: Obtain the slope information of the terrain by calculating the gradient of the elevation data, and reveal the steepness and terrain features of the terrain;

[0127] Aspect analysis: Obtain the aspect information of the terrain by calculating the direction of the elevation data, and reveal the orientation characteristics of the terrain;

[0128] Curvature analysis: Obtain the curvature information of the terrain by calculating the curvature of the elevation data.

[0129] The technical effects of the above content are as follows: The data analysis module can perform data analysis on the transmitted terrain data. By analyzing, it can understand the steepness, terrain features, and concave-convex features of the terrain in the survey area. Elevation analysis can, through elevation data, perform operations such as drawing elevation contour lines and elevation statistical analysis, and can obtain the elevation information of the terrain to understand the elevation distribution and change trend of the terrain. Slope analysis can obtain the slope information of the terrain by calculating the gradient of the elevation data. Slope analysis can reveal the steepness and terrain features of the terrain, which is helpful for terrain assessment and land use planning. Aspect analysis can obtain the aspect information of the terrain by calculating the direction of the elevation data. Aspect analysis can reveal the orientation features of the terrain, which is of great significance for hydrological simulation and land resource management. Curvature analysis can obtain the curvature information of the terrain by calculating the curvature of the elevation data. Curvature analysis can reveal the concave-convex features of the terrain, which is of great significance for geological research and geomorphic analysis. And for the above analysis results, the visualization module will visually display the analysis results of the data analysis module through GIS visualization technology, which is convenient for intuitively understanding and interpreting terrain features.

[0130] Specifically, this embodiment also proposes an implementation method for an irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology, including the following steps:

[0131] Obtain the remote sensing data of the survey area through the data acquisition unit, and use the existing on-site data in the survey area by the accuracy evaluation unit to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data;

[0132] Perform geometric correction and radiometric correction on the obtained remote sensing data through the data processing unit, and extract the processed remote sensing data through remote sensing data interpretation, generating elevation data and land cover classification;

[0133] Transmit the extracted terrain data to the terrain analysis unit for analysis, and monitor the data transmission status and channel transmission quality during transmission;

[0134] After receiving the terrain data, the terrain analysis unit performs data analysis to analyze the steepness, terrain features, and concave-convex features of the terrain in the survey area;

[0135] Use GIS visualization technology to display the analysis results.

[0136] Working principle: The remote sensing data of the surveying and mapping area is obtained through the data acquisition unit, and the accuracy evaluation unit uses the existing on-site data of the surveying and mapping area to evaluate the accuracy of the obtained remote sensing data, which can ensure the reliability and accuracy of the remote sensing data. Then, the geometric correction and radiometric correction of the remote sensing data are carried out through the data processing unit to eliminate distortion and errors, thereby improving the quality and accuracy of the remote sensing data, and further improving the accuracy and accuracy of the surveying and mapping data. After the data processing is completed, the terrain data can be extracted through the interpretation of the remote sensing data, the generation of elevation data and the classification of ground objects. Thus, the terrain information can be obtained based on the terrain data. These terrain data can help reveal the steepness, orientation characteristics and concave-convex characteristics of the terrain, so as to facilitate the understanding of the ground information of the irregular terrain. Then, the extracted terrain data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit through the data transmission module, and the data transmission status and channel transmission quality are monitored in real time during the transmission process, so that the data transmission situation can be understood in real time, thereby effectively ensuring the reliability, security and efficiency of the data transmission. Finally, the terrain analysis unit can perform data analysis on the terrain data to understand the steepness, terrain characteristics and concave-convex characteristics of the terrain in the surveying and mapping area, and perform visual display on the analysis results, so as to complete the surveying and mapping work of the irregular terrain and facilitate the intuitive understanding and interpretation of the terrain characteristics.

[0137] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0138] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. Irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology, characterized by: include: A data acquisition unit, for: Determine the scope of the surveying and mapping area and obtain remote sensing data of the surveying and mapping area; Accuracy evaluation unit for: Use existing field data in the survey area to assess the accuracy of acquired remote sensing data; Data processing unit for: Preprocess the acquired remote sensing data. After the preprocessing is completed, extract the terrain data from the remote sensing data. Extract the terrain data by interpreting the remote sensing data, generating elevation data and classifying the objects, and then obtain the terrain information. The extracted terrain data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit for analysis. Terrain analysis unit for: The extracted terrain data is analyzed, wherein the steepness, topographic features and concave-convex features of the terrain in the surveying area are revealed by analyzing the elevation data, and the terrain analysis results are displayed through visualization technology.

2. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote sensing data acquisition method includes: Direct acquisition: directly collect information on irregular terrain surfaces through remote sensing technology, and select different remote sensing technologies according to the scope of the surveying area; Indirect acquisition: by collecting existing remote sensing data of the survey area; Synthetic acquisition: Fusion of remote sensing data from two different sources: direct acquisition and indirect acquisition.

3. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 2 is characterized by: The remote sensing technology includes aerial remote sensing technology and satellite remote sensing technology, specifically: Aerial remote sensing technology uses aircraft carrying photographic equipment to photograph the survey area from the air; Satellite remote sensing technology uses satellites to observe and record the ground in the survey area; If the survey area is large, satellite remote sensing technology is used to obtain remote sensing data of the survey area; If the surveying area is small, choose aerial remote sensing technology to obtain remote sensing data of the surveying area.

4. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The accuracy assessment unit comprises: Obtain high-resolution field data of the survey area in advance; Compare existing high-resolution field data with currently acquired remote sensing data; Evaluate the accuracy and consistency of current remote sensing data through comparison.

5. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data processing unit comprises: Preprocessing module for: Preprocess the acquired remote sensing data, including geometric correction and radiation correction; Among them, geometric correction matches the remote sensing data with the actual ground position, and uses known points or ground control points to correct the remote sensing data so that the remote sensing data has accurate geographic coordinates and projection information; Radiation correction performs radiometric calibration on remote sensing data to eliminate the effects of atmospheric conditions and changes in terrain surface reflectivity on remote sensing data; Feature extraction module for: The pre-processed remote sensing data is subjected to terrain data extraction, which obtains terrain information by interpreting remote sensing data, generating elevation data and classifying land objects; Data transmission module for: The extracted terrain data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit, and the data transmission status and channel transmission quality are monitored during transmission.

6. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 5 is characterized by: The feature extraction module comprises: Remote sensing data interpretation: Classify and label objects in remote sensing data, including water bodies, buildings and vegetation; Generate elevation data: Generate a three-dimensional terrain model based on remote sensing data, including ground elevation and terrain feature information, and finally obtain elevation data; Land feature classification: Based on terrain feature information and existing terrain parameters, the terrain is divided into different categories, including plains, mountains, hills, plateaus and basins.

7. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data transmission module comprises: Transmission monitoring module for: Monitor the data transmission status in real time to determine whether the data is transmitted successfully. If the data is not transmitted successfully, start the retransmission mechanism and resend the data that was not transmitted successfully. Channel monitoring module, used for: Monitor the signal strength of the channel in real time and judge the channel transmission quality based on the signal strength.

8. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by: The terrain analysis unit comprises: Data analysis module for: Receive terrain data and conduct data analysis to understand the steepness, topographic features, and concave-convex features of the terrain in the surveying area. Data analysis includes elevation analysis, slope analysis, aspect analysis, and curvature analysis; Visualization modules for: The analysis results of the data analysis module are displayed through GIS visualization technology, including elevation map, slope map, and aspect map.

9. The irregular terrain mapping system based on remote sensing technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data analysis specifically includes: Elevation analysis: obtain the elevation information of the terrain through elevation data, and understand the altitude distribution and change trend of the terrain; Slope analysis: By calculating the gradient of elevation data, the slope information of the terrain is obtained, revealing the steepness and topographic characteristics of the terrain; Slope aspect analysis: By calculating the direction of elevation data, the slope aspect information of the terrain is obtained, revealing the orientation characteristics of the terrain; Curvature analysis: By calculating the curvature of elevation data, the curvature information of the terrain is obtained.

10. A method for surveying and mapping irregular terrain based on remote sensing technology, implemented based on a system for surveying and mapping irregular terrain based on remote sensing technology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The remote sensing data of the surveying area is acquired through the data acquisition unit, and the accuracy of the acquired remote sensing data is evaluated by using the existing field data of the surveying area through the accuracy evaluation unit; The acquired remote sensing data is subjected to geometric correction and radiation correction through the data processing unit, and the processed remote sensing data is extracted through remote sensing data interpretation, elevation data generation and ground object classification; The extracted terrain data is transmitted to the terrain analysis unit for analysis, and the data transmission status and channel transmission quality are monitored during transmission; The terrain analysis unit performs data analysis after receiving the terrain data, and analyzes the steepness, topographic features and concave-convex features of the terrain in the surveying area through data analysis; GIS visualization technology is used to display the analysis results.

Images