Automobile camera aperture adjustment control system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an automobile camera aperture adjustment control system and method, and relates to the technical field of automobile cameras. The system comprises an illumination sensing assembly which detects the intensity of ambient light in real time and transmits a signal to a vehicle body control assembly, and the signal is transmitted to an aperture adjusting controller after analog-to-digital conversion. And the aperture adjusting controller calculates the optimal opening degree and position of the aperture through the intelligent dynamic aperture control model according to the ambient light intensity, the reflectivity and the dynamic illumination condition. The electromagnetic driving assembly adjusts the opening degree and the position of the aperture according to the control signal, and the smoothness and the accuracy of aperture adjustment are ensured through the three-gear adjustment limiting mechanism and the damping mechanism. The system can automatically adjust the aperture in strong light and weak light environments, and ensures that the image acquired by the camera always keeps the optimal brightness and definition. By adopting an intelligent algorithm and an electromagnetic driving technology, the image quality is effectively improved, the driving safety is improved, and the method has wide application prospects and market value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive cameras, and particularly to an automotive camera aperture adjustment control system and method. Background Art

[0002] Automotive camera systems have been widely used in functions such as vehicle safety assist driving, autonomous driving, driving record, and parking assist. Most existing automotive camera systems adopt a fixed aperture design, obtaining the external environmental light through the built-in aperture and transmitting it to the in-vehicle system. The opening degree of the aperture is usually fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the external lighting conditions. The images captured by the camera are transmitted to the display screen through the in-vehicle system for the driver to observe the external situation in real time.

[0003] Currently, the fixed aperture camera system has significant deficiencies when facing different lighting environments: Interference in strong light environments: In environments with strong light, such as outdoors on a sunny day or an environment irradiated by strong light sources, the light of the images captured by the camera is too strong, resulting in dazzling display content, interfering with the driver's line of sight, and affecting the driver's safety judgment. Display problems in low light environments: In environments with low light, such as at night or in a closed parking lot, the images captured by the camera are too dim to clearly display dark obstacles, affecting the driver's judgment of obstacles and posing potential safety hazards. Unable to adapt to light changes: Due to the non-adjustable aperture, the prior art cannot automatically adjust the opening degree and position of the aperture according to different lighting intensities, resulting in inconsistent image quality and affecting the performance of the camera in different environments.

[0004] The fixed aperture design in the prior art is simple and cannot be automatically adjusted according to the change of the external environmental lighting intensity. The traditional camera system lacks intelligent algorithms and driving mechanisms and cannot sense and adjust the opening degree and position of the aperture according to the lighting intensity in real time. In addition, the mechanical design of the aperture does not consider the adjustment requirements in strong light or low light environments, resulting in unstable presentation of image quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automotive camera aperture adjustment control system and method to solve the problem that the existing fixed aperture design cannot adapt to different lighting environments. Through an intelligent dynamic aperture control model and electromagnetic drive technology, it can adjust the opening degree and position of the aperture in real time, provide stable image quality in strong light and low light environments, and significantly improve the image clarity and driving safety of the camera.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automotive camera aperture adjustment control system includes:

[0008] A light sensing component, which is used to detect the light intensity around the vehicle in real time, convert the light intensity into a corresponding lumen value signal through a photoelectric sensor, and after being processed by a signal conditioning circuit, transmit it to a body control component through a hard wire signal;

[0009] A body control component, which is used to receive the lumen value signal, and the lumen value signal is an analog signal or a digital signal; the lumen value signal is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter, and the converted digital signal is transmitted to an aperture adjustment controller through a CAN bus or a CANFD bus protocol;

[0010] An aperture adjustment controller, which is used to receive the CAN bus signal from the body control component, combine with an intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, generate an aperture dynamic opening degree and position by calculating the ambient light intensity, reflectivity and dynamic light conditions, calculate the optimal opening size and sliding position of the aperture, and generate an aperture adjustment control signal;

[0011] A camera drive component, which is used to receive the aperture adjustment control signal and adjust the aperture opening degree and position of the camera according to the aperture adjustment control signal;

[0012] An electromagnetic drive component, which is used to receive the aperture adjustment control signal, push the aperture slider in the aperture sliding track to move by applying a stepped voltage, and adjust the aperture opening degree and position;

[0013] An aperture adjustment component, which includes an aperture mask, a three-stage adjustment limiting mechanism and an aperture sliding track, is used to adjust the aperture opening degree and position, and realizes smooth adjustment through a damping mechanism;

[0014] Among them, the electromagnetic drive component pushes or pulls the aperture mask by applying different voltages to adjust the aperture opening degree and position within the adjustment range of the aperture;

[0015] The aperture three-stage adjustment limiting mechanism includes a mechanical spring limit or a magnetic attraction limit component, which ensures the stability of the aperture mask within the adjustment range and reduces the interference of external vibration on the aperture position;

[0016] The aperture sliding track adjusts the front and back movement of the aperture, keeps the adjustment accuracy and direction consistent, and realizes the gradualness and accuracy of the aperture position adjustment through a damping mechanism.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the body control component includes:

[0018] A signal conditioning unit, which is used to receive the current signal from the light sensing component and amplify and filter it; the amplifier is a low-noise operational amplifier, which increases the intensity of the current signal to a range suitable for subsequent processing, and the filter is a low-pass filter, which is used to remove the noise in the signal;

[0019] An analog-to-digital conversion unit for converting the analog signal after signal conditioning into a digital signal. The operating frequency range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is from 1 kHz to 10 kHz, the resolution is at least 12 bits, and the conversion rate is 10 MS / s, which is used to provide a high-precision digital signal output and avoid the loss of light information during the conversion process;

[0020] A data processing unit for receiving the digital signal from the analog-to-digital conversion unit and processing the lumen value signal according to the ambient light change; the data processing unit calculates the dynamic opening degree and position of the aperture through the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM and generates an aperture adjustment control signal;

[0021] A signal transmission unit for transmitting the aperture adjustment control signal to the aperture adjustment controller through the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol; the signal transmission unit ensures the data integrity and transmission speed during the digital signal transmission process.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM realizes aperture adjustment through the following steps:

[0023] Obtain the ambient light information around the vehicle through the light sensing component and decompose it into ambient reflectivity and dynamic light conditions. The decomposition formula is:

[0024] I env (x) = R env (x) × S dynamic (x);

[0025] Where: I env (x) is the ambient light intensity; R env (x) is the reflectivity, indicating the light reflection characteristics of the surfaces of objects around the vehicle; S dynamic (x) is the dynamic light condition, indicating the changes in light source intensity and distribution;

[0026] The dynamic light condition is realized through multi-scale processing of the Gaussian filter. The formula is:

[0027]

[0028] Where: f filter (x,y) is the dynamic light condition; k represents the index of the filtering layer; w k is the weight of the Gaussian filter, indicating the influence factor of different scale filtering; σ k is the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter, controlling the filtering perception range; represents the attenuation characteristic of the Gaussian distribution in space. The larger the value, the smaller the weight; x,y are the spatial coordinates, used to represent the pixel point positions in the image; N is the number of filtering layers.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aperture adjustment signal is optimized and generated through the following steps:

[0030] Using the environmental image within the camera's field of view, calculate the distance between the object and the camera through an image processing algorithm to generate depth information of the environment:

[0031] Based on the depth information of the environment, determine the normal direction of the object surface, with the formula:

[0032]

[0033] Where: z(x) represents the depth information extracted from the environmental image, reflecting the relative distance from the object to the camera; represents the gradient of the depth, reflecting the direction of depth change; is the modulus of the gradient, used to normalize the normal direction;

[0034] Based on the dynamic lighting conditions and the normal direction of the object surface, generate an aperture adjustment signal through a dynamic diffusion model, with the formula:

[0035]

[0036] Where: dx is the change amount of the aperture adjustment signal; f illum (x,t) is the light drift term, representing the drift of the light source intensity over time; g diffusion (t) is the diffusion coefficient, representing the response sensitivity of the diffusion model to dynamic lighting; is the gradient of the energy function; dω is the random perturbation in the dynamic lighting; t is the time variable;

[0037] Optimize the aperture adjustment signal through the energy function, with the formula:

[0038] E opt (x,t) = λ intensity ×E intensity (x,t) + λ reflectivity ×E reflectivity (x,t) + λ gradient ×E gradient (x,t)

[0039] Where: λ intensity 、λ reflectivity 、λ gradient are weight parameters, respectively representing the influence factors of light intensity, reflectivity, and gradient optimization; E intensity (x,t) is the light intensity optimization term; E reflectivity (x,t) is the reflectivity optimization term; E gradient target dynamic lighting conditions;

[0040] The final aperture adjustment signal is generated by a non - linear neural network, and the formula is:

[0041] y s =f NN (S dynamic (x),θ)

[0042] where: y s is the aperture adjustment signal; f NN is the non - linear neural network function; θ is the neural network weight.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic adjustment of the aperture is realized by optimizing the aperture response control signal, and the formula is:

[0044]

[0045] where: y s (t) is the dynamic aperture adjustment signal; K p 、K i 、K d are control parameters; e(t) is the aperture error; represents the cumulative amount of the error and is used for integral control; represents the change rate of the error and is used for differential control; is the diffusion model signal and is used to adapt to the change of dynamic ambient light.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aperture adjustment controller includes:

[0047] An aperture adjustment unit, which is used to receive the aperture adjustment control signal from the body control unit. The aperture adjustment control signal includes the target aperture opening degree, position and position parameters; according to the control signal, a drive signal is generated to adjust the opening degree and sliding position of the aperture;

[0048] An aperture response unit, which is used to drive the aperture sliding device to move back and forth according to the aperture adjustment control signal; the aperture sliding device defines the sliding direction of the aperture through a linear guide rail and limits the aperture sliding range through a limiting mechanism.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the camera driving assembly includes:

[0050] A driving motor unit: including a stepper motor or a servo motor, which is used to receive the driving signal from the aperture adjustment control unit, adjust the motor power output through a motor controller, and drive the camera to move back and forth to adjust the position of the camera;

[0051] Position feedback unit: including an encoder or a Hall sensor, which is used to detect the current position of the camera in real time and generate a position signal. The position signal includes the current position information and displacement direction information of the camera.

[0052] Drive control unit, which is used to receive the position signal from the position feedback unit and adjust the output signal of the drive motor unit based on the signal; the drive control unit includes a closed-loop control circuit to ensure that the camera moves to the target position and maintains the adjustment accuracy.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic drive assembly includes:

[0054] Electromagnetic drive unit, which generates a magnetic field by adjusting the current or voltage to drive the aperture mask to move back and forth along the sliding track; the electromagnetic drive unit includes a linear electromagnet, which is used to adjust the aperture opening degree and position, independent of the movement operation of the camera.

[0055] Electromagnetic control unit, which is used to receive the control signal from the aperture adjustment control unit, controls the current output of the electromagnetic drive unit through PWM modulation, and adjusts the opening and closing position of the aperture.

[0056] Feedback induction unit, including a photoelectric sensor or a Hall effect sensor, which is used to monitor the position of the aperture mask in real time and generate an aperture position signal; the position signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic control unit, and the electromagnetic control unit adjusts the output current of the electromagnetic drive unit based on the feedback position signal.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aperture adjustment assembly includes:

[0058] Aperture adjustment control unit, which is used to receive the aperture control signal from the vehicle body control unit. The aperture control signal includes the target aperture opening degree, position, and front and back position parameters; the aperture adjustment control unit generates a motor drive signal according to the aperture control signal.

[0059] Aperture response unit: including a motor drive system and an aperture sliding track. The motor drive system receives the motor drive signal and controls the position of the aperture mask in the aperture sliding track by adjusting the output current; the aperture response unit includes a closed-loop control circuit, and the closed-loop control circuit adjusts the motor drive signal through the sensor feedback signal.

[0060] An automobile camera aperture adjustment control method includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: Real-time detect the light intensity around the vehicle through the light sensing component, convert the light intensity into a corresponding lumen value signal by using a photoelectric sensor, and amplify and filter the lumen value signal through a signal conditioning circuit.

[0062] S2: Transmit the adjusted lumen value signal to the body control module via hardwired signals, convert the lumen value signal from an analog signal to a digital signal using an analog-to-digital converter, and transmit the digital signal to the aperture adjustment controller via the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol.

[0063] S3: The aperture adjustment controller receives the digital signal from the body control module, calculates the ambient light intensity, reflectivity, and dynamic lighting conditions based on the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, and generates an aperture adjustment signal, including the opening / closing size and sliding position of the aperture, in combination with the target aperture parameters.

[0064] S4: Transmit the aperture adjustment signal to: the camera drive module, which adjusts the aperture parameters of the camera according to the aperture adjustment signal; and the electromagnetic drive module, which drives the aperture slider to move along the sliding track by applying a stepped voltage to adjust the position of the aperture mask.

[0065] S5: Use the aperture adjustment module to precisely adjust the position of the aperture mask, where: ensure the stability of the aperture mask within the adjustment range through a three-stage adjustment limit mechanism; and achieve a smooth transition of the aperture sliding position through a damping mechanism to ensure that the direction and accuracy of the aperture adjustment are consistent.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By continuously monitoring the ambient light intensity and combining with the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, the present invention calculates the optimal opening / closing degree and position of the aperture, realizes the automatic adjustment of the aperture, ensures that the camera always maintains the best image quality in strong light or weak light environments, and significantly improves the image clarity and stability. The electromagnetic drive module drives the aperture mask by applying different voltages to control the opening / closing degree and position of the aperture, and realizes the smooth adjustment of the aperture position through a three-stage adjustment limit mechanism and a damping mechanism to ensure the accuracy and gradualness during the aperture adjustment process. The aperture sliding track ensures the consistency of the adjustment accuracy and direction by controlling the forward and backward movement of the aperture, and avoids interference from vibrations to the aperture position. Through the coordinated operation among the body control module, the aperture adjustment controller, and the electromagnetic drive module, the signal transmission and processing process are more efficient and stable, ensuring the real-time and precise aperture adjustment. Using the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol for digital signal transmission makes the signal transmission more reliable and enables a quick response to changes in ambient light. In summary, by combining precise aperture control, intelligent algorithms, and electromagnetic drive technology, the present invention can automatically adjust the opening / closing degree and position of the aperture under different lighting conditions, improve the image quality and driving safety, and has broad application prospects and good market value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0068] Wherein:

[0069] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system modular structure of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the aperture adjustment component in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission framework of the vehicle camera system in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 4 It is an arrangement diagram of the components of the vehicle camera system in the embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] As Figure 1 shown, it is an embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment provides a vehicle camera aperture adjustment control system, including:

[0075] A light sensing component, which is used to detect the light intensity around the vehicle in real time, convert the light intensity into a corresponding lumen value signal through a photoelectric sensor, and after being processed by a signal conditioning circuit, transmit it to the body control component through a hard wire signal;

[0076] A body control component, which is used to receive the lumen value signal, and the lumen value signal is an analog signal or a digital signal; the lumen value signal is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter, and the converted digital signal is transmitted to the aperture adjustment controller through the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol;

[0077] In this embodiment, the body control component includes:

[0078] A signal conditioning unit, which is used to receive the current signal from the light sensing component and amplify and filter it; the amplifier is a low-noise operational amplifier that increases the intensity of the current signal to a range suitable for subsequent processing, and the filter is a low-pass filter used to remove the noise in the signal;

[0079] An analog-to-digital conversion unit, which is used to convert the analog signal conditioned by the signal conditioning unit into a digital signal. The operating frequency range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is from 1 kHz to 10 kHz, the resolution is at least 12 bits, and the conversion rate is 10 MS / s, which is used to provide a high-precision digital signal output and avoid the loss of light information during the conversion process;

[0080] A data processing unit, which is used to receive the digital signal from the analog-to-digital conversion unit and process the lumen value signal according to the ambient light change; the data processing unit calculates the dynamic opening degree and position of the aperture through the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM and generates an aperture adjustment control signal;

[0081] A signal transmission unit, which is used to transmit the aperture adjustment control signal to the aperture adjustment controller through the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol; the signal transmission unit ensures the data integrity and transmission speed during the digital signal transmission process.

[0082] Specifically, the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM realizes aperture adjustment through the following steps:

[0083] Obtain the ambient light information around the vehicle through the light sensing component and decompose it into ambient reflectivity and dynamic light conditions. The decomposition formula is:

[0084] I env (x) = R env (x) × S dynamic (x)

[0085] Where: I env (x) is the ambient light intensity; R env (x) is the reflectivity, indicating the light reflection characteristics of the surfaces of objects around the vehicle; S dynamic (x) is the dynamic light condition, indicating the changes in the light source intensity and distribution;

[0086] The dynamic light condition is realized through multi-scale processing of the Gaussian filter. The formula is:

[0087]

[0088] Where: f filter (x, y) is the dynamic light condition; k represents the index of the filtering layer; w k is the weight of the Gaussian filter, indicating the influence factor of different-scale filtering; σ kis the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter, which controls the filtering perception range; represents the attenuation characteristic of the Gaussian distribution in space. The larger the value, the smaller the weight; x and y are spatial coordinates, used to represent the pixel positions in the image; N is the number of filtering layers.

[0089] Further, optimize and generate the aperture adjustment signal through the following steps:

[0090] Utilize the environmental image within the camera's field of view, calculate the distance between the object and the camera through the image processing algorithm, and generate the depth information of the environment:

[0091] Based on the depth information of the environment, determine the normal direction of the object surface. The formula is:

[0092]

[0093] where: z(x) represents the depth information extracted from the environmental image, reflecting the relative distance from the object to the camera; represents the gradient of the depth, reflecting the direction of depth change; is the modulus of the gradient, used to normalize the normal direction;

[0094] Based on the dynamic lighting conditions and the normal direction of the object surface, generate the aperture adjustment signal through the dynamic diffusion model. The formula is:

[0095]

[0096] where: dx is the change amount of the aperture adjustment signal; f illum (x,t) is the light drift term, representing the drift of the light source intensity over time; g diffusion (t) is the diffusion coefficient, representing the response sensitivity of the diffusion model to dynamic lighting; is the gradient of the energy function; dω is the random perturbation in the dynamic lighting; t is the time variable;

[0097] Optimize the aperture adjustment signal through the energy function. The formula is:

[0098] E opt (x,t) = λ intensity × E intensity (x,t) + λ reflectivity × E reflectivity (x,t) + λ gradient × E gradient (x,t)

[0099] where: λ intensity 、 λ reflectivity 、 λ gradient are weight parameters, respectively representing the influence factors of light intensity, reflectivity, and gradient optimization; Eintensity (x, t) is the light intensity optimization term; E reflectivity (x, t) is the reflectivity optimization term; E gradient Target dynamic lighting conditions;

[0100] Generate the final aperture adjustment signal through a non - linear neural network, and the formula is:

[0101] y s = f NN (S dynamic (x), θ)

[0102] Where: y s is the aperture adjustment signal; f NN is the non - linear neural network function; θ is the neural network weight.

[0103] Specifically, the dynamic adjustment of the aperture is realized by optimizing the aperture response control signal, and the formula is:

[0104]

[0105] Where: y s (t) is the dynamic aperture adjustment signal; K p 、K i 、K d are control parameters; e(t) is the aperture error; represents the cumulative amount of the error and is used for integral control; represents the rate of change of the error and is used for differential control; is the diffusion model signal and is used to adapt to the change of dynamic ambient light.

[0106] In this embodiment, the special table of "Lumen value - Aperture size - Aperture distance" is used for calculation (example is as follows). Since the lens types and aperture parameters adopted by each camera manufacturer are inconsistent.

[0107]

[0108] Furthermore, the aperture adjustment controller is used to receive the CAN bus signal from the vehicle body control component, combine with the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, generate the dynamic opening degree and position of the aperture by calculating the ambient light intensity, reflectivity and dynamic lighting conditions, calculate the optimal opening size and sliding position of the aperture, and generate the aperture adjustment control signal;

[0109] Specifically, the aperture adjustment controller includes:

[0110] An aperture adjustment unit, configured to receive an aperture adjustment control signal from a body control unit, where the aperture adjustment control signal includes a target aperture opening degree, a position, and a position parameter; and generate a drive signal according to the control signal to adjust the opening degree and the sliding position of the aperture.

[0111] An aperture response unit, configured to drive an aperture sliding device to move forward and backward according to the aperture adjustment control signal; the aperture sliding device defines the sliding direction of the aperture through a linear guide rail and defines the aperture sliding range through a limit mechanism.

[0112] Further, a camera drive assembly, configured to receive the aperture adjustment control signal and adjust the aperture opening degree and the position of a camera according to the aperture adjustment control signal.

[0113] Specifically, the camera drive assembly includes:

[0114] A drive motor unit: including a stepper motor or a servo motor, configured to receive a drive signal from an aperture adjustment control unit, adjust the motor power output through a motor controller, and drive the camera to move forward and backward to adjust the position of the camera.

[0115] A position feedback unit: including an encoder or a Hall sensor, configured to detect the current position of the camera in real time and generate a position signal, where the position signal includes the current position information and the displacement direction information of the camera.

[0116] A drive control unit, configured to receive the position signal from the position feedback unit and adjust the output signal of the drive motor unit based on the signal; the drive control unit includes a closed-loop control circuit to ensure that the camera moves to the target position and maintains the adjustment accuracy.

[0117] Further, an electromagnetic drive assembly, configured to receive the aperture adjustment control signal, and push an aperture slider in an aperture sliding track to move by applying a stepped voltage to adjust the aperture opening degree and the position.

[0118] Specifically, the electromagnetic drive assembly includes:

[0119] An electromagnetic drive unit, which generates a magnetic field by adjusting current or voltage to drive an aperture mask to move forward and backward along the sliding track; the electromagnetic drive unit includes a linear electromagnet, configured to adjust the aperture opening degree and the position, independent of the movement operation of the camera.

[0120] An electromagnetic control unit, configured to receive a control signal from the aperture adjustment control unit, control the current output of the electromagnetic drive unit through PWM modulation, and adjust the opening position of the aperture.

[0121] The feedback sensing unit, including a photoelectric sensor or a Hall effect sensor, is used to monitor the position of the aperture mask in real time and generate an aperture position signal; the position signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic control unit, and the electromagnetic control unit adjusts the output current of the electromagnetic drive unit based on the feedback position signal.

[0122] Further, the aperture adjustment assembly, including an aperture mask, a three-stage adjustment limiting mechanism, and an aperture sliding track, is used to adjust the aperture opening degree and position, and achieve smooth adjustment through a damping mechanism;

[0123] Among them, the electromagnetic drive assembly pushes or pulls the aperture mask by applying different voltages to adjust the aperture opening degree and position within the adjustment range of the aperture;

[0124] The aperture three-stage adjustment limiting mechanism includes a mechanical spring limiting or magnetic attraction limiting component to ensure the stability of the aperture mask within the adjustment range and reduce the interference of external vibrations on the aperture position;

[0125] The aperture sliding track adjusts the front-back movement of the aperture, keeps the adjustment accuracy and direction consistent, and achieves the gradualness and accuracy of the aperture position adjustment through a damping mechanism.

[0126] Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for controlling the aperture adjustment of an automotive camera, including the following steps:

[0127] S1: The light intensity around the vehicle is detected in real time through a light sensing component, the light intensity is converted into a corresponding lumen value signal by a photoelectric sensor, and the lumen value signal is amplified and filtered through a signal conditioning circuit.

[0128] S2: The conditioned lumen value signal is transmitted to the body control component through a hardwired signal, the lumen value signal is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and the digital signal is transmitted to the aperture adjustment controller through the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol.

[0129] S3: The aperture adjustment controller receives the digital signal from the body control component, calculates the ambient light intensity, reflectivity, and dynamic lighting conditions based on the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, and combines the target aperture parameters to generate an aperture adjustment signal, including the opening size and sliding position of the aperture.

[0130] S4: The aperture adjustment signal is respectively transmitted to: the camera drive component, which adjusts the aperture parameters of the camera according to the aperture adjustment signal; the electromagnetic drive component, which drives the aperture slider to move along the sliding track by applying a stepped voltage to adjust the position of the aperture mask.

[0131] S5: Use the aperture adjustment component to precisely adjust the position of the aperture mask, where: Ensure the stability of the aperture mask within the adjustment range through a three - stage adjustment limit mechanism; Achieve a smooth transition of the aperture sliding position through a damping mechanism to ensure that the direction and accuracy of aperture adjustment are consistent.

[0132] Embodiment 2

[0133] As Figure 2 shown, it demonstrates the working principle and system composition of aperture adjustment. The main components of the system are as follows: Convex lens: The convex lens is located at the front end of the camera aperture adjustment system and has the characteristics of dust - proof, waterproof, and light - transmitting. Its main function is to protect the precision components inside the camera and guide light into the aperture according to the refraction principle.

[0134] Front lens group: According to the optical principle, the front lens group refracts the incoming light to the aperture, providing light for subsequent aperture adjustment. The design of the front lens group enables the light to evenly illuminate the aperture, ensuring the quality of image acquisition.

[0135] Aperture mask: The aperture mask controls the amount of incoming light refracted to the aperture by the front lens group. According to the change in light intensity, the aperture mask adjusts its position to control the amount of light passing through the aperture. The aperture mask can adapt to different lighting environments to ensure the clarity of the image.

[0136] Aperture: The aperture is the light - entering channel of the camera, and light passes through the aperture into the photosensitive element of the camera. The size of the aperture directly affects the brightness of the image captured by the camera. A large aperture allows more light to enter, making the picture brighter; a small aperture restricts the amount of light, making the picture darker. The system automatically adjusts the aperture size according to the ambient light intensity.

[0137] Aperture stretching mechanism: The aperture stretching mechanism includes a spring, an electromagnetic drive structure for adjusting the aperture size, a damper, a three - stage adjustment limit mechanism for the aperture, and an aperture mask. Through the electromagnetic drive structure and the three - stage limit mechanism, the system can adjust the aperture size according to the ambient brightness, thereby achieving precise control of the light - entering amount. A larger aperture can provide more light, while a smaller aperture reduces the light - entering amount and lowers the picture brightness. The aperture stretching mechanism ensures the stability and accuracy of the aperture and smoothly adjusts the aperture through the damping mechanism.

[0138] Aperture sliding mechanism: The aperture sliding mechanism includes an aperture sliding track and an electromagnetic drive structure for moving the aperture forward and backward. When the ambient light intensity is low, the aperture moves forward through electromagnetic drive to increase the light - entering amount and provide a brighter picture; when the environment is brighter, the aperture moves backward to reduce the light - entering amount, lower the picture brightness, and reduce the glare on the screen. The aperture sliding mechanism can smoothly adjust the front - and - back position of the aperture to ensure a smooth transition of the image brightness.

[0139] Image sensor: The image sensor is a photosensitive element that is responsible for converting optical signals into electrical signals and transmitting them to the subsequent image processing system. The quality and response speed of the image sensor directly affect the image quality. Other components in the system ensure that the image sensor obtains the best lighting conditions by precisely controlling the aperture.

[0140] PCB (Printed Circuit Board): The PCB serves as the core circuit carrier of the system, responsible for power supply, control, and signal processing. All control components, signal processing components, and signal transmission components are integrated on the PCB, which is a key part of signal transmission in the system. Housing: The housing protects the camera and its internal components, with functions such as dustproof and waterproof, ensuring the stable operation of the system in complex environments.

[0141] Wiring harness: The wiring harness is used to transmit the image signals collected by the camera to the in-vehicle display screen and other controllers through cables, ensuring that the image data can be transmitted in a timely manner for the driver's reference.

[0142] With the above structure, the system can automatically adjust the size and position of the aperture according to the real-time change of light intensity, ensuring that the camera always provides the best image quality in different lighting environments, thereby improving driving safety and user experience.

[0143] As Figure 3 shown, it demonstrates the signal flow and interaction relationships among the components of the system, which are specifically described as follows:

[0144] Light sensor: It detects the external light intensity in real time, and after collecting data, transmits the signal to the body control component to provide environmental information for aperture adjustment.

[0145] Body control component: Receives the signal from the light sensor, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and then transmits it to the intelligent controller through the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol.

[0146] Intelligent controller: Based on the signal from the body control component, calculates the optimal opening degree and position of the aperture through the Intelligent Dynamic Aperture Control Model IDACM, and generates an aperture adjustment control signal, which is transmitted to the camera drive module.

[0147] Camera drive module: According to the signal sent by the intelligent controller, precisely adjusts the opening degree and position of the aperture to ensure that the camera maintains the best working state.

[0148] Electromagnetic drive module: Drives the adjustment of the aperture by receiving the adjustment signal. The electromagnetic drive module adjusts the aperture mask position according to different voltages to ensure the precise adjustment of the aperture.

[0149] Other Controllers: Through transmission protocols such as Ethernet, LVDS, and CVBS, cooperate with other vehicle systems to ensure the integration and collaboration of the camera system with other in-vehicle systems.

[0150] Sensor and Display Signal Transmission: The system transmits the camera images to the display or other controllers via LVDS / CVBS signals based on the data collected by the sensors, providing real-time images of the external vehicle environment.

[0151] Through the coordinated cooperation among various modules, this system framework ensures that the dynamic adjustment of the aperture can be adaptively carried out according to different lighting environments, improving the image quality of the camera and enhancing the driver's safe driving experience.

[0152] As Figure 4 shown, it demonstrates the layout of the main components of the system and the signal transmission path. The specific function descriptions are as follows: Camera (marked as blue dots): The camera is installed at multiple positions on the vehicle and is responsible for real-time acquisition of image information outside the vehicle. The position and field of view of the camera can be arranged according to the specific requirements of the vehicle to ensure comprehensive monitoring of the external vehicle environment.

[0153] Sunlight Sensor (marked as yellow dots): The sunlight sensor continuously detects the light intensity around the vehicle, converts the light information into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the body control component. The position of this sensor is usually arranged on the roof or other suitable positions to ensure accurate detection of external light changes.

[0154] Intelligent Controller (marked as gray rectangular box): The intelligent controller receives signals from the body controller and calculates the optimal adjustment parameters for the aperture based on the light intensity. Through the Intelligent Dynamic Aperture Control Model IDACM, the intelligent controller generates adjustment signals to guide the opening degree and position change of the aperture.

[0155] Body Controller (marked as green rectangular box): The body controller receives signals from the sunlight sensor, converts the light intensity into a digital signal, and transmits it to the intelligent controller. The main function of this controller is to cooperate with other controllers for signal processing and transmission.

[0156] Cockpit Controller (marked as orange rectangular box): The cockpit controller is mainly responsible for managing the transmission of various display devices and control signals inside the vehicle. It exchanges information with the intelligent controller, camera, and other modules to ensure that the image signals of the camera system can be smoothly transmitted to the display screen or other in-vehicle systems.

[0157] Signal Transmission: Through signal transmission protocols such as CAN bus, Ethernet, LVDS, and CVBS, the system ensures the stable transmission of signals from the camera sensor to each control module, and guarantees the real-time and accuracy of the signals.

[0158] Through the cooperation of these modules, the system can dynamically adjust the opening degree and position of the aperture according to the real-time lighting conditions, ensuring that the camera always maintains the best image quality in strong light and low light environments. The efficient signal transmission and intelligent control of the system architecture make the entire aperture adjustment process more flexible and precise, improving the stability of image acquisition and the image quality.

[0159] In summary, the present invention provides an innovative automotive camera aperture adjustment control system and method. By combining the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM with electromagnetic drive technology, it can accurately adjust the opening degree and position of the aperture, overcoming the problem in the prior art of being unable to adapt to different lighting conditions. Through the light sensor, the ambient light intensity is detected in real time and transmitted to the body control component, and the system can dynamically calculate and adjust the aperture opening degree, thus maintaining the clarity and stability of the image in strong light or low light environments.

[0160] The creativity of the present invention lies in the following aspects: First, the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM is utilized. This model combines the ambient light intensity, reflectivity, and dynamic lighting conditions, and calculates and generates the optimal opening degree and position of the aperture through algorithms. Compared with the traditional fixed aperture design, the present invention has higher adaptability and flexibility. Second, an electromagnetic drive component is adopted for precise adjustment of the aperture, which not only improves the flexibility of aperture adjustment but also realizes precise control of the aperture opening degree and position by applying different voltages to push the aperture slider. This control method significantly improves the response speed and adjustment accuracy of the system.

[0161] In addition, the aperture adjustment component of the present invention includes a three-stage adjustment limit mechanism and a damping mechanism, which can maintain a smooth transition during the aperture adjustment process and avoid the influence of vibration on the aperture position. This design effectively solves the problem of vibration interference that may occur in the traditional mechanical aperture adjustment system during vehicle driving, ensuring the stability and accuracy of aperture adjustment.

[0162] Through the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol, the system can achieve reliable and real-time signal transmission, making the response of aperture adjustment faster, and can dynamically adjust the aperture opening degree and position according to environmental changes. The system architecture of the present invention is simple and efficient, which can not only meet the usage requirements of automotive cameras in various complex lighting environments but also improve the quality of image acquisition and driving safety.

[0163] Therefore, the present invention not only solves the problems of unstable image quality and inaccurate aperture adjustment existing in the existing automotive camera system, but also significantly improves the adaptability and accuracy of the camera under different lighting conditions through the combination of intelligent control and electromagnetic drive technology. It has extremely high innovation and practical application value, is suitable for wide application in the field of automotive cameras, and has high technical promotion value.

[0164] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0165] Any process or method description shown in the flowchart or described in other ways herein can be understood to represent a module, segment, or part of code including one or more executable instructions for implementing a specific logical function or process. And the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations, where the functions can be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved, rather than in the order shown or discussed.

[0166] As described above, this is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automobile camera aperture adjustment control system, characterized in that: include: The light sensor component is used to detect the light intensity around the vehicle in real time, and convert the light intensity into a corresponding lumen value signal through a photoelectric sensor. After being processed by a signal conditioning circuit, it is transmitted to the body control component through a hard-wired signal; A body control component is used to receive a lumen value signal, wherein the lumen value signal is an analog signal or a digital signal; the lumen value signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, and the converted digital signal is transmitted to the aperture adjustment controller via a CAN bus or a CANFD bus protocol; The aperture adjustment controller is used to receive the CAN bus signal from the body control component, and in combination with the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, generates the dynamic aperture opening and closing degree and position by calculating the ambient light intensity, reflectivity and dynamic lighting conditions, calculates the optimal aperture opening and closing size and sliding position, and generates an aperture adjustment control signal; A camera driving component, used to receive the aperture adjustment control signal and adjust the aperture opening and position of the camera according to the aperture adjustment control signal; The electromagnetic drive component is used to receive the aperture adjustment control signal, and to push the aperture slider in the aperture sliding track to move by applying a graded voltage to adjust the aperture opening and position; The aperture adjustment assembly includes an aperture mask, a three-speed adjustment limit mechanism and an aperture sliding track, which is used to adjust the aperture opening and closing degree and position, and realize smooth adjustment through a damping mechanism; Wherein, the electromagnetic drive component pushes or pulls the aperture mask by applying different voltages to adjust the aperture opening and position within the aperture adjustment range; The aperture three-speed adjustment limit mechanism includes a mechanical spring limit or a magnetic limit component to ensure the stability of the aperture mask within the adjustment range and reduce the interference of external vibration on the aperture position; The aperture sliding track controls the forward and backward movement of the aperture to keep the adjustment accuracy and direction consistent, and realizes the gradualness and accuracy of the aperture position adjustment through the damping mechanism.

2. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The body control assembly includes: The signal conditioning unit is used to receive the current signal from the light sensor component and amplify and filter it; the amplifier is a low-noise operational amplifier, which increases the intensity of the current signal to a range suitable for subsequent processing, and the filter is a low-pass filter, which is used to remove noise in the signal; An analog-to-digital conversion unit, used to convert the analog signal after signal conditioning into a digital signal, wherein the operating frequency range of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is 1kHz to 10kHz, the resolution is at least 12 bits, and the conversion rate is 10MS / s, and is used to provide a high-precision digital signal output to avoid the loss of light information during the conversion process; A data processing unit is used to receive the digital signal from the analog-to-digital conversion unit and process the lumen value signal according to the change of ambient light; the data processing unit calculates the dynamic opening and closing degree and position of the aperture through the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, and generates an aperture adjustment control signal; The signal transmission unit is used to transmit the aperture adjustment control signal to the aperture adjustment controller via the CAN bus or CANFD bus protocol; the signal transmission unit ensures the data integrity and transmission speed during the digital signal transmission process.

3. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM implements aperture adjustment through the following steps: The ambient light information around the vehicle is obtained through the light sensing component and decomposed into ambient reflectivity and dynamic light conditions. The decomposition formula is: I env (x)=R env (x)×S dynamic (x); Where: I env (x) is the ambient light intensity; R env (x) is the reflectivity, which indicates the characteristics of light reflected from the surface of objects around the vehicle; S dynamic (x) is the dynamic lighting condition, indicating the change of light source intensity and distribution; The dynamic lighting condition is achieved through multi-scale processing of Gaussian filter, and the formula is: Where: f filter (x, y) is the dynamic lighting condition; k is the index of the filter layer; w k is the weight of Gaussian filtering, which indicates the influence factor of filtering at different scales; σ k is the standard deviation of the Gaussian filter, which controls the filter perception range; Represents the attenuation characteristics of Gaussian distribution in space. The larger the value, the smaller the weight. x, y are spatial coordinates used to represent the pixel position in the image. N is the number of filter layers.

4. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aperture adjustment signal is optimized and generated by the following steps: Using the environmental image within the camera's field of view, the distance between the object and the camera is calculated through image processing algorithms to generate the depth information of the environment: Based on the depth information of the environment, the normal direction of the object surface is determined using the formula: Where: z(x) represents the depth information extracted from the environment image, reflecting the relative distance from the object to the camera; Indicates the gradient of depth, reflecting the direction of depth change; is the modulus of the gradient, used to normalize the normal direction; Based on the dynamic lighting conditions and the normal direction of the object surface, the aperture adjustment signal is generated through the dynamic diffusion model. The formula is: Where: dx is the change of the aperture adjustment signal; f illum (x, t) is the light drift term, which indicates the drift of light source intensity over time; g diffusion (t) is the diffusion coefficient, which represents the sensitivity of the diffusion model to dynamic illumination; is the gradient of the energy function; dω is the random perturbation in dynamic illumination; t is the time variable; The aperture adjustment signal is optimized by the energy function, and the formula is: E opt (x,t)=λ intensity ×E intensity (x,t)+λ reflectivity ×E reflectivity (x,t)+λ gradient ×E gradient (x,t) Where: intensity , reflectivity , gradient are weight parameters, representing the influencing factors of light intensity, reflectivity and gradient optimization respectively; E intensity (x, t) is the light intensity optimization term; E reflectivity (x, t) is the reflectivity optimization term; E gradient Target dynamic lighting conditions; The final aperture adjustment signal is generated by a nonlinear neural network, and the formula is: y s =f NN (S dynamic (x),θ) Where: y s is the aperture adjustment signal; f NN is a nonlinear neural network function; θ is the neural network weight.

5. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dynamic adjustment of the aperture is achieved by optimizing the aperture response control signal. The formula is: Where: y s (t) is the dynamic aperture adjustment signal; K p , K i , K d is the control parameter; e(t) is the aperture error; Indicates the accumulated amount of error, used for integral control; Indicates the rate of change of error, used for differential control; It is a diffusion model signal, which is used to adapt to the changes of dynamic environment lighting.

6. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture adjustment controller comprises: An aperture adjustment unit is used to receive an aperture adjustment control signal from a vehicle body control unit, wherein the aperture adjustment control signal includes a target aperture opening degree, position and position parameters; and generate a driving signal to adjust the aperture opening degree and sliding position according to the control signal; The aperture response unit is used to drive the aperture sliding device to move forward and backward according to the aperture adjustment control signal; the aperture sliding device limits the sliding direction of the aperture through a linear guide rail and limits the sliding range of the aperture through a limiting mechanism.

7. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera driving component comprises: Driving motor unit: including a stepping motor or a servo motor, used to receive a driving signal from the aperture adjustment control unit, adjust the motor power output through the motor controller, and drive the camera to move forward and backward to adjust the position of the camera; Position feedback unit: including an encoder or a Hall sensor, used to detect the current position of the camera in real time and generate a position signal, wherein the position signal includes the current position information and displacement direction information of the camera; The drive control unit is used to receive the position signal from the position feedback unit and adjust the output signal of the drive motor unit based on the signal; the drive control unit includes a closed-loop control circuit to ensure that the camera moves to the target position and maintains the adjustment accuracy.

8. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic drive assembly comprises: The electromagnetic drive unit generates a magnetic field by adjusting the current or voltage to drive the aperture mask to move forward and backward along the sliding track; the electromagnetic drive unit includes a linear electromagnet, which is used to adjust the aperture opening and closing degree and position, and is independent of the movement operation of the camera; The electromagnetic control unit is used to receive the control signal from the aperture adjustment control unit, control the current output of the electromagnetic drive unit through PWM modulation, and adjust the opening and closing position of the aperture; The feedback sensing unit includes a photoelectric sensor or a Hall effect sensor, which is used to monitor the position of the aperture mask in real time and generate an aperture position signal; the position signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic control unit, and the electromagnetic control unit adjusts the output current of the electromagnetic drive unit based on the feedback position signal.

9. The automotive camera aperture adjustment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture adjustment component comprises: An aperture adjustment control unit is used to receive an aperture control signal from a vehicle body control unit, wherein the aperture control signal includes a target aperture opening, position, and front-back position parameters; the aperture adjustment control unit generates a motor drive signal according to the aperture control signal; The aperture response unit includes a motor drive system and an aperture sliding track. The motor drive system receives a motor drive signal and controls the aperture mask position in the aperture sliding track by adjusting the output current. The aperture response unit includes a closed-loop control circuit, which adjusts the motor drive signal through a sensor feedback signal.

10. A method for adjusting and controlling the aperture of a car camera as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The light intensity around the vehicle is detected in real time through the light sensor component, the light intensity is converted into a corresponding lumen value signal using a photoelectric sensor, and the lumen value signal is amplified and filtered through a signal conditioning circuit. S2: Transmit the conditioned lumen value signal to the body control component via a hard-wire signal, convert the lumen value signal from an analog signal to a digital signal using an analog-to-digital converter, and transmit the digital signal to the aperture adjustment controller via a CAN bus or a CANFD bus protocol. S3: The aperture adjustment controller receives the digital signal from the body control component, calculates the ambient light intensity, reflectivity and dynamic lighting conditions based on the intelligent dynamic aperture control model IDACM, and generates an aperture adjustment signal including the aperture opening and closing size and sliding position in combination with the target aperture parameters. S4: The aperture adjustment signal is transmitted to: a camera driving component, which adjusts the aperture parameters of the camera according to the aperture adjustment signal; and an electromagnetic driving component, which drives the aperture slider to move along the sliding track by applying a graded voltage to adjust the position of the aperture mask. S5: using the aperture adjustment component to accurately adjust the position of the aperture mask, wherein: a three-stage adjustment limit mechanism is used to ensure the stability of the aperture mask within the adjustment range; The damping mechanism achieves a smooth transition of the aperture sliding position, ensuring that the direction and accuracy of aperture adjustment remain consistent.

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