Switching device, power distribution assembly, battery pack, electric equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a switching device, a power distribution assembly, a battery pack, electric equipment and a control method thereof, the switching device comprises a plurality of static contacts, a first switching piece and a second switching piece, the plurality of static contacts comprise a first contact, a second contact, a third contact and a fourth contact, the first contact and the third contact are used for being connected with first power supply equipment, and the fourth contact is used for being connected with second power supply equipment. The second contact and the fourth contact are used for being connected with second power supply equipment; the first switching piece can move and is provided with a first position and a second position, at the first position, the first switching piece is connected with the first contact and the second contact and is connected with the third contact and the fourth contact, and the first power supply equipment and the second power supply equipment are connected in parallel; and the second switching piece can move and has a third position and a fourth position, at the third position, the second switching piece is connected with the second contact and the third contact, and the first power supply equipment and the second power supply equipment are connected in series. The switching device is simple in structure, high in integration level, low in cost, light in weight and small in occupied space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a switching device, a power distribution component, a battery pack, an electrical equipment and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] To meet the requirements of fast charging and long endurance of the battery pack, the voltage platform of the battery pack has been gradually increased. However, due to different usage requirements, the battery pack needs to be switched between different voltage platforms. In the related art, the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device is realized through three contactors. For example, both the first power supply device and the second power supply device are 400V battery modules. By switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, the working requirements of the 400V platform and the 800V platform of the battery pack can be realized. However, this method has the following defects:

[0003] 1. Using three contactors for series-parallel switching, the wiring and cabling design is complex, resulting in high structural complexity.

[0004] 2. Three contactors need to be interconnected through a large number of copper bars (such as connecting copper bars and fixing copper bars). The large number of copper bars increases the weight and cost of the overall structure and affects heat dissipation. At the same time, a total of six high-voltage contacts and six low-voltage control interfaces are required for the three contactors, resulting in high space occupation and high hardware requirements.

[0005] 3. To ensure the sequential operation of the three contactors, precise control logic needs to be implemented. The control logic is relatively complex, increasing the control difficulty and reducing the reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a switching device, which has a simple structure, high integration, low cost, light weight and small space occupation.

[0007] The present invention also provides a power distribution component, which includes the above-mentioned switching device.

[0008] The present invention also provides a battery pack, which includes the above-mentioned power distribution component.

[0009] The present invention also provides an electrical equipment, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0010] The present invention also provides a control method for the electrical equipment, where the electrical equipment is the above-mentioned electrical equipment.

[0011] The switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of static contacts, a first switching member, and a second switching member. The plurality of static contacts include a first contact, a second contact, a third contact, and a fourth contact. The first contact and the third contact are used to connect to a first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact are used to connect to a second power supply device. The first switching member is movable and has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first switching member connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel. In the second position, the first switching member is spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact. The second switching member is movable and has a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the second switching member connects the second contact and the third contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series. In the fourth position, the second switching member is spaced apart from the second contact and the third contact.

[0012] For the switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first contact and the third contact are used to connect to a first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact are used to connect to a second power supply device. When the first switching member is in the first position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel, which can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements. When the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, resulting in a small flowing current and low heat generation, meeting the required usage requirements. When the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, achieving the open-circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series and parallel of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art. The structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be reduced conveniently.

[0013] In addition, the switching device according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first switching member includes a first sub-switching member and a second sub-switching member. The first sub-switching member and the second sub-switching member are movable. In the first position, the first sub-switching member connects the first contact and the second contact, and the second sub-switching member connects the third contact and the fourth contact. In the second position, the first sub-switching member is spaced apart from the first contact and the second contact, and the second sub-switching member is spaced apart from the third contact and the fourth contact.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first contact and the second contact are arranged at intervals in sequence in the moving direction of the first sub-switching member, and the fourth contact and the third contact are arranged at intervals in sequence in the moving direction of the second sub-switching member.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first switching member includes a first connecting portion, a first moving contact and a second moving contact. The first connecting portion extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact. The first moving contact and the second moving contact are connected to two ends in the length direction of the first connecting portion. The first moving contact is adapted to be connected to the first contact, and the second moving contact is adapted to be connected to the second contact. The first moving contact is arranged between the first contact and the second contact, and the second moving contact is arranged at an end of the second contact away from the first contact. And / or, the second sub-switching member includes a second connecting portion, a third moving contact and a fourth moving contact. The second connecting portion extends along the arrangement direction of the third contact and the fourth contact. The third moving contact and the fourth moving contact are connected to two ends in the length direction of the second connecting portion. The third moving contact is adapted to be connected to the fourth contact, and the fourth moving contact is adapted to be connected to the third contact. The third moving contact is arranged between the third contact and the fourth contact, and the fourth moving contact is arranged at an end of the third contact away from the fourth contact.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second switching member is located between the first moving contact and the second moving contact.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the switching device further includes a driving mechanism for driving the first switching member to move between the first position and the second position, and the second switching member to move between the third position and the fourth position.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a first magnetic portion, a second magnetic portion and a third magnetic portion. The first magnetic portion, the third magnetic portion and the second magnetic portion are arranged at intervals in sequence along the direction from the first contact to the second contact. Along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first magnetic portion and the second magnetic portion close to each other are the same. The polarity of the magnetic pole of the third magnetic portion can be changed to drive the first magnetic portion and the second magnetic portion to approach or move away from the third magnetic portion. The first magnetic portion is connected to the first switching member to drive the first switching member to move between the first position and the second position, and the second magnetic portion is connected to the second switching member to drive the second switching member to move between the third position and the fourth position.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving mechanism further includes a first slide rail and a second slide rail. The first slide rail extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, and the first magnetic part is slidable along the length direction of the first slide rail; the second slide rail extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, and the second magnetic part is slidable along the length direction of the second slide rail.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, elastic members are provided on the sides of the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part close to each other, and the elastic members are used to drive the first switching member and the second switching member to move towards the direction close to the third magnetic part.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the third magnetic part includes an iron core and a coil. The iron core extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact; the coil surrounds the iron core along the arrangement direction of the first contact and the second contact, and both ends of the coil are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply interface. When the current direction of the coil is switched, the magnetic poles at both ends of the iron core change.

[0023] The power distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first power supply device and a second power supply device; a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first contact and the third contact are connected to the first power supply device, the second contact and the fourth contact are connected to the second power supply device. In the first position, the first switching member connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel. In the second position, the first switching member is spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact and the fourth contact; in the third position, the second switching member connects the second contact and the third contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series. In the fourth position, the second switching member is spaced apart from the second contact and the third contact.

[0024] For the power distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first contact and the third contact are used to connect to the first power supply device, the second contact and the fourth contact are used to connect to the second power supply device. In the first position, the first switching member connects the first contact and the second contact and connects the third contact and the fourth contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel; in the third position, the second switching member connects the second contact and the third contact, and the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series, which can realize the switching between series and parallel of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art, with a simple structure, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0025] The battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power distribution component according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] The battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to connect to a first power supply device through a first contact and a third contact, and to a second power supply device through a second contact and a fourth contact. When the first switching member is in the first position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel, which can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, resulting in a small current flowing through and low heat generation, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, achieving the open - circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series and parallel connections of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art. The structure is simple, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0027] The electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present invention; an electrical component, one end of which is connected to the first contact and the other end is connected to the fourth contact.

[0028] The electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to connect to a first power supply device through a first contact and a third contact, and to a second power supply device through a second contact and a fourth contact. When the first switching member is in the first position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel, which can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, resulting in a small current flowing through and low heat generation, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member is in the second position and the second switching member is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, achieving the open - circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series and parallel connections of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art. The structure is simple, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0029] A control method for an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the electrical device is the electrical device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the control method includes: obtaining the required voltage of the electrical component; controlling the first power supply device and the second power supply device to be connected in series or in parallel through the first switching component according to the required voltage of the electrical component.

[0030] A control method for an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the first contact and the third contact are used to connect to the first power supply device, and the second contact and the fourth contact are used to connect to the second power supply device. When the first switching component is in the first position and the second switching component is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel, which can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching component is in the second position and the second switching component is in the third position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, making the flowing current small and the heat generation low, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching component is in the second position and the second switching component is in the fourth position, the first power supply device and the second power supply device are disconnected, achieving the open-circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series and parallel connections of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, avoiding the need for three contactors to achieve control in the related art. The structure is simple, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method includes:

[0032] Determine that the first power supply device and the second power supply device adopt a series connection method;

[0033] Control the second switching component to be connected to the second contact and the third contact, and the first switching component to be spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact;

[0034] Determine that M1 is less than or equal to the first threshold, where M1 is the potential difference between the third contact and the second contact;

[0035] Determine that the connection is normal when the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in series connection.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method further includes:

[0037] Determine that the first power supply device and the second power supply device adopt a parallel connection method;

[0038] Control the first switching element to connect the first contact and the second contact and connect the third contact and the fourth contact, and control the second switching element to be spaced apart from both the second contact and the third contact;

[0039] Determine that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact and the second contact, and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact and the fourth contact;

[0040] Determine that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold;

[0041] Determine that the connection is normal when the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method further includes:

[0043] Obtain the power-off signal of the electrical component;

[0044] Control the coil to be powered off;

[0045] Determine that M2 is greater than or equal to a fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold;

[0046] Determine that the power-off of the electrical component is normal.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method further includes:

[0048] Determine that the first power supply device and the second power supply device adopt a parallel connection method;

[0049] Control the first switching element to connect the first contact and the second contact and connect the third contact and the fourth contact, and control the second switching element to be spaced apart from both the second contact and the third contact;

[0050] Determine that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact and the second contact, and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact and the fourth contact;

[0051] Determine that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold;

[0052] Determine that the connection is normal when the first power supply device and the second power supply device are in parallel connection.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method further includes:

[0054] Determine that the first power supply device and the second power supply device adopt a series connection method;

[0055] Control the first switching member to be spaced apart from the first contact, the second contact, the third contact, and the fourth contact;

[0056] Determine that M2 is greater than or equal to a fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold;

[0057] Control the second switching member to be connected to the second contact and the third contact;

[0058] Determine that M1 is less than or equal to a first threshold;

[0059] Determine that the connection is normal when the first power supply device and the second power supply device are connected in series.

[0060] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0061] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the third magnetic part is in an unpowered state;

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the third magnetic part is in a repulsive state with the first magnetic part;

[0064] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the third magnetic part is in a repulsive state with the second magnetic part;

[0065] Figure 4 is a front view of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 is a rear view of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention (wherein the first housing and the second housing are not shown);

[0067] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a disconnected state;

[0068] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a parallel state;

[0069] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a series state;

[0070] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of a winding direction of a coil of a driving mechanism of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 10 It is another schematic diagram of a winding direction of a coil of a driving mechanism of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 11 It is a flowchart of a control method for an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Reference numerals:

[0074] 100, switching device; 200, first power supply device; 300, second power supply device; 400, electrical component;

[0075] 10, stationary contact; 11, first contact; 12, second contact; 13, third contact; 14, fourth contact;

[0076] 20, first switching member; 21, first sub-switching member; 22, second sub-switching member; 211, first connecting portion; 212, first moving contact; 213, second moving contact; 221, second connecting portion; 222, third moving contact; 223, fourth moving contact;

[0077] 30, second switching member;

[0078] 40, driving mechanism; 41, first magnetic portion; 42, second magnetic portion; 43, third magnetic portion; 431, iron core; 432, coil;

[0079] 50, elastic member; 60, first slide rail; 70, second slide rail;

[0080] 61, first housing; 62, second housing; 621, low-voltage power supply interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0084] Next, reference is made to Figures 1-10 describe the switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] As Figure 1 shown, the switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of stationary contacts 10, a first switching member 20, and a second switching member 30.

[0086] Specifically, as Figures 1-3 shown, the plurality of stationary contacts 10 include a first contact 11, a second contact 12, a third contact 13, and a fourth contact 14. The first contact 11 and the third contact 13 can be connected to the first power supply device 200, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 can be connected to the second power supply device 300, so as to meet the connection requirements of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 with the switching device 100.

[0087] To meet the requirements of fast charging and long endurance of the battery pack, the voltage platform of the battery pack has been gradually increased. However, due to different usage requirements, the battery pack needs to be switched between different voltage platforms. In related technologies, the switching between series and parallel connections of the first power supply device and the second power supply device is achieved through three contactors. For example, both the first power supply device and the second power supply device are 400V battery modules. By switching between series and parallel connections of the first power supply device and the second power supply device, the working requirements of the 400V platform and the 800V platform of the battery pack can be realized. However, this method has the following defects:

[0088] 1. Using three contactors for series and parallel switching, the wiring and routing design are complex, resulting in high structural complexity.

[0089] 2. The three contactors need to be interconnected through a large number of copper bars (such as connecting copper bars and fixing copper bars). The large number of copper bars increases the weight and cost of the overall structure and affects heat dissipation. At the same time, the three contactors require a total of six high-voltage contacts and six low-voltage control interfaces, resulting in high space occupancy and high hardware requirements.

[0090] 3. To ensure the sequential operation of the three contactors, precise control logic is required. The control logic is relatively complex, increasing the control difficulty and reducing the reliability.

[0091] Therefore, as Figures 1-3 shown, in the present invention, the switching device 100 further includes a first switching member 20. The first switching member 20 is movable and has a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first switching member 20 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel, which can increase the power while ensuring the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements. In the second position, the first switching member 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, and the fourth contact 14, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300.

[0092] As Figures 1-3 shown, the switching device 100 further includes a second switching member 30. The second switching member 30 is movable and has a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the second switching member 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, resulting in a small current flowing through and low heat generation, meeting the required usage requirements. In the fourth position, the second switching member 30 is spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300.

[0093] When the first switching member 20 is in the first position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel, and the power can be increased while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series, and the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, so that the flowing current is small and the heat generation is low, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, achieving the open circuit effect of the switching device.

[0094] Through the switching device 100 of the present invention, the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be realized, and the need for three contactors in the related art for control can be avoided, reducing the use of contactors and structures such as connection busbars, busbar fixing structural parts, components, mounting brackets, and control modules. Therefore, the material and maintenance costs can be reduced, and at the same time, the number of wirings and detection points can be reduced, the complexity can be reduced, the circuit design and installation can be simplified, which is beneficial to improving the integration degree, the structure is compact, and the space is saved. At the same time, due to the reduction of contactors in the related art, the structures such as coils 432, contacts, housings, and heat dissipation components included in the contactors can be reduced, the use of materials can be reduced, and the weight of the battery pack can be easily reduced. Thus, the switching device 100 of the present invention has a higher integration degree, lower cost, lighter weight, and higher energy density.

[0095] In some embodiments, both the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are 400V battery modules. When the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series, the working requirements of the 800V platform of the battery pack are realized, the charging speed can be increased, a higher voltage platform can reduce the charging current, reduce the heat generation loss during charging, contribute to improving the charging efficiency, and support higher power output, such as improving the acceleration performance and power response of the vehicle; when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel, the working requirements of the 400V platform of the battery pack are realized, the charging requirements of a 400V charging pile can be met, and the 400V usage requirements of other structures can be met, such as meeting the power consumption requirements of electric vehicle subsystems, electronic devices, or accessories.

[0096] The switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to connect to a first power supply device 200 through a first contact 11 and a third contact 13, and to a second power supply device 300 through a second contact 12 and a fourth contact 14. When the first switching member 20 is in the first position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, which can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, which can increase the voltage of the battery pack, resulting in a small current flowing through and low heat generation, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, achieving the open - circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art. The structure is simple, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the first switching member 20 includes a first sub - switching member 21 and a second sub - switching member 22. The first sub - switching member 21 and the second sub - switching member 22 are movable. In the first position, the first sub - switching member 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub - switching member 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, which can achieve the required connection requirements, making the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 connected in parallel; in the second position, the first sub - switching member 21 is spaced apart from both the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub - switching member 22 is spaced apart from both the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, which can achieve the disconnection of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the disconnection of the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, realizing the ports of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. Thus, by controlling the first sub - switching member 21 and the second sub - switching member 22, the required connection requirements can be achieved, making the connection switching between the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 more flexible.

[0098] Furthermore, as Figures 1-3As shown, the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 are arranged at intervals in the moving direction of the first sub-switching member 21, so that the first sub-switching member 21 can be connected to or disconnected from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 in sequence during movement, improving the accuracy and stability of switching, and making control more convenient. The fourth contact 14 and the third contact 13 are arranged at intervals in the moving direction of the second sub-switching member 22, so that the second sub-switching member 22 can be connected to or disconnected from the fourth contact 14 and the third contact 13 in sequence during movement, improving the accuracy and stability of switching, and making control more convenient.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the first sub-switching member 21 includes a first connecting portion 211, a first moving contact 212 and a second moving contact 213. The first connecting portion 211 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12. The first moving contact 212 and the second moving contact 213 are connected to both ends of the first connecting portion 211 in the length direction, so that the first sub-switching member 21 is generally formed into a "U" - shaped structure, ensuring the structural strength of the first sub-switching member 21, and the structure of the first sub-switching member 21 is simple, facilitating processing and manufacturing, and capable of reducing production costs.

[0100] In addition, as Figures 4-5 shown, the first moving contact 212 is located between the first contact 11 and the second contact 12. The first moving contact 212 can be connected to the first contact 11 to meet the required connection requirements; the second moving contact 213 can be connected to the second contact 12, facilitating the connection between the second moving contact 213 and the second contact 12 to meet the required connection requirements, and capable of ensuring that the first sub-switching member 21 is stably connected to the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, ensuring reliable connection.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the second sub-switching member 22 includes a second connecting portion 221, a third moving contact 222 and a fourth moving contact 223. The second connecting portion 221 extends along the arrangement direction of the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The third moving contact 222 and the fourth moving contact 223 are connected to both ends of the second connecting portion 221 in the length direction, so that the second sub-switching member 22 is generally formed into a "U" - shaped structure, ensuring the structural strength of the second sub-switching member 22, and the structure of the second sub-switching member 22 is simple, facilitating processing and manufacturing, and capable of reducing production costs.

[0102] In addition, as Figures 4-5As shown, the third moving contact 222 is adapted to be connected to the fourth contact 14, and the fourth moving contact 223 is adapted to be connected to the third contact 13. The third moving contact 222 is disposed between the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and the fourth moving contact 223 is disposed at an end of the third contact 13 away from the fourth contact 14. The third moving contact 222 can be connected to the fourth contact 14 to meet the required connection needs; the fourth moving contact 223 can be connected to the third contact 13, facilitating the connection between the fourth moving contact 223 and the third contact 13, meeting the required connection needs, and ensuring that the second sub-switching member 22 is stably connected to the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, ensuring reliable connection.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 4-5 shown, the second switching member 30 is located between the first moving contact 212 and the second moving contact 213, which can make the structure of the switching device 100 compact, facilitate reducing the occupied space, and make it more convenient to place the switching device 100.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the switching device 100 further includes a driving mechanism 40. The driving mechanism 40 is used to drive the first switching member 20 to move between a first position and a second position, and the second switching member 30 to move between a third position and a fourth position, which can realize the automatic control of the switching device 100, make the switching more convenient, and is beneficial to improving the convenience and efficiency of operation.

[0105] Furthermore, as Figures 1-3As shown, the driving mechanism 40 includes a first magnetic part 41, a second magnetic part 42, and a third magnetic part 43. The first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43, and the second magnetic part 42 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the direction from the first contact 11 to the second contact 12. Along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 that are close to each other are the same, and the polarity of the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 can be changed, which is used to drive the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 to approach or move away from the third magnetic part 43. For example, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 that are close to each other are N poles, and the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 that are away from each other are S poles. When the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is an N pole, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42. The first magnetic part 41 moves in the direction close to the first contact 11, and the second magnetic part 42 moves in the direction away from the second contact 12. When the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is an S pole, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 repels the second magnetic part 42. The first magnetic part 41 moves in the direction away from the first contact 11, and the second magnetic part 42 moves in the direction close to the second contact 12.

[0106] The first magnetic part 41 is connected to the first switching member 20 and is used to drive the first switching member 20 to move between the first position and the second position. The second magnetic part 42 is connected to the second switching member 30 and is used to drive the second switching member 30 to move between the third position and the fourth position. For example, as Figure 2 and Figure 7 shown, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 that are close to each other are N poles, and the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part 41 and the second magnetic part 42 that are away from each other are S poles. When the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is an N pole, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42. The first magnetic part 41 moves in the direction close to the first contact 11, driving the first switching member 20 to move in the direction close to the first contact 11. The first switching member 20 is switched to the first position. The first sub-switching member 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching member 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The second magnetic part 42 moves in the direction away from the second contact 12, driving the second switching member 30 to move in the direction away from the second contact 12. The second switching member 30 is separated from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. As Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, when the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43 close to the first magnetic part 41 is the S pole, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 repels the second magnetic part 42. The first magnetic part 41 moves in a direction away from the first contact 11, driving the first switching member 20 to move in a direction away from the first contact 11. The first switching member 20 is converted to the second position, and the first sub-switching member 21 is separated from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching member 22 is separated from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The second magnetic part 42 moves in a direction close to the second contact 12, driving the second switching member 30 to move in a direction close to the second contact 12. The second switching member 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13.

[0107] The positions of the first switching member 20 and the second switching member 30 can be changed by switching the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part 43, so as to conveniently realize the switching between the series connection and the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, which is convenient for simplifying the circuit structure, improving the switching efficiency, and can reduce the use of the structure and lower the cost.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the driving mechanism 40 further includes a first slide rail 60. The first slide rail 60 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12. The first magnetic part 41 is slidable along the length direction of the first slide rail 60, which can limit the first magnetic part 41 to a certain extent and increase the reliability of the movement of the first magnetic part 41.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 shown, the driving mechanism 40 further includes a second slide rail 70. The second slide rail 70 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12. The second magnetic part 42 is slidable along the length direction of the second slide rail 70, which can limit the second magnetic part 42 to a certain extent and increase the reliability of the movement of the second magnetic part 42.

[0110] In some embodiments, as Figures 4-5 shown, the switching device 100 includes a first housing 61 and a second housing 62. The first housing 61 and the second housing 62 are covered. The first switching member 20, the second switching member 30 and the driving mechanism 40 are all located between the first housing 61 and the second housing 62. The first housing 61 and the second housing 62 can protect the first switching member 20, the second switching member 30 and the driving mechanism 40 to avoid damage caused by exposure, which is beneficial to extending the service life.

[0111] In addition, the switching device 100 further includes four high-voltage contact terminals, which are brazed to the first housing 61. Among them, the first housing 61 is a ceramic housing, and the four high-voltage contact terminals are respectively formed as a first contact 11, a second contact 12, a third contact 13, and a fourth contact 14, facilitating the connection of the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 to the first power supply device 200, and the connection of the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 to the second power supply device 300, making it convenient to connect the switching device 100 to the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, which is conducive to improving the assembly efficiency.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 1-5 shown, an elastic member 50 is provided on one side of the first magnetic portion 41 and the second magnetic portion 42 close to each other. The elastic member 50 is used to drive the first switching member 20 and the second switching member 30 to move toward the direction close to the third magnetic portion 43. Through the elastic member 50, the position of at least one of the first sub-switching member 21, the second sub-switching member 22, and the second switching member 30 can be reset, meeting the required position adjustment requirements, making the reset more convenient, and having a simple structure, which is convenient for reducing the production cost. For example, the elastic member 50 can be a spring or the like.

[0113] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the third magnetic portion 43 includes an iron core 431 and a coil 432. The iron core 431 extends along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the coil 432 surrounds the iron core 431 along the arrangement direction of the first contact 11 and the second contact 12. Both ends of the coil 432 are respectively connected with a low-voltage power supply interface 621, which can supply power to the coil 432. When the current direction of the coil 432 is switched, the magnetic poles at both ends of the iron core 431 change. The coil 432 can be controlled by the same current, and then different magnetic properties are generated at both ends of the iron core 431, which is convenient for simplifying the circuit structure, improving the switching efficiency, and reducing the use of components and the cost.

[0114] As Figure 1 and Figure 6 shown, in the power-off state, when the coil 432 is in the non-powered state and the elastic member 50 is in the standard state, the distance between the third moving contact 222 and the fourth contact 14 is d1, the distance between the first moving contact 212 and the first contact 11 is d3. The distance between the fourth moving contact 223 and the third contact 13 is d2, and the distance between the second moving contact 213 and the second contact 12 is d4. The distance between the second switching member 30 and the third contact 13 is d5, and the distance between the second switching member 30 and the third contact 13 is d6.

[0115] As Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, d7 and d8 are the distances between the first magnetic part 41 and the edge of the first slide rail 60 close to the first contact 11, and d10 and d9 are the distances between the second magnetic part 42 and the edge of the second slide rail 70 close to the second contact 12. d11 is the overlapping distance between the second switching part 30 and the second contact 12, and d13 is the overlapping distance between the second switching part 30 and the third contact 13. d12 is the distance between the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. d14 is the length of the second switching part 30. Among them, d1 = d2, d3 = d4, d7 > d1, d8 > d3. d5 = d6, d10 = d9 > d6, d14 = d11 + d12 + d13.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first connecting part 211, the first moving contact 212 and the second moving contact 213 are conductive parts, which can conduct the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the part of the first magnetic part 41 connected to the first sub-switching part 21 is a non-conductive part, avoiding problems such as short circuits between the first connecting part 211, the first moving contact 212 and the second moving contact 213 and other structures through the first magnetic part 41, and ensuring the working safety.

[0117] In some embodiments, the second connecting part 221, the third moving contact 222 and the fourth moving contact 223 are conductive parts, which can conduct the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and the part of the first magnetic part 41 connected to the second sub-switching part 22 is a non-conductive part, avoiding problems such as short circuits between the second connecting part 221, the third moving contact 222 and the fourth moving contact 223 and other structures through the first magnetic part 41, and ensuring the working safety.

[0118] The power distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first power supply device 200, a second power supply device 300, and a switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The first contact 11 and the third contact 13 are connected to the first power supply device 200, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 are connected to the second power supply device 300. In the first position, the first switching member 20 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, and can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements. In the second position, the first switching member 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, and the fourth contact 14, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. In the third position, the second switching member 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and can increase the voltage of the battery pack, making the flowing current small and the heat generation low, meeting the required usage requirements. In the fourth position, the second switching member 30 is spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. Thus, through the switching device 100, the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be realized, making the control convenient, meeting the required connection requirements, with low cost, compact structure, and facilitating the reduction of occupied space.

[0119] Since the switching device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has the above beneficial technical effects, for the power distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 are used to connect to the first power supply device 200, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 are used to connect to the second power supply device 300. When the first switching member 20 is in the first position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, and can increase the power while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements. When the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and can increase the voltage of the battery pack, making the flowing current small and the heat generation low, meeting the required usage requirements. When the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, realizing the open-circuit effect of the switching device. The switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 can be realized, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art, with a simple structure, capable of reducing costs, being beneficial to improving the integration degree, having a compact structure, saving space, and facilitating the reduction of weight.

[0120] The battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the power distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention has the above beneficial technical effects, for the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 are used to connect to the first power supply device 200, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 are used to connect to the second power supply device 300. When the first switching member 20 is in the first position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, and the power can be increased while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, resulting in a small flowing current and low heat generation, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, achieving the open-circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, avoiding the need for three contactors for control in the related art. The structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the integration degree can be improved, the structure is compact, the space is saved, and the weight can be easily reduced.

[0121] The electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrical component 400 and a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. One end of the electrical component 400 is connected to the first contact 11, and the other end of the electrical component 400 is connected to the fourth contact 14, so that the battery pack is connected to the electrical component 400, realizing the power supply requirement of the battery pack for the electrical component 400. For example, the electrical device can be a vehicle or the like.

[0122] Since the battery pack according to the embodiments of the present invention has the above beneficial technical effects, the electrical equipment according to the embodiments of the present invention is connected to the first power supply device 200 through the first contact 11 and the third contact 13, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 are used to connect to the second power supply device 300. When the first switching member 20 is in the first position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, and the power can be increased while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, making the flowing current small and the heat generation low, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, realizing the open-circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, avoiding the need for three contactors to achieve control in the related art, with a simple structure, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0123] The control method of the electrical equipment according to the embodiments of the present invention is as Figure 11 shown, and the electrical equipment is the electrical equipment according to the above embodiments of the present invention. The control method includes:

[0124] Obtain the required voltage of the electrical component 400. For example, the required voltage of the electrical component 400 can be 400V or 800V required by the vehicle, etc.;

[0125] According to the required voltage of the electrical component 400, control the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to be connected in series or in parallel through the first switching member 20, which can realize the adjustment of different required voltages of the electrical component 400. For example, when the required voltage of the vehicle is 400V, control the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to be connected in parallel through the first switching member 20. When the required voltage of the vehicle is 800V, control the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to be connected in series through the second switching member 30 to realize the working requirements of the required electrical equipment.

[0126] In some embodiments, before obtaining the required voltage of the electrical component 400, the control method further includes:

[0127] Obtain the power supply instructions of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. In other words, the battery management system of the battery pack obtains the power supply instructions of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0128] Determine that the main fuse connection of the battery pack is normal, that is, the main fuse is not blown and the circuit connection is normal, which is convenient for subsequent operations and ensures the use safety;

[0129] Control the power supply of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to meet the required power supply demand.

[0130] Since the electrical device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the above beneficial technical effects, therefore, in the control method of the electrical device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first contact 11 and the third contact 13 are used to connect to the first power supply device 200, and the second contact 12 and the fourth contact 14 are used to connect to the second power supply device 300. When the first switching member 20 is in the first position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, and the power can be increased while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the third position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, so that the flowing current is small and the heat generation is low, meeting the required usage requirements; when the first switching member 20 is in the second position and the second switching member 30 is in the fourth position, the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected, realizing the open circuit effect of the switching device. It can realize the switching between series connection and parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300, avoiding the need for three contactors to achieve control in the related art, with a simple structure, which can reduce costs, is beneficial to improving the integration degree, has a compact structure, saves space, and is convenient for reducing weight.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 11 shown, the switching device 100 is the switching device 100 according to the above embodiment of the present invention. In the first position, the first switching member 20 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel, and the power can be increased while ensuring that the voltage of the battery pack remains unchanged, meeting the required usage requirements. In the second position, the first switching member 20 is spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, and the fourth contact 14, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300. In the third position, the second switching member 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. The first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, and the voltage of the battery pack can be increased, so that the flowing current is small and the heat generation is low, meeting the required usage requirements. In the fourth position, the second switching member 30 is spaced apart from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, realizing the disconnection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300.

[0132] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such asFigure 11 As shown in the figure, the control method includes:

[0133] Determine that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series;

[0134] Control the second switching element 30 to be connected to the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, and the first switching element 20 to be spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, and the fourth contact 14. In other words, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the first magnetic part 41, the third magnetic part 43 repels the second magnetic part 42, the first magnetic part 41 moves away from the first contact 11, driving the first switching element 20 to move away from the first contact 11. The first switching element 20 is switched to the second position, the first sub-switching element 21 is separated from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching element 22 is separated from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the second contact 12, driving the second switching element 30 to move towards the second contact 12, and the second switching element 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0135] Determine that M1 is less than or equal to the first threshold value, where M1 is the potential difference between the third contact 13 and the second contact 12. In other words, determine whether the connection between the second switching element 30 and the third contact 13 and the second contact 12 is reliable, or when M1 is not less than or equal to the first threshold value, perform an error reporting process;

[0136] Determine that when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series, the connection is normal, that is, through the above detection, it can be ensured that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series normally, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and safety of the circuit.

[0137] According to some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 11 shown in the figure, the control method further includes:

[0138] Determine that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel;

[0139] Control the first switching member 20 to connect the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connect the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and control the second switching member 30 to be spaced apart from both the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. In other words, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42. The first magnetic part 41 moves toward the direction close to the first contact 11, driving the first switching member 20 to move toward the direction close to the first contact 11. The first switching member 20 is switched to the first position, the first sub-switching member 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching member 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves away from the second contact 12, driving the second switching member 30 to move away from the second contact 12. The second switching member 30 is separated from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0140] Determine that M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. In other words, determine whether the first sub-switching member 21 is reliably connected to the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and determine whether the second sub-switching member 22 is reliably connected to the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. Or when M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold are not satisfied, an error reporting process is performed;

[0141] Determine that M1 is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold. In other words, determine whether the disconnection of the second switching member 30 from the third contact 13 and the second contact 12 is reliable. Or when M1 is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold is not satisfied, an error reporting process is performed;

[0142] Determine that when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel connection, the connection is normal, that is, through the above detection, it can be ensured that the parallel normal connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 is beneficial to improving the reliability and safety of the circuit. Thus, it is possible to switch the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to a parallel connection, meet the required connection requirements, and ensure the connection reliability and safety of the circuit, and achieve the required usage requirements.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 11 shown, the control method further includes:

[0144] Obtain the power-off signal of the electrical component 400;

[0145] Control the coil 432 to be powered off. In other words, the first switching member 20 or the second switching member 30 is driven by the elastic member 50;

[0146] Determine that M1 is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold. In other words, determine whether the disconnection between the second switching member 30 and the third contact 13 and the second contact 12 is reliable. Or when M1 is less than the fourth threshold, perform an error handling operation;

[0147] Determine that the power-down of the electrical component 400 is normal, that is, through the above detections, it can be ensured that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are disconnected reliably, ensuring the safety of the circuit and avoiding potential circuit failures or safety hazards.

[0148] According to some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 11 shown, the control method further includes:

[0149] Determine that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in parallel;

[0150] Control the first switching member 20 to connect the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and connect the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, and control the second switching member 30 to be spaced apart from both the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. In other words, the third magnetic part 43 repels the first magnetic part 41, and the third magnetic part 43 attracts the second magnetic part 42. The first magnetic part 41 moves towards the direction close to the first contact 11, driving the first switching member 20 to move towards the direction close to the first contact 11. The first switching member 20 is switched to the first position, the first sub-switching member 21 connects the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching member 22 connects the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14; the second magnetic part 42 moves away from the second contact 12, driving the second switching member 30 to move away from the second contact 12, and the second switching member 30 is separated from the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0151] Determine that M2 is less than or equal to the second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to the third threshold, where M2 is the potential difference between the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. In other words, determine whether the first sub-switching member 21 is reliably connected to the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and determine whether the second sub-switching member 22 is reliably connected to the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. Or when M2 is greater than the second threshold and M3 is greater than the third threshold, perform an error handling operation;

[0152] Determine that M2 is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to the sixth threshold, determine whether the first sub-switching member 21 is disconnected from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and determine whether the second sub-switching member 22 is disconnected from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14. Or when M2 is less than the fifth threshold and M3 is less than the sixth threshold, perform an error handling operation;

[0153] Determine that when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in parallel connection, the connection is normal, that is, through the above detection, it can be ensured that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are properly connected in parallel, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and safety of the circuit. Thus, it is possible to switch the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to a parallel connection, meet the required connection requirements, and ensure the connection reliability and safety of the circuit, realizing the required usage requirements.

[0154] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 11 shown, the control method further includes:

[0155] Determine that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 adopt a series connection method;

[0156] Control the first switching member 20 to be spaced apart from the first contact 11, the second contact 12, the third contact 13, and the fourth contact 14. In other words, the current direction of the coil 432 changes, the third magnetic part 43 attracts the first magnetic part 41, the first magnetic part 41 moves away from the first contact 11, driving the first switching member 20 to move away from the first contact 11, the first switching member 20 is converted to the second position, the first sub-switching member 21 is separated from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12, and the second sub-switching member 22 is separated from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14;

[0157] Determine that M2 is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to the sixth threshold, determine whether the first sub-switching member 21 is disconnected from the first contact 11 and the second contact 12 and determine whether the second sub-switching member 22 is disconnected from the third contact 13 and the fourth contact 14, or when M2 is less than the fifth threshold and M3 is less than the sixth threshold, perform an error handling;

[0158] Control the second switching member 30 to be connected to the second contact 12 and the third contact 13. The third magnetic part 43 repels the second magnetic part 42, the second magnetic part 42 moves towards the second contact 12, driving the second switching member 30 to move towards the second contact 12, and the second switching member 30 connects the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, thereby realizing the series connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300;

[0159] Determine that M1 is less than or equal to the first threshold, where M1 is the potential difference between the third contact 13 and the second contact 12. In other words, determine whether the second switching member 30 is reliably connected to the second contact 12 and the third contact 13, or when M1 is greater than the first threshold, perform an error handling;

[0160] It is determined that when the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are in series connection, the connection is normal, that is, through the above detection, it can be ensured that the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 are connected in series normally, which is beneficial to improving the reliability and safety of the circuit. Thus, it is possible to switch the parallel connection of the first power supply device 200 and the second power supply device 300 to a series connection, meet the required connection requirements, and ensure the connection reliability and safety of the circuit, so as to achieve the required usage requirements.

[0161] The other configurations and operations of the switching device 100, the power distribution component, the battery pack, the electrical equipment and their control methods according to the embodiments of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0162] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0163] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switching device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of stationary contacts (10), the plurality of stationary contacts (10) comprising a first contact (11), a second contact (12), a third contact (13) and a fourth contact (14), the first contact (11) and the third contact (13) being used to connect to a first power supply device (200), and the second contact (12) and the fourth contact (14) being used to connect to a second power supply device (300); a first switching member (20), the first switching member (20) being movable and having a first position and a second position, in which, in the first position, the first switching member (20) connects the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and connects the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14), and the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel, and in the second position, the first switching member (20) is spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); A second switching member (30), the second switching member (30) is movable and has a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the second switching member (30) connects the second contact (12) and the third contact (13), and the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series. In the fourth position, the second switching member (30) is spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13).

2. The switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switching member (20) comprises: A first sub-switching member (21) and a second sub-switching member (22), wherein the first sub-switching member (21) and the second sub-switching member (22) are movable. In the first position, the first sub-switching member (21) connects the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second sub-switching member (22) connects the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); in the second position, the first sub-switching member (21) is spaced apart from the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second sub-switching member (22) is spaced apart from the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14).

3. The switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first contact (11) and the second contact (12) are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the moving direction of the first sub-switching element (21), and the fourth contact (14) and the third contact (13) are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the moving direction of the second sub-switching element (22).

4. The switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first switching member (20) comprises: A first connecting portion (211), the first connecting portion (211) extending along an arrangement direction of the first contact point (11) and the second contact point (12); a first movable contact (212) and a second movable contact (213), wherein the first movable contact (212) and the second movable contact (213) are connected to two ends of the first connecting portion (211) in a length direction, the first movable contact (212) is suitable for connecting to the first contact (11), the first movable contact (212) is arranged between the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second movable contact (213) is arranged at an end of the second contact (12) away from the first contact (11); And / or, the second sub-switching element (22) comprises: A second connecting portion (221), the second connecting portion (221) extending along an arrangement direction of the third contact point (13) and the fourth contact point (14); A third moving contact (222) and a fourth moving contact (223), wherein the third moving contact (222) and the fourth moving contact (223) are connected to both ends of the second connecting portion (221) in the length direction, the third moving contact (222) is suitable for connecting to the fourth contact (14), the third moving contact (222) is arranged between the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14), and the fourth moving contact (223) is arranged at an end of the third contact (13) away from the fourth contact (14).

5. The switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second switching member (30) is located between the first moving contact point (212) and the second moving contact point (213).

6. The switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching device (100) further comprises: A driving mechanism (40) is used to drive the first switching member (20) to move between the first position and the second position, and the second switching member (30) to move between the third position and the fourth position.

7. The switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (40) comprises: A first magnetic part (41), a second magnetic part (42) and a third magnetic part (43), wherein the first magnetic part (41), the third magnetic part (43) and the second magnetic part (42) are arranged in sequence along the direction from the first contact point (11) to the second contact point (12), and along the arrangement direction of the first contact point (11) and the second contact point (12), the polarities of the magnetic poles of the first magnetic part (41) and the second magnetic part (42) close to each other are the same, and the polarity of the magnetic pole of the third magnetic part (43) can be changed, so as to drive the first magnetic part (41) and the second magnetic part (42) to approach or move away from the third magnetic part (43); the first magnetic part (41) is connected to the first switching member (20) to drive the first switching member (20) to move between the first position and the second position; the second magnetic part (42) is connected to the second switching member (30) to drive the second switching member (30) to move between the third position and the fourth position.

8. The switching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (40) further comprises: a first slide rail (60), the first slide rail (60) extending along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the first magnetic part (41) being slidable along the length direction of the first slide rail (60); A second slide rail (70), wherein the second slide rail (70) extends along an arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and the second magnetic portion (42) is slidable along a length direction of the second slide rail (70).

9. The switching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An elastic member (50) is provided on one side of the first magnetic part (41) and the second magnetic part (42) close to each other, and the elastic member (50) is used to drive the first switching member (20) and the second switching member (30) to move in a direction close to the third magnetic part (43).

10. The switching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third magnetic part (43) comprises: An iron core (431), the iron core (431) extending along an arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12); A coil (432), the coil (432) surrounds the iron core (431) along the arrangement direction of the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), the two ends of the coil (432) are respectively connected to a low-voltage power supply interface (621), and when the current direction of the coil (432) is switched, the magnetic poles at the two ends of the iron core (431) change.

11. A power distribution assembly, characterized in that: include: A first power supply device (200) and a second power supply device (300); According to the switching device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the first contact (11) and the third contact (13) are connected to a first power supply device (200), and the second contact (12) and the fourth contact (14) are connected to a second power supply device (300); in the first position, the first switching member (20) connects the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and connects the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14), and the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected. 0), in the second position, the first switching element (20) is spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); in the third position, the second switching element (30) connects the second contact (12) and the third contact (13), the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series, and in the fourth position, the second switching element (30) is spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13).

12. A battery pack, characterized in that: Comprising a power distribution assembly according to claim 11.

13. An electrical equipment, characterized in that: include: The battery pack according to claim 12; An electrical component (400), one end of the electrical component (400) is connected to the first contact (11) and the other end is connected to the fourth contact (14).

14. A method for controlling an electrical device, characterized in that: The electrical device is the electrical device according to claim 13, and the control method comprises: Obtaining the required voltage of the electrical component (400); According to the required voltage of the electrical component (400), the first switching element (20) controls the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) to be connected in series or in parallel.

15. The control method of the electric equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that: The control method comprises: Determining that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series; Controlling the second switching element (30) to be connected to the second contact (12) and the third contact (13), and the first switching element (20) to be spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); Determining that M1 is less than or equal to a first threshold, wherein M1 is a potential difference between the third contact (13) and the second contact (12); It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series and the connection is normal.

16. The control method of the electric equipment according to claim 15, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: Determining that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel; Controlling the first switching element (20) to connect the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and to connect the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14), and controlling the second switching element (30) to be spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13); Determining that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold, wherein M2 is the potential difference between the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); Determine that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold; It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected normally when they are in parallel connection.

17. The control method of the electric equipment according to claim 16, characterized in that: The switching device (100) is the switching device (100) according to claim 10, and the control method further comprises: Obtaining a power-off signal of the electrical component (400); Controlling the coil (432) to cut off power; Determine that M2 is greater than or equal to a fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold; It is determined that the electrical component (400) is powered off normally.

18. The control method of the electric equipment according to claim 15, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: Determining that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in parallel; Controlling the first switching element (20) to connect the first contact (11) and the second contact (12) and to connect the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14), and controlling the second switching element (30) to be spaced apart from the second contact (12) and the third contact (13); Determining that M2 is less than or equal to a second threshold and M3 is less than or equal to a third threshold, wherein M2 is the potential difference between the first contact (11) and the second contact (12), and M3 is the potential difference between the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); Determine that M1 is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold; It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected normally when they are in parallel connection.

19. The method for controlling an electric device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: Determining that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series; Controlling the first switching element (20) to be spaced apart from the first contact (11), the second contact (12), the third contact (13) and the fourth contact (14); Determine that M2 is greater than or equal to a fifth threshold and M3 is greater than or equal to a sixth threshold; controlling the second switching element (30) to be connected to the second contact (12) and the third contact (13); Determine that M1 is less than or equal to a first threshold; It is determined that the first power supply device (200) and the second power supply device (300) are connected in series and the connection is normal.

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