Loudspeaker frequency analysis method, device and equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency analysis method, device and equipment of a loudspeaker and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of loudspeakers. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a wet mode simulation model of a to-be-tested loudspeaker in an air environment according to a structure model of the to-be-tested loudspeaker and an air continuum; configuring material characteristics for structural components in the wet modal simulation model; setting a physical field for a structural model and an air continuum in the wet modal simulation model and defining a boundary; according to the method, the wet mode simulation model is subjected to grid division and characteristic frequency analysis, the wet mode frequency of the loudspeaker under the influence of the air load can be accurately simulated and analyzed, selection and design of the loudspeaker in the aspects of materials, structures and parameters can be optimized, and therefore the performance and the tone quality of the loudspeaker are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of speakers, and particularly to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for frequency analysis of a speaker. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for the sound quality of speakers are getting higher and higher. As an important evaluation index for the overall sound quality of speakers, the radiation resonance frequency of speakers has very important significance in the design of speakers.

[0003] However, currently in the industry, the radiation resonance frequency of speakers is determined by theoretical formulas or only considering the simulation method of solids, and the obtained results are all dry modal frequencies without considering the influence of air load. However, the actual use environment of speakers will be affected by different air loads. Therefore, the traditional theoretical methods and simulation methods cannot accurately analyze the wet modal frequency of speakers under the influence of air load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for frequency analysis of a speaker, so as to solve the problem that the traditional theoretical methods and simulation methods cannot accurately analyze the wet modal frequency of speakers under the influence of air load.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for frequency analysis of a speaker, including:

[0006] Constructing a wet modal simulation model of the to-be-tested speaker in an air environment according to the structural model of the to-be-tested speaker and an air continuum;

[0007] Configuring material properties for the structural components in the wet modal simulation model;

[0008] Setting physical fields and defining boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model;

[0009] Performing mesh generation on the wet modal simulation model and performing characteristic frequency analysis.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for frequency analysis of a speaker, including:

[0011] A simulation model construction module, configured to construct a wet modal simulation model of the to-be-tested speaker in an air environment according to the structural model of the to-be-tested speaker and an air continuum;

[0012] A material configuration module, configured to configure material properties for the structural components in the wet modal simulation model;

[0013] A boundary definition module for setting physical fields and defining boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model.

[0014] A frequency analysis module for meshing the wet modal simulation model and performing eigenfrequency analysis.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0016] At least one processor; and

[0017] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0018] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and when the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is enabled to execute the frequency analysis method of the loudspeaker according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the frequency analysis method of the loudspeaker according to any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0020] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can accurately simulate and analyze the wet modal frequency of the loudspeaker under the influence of air load by constructing a wet modal simulation model of the loudspeaker to be measured in an air environment according to the structural model and the air continuum of the loudspeaker to be measured; configuring material properties for the structural components in the wet modal simulation model; setting physical fields and defining boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model; meshing the wet modal simulation model and performing eigenfrequency analysis, solving the problem that the traditional theoretical method and simulation method cannot accurately analyze the wet modal frequency of the loudspeaker under the influence of air load, which is beneficial to optimizing the selection and design of the loudspeaker in terms of materials, structures and parameters, thereby improving the performance and sound quality of the loudspeaker.

[0021] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a loudspeaker to be measured;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic principle diagram of a frequency test system for a loudspeaker;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing the method for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the situation of analyzing the frequency of a loudspeaker under an air load. This method can be executed by a device for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker, and the device for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software, and the device for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker can be configured in an electronic device. As Figure 1As shown, the method includes:

[0032] S110. Construct a wet modal simulation model of the loudspeaker to be tested in an air environment based on the structural model of the loudspeaker to be tested and the air continuum.

[0033] Among them, a loudspeaker is a device that converts an electrical signal into a sound signal. The basic structural model of a loudspeaker mainly includes a magnetic circuit system, a vibration system, and a support system; the magnetic circuit system is used to generate a stable magnetic field to provide power for the vibration of the diaphragm; the vibration system is used to convert an electrical signal into mechanical vibration to generate sound. The vibration system mainly includes a diaphragm and a voice coil, and the voice coil vibrates in the magnetic field to drive the diaphragm to generate sound. Among them, the diaphragm is the main sound-generating component of the loudspeaker, and the shape and material of the diaphragm determine the frequency response and sound characteristics of the loudspeaker. The air continuum can be understood as a spatial body with air as the medium, which is used to simulate the propagation space of the sound of the loudspeaker in the air. The wet modal simulation model can be understood as a simulation model constructed based on the structure of the loudspeaker to be tested considering the air load.

[0034] In an alternative embodiment, the structural model of the loudspeaker to be tested is located inside the air continuum, and the size of the air continuum is set to N times the structural size of the loudspeaker to be tested, where N is greater than 1. The air continuum is used to simulate the propagation range of the sound emitted by the loudspeaker to be tested. Therefore, the structural model of the loudspeaker to be tested located inside the air continuum can cover the sound propagation range of the loudspeaker to be tested, and the loudspeaker to be tested can be placed at the center position of the air continuum or on one side opposite to the direction towards which the diaphragm faces. The shape of the air continuum can be a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cuboid, etc., and the size of the air continuum can be determined according to the propagation distance of the sound. The shape, size of the air continuum in the embodiments of the present invention and the position of the loudspeaker to be tested in the air continuum are not limited.

[0035] Specifically, create a structural model according to the structure of the loudspeaker to be tested, and place the structural model inside the air continuum to form a simulation model of the loudspeaker to be tested in an air environment.

[0036] Exemplarily, the way to construct the wet modal simulation model can be to draw a three-dimensional model of the loudspeaker to be tested through a drawing software; import the three-dimensional model into a multi-physics simulation software, such as COMSOL software. Insert a spatial body in the simulation software, set parameters such as the shape and size of the spatial body to form an air continuum. Process the three-dimensional model of the loudspeaker to be tested and the air continuum through COMSOL software to generate a simulation model of the loudspeaker to be tested.

[0037] S120. Configure the material properties of the structural components in the wet modal simulation model.

[0038] Among them, Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the loudspeaker to be tested. As Figure 2 shown, the structural components of the loudspeaker to be tested may include a diaphragm 1, a voice coil 2, a glue adhesion part 3, a chassis 4, a top plate 5, a magnet 6, a ceramic bowl 7, and a leakage hole 8.

[0039] Specifically, in the simulation software, by creating new materials or selecting materials from the material library, the material properties required for the simulation are established, and the corresponding material properties are assigned to the loudspeaker components in the loudspeaker simulation model. In order to make the frequency characteristics of the simulation model of the loudspeaker to be tested as close as possible to the frequency characteristics of the actual loudspeaker to be tested, appropriate materials can be selected in the simulation software according to the material property information actually used for the loudspeaker to be tested.

[0040] S130: Set physical fields and define boundaries for the structural model and air continuum in the wet modal simulation model.

[0041] Among them, the physical field refers to the physical phenomena and laws defined in the simulation model, which are used to describe the interaction between the structure and the air continuum. The setting of the physical field is the basis of the simulation analysis, which determines the physical behavior and interaction mode of each part in the model. The wet modal simulation model includes the structure of the loudspeaker to be tested and the air continuum, so the physical field includes the physical field corresponding to the structural model and the physical field corresponding to the air continuum. The boundary can be understood as the contact surface between the structure of the loudspeaker to be tested and the air continuum.

[0042] Specifically, in the simulation software, corresponding physical fields are set for the structural model and air continuum of the loudspeaker, respectively, to describe the deformation, stress, and vibration characteristics of the loudspeaker structure. Boundary conditions are defined on the contact surface between the structural model and the air continuum, and these boundary conditions ensure that the displacement and acceleration of the structure can be transmitted to the air, and at the same time, the air pressure can also act on the structure.

[0043] S140: Perform mesh division on the wet modal simulation model and conduct characteristic frequency analysis.

[0044] Specifically, the wet modal simulation model can be divided using tetrahedral or hexahedral meshes, and the mesh divisions of the structural model and the air continuum should match to ensure the continuity on the coupling boundary. In the analysis software, after submitting the calculation, the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the structure are extracted, and characteristic frequency analysis is performed.

[0045] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention constructs a wet modal simulation model of the loudspeaker to be measured in an air environment according to the structural model of the loudspeaker to be measured and the air continuum; configures the material properties of the structural components in the wet modal simulation model; sets the physical fields and defines the boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model; performs mesh division on the wet modal simulation model and conducts characteristic frequency analysis, which can accurately simulate and analyze the wet modal frequency of the loudspeaker under the influence of air load, is beneficial to optimizing the selection and design of the loudspeaker in terms of materials, structures, and parameters, and thus improves the performance and sound quality of the loudspeaker.

[0046] As an optional embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, S130, setting the physical fields and defining the boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model includes:

[0047] S131. When the thickness of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker to be measured is less than a preset thickness and the aspect ratio is greater than a preset ratio, set the diaphragm component to use the shell physical field; otherwise, set the diaphragm component to use the solid mechanics physical field.

[0048] Among them, the diaphragm component can be understood as a component that can be driven by the vibration of the diaphragm. For example, it can be an overall component composed of a diaphragm and a voice coil, etc. The solid mechanics physical field is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of solid structures, including stress, strain, displacement, etc., can handle complex geometric shapes and load conditions, and is mainly based on the Navier - Lame Equation to describe the elastic deformation of solids. The shell physical field is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of thin structures (such as shells, plates, etc.), can efficiently handle the deformation and stress distribution of thin structures, and is mainly based on shell theory to simplify the mechanical behavior of three - dimensional entities. The preset thickness is used to determine whether the diaphragm thickness is thin enough, so it can be set to a relatively small value, such as 0.5 mm.

[0049] Specifically, when the thickness of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker to be measured is less than the preset thickness and the aspect ratio is greater than the preset ratio, it can be considered that the diaphragm is a thin structure, so set the diaphragm component to use the shell physical field to simulate the vibration deformation and stress distribution of the diaphragm. Otherwise, that is, when the thickness of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker to be measured is greater than or equal to the preset thickness, or the aspect ratio of the diaphragm is less than or equal to the preset ratio, it is considered that the diaphragm is a solid structure, and set the diaphragm component to use the solid mechanics physical field to simulate the stress, strain, displacement, etc. of the diaphragm. When both the "solid mechanics physical field" and the "shell physical field" are used, the displacement field dependent variables corresponding to the two physical fields are set to be the same (both are u at the displacement field (m), and the displacement field components are u, v, w respectively) for force transfer.

[0050] S132. Set the other components of the loudspeaker to be measured except the diaphragm component to use the solid mechanics physical field.

[0051] Among them, other components of the loudspeaker to be measured except the diaphragm component may include, for example: the chassis, the magnet, the magnetic bowl, etc. It can be understood that the structures of different loudspeakers may be different, and can be determined according to the structural model of the loudspeaker to be measured.

[0052] Specifically, other components of the loudspeaker to be measured except the diaphragm component are solid structures, so the solid mechanics physical field is used to simulate the mechanical behaviors of the solid structures, including stress, strain, displacement, etc.

[0053] S133. Set the air continuum to use the pressure acoustics frequency domain physical field.

[0054] Among them, the pressure acoustics frequency domain physical field is a physical field used to simulate the propagation and interaction of sound waves in a medium.

[0055] Specifically, the air continuum is the sound propagation medium of the loudspeaker to be measured, so the air continuum uses the pressure acoustics frequency domain physical field to simulate the interaction generated by the sound of the loudspeaker to be measured propagating in the air continuum.

[0056] S134. Set a coupling interface for the boundary between the structural model and the air continuum.

[0057] Among them, the displacement of the contact surface between the structural model of the loudspeaker to be measured and the air continuum will affect the fluid flow, and at the same time, the fluid pressure will also act on the structure. Therefore, in the simulation software, select the surface where the structural model contacts the air continuum as the coupling boundary, and set a coupling interface for the coupling boundary to ensure data exchange between the structure and the fluid.

[0058] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the physical fields and coupling interfaces of the loudspeaker to be measured and the air continuum, the propagation and interaction of sound waves in different media can be effectively simulated, providing strong support for the acoustic design and analysis of the loudspeaker. Introducing the "shell" physical field can more accurately describe the mechanical behavior of the diaphragm with a relatively thin thickness, which is more in line with the actual situation, and breaks through the bottleneck that some existing simulation methods still use solid mesh division for special-shaped thin film structures.

[0059] As an optional embodiment of this application embodiment, S134. Set a coupling interface for the boundary between the structural model and the air continuum, including:

[0060] S1341. When using the shell physical field for the diaphragm component, insert a first acoustic structure boundary between the diaphragm component in the structural model and the air continuum; the coupling interface of the first acoustic structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustics frequency domain and a structural interface based on the shell.

[0061] Among them, the first acoustic structure boundary is used to represent the boundary between the pressure acoustic frequency domain physical field of the air continuum and the shell physical field of the diaphragm component when the thickness of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test is less than the preset thickness and the aspect ratio is greater than the preset ratio.

[0062] Specifically, when the shell physical field is used for the diaphragm component, a first acoustic structure boundary is inserted between the diaphragm component and the air continuum in the structural model. The coupling interface of the first acoustic structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain and a structural interface based on the shell. The acoustic interface is based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain physical field and is used to simulate the sound field in the air continuum; the structural interface is based on the shell physical field and is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of the diaphragm component. In the simulation software, the "acoustic-structural boundary" coupling interface is used to automatically handle the coupling between the structure and the air continuum, ensuring that the acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain is applied to the air continuum and the structural interface based on the shell is applied to the diaphragm component.

[0063] S1342. Insert a second acoustic structure boundary between other components in the structural model and the air continuum. The coupling interface of the second acoustic structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain and a structural interface based on solid mechanics.

[0064] Among them, the second acoustic structure boundary is used to represent the boundary between the pressure acoustic frequency domain physical field of the air continuum and the solid mechanics physical field of other components outside the diaphragm component.

[0065] Specifically, a second acoustic structure boundary is inserted between other components except the diaphragm component in the structural model and the air continuum. The coupling interface of the second acoustic structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain and a structural interface based on solid mechanics. The acoustic interface is based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain physical field and is used to simulate the sound field in the air continuum; the structural interface is based on the solid mechanics physical field and is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of other components outside the diaphragm component. In the simulation software, the "acoustic-structural boundary" coupling interface is used to automatically handle the coupling between the structure and the fluid, ensuring that the acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain is applied to the air continuum and the solid mechanics interface is applied to other components outside the diaphragm component.

[0066] In this embodiment, by setting the coupling interface of the acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain and the structural interface based on the shell at the first acoustic structure boundary between the diaphragm component and the air continuum in the structural model, and setting the coupling interface of the acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain and the structural interface based on solid mechanics at the second acoustic structure boundary between other components in the structural model and the air continuum, the acoustic and structural mechanics coupling analysis can be effectively realized between the diaphragm component and other components in the structural model and the air continuum.

[0067] As an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of the present application, S140, performing mesh generation on the wet modal simulation model and performing characteristic frequency analysis includes:

[0068] S141, performing mesh generation on the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model respectively, and performing independence check on the mesh generation results.

[0069] Specifically, the fineness of mesh generation directly affects the accuracy of the calculation results, but too high fineness will increase the calculation cost. For the structural mesh, it needs to be sufficiently body-fitted, that is, the mesh size should be small enough to simulate the local details of the structure. At the same time, due to the need to consider the interaction between air and the structure, the meshes at the interface between the structure and the air continuum should be as close as possible to ensure the accuracy of the coupled calculation; for the air domain, the mesh size needs to be defined according to the wavelength of the sound wave in the air, generally requiring 5 to 6 mesh units per wavelength. At the same time, for the area where the geometric shape changes sharply, local mesh refinement is required.

[0070] In order to reduce the influence of mesh generation on the frequency analysis results, the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model can be subjected to multiple different mesh generations, and the frequency of the wet modal simulation model can be analyzed according to the mesh generation results each time. By comparing the frequency analysis results each time, taking the error between the frequency analysis results corresponding to the two previous mesh results not exceeding a preset error value (such as 5%) as the standard, the independence of the mesh on the frequency analysis results is determined.

[0071] S142, performing characteristic frequency analysis on the wet modal simulation model based on the finite element analysis method to obtain the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency of the to-be-tested loudspeaker in the air environment.

[0072] Among them, the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency can be understood as the frequency when the diaphragm of the to-be-tested loudspeaker resonates under the wet modal considering the air load through simulation.

[0073] Specifically, the finite element analysis method is used to perform characteristic frequency analysis on the wet modal simulation model, calculate the response of the structural model under the given excitation and boundary conditions, and obtain the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency when the to-be-tested loudspeaker resonates under the wet modal considering the air load.

[0074] Exemplarily, when performing characteristic frequency analysis on the wet modal simulation model in the simulation software, the required number of characteristic frequencies can be preset to 6, and other defaults. If solving multiple modes related to the structure, the search method around the offset is changed to "larger imaginary part". When performing characteristic frequency calculation, selecting "larger imaginary part" can identify the modes of the physical structure faster and avoid the influence of more air modes on the results.

[0075] As an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0076] A1. Disable the first acoustic structure boundary and the second acoustic structure boundary in the wet modal simulation model to obtain a dry modal simulation model.

[0077] Specifically, by disabling the first acoustic structure boundary and the second acoustic structure boundary in the wet modal simulation model in the simulation software, the air continuum of the wet modal simulation model can be disabled, simulating that the structural model of the loudspeaker under test is in a vacuum environment, so as to obtain the dry modal simulation model of the loudspeaker under test.

[0078] A2. Perform characteristic frequency analysis on the dry modal simulation model based on the finite element analysis method to obtain the dry modal radiation resonance simulation frequency of the loudspeaker under test in a vacuum environment.

[0079] Specifically, the same as the frequency analysis method of the wet modal simulation model, perform characteristic frequency analysis on the dry modal simulation model based on the finite element analysis method, calculate the response of the structural model under given excitation and boundary conditions, and obtain the dry modal radiation resonance simulation frequency when the loudspeaker under test resonates in a vacuum environment.

[0080] A3. Compare the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency and the dry modal radiation resonance simulation frequency.

[0081] Specifically, by comparing the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency and the dry modal radiation resonance simulation frequency, the parameters of the simulation model of the loudspeaker under test in the wet modal considering air can be effectively optimized, improving the authenticity and effectiveness of the simulation model of the loudspeaker under test, which is conducive to optimizing the design of the structure and materials of the loudspeaker under test, and improving the sound quality and performance of the loudspeaker under test.

[0082] As an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0083] B1. Place the loudspeaker under test in the air, send an excitation signal to the loudspeaker through a signal generator, measure the first terminal voltage signal and the first current signal of the internal circuit of the loudspeaker under test under the excitation of the excitation signal, and calculate the first impedance amplitude signal according to the first terminal voltage signal and the first current signal; perform radiation resonance frequency analysis on the first impedance amplitude signal to obtain the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency.

[0084] Wherein, the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency can be understood as the frequency when the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test resonates under the wet modal considering the air load.

[0085] Exemplarily, Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a frequency test system for a speaker. As Figure 3 shown, the frequency test system includes: a signal generator, a signal amplifier, a speaker under test, and a signal measuring device. Place the speaker under test in the air, generate an excitation signal through the signal generator, amplify it by the signal amplifier, and send it to the speaker under test, so that the diaphragm of the speaker under test vibrates under the excitation of the excitation signal. Measure the first terminal voltage signal and the first current signal of the internal circuit of the speaker under test in the vibrating state, calculate the first impedance amplitude signal Z(f) based on the first terminal voltage signal and the first current signal, and perform curve fitting on the first impedance amplitude signal to inversely deduce the DC resistance value R e of the voice coil, the capacitance value C mes and the inductance value L ces as well as the resistance value R es caused by mechanical losses and other parameters. Calculate the wet mode radiation resonance test frequency f mes based on the capacitance value C ces and the inductance value L s as follows:

[0086]

[0087] B2. Place the speaker under test in a vacuum device, send an excitation signal to the speaker under test through the signal generator, measure the second terminal voltage signal and the second current signal of the internal circuit of the speaker under test under the excitation of the excitation signal, and calculate the second impedance amplitude signal based on the second terminal voltage signal and the second current signal; perform radiation resonance frequency analysis on the second impedance amplitude signal to obtain the dry mode radiation resonance test frequency.

[0088] Among them, the dry mode radiation resonance test frequency can be understood as the frequency at which the diaphragm of the speaker under test resonates when tested in the dry mode without considering the air load.

[0089] Exemplarily, based on the frequency test system of the speaker shown in Figure 3 , place the speaker under test in a vacuum device, measure the second terminal voltage signal and the second current signal of the internal circuit of the speaker under test in the vibrating state by the same method, calculate the second impedance amplitude signal based on the second terminal voltage signal and the second current signal, and perform radiation resonance frequency analysis on the second impedance amplitude signal to obtain the dry mode radiation resonance test frequency.

[0090] B3. Compare and analyze the wet mode radiation resonance test frequency with the wet mode radiation resonance simulation frequency to obtain the wet mode radiation resonance frequency analysis result of the speaker under test.

[0091] Specifically, by comparing and analyzing the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency with the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency, the analysis result of the wet modal radiation resonance frequency of the loudspeaker under test considering the air load can be obtained, which is used to verify the correctness of the wet modal radiation resonance frequency obtained from the wet modal simulation model based on the loudspeaker under test.

[0092] B4. Compare and analyze the dry modal radiation resonance test frequency with the dry modal radiation resonance simulation frequency to obtain the analysis result of the dry modal radiation resonance frequency of the loudspeaker under test.

[0093] Specifically, by comparing and analyzing the dry modal radiation resonance test frequency with the dry modal radiation resonance simulation frequency, the analysis result of the dry modal radiation resonance frequency of the loudspeaker under test without considering the air load can be obtained, which is used to verify the correctness of the dry modal radiation resonance frequency obtained from the dry modal simulation model based on the loudspeaker under test.

[0094] As an optional embodiment of the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency, it further includes:

[0095] C1. Detect the displacement signal generated by the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test based on the excitation signal through a laser sensor, fit the displacement signal to obtain the effective force coefficient, and calculate the wet modal vibration mass according to the effective force coefficient and the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency.

[0096] Among them, the displacement signal can be understood as the change of the vibration displacement generated by the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test over time in the air environment.

[0097] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the frequency test system of the loudspeaker further includes a laser sensor, and detects the displacement signal generated by the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test based on the excitation signal through the laser sensor, fits the displacement signal to obtain the effective force coefficient Bl, and calculates the wet modal vibration mass M according to the effective force coefficient and the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency. ms , specifically:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, Q es = 2πf s C mes R e ; Q es is the electrical loss factor, C mes is the capacitance value, L ces is the inductance value, and R e is the DC resistance value of the voice coil.

[0100] C2. Calculate the compliance coefficient, stiffness coefficient, and mechanical resistance of the loudspeaker under test based on the wet modal vibration mass and the modal radiation resonance test frequency, and calculate the dry modal vibration mass based on the wet modal vibration mass and the vibration radiation area of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test.

[0101] Specifically, based on the wet modal vibration mass M ms and the modal radiation resonance test frequency f s calculate the compliance coefficient C ms , stiffness coefficient K ms and mechanical resistance R ms , specifically as follows:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] where Q ms = 2πf s C mes R es ; Q ms is the mechanical loss factor, and R es is the resistance value caused by mechanical loss.

[0105] Obtain the vibration radiation area S d of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test, and calculate the dry modal vibration mass M ms based on the wet modal vibration mass M md (S d ) as follows:

[0106] M md (S d ) = M ms - 1.13S d 3 / 2 .

[0107] C3. Adjust the structural model parameters of the loudspeaker under test according to the compliance coefficient, the stiffness coefficient, the mechanical resistance, and the dry modal vibration mass.

[0108] Specifically, adjusting the structural model parameters of the loudspeaker under test according to the compliance coefficient, the stiffness coefficient, the mechanical resistance, and the dry modal vibration mass can improve the accuracy of the structural model of the loudspeaker under test under air load, providing a reference basis for improving the audio quality of the loudspeaker.

[0109] In this embodiment, the radiation resonance frequencies under two conditions of considering and not considering air load are tested based on a simple loudspeaker test device, breaking through the bottleneck that traditional membrane structures cannot effectively measure the resonance frequency with a test device or the test device is very expensive, and relatively reliable results can be obtained at a lower cost. By comparing and analyzing the obtained test results with the results obtained from simulation, the accuracy of the simulation model can be verified and corrected. The corrected simulation model can be used for other multi-factor comparative simulation analyses, with strong expandability. The simulation model corrected by actual measurement can further consider multi-order modes to broaden its application scope; this simulation model can also be used for simulation calculations of radiation resonance frequencies under conditions such as different prestresses and different environments to broaden its application depth; furthermore, this simulation model also has high application value in aspects such as the selection analysis of mesh cloth in the field of loudspeaker design.

[0110] Embodiment 2

[0111] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency analysis device for a loudspeaker provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As Figure 4 shown, the device includes: a simulation model construction module 210, a material configuration module 220, a boundary definition module 230, and a frequency analysis module 240; where,

[0112] The simulation model construction module 210 is used to construct a wet modal simulation model of the loudspeaker to be tested in an air environment according to the structural model of the loudspeaker to be tested and the air continuum;

[0113] The material configuration module 220 is used to configure material properties for the structural components in the wet modal simulation model;

[0114] The boundary definition module 230 is used to set physical fields and define boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model;

[0115] The frequency analysis module 240 is used to perform mesh division on the wet modal simulation model and perform characteristic frequency analysis.

[0116] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can accurately simulate and analyze the wet modal frequency of the loudspeaker under the influence of air load by constructing a wet modal simulation model of the loudspeaker to be tested in an air environment according to the structural model of the loudspeaker to be tested and the air continuum; configuring material properties for the structural components in the wet modal simulation model; setting physical fields and defining boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model; performing mesh division on the wet modal simulation model and performing characteristic frequency analysis, which is beneficial to optimizing the selection and design of the loudspeaker in terms of materials, structures, and parameters, thereby improving the performance and sound quality of the loudspeaker.

[0117] Optionally, the boundary definition module includes:

[0118] A first physical field setting unit, configured to set the diaphragm component to use a shell physical field when the thickness of the diaphragm of the to-be-tested speaker is less than a preset thickness and the aspect ratio is greater than a preset ratio; otherwise, set the diaphragm component to use a solid mechanics physical field;

[0119] A second physical field setting unit, configured to set other components in the to-be-tested speaker except the diaphragm component to use a solid mechanics physical field;

[0120] A third physical field setting unit, configured to set the air continuum to use a pressure acoustics frequency domain physical field;

[0121] A coupling interface setting unit, configured to set a coupling interface for the boundary between the structural model and the air continuum.

[0122] Optionally, the coupling interface setting unit is specifically configured to:

[0123] When the diaphragm component uses a shell physical field, insert a first acoustic structure boundary between the diaphragm component in the structural model and the air continuum; the coupling interface of the first acoustic structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustics frequency domain and a structural interface based on the shell;

[0124] Insert a second acoustic structure boundary between other components in the structural model and the air continuum, and the coupling interface of the second acoustic structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustics frequency domain and a structural interface based on solid mechanics.

[0125] Optionally, the frequency analysis module is specifically configured to:

[0126] Perform mesh division on the structural model and the air continuum in the wet mode simulation model respectively, and perform independence check on the mesh division results;

[0127] Perform characteristic frequency analysis on the wet mode simulation model based on the finite element analysis method to obtain the wet mode radiation resonance simulation frequency of the to-be-tested speaker in an air environment.

[0128] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0129] A dry mode simulation module, configured to disable the first acoustic structure boundary and the second acoustic structure boundary in the wet mode simulation model to obtain a dry mode simulation model;

[0130] A dry mode frequency simulation module, configured to perform characteristic frequency analysis on the dry mode simulation model based on the finite element analysis method to obtain the dry mode radiation resonance simulation frequency of the to-be-tested speaker in a vacuum environment;

[0131] A frequency comparison module for comparing the wet-mode radiation resonance simulation frequency and the dry-mode radiation resonance simulation frequency.

[0132] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0133] A wet-mode frequency test module for placing the loudspeaker under test in air, sending an excitation signal to the loudspeaker through a signal generator, measuring a first terminal voltage signal and a first current signal of the internal circuit of the loudspeaker under test under the excitation of the excitation signal, calculating a first impedance amplitude signal according to the first terminal voltage signal and the first current signal; performing radiation resonance frequency analysis on the first impedance amplitude signal to obtain a wet-mode radiation resonance test frequency;

[0134] A dry-mode frequency test module for placing the loudspeaker under test in a vacuum device, sending an excitation signal to the loudspeaker under test through a signal generator, measuring a second terminal voltage signal and a second current signal of the internal circuit of the loudspeaker under test under the excitation of the excitation signal, calculating a second impedance amplitude signal according to the second terminal voltage signal and the second current signal; performing radiation resonance frequency analysis on the second impedance amplitude signal to obtain a dry-mode radiation resonance test frequency;

[0135] A wet-mode frequency analysis module for comparing and analyzing the wet-mode radiation resonance test frequency and the wet-mode radiation resonance simulation frequency to obtain a wet-mode radiation resonance frequency analysis result of the loudspeaker under test;

[0136] A dry-mode frequency analysis module for comparing and analyzing the dry-mode radiation resonance test frequency and the dry-mode radiation resonance simulation frequency to obtain a dry-mode radiation resonance frequency analysis result of the loudspeaker under test.

[0137] Optionally, it further includes:

[0138] A displacement measurement module for detecting a first displacement signal generated by the diaphragm of the loudspeaker under test based on the excitation signal through a laser sensor after obtaining the wet-mode radiation resonance test frequency;

[0139] A wet-mode vibration mass calculation module for fitting the first displacement signal to obtain an effective force coefficient, and calculating the wet-mode vibration mass according to the effective force coefficient and the wet-mode radiation resonance test frequency;

[0140] A parameter calculation module for calculating the compliance coefficient, stiffness coefficient and mechanical resistance of the loudspeaker under test according to the wet-mode vibration mass and the modal radiation resonance test frequency;

[0141] The dry modal vibration mass calculation module is used to calculate the dry modal vibration mass according to the wet modal vibration mass and the vibration radiation area of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker to be measured;

[0142] The model parameter adjustment module is used to adjust the structural model parameters of the loudspeaker to be measured according to the compliance coefficient, the stiffness coefficient, the mechanical resistance, and the dry modal vibration mass.

[0143] The loudspeaker frequency analysis device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can execute the loudspeaker frequency analysis method provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method.

[0144] Embodiment III

[0145] Figure 5 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as, laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as, personal digital processors, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0146] As Figure 5 shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc. Among them, the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can execute various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 into the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. The input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0147] Multiple components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disc, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0148] The processor 11 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the frequency analysis method of the speaker.

[0149] In some embodiments, the frequency analysis method of the speaker can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as the storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the frequency analysis method of the speaker described above can be executed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to execute the frequency analysis method of the speaker in any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0150] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in this document can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), application-specific standard products (ASSP), system-on-chip systems (SOC), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special or general programmable processor, and can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit the data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0151] In some embodiments, the method for frequency analysis of a speaker can be implemented as a computer program, which is invisibly included in a computer program product. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for frequency analysis of the speaker of the present invention. A computer program product can be understood as a software product that mainly implements its solution through a computer program. The computer program for implementing the method of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing devices, such that when the computer programs are executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, executed partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as an independent software package, or executed entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0152] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0153] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0154] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected to each other by digital data communication in any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0155] A computing system can include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or a cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, and solves the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability existing in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0156] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps recited in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.

[0157] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for frequency analysis of a loudspeaker, characterized in that: include: Constructing a wet modal simulation model of the speaker to be tested in an air environment according to the structural model of the speaker to be tested and the air continuum; configuring material properties for structural components in the wet modal simulation model; Setting physical fields and defining boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model; The wet modal simulation model is meshed and subjected to characteristic frequency analysis.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of setting a physical field and defining boundaries for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model includes: When the thickness of the diaphragm of the speaker to be tested is less than a preset thickness and the aspect ratio is greater than a preset ratio, the diaphragm component is set to use a shell physical field; otherwise, the diaphragm component is set to use a solid mechanics physical field; Setting the other components of the speaker to be tested except the diaphragm component to use solid mechanics physical field; Setting the air continuum to use pressure acoustic frequency domain physics; A coupling interface is set for the boundary between the structural model and the air continuum.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of setting a coupling interface for the boundary between the structural model and the air continuum includes: In the case where the diaphragm component uses a shell physical field, a first acoustic-structure boundary is inserted between the diaphragm component and the air continuum in the structural model; the coupling interface of the first acoustic-structure boundary includes: an acoustic interface based on the pressure acoustic frequency domain and a structural interface based on the shell; A second acoustic-structure boundary is inserted between other components in the structural model and the air continuum, and a coupling interface of the second acoustic-structure boundary includes an acoustic interface based on pressure acoustic frequency domain and a structural interface based on solid mechanics.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The meshing of the wet modal simulation model and the characteristic frequency analysis include: Meshing the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model respectively, and performing an independence check on the meshing results; Based on the finite element analysis method, a characteristic frequency analysis is performed on the wet modal simulation model to obtain the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency of the speaker to be tested in an air environment.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Also includes: Setting the first acoustic structure boundary and the second acoustic structure boundary in the wet modal simulation model to be disabled to obtain a dry modal simulation model; Performing characteristic frequency analysis on the dry mode simulation model based on a finite element analysis method to obtain a dry mode radiation resonance simulation frequency of the speaker to be tested in a vacuum environment; A frequency comparison is performed between the wet mode radiation resonance simulation frequency and the dry mode radiation resonance simulation frequency.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Also includes: The speaker to be tested is placed in the air, an excitation signal is sent to the speaker through a signal generator, a first terminal voltage signal and a first current signal of the internal circuit of the speaker to be tested are measured under the excitation of the excitation signal, and a first impedance amplitude signal is calculated based on the first terminal voltage signal and the first current signal; a radiation resonance frequency analysis is performed on the first impedance amplitude signal to obtain a wet mode radiation resonance test frequency; the speaker to be tested is placed in a vacuum device, an excitation signal is sent to the speaker to be tested through a signal generator, a second terminal voltage signal and a second current signal of the internal circuit of the speaker to be tested are measured under the excitation of the excitation signal, and a second impedance amplitude signal is calculated based on the second terminal voltage signal and the second current signal; a radiation resonance frequency analysis is performed on the second impedance amplitude signal to obtain a dry mode radiation resonance test frequency; Comparing and analyzing the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency with the wet modal radiation resonance simulation frequency, to obtain a wet modal radiation resonance frequency analysis result of the speaker to be tested; The dry mode radiation resonance test frequency is compared and analyzed with the dry mode radiation resonance simulation frequency to obtain the dry mode radiation resonance frequency analysis result of the speaker to be tested.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that After obtaining the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency, it also includes: Detecting, by a laser sensor, a first displacement signal generated by the diaphragm of the speaker to be tested based on the excitation signal; Fitting the first displacement signal to obtain an effective force coefficient, and calculating the wet modal vibration mass according to the effective force coefficient and the wet modal radiation resonance test frequency; Calculating the compliance coefficient, stiffness coefficient and mechanical resistance of the speaker to be tested according to the wet modal vibration mass and the modal radiation resonance test frequency; Calculating the dry modal vibration mass according to the wet modal vibration mass and the vibration radiation area of ​​the diaphragm of the speaker to be tested; The structural model parameters of the speaker to be tested are adjusted according to the compliance coefficient, the stiffness coefficient, the mechanical resistance and the dry modal vibration mass.

8. A frequency analysis device for a loudspeaker, characterized in that: include: A simulation model building module, used to build a wet modal simulation model of the speaker to be tested in an air environment according to the structural model of the speaker to be tested and the air continuum; A material configuration module, used for configuring material properties of structural components in the wet modal simulation model; A boundary definition module, used for setting a physical field and defining a boundary for the structural model and the air continuum in the wet modal simulation model; The frequency analysis module is used to perform meshing on the wet modal simulation model and perform characteristic frequency analysis.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the frequency analysis method of the loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the frequency analysis method of a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed.

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