Regional emergency communication deployment method

Abstract

The invention relates to a regional emergency communication deployment method, which adopts fixed-point deployment of air base stations and routing exchange communication equipment according to the distribution condition of communication terminals to form a regional self-organizing wireless MESH network and provide communication guarantee. The air base station and the mooring unmanned aerial vehicle form communication backbone nodes, a plurality of backbone nodes form an MESH network, and each backbone node is composed of an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, a return system and a ground system. According to the scheme, the optimal deployment position is calculated by designing a clustering algorithm. And through real-time access of user data, a user position center and user distribution are iteratively updated, and rapid deployment and efficient management of the unmanned aerial vehicle emergency communication system are realized. And the requirements of emergency deployment and long-distance communication when an emergency disaster event occurs are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of emergency communication, and particularly to a method for deploying regional emergency communication. Background Art

[0002] With the frequent occurrence of natural disasters and emergencies, a fast and effective emergency communication system has become an important tool for ensuring the safety of people's lives and property and the normal operation of society. Traditional emergency communication systems mostly rely on ground communication infrastructure, such as mobile base station vehicles or temporarily erected communication towers. However, these systems often face problems such as infrastructure damage or inability to quickly reach the disaster area after a disaster, seriously affecting the timeliness and effectiveness of emergency response.

[0003] As an affordable aerial platform, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely used in disaster area search and rescue, edge communication, and other types of temporary communication service fields due to their wide service coverage and flexible configuration advantages. The key to the deployment of UAVs lies in setting their specific positions in three-dimensional space to achieve goals such as reducing communication costs and expanding the coverage area. However, the current deployment methods cannot achieve the rapid deployment and efficient management of UAV emergency communication systems, resulting in the inability to meet the communication needs of users in emergency situations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for deploying regional emergency communication to solve the problems encountered in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for deploying regional emergency communication, characterized in that: the method is a tethered UAV carrying a base station and a routing and switching device, which serves as an aerial base station and an aerial communication node of the emergency communication system, and forms a self-organizing network in the air according to a mesh network topology. The method deploys the position of the tethered UAV emergency communication system and matches it with ground users by designing a clustering algorithm, and is realized by iteratively updating the user position center and user allocation, specifically according to the following steps:

[0007] S1. Randomly select N user coordinate points as the initial clustering centers of the UAV group, and these N user coordinate nodes are backbone nodes;

[0008] S2. Enter a loop, and calculate the distance from each user in the user coordinate dataset to these clustering centers and the received signal strength in turn; calculate the received signal strength and distance between the N backbone nodes in turn;

[0009] S3. Assign the users that meet the received signal strength requirements to the clustering center of the UAV group with the smallest distance;

[0010] S4. Recalculate the average horizontal and vertical coordinates of all users within each cluster as the coordinates of the new cluster center for clustering.

[0011] S5. If the coordinate distance between the new center point and the previous center point is less than the set threshold, the iteration process stops; if not, return to the loop to continue the iteration.

[0012] S6. Output the deployment coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle group, that is, the coordinates of the backbone nodes for aerial networking.

[0013] S7. For N coordinate points, calculate the forwarding route hop count between any two nodes respectively. If the hop count > 6, randomly select N + 1 initial points and repeat S2 to S6 until the relay hop count between any two backbone nodes is less than 6.

[0014] S8. Output the deployment quantity and deployment coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle group.

[0015] In the above solution, the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle emergency communication system includes an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, a ground system, and a backhaul system. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform is installed with a communication base station, a wireless gateway, and a self-organizing network communication device.

[0016] The ground system is a supporting emergency ground tethered platform including a power supply. The ground system is installed with a power supply device and a network switching unit.

[0017] Moreover, the unmanned aerial vehicle platform is connected to the ground system through an optical and electrical composite tethered cable. The unmanned aerial vehicle platform and its payload use the optical and electrical composite tethered cable to connect to the ground power supply to obtain continuous power supply. Among them, the optical and electrical composite tethered cable internally contains optical fibers to provide internal data transmission for communication equipment.

[0018] The backhaul system is the transmission link of the base station. Satellite relay, microwave relay, fiber direct connection and other backhaul methods can be adopted to connect to the ground core network to achieve emergency support capabilities.

[0019] The tethered unmanned aerial vehicle emergency communication system supports wireless dynamic networking and network logical grouping; supports point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and multipoint-to-multipoint communication methods, supports dynamic routing multi-hop relay, and supports star-shaped, linear, mesh, and hybrid dynamic network topologies.

[0020] In addition, the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle emergency communication system supports video transmission and long-distance voice communication, conducts mission scheduling for unmanned aerial vehicle communication command, supports local and remote management, is equipped with a Web-based function management component, can set parameters such as working frequency, channel bandwidth, network ID, and transmission power, and displays and statistically records parameters such as network topology and link quality in real time.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By designing a clustering algorithm, the present solution deploys the position of the tethered UAV emergency communication system and matches it with ground users, which is achieved through iterative updating of the user position center and user allocation, realizing the aerial self-organizing network and efficient management of the UAV emergency communication system, enabling long-distance communication and emergency deployment in the event of an emergency disaster, so as to meet the communication needs of users in an emergency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The disclosure of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components. Among them:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the tethered UAV emergency communication system in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the matching between the tethered UAV and ground users in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the method for deploying the position of the tethered UAV in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the relevant components of the present invention.

[0027] According to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essence of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can propose various structural ways and implementation ways that can be mutually replaced. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as all of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, a method for deploying regional emergency communication, which is a tethered UAV equipped with a base station and a routing and switching device, serving as an aerial base station and an aerial communication node of the emergency communication system, forming a wireless MESH self-organizing communication network in the air according to a mesh network topology.

[0030] According to the distribution of communication terminals, this method deploys aerial base stations and routing and switching communication devices at fixed points to form a regional self-organizing wireless MESH network to provide communication guarantee. The aerial base stations are accompanied by tethered drones to form communication backbone nodes, and several backbone nodes form a MESH network. Each backbone node consists of a drone platform, a backhaul system, and a ground system.

[0031] This method deploys the position of the tethered drone emergency communication system and matches it with ground users by designing a clustering algorithm, which is achieved through iterative updating of the user position center and user allocation. The specific steps are as follows:

[0032] S1. Randomly select N user coordinate points as the initial clustering centers for the drone group, and these N user coordinate nodes are the backbone nodes;

[0033] S2. Enter the loop, and calculate the distance from each user in the user coordinate dataset to these clustering centers and the received signal strength in turn; calculate the received signal strength and distance between the N backbone nodes in turn;

[0034] S3. Assign the users that meet the received signal strength requirements to the clustering center of the drone group with the minimum distance;

[0035] S4. Recalculate the mean values of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of all users within each clustering cluster as the coordinates of the new clustering center;

[0036] S5. If the coordinate distance between the new center point and the previous center point is less than the set threshold, the iteration process stops; if not, return to the loop to continue the iteration;

[0037] S6. Output the deployment coordinates of the drone group, that is, the coordinates of the backbone nodes for aerial networking;

[0038] S7. For the N coordinate points, calculate the forwarding route hop count between any two nodes respectively. If the hop count > 6, randomly select N + 1 initial points, and repeat S2 to S6 until the relay hop count between any two backbone nodes is less than 6;

[0039] S8. Output the deployment quantity and deployment coordinates of the drone group.

[0040] Example 2. Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the tethered drone emergency communication system includes a drone platform, a ground system, and a backhaul system. The drone platform is equipped with a variety of mission payloads, including communication base station equipment and self-organizing network equipment, providing an airborne platform for the long-term communication guarantee ability of the base station. The drone platform installs base stations and routing and switching equipment.

[0041] The ground system is a supporting emergency ground mooring platform including a power supply. It provides 220V voltage for the ground power supply through a generator or mains power supply, and installs a cable reel on the ground mooring platform for the winding and unwinding of cables. The ground system installs network access equipment.

[0042] Moreover, the UAV platform is connected to the ground system through an 80 - 100 - meter fiber - optic composite mooring cable. The fiber - optic composite mooring cable can use the cable reel for winding and unwinding the cable, and the cable reel is installed in the ground system. The UAV platform and its payload use the fiber - optic composite mooring cable to connect to the ground power supply to obtain continuous power supply. Among them, the fiber - optic composite mooring cable has an internal optical fiber to provide internal data transmission for communication equipment and is connected to the ground network access equipment.

[0043] The backhaul system is the transmission link of the base station. It can adopt backhaul methods such as satellite relay, microwave relay, and fiber - optic direct connection to connect to the ground core network to achieve emergency support capabilities. It can communicate with the remote controller through the integrated controller, and then use the remote controller to control the UAV to achieve emergency communication. The UAV can be a multi - rotor UAV.

[0044] The tethered UAV emergency communication system supports wireless dynamic networking, supports network logical grouping, supports dynamic routing multi - hop relay, and supports star - shaped, linear, mesh, and hybrid dynamic network topologies.

[0045] In addition, the tethered UAV emergency communication system supports video transmission and long - distance voice communication, conducts communication command task scheduling for the UAV, supports automatic carrier tracking, supports local and remote management, is equipped with a Web - based function management component, can set parameters such as working frequency, channel bandwidth, network ID, and transmission power, and can display and statistically record parameters such as network topology and link quality in real - time.

[0046] The communication system on the tethered UAV supports multiple communication methods, integrates communication and network switching modules, and realizes the interconnection between multi - modal terminal devices through a multi - mode communication gateway. Considering the power consumption and weight of each communication module, a ground centralized power supply method is adopted to reduce the weight of the airborne load and ensure that the entire system supports long - term reliable operation.

[0047] Embodiment 3, based on Embodiment 1, a method for regional emergency communication deployment. This method uses a clustering algorithm to deploy the position of the tethered UAV emergency communication system and match it with ground users, which is achieved by iteratively updating the user position center and user allocation. Specifically, it follows the following steps:

[0048] S 1 : Randomly select N user coordinate points as the initial UAV component clustering centers, and these N user coordinate nodes are backbone nodes;

[0049] S 1.1: The number of drones N, the number of users M, and the user coordinates are (X 1 , Y 1 ), (X 2 , Y 2 )...(X m , Y m );

[0050] S 1.2 : Initialize the iteration count i = 0;

[0051] S 1.3 : Randomly select N samples from the user coordinate dataset as the initial clustering centers of the drone group, and their coordinates are (X C1 , Y C1 ), (X C2 , Y C2 )...(X Cn , Y Cn );

[0052] S 2 : Loop through the following steps:

[0053] S 2.1 : Set i = i + 1;

[0054] S 2.2 : Calculate the distance d from each user in the user coordinate dataset to these cluster center points of the drone groups in turn m,n = ||(X M , Y M ) - (X Cn , Y Cn )|| 2 ;

[0055] S 2.3 : Assign each user to the cluster center point of the drone group with the minimum distance;

[0056] S 2.4 : Recalculate the mean of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of all users within each cluster as the coordinates of the new cluster center point

[0057] S 2.5 : If the coordinate distance between the new center point and the previous center point is less than the set threshold, that is then the iteration process stops; if not, return to the loop and continue the iteration;

[0058] S 3 : Output the deployment coordinates of the drone group

[0059] S 4 : Calculate respectively Forward routing hop count. If the hop count > 6, randomly select N + 1 initial points and repeat the above steps until the networking relay hop count is satisfied.

[0060] S 5 : Output the deployment quantity and deployment coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle group.

[0061] The specific implementation manners described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation manners of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regional emergency communication deployment method, characterized in that: The method is to use a tethered drone equipped with a base station and a routing switching device as an air base station and an air communication node of an emergency communication system, and to form a wireless MESH self-organizing communication network in the air according to a mesh network topology. The method deploys the position of the tethered drone emergency communication system and matches it with ground users by designing a clustering algorithm, and is implemented by iteratively updating the user location center and user allocation, specifically according to the following steps: S1, randomly select N user coordinate points as the initial UAV component clustering center points, and these N user coordinate nodes are backbone nodes; S2, enter a loop, calculate the distance from each user in the user coordinate data set to the center points of these clusters and the strength of the received signal; calculate the received signal strength and distance between N backbone nodes in turn; S3, assigning users who meet the received signal strength requirements to the center point of the drone component cluster with the smallest distance; S4, recalculate the mean of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of all users in each cluster as the new cluster center coordinates; S5. If the coordinate distance between the new center point and the previous center point is less than the set threshold, the iteration process stops; if not, return to the loop to continue the iteration; S6. Output the deployment coordinates of the drone group, i.e. the coordinates of the backbone nodes of the aerial network; S7. For N coordinate points, calculate the forwarding routing hop count between any two nodes. If the hop count is greater than 6, randomly select N+1 initial points and repeat S2 to S6 until the relay hop count between any two backbone nodes is less than 6. S8. Output the deployment quantity and deployment coordinates of the drone group.

2. A regional emergency communication deployment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each node of the tethered UAV emergency communication system includes a UAV platform, a base station and routing switching equipment, a backhaul system, a ground control system and a power supply system. Several nodes form an aerial backbone network with a mesh network topology, and the nodes are connected to the access terminal in a star topology.

3. A regional emergency communication deployment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The UAV platform is equipped with a variety of mission payloads, including communication base station equipment and ad hoc network equipment, providing an airborne platform for the base station's long-term communication guarantee capability.

4. A regional emergency communication deployment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground system is a supporting emergency ground tethered platform including a power supply, and the ground system is installed with a power supply unit and an access gateway; the UAV platform is installed with a base station, a self-organizing network device and a routing switching device.

5. A regional emergency communication deployment method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The UAV platform is connected to the ground system via an optoelectronic composite tethering cable, and the UAV platform and the payload are connected to a ground power source via the optoelectronic composite tethering cable to obtain a continuous power supply.

6. A method for deploying regional emergency communications according to claim 5, characterized in that: The built-in optical fiber in the optoelectronic composite tethering cable provides data transmission inside the communication device and connects the base station and routing switching equipment of the UAV platform.

7. A regional emergency communication deployment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: A wireless MESH network is formed between several aerial base stations. The backhaul system is the transmission link of the base station, which is connected to the ground core network through backhaul communication to achieve emergency support capabilities.

8. A regional emergency communication deployment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tethered drone emergency communication system supports wireless dynamic networking and network logical grouping; The tethered drone emergency communication system supports point-to-point, point-to-many, and many-to-many communication modes, supports dynamic routing multi-hop relay, and supports star, linear, mesh, and hybrid dynamic network topologies; The tethered drone emergency communication system supports image transmission and long-distance voice communication, and dispatches drone communication command tasks; The tethered drone emergency communication system supports local and remote management, is equipped with a Web-based functional management component for parameter setting, and performs real-time display and statistical recording of network topology and link quality parameters.

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