RFID positioning system

Abstract

The invention relates to an RFID-based positioning system, which adopts dynamic space-time calibration, an environment adaptive algorithm and a block chain equipment management technology, and aims to solve the problems of signal attenuation, positioning error and insufficient equipment management transparency of the existing RFID positioning system in a complex environment. The system comprises an RFID tag module, an RFID reader module, an environment adaptive module and a background management system. And the RFID tag module is integrated with an environment sensor, so that environment change can be monitored in real time, environment data can be transmitted, and the signal intensity can be adjusted. And the RFID reader module accurately calculates the positioning information of the tag through a multi-band signal receiving and space-time calibration algorithm. And the environment self-adaptive module dynamically adjusts working parameters of equipment according to the environment data so as to cope with the influence of factors such as temperature and humidity and electromagnetic interference. The system also manages the device state through a block chain technology, and guarantees the transparency and non-tampering performance of device maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and particularly to an RFID positioning system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technologies have been widely applied in fields such as logistics, warehousing, intelligent manufacturing, personnel tracking, etc. Traditional RFID positioning systems often face the following challenges in practical applications:

[0003] Signal attenuation and interference: RFID signals are affected by factors such as temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference in complex environments, resulting in unstable signal strength and thus affecting positioning accuracy.

[0004] Positioning accuracy issues: Existing systems rely on fixed positioning algorithms and lack the ability to adapt to environmental changes, resulting in large positioning errors in variable environments and being unable to meet high-precision requirements.

[0005] Insufficient transparency in device management and maintenance: In RFID systems, it is often difficult to track the status of devices (such as faults, repairs, etc.) in real time, and it is easy to have situations where device maintenance and management are not timely, resulting in reduced system reliability.

[0006] To address these problems, the present invention proposes an RFID-based positioning system, which realizes improved positioning accuracy, enhanced environmental adaptability, and transparency in device management through the following innovative technical solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of the present invention is to provide an improved RFID positioning system, which has the following advantages:

[0008] By means of a dynamic spatio-temporal calibration algorithm, the positioning accuracy is improved, and particularly, the positioning error can be effectively reduced in complex environments.

[0009] Through environmental adaptive technologies, dynamic adjustment of RFID signal strength is realized to ensure the stability of positioning accuracy under different environmental conditions.

[0010] Blockchain technologies are adopted to manage the device status to ensure the transparency and traceability of device management.

[0011] Improve the working efficiency and reliability of RFID tags and readers, extend the service life of devices, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0012] Technical Solutions of the Invention

[0013] To achieve the above objective, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0014] RFID Tag Module:

[0015] The RFID tag includes an integrated chip and multiple environmental sensors that can monitor environmental factors (temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference). The tag communicates with the RFID reader via a wireless signal. During signal transmission, the environmental sensors collect data in real-time and transmit the environmental data to the reader or the back-end management system to achieve dynamic signal strength adjustment.

[0016] RFID Reader Module:

[0017] The RFID reader module is configured with multi-band signal reception capabilities and can receive multi-band signals from RFID tags. The reader adapts to changes in different environments by dynamically adjusting its reception sensitivity and transmission power to ensure stable and reliable reception of tag signals. The reader also has a built-in spatio-temporal calibration algorithm that adjusts the positioning parameters in real-time according to the relative distance between the tag and the reader and environmental data to improve positioning accuracy.

[0018] Spatio-Temporal Calibration and Multi-Band Signal Fusion Algorithm:

[0019] The system of the present invention uses a spatio-temporal calibration algorithm to calculate and dynamically adjust the positioning error based on the signal strength and transmission time between each tag and multiple RFID readers through a mathematical model (path loss model). The multi-band signal fusion algorithm fuses the signal strengths from multiple bands by means of weighted averaging to eliminate the influence of different bands on positioning accuracy and improve the overall positioning accuracy.

[0020] Environmental Adaptation Module:

[0021] The environmental adaptation module dynamically adjusts the signal strength according to the environmental data (temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference) received by the RFID tag and the reader. For example, when the temperature in the warehouse rises, the system can automatically increase the signal power of the RFID reader to compensate for the signal attenuation caused by temperature changes. This module can adjust the signal strength using the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] where P adjusted is the adjusted signal power, P 0 is the initial signal power, d 0 is the reference distance, d is the actual distance between the tag and the reader, α is the environmental loss factor, and f(E) is the coefficient adjusted according to environmental factors (temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference).

[0024] Blockchain Device Management:

[0025] The system uses blockchain technology to manage the device status of RFID tags and readers. Whenever the device status changes (fault, maintenance), the system will generate a new block and write the device status information into the blockchain to ensure the transparency, immutability, and traceability of the device status. For example, the system can record device faults, maintenance history, and relevant operator information to ensure the comprehensiveness and security of device management.

[0026] Backend management system:

[0027] The backend management system is used to receive the data transmitted by RFID tags and readers and generate a location map of items or personnel based on real-time positioning information. The system can also generate maintenance reminders according to the device status records, detect device faults in a timely manner and repair them to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system. This system can be integrated with other management systems (inventory management system, production scheduling system) to achieve comprehensive intelligent management.

[0028] Beneficial effects

[0029] 1. Through the dynamic spatio-temporal calibration algorithm and multi-band signal fusion technology, the present invention can effectively reduce the positioning error caused by environmental interference or signal attenuation, significantly improve the positioning accuracy, especially in complex environments.

[0030] 2. By adopting the environment adaptive technology, the system can automatically adjust the working parameters of RFID readers and tags according to the real-time monitored environmental changes to ensure the stability of positioning accuracy in different environments. By dynamically adjusting the signal power and receiving sensitivity, the system can cope with the influence of factors such as temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference on the signal.

[0031] 3. The present invention records the status changes of RFID devices through blockchain technology to ensure the transparency and immutability of device management. The statuses such as device faults and maintenance will be recorded in real time and can be queried at any time, which improves the device management efficiency and reduces the device failure rate and maintenance cost.

[0032] 4. The RFID positioning system of the present invention is not only applicable to application scenarios such as intelligent warehouses and logistics tracking, but also can be widely applied to fields such as intelligent factories, personnel positioning, and medical monitoring, with broad market prospects and application value.

[0033] The present invention provides an RFID-based positioning system, which combines advanced technologies such as dynamic spatio-temporal calibration, environment adaptive technology, and blockchain device management, significantly improving the positioning accuracy, system stability, and transparency of device management. This system is applicable to the positioning of items or personnel in complex environments and can achieve efficient and stable intelligent management, with important application value and commercial potential. Description of the drawings

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only those of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the label module structure of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 Functional schematic diagram of the reader module of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the calculation process of spatio-temporal calibration and multi-band signal reception of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the environmental adaptive adjustment of the RFID positioning system of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the blockchain device management process of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the blockchain record of the device status change of the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The following will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it should be noted here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments. For some well-known technologies, those skilled in the art can also adopt other alternative methods for implementation; moreover, the drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0043] It should be pointed out that in the specification, when referring to "an embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc., it indicates that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not necessarily every embodiment includes such specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when combining an embodiment to describe a specific feature, structure or characteristic, implementing such a feature, structure or characteristic in combination with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the relevant art.

[0044] Generally, terms can be understood at least in part from their use in context. For example, depending at least in part on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or property in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or properties in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather can alternatively, at least in part depending on the context, allow for the existence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0045] The RFID positioning system of the present invention utilizes dynamic spatio-temporal calibration technology, environment adaptive algorithms, and blockchain device management technology, and is capable of providing high-precision and strong-stability positioning services in complex environments. The following details the specific implementation manners of the system and adds corresponding calculation formulas to further clarify the technical implementation details.

[0046] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,

[0047] I. RFID Tag Module

[0048] The RFID tag module is one of the core components in the system. Its main function is to communicate with the RFID reader through wireless signals and provide location-related data. In the present invention, the RFID tag module integrates the following two key functions:

[0049] RFID Chip: The RFID tag is built-in with a standard RFID chip (ISO18000 or ISO15693 standard). This chip is responsible for the wireless communication between the RFID tag and the RFID reader. Each tag has a unique ID. When the tag receives an interrogation signal from the reader, the chip will send its ID and other necessary information back to the reader via radio waves.

[0050] Environmental Sensors: The tag integrates environmental sensors (including temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and electromagnetic interference sensors). These sensors continuously monitor the changes in the environment where the tag is located and transmit the monitored environmental data to the RFID reader. Based on the environmental data, the RFID reader can dynamically adjust the signal transmission parameters to cope with different environmental changes and ensure the positioning accuracy.

[0051] Temperature and Humidity Sensors: Can detect the temperature and humidity of the environment and transmit them to the reader to help adjust the signal strength (for example: when the temperature is high, the signal attenuation is serious, and the reader will appropriately increase the transmission power).

[0052] Electromagnetic Interference Sensors: Used to monitor the electromagnetic interference level in the environment and feedback the electromagnetic environment information so that the reader can select an appropriate frequency band and signal strength in a high-interference environment.

[0053] Tag operating mode: The RFID tag has an adaptive power management mode. In the case of no activity for a long time, the tag will enter the low-power mode to extend the battery life; when the tag needs to transmit data, the tag will increase the power to ensure stable signal transmission.

[0054] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,

[0055] II. RFID Reader Module

[0056] The RFID reader is one of the core devices of this positioning system, responsible for receiving signals from RFID tags and performing positioning calculations through built-in algorithms. To improve the positioning accuracy and anti-interference ability of the system, the RFID reader module has the following functions:

[0057] Multi-band and multi-channel reception: Traditional RFID systems usually use a single band for signal reception, while this system adopts a multi-band and multi-channel design. The RFID reader supports signal reception in multiple bands, can receive signals from different bands simultaneously, and combines time-domain multiplexing technology to perform weighted fusion on the signals. In this way, even in an environment with strong electromagnetic interference or obvious multipath effects, the reader can increase the reliability and accuracy of positioning through the overlapping information of different signal channels.

[0058] Dynamic signal strength adjustment: The reader is equipped with a function to automatically adjust the signal strength. When the system detects weak signals or interference, the reader will dynamically increase the signal transmission power; when the environment is relatively stable or the tag is at a relatively short distance, the reader will automatically reduce the power to save energy consumption. This adjustment is carried out in real time according to the environmental data and signal feedback transmitted back from the RFID tag, ensuring the stability of the system in a changing environment.

[0059] See Figure 4 ,

[0060] Space-time calibration algorithm: The space-time calibration algorithm is one of the key technologies for the system to improve positioning accuracy. By calculating the relative position, signal strength, and signal transmission time parameters between the tag and the reader in real time, the reader can dynamically adjust the positioning result and correct the error in signal propagation in real time. The space-time calibration algorithm performs positioning calculations in combination with the following formula:

[0061] Signal strength attenuation calculation:

[0062]

[0063] Where:

[0064] PL(d) is the path loss at distance d (unit: dB); PL(d 0) is the reference distance d 0 is the path loss (unit: dB) at; n is the environmental loss factor (usually between 2 - 4, depending on the complexity of the environment); d is the distance the signal travels (unit: meters); d 0 is the reference distance (usually 1 meter). By calculating the path loss, the reader can estimate the relative distance of the tag based on the received signal strength.

[0065] III. Signal Processing and Location Algorithm Module

[0066] The signal processing and location algorithm module is responsible for processing the signals received by the reader and calculating the exact location of the tag. The location algorithm in this system combines dynamic signal strength adjustment, multi - band fusion, and spatio - temporal calibration technologies to improve location accuracy and stability.

[0067] Dynamic Signal Strength Adjustment: Signal strength is an important factor affecting RFID location accuracy. To cope with signal attenuation or interference in the environment, the system adjusts the signal strength in real - time. The reader dynamically adjusts the transmit power and receive sensitivity based on the signal strength data received each time. For example, in areas with significant signal attenuation, the system will increase the transmit power of the signal to ensure that the tag's signal is successfully received.

[0068] Time - Domain Multiplexing and Multi - Band Signal Fusion: The system combines signals of different frequency bands through multi - band reception and time - domain multiplexing technologies and performs weighted averaging. In this way, signals from different frequency bands can effectively complement each other, improving location accuracy and reducing interference. For example, the system can allocate time for signals of multiple frequency bands to reduce co - channel interference and enhance signal stability.

[0069] Signal Fusion Formula:

[0070]

[0071] Where:

[0072] P fused is the fused signal strength;

[0073] P i is the signal strength of the i - th frequency band (or channel); w i is the weight of the i - th frequency band. Usually, the weights can be allocated according to signal quality (including signal - to - noise ratio, attenuation degree); n is the total number of signal channels.

[0074] Space-Time Calibration Algorithm: In complex environments, signal reflection, obstacles, and multipath effects often lead to a decline in positioning accuracy. This system adjusts position estimation in real time through a space-time calibration algorithm and automatically corrects positioning errors. This algorithm combines multi-channel signal data to perform optimized calculations on the position to ensure the stability of positioning accuracy. The triangulation positioning calculation formula is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] By solving these equations, the reader can calculate the coordinates (x t , y t ) of the tag.

[0077] Refer to Figure 5

[0078] IV. Environment Adaptive Module

[0079] The main task of the environment adaptive module is to automatically adjust the working parameters of the RFID system according to environmental changes. This module monitors changes in the external environment (including temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference) in real time through environmental sensors and automatically adjusts the working mode of the RFID system.

[0080] Environmental Data Acquisition: Environmental sensors collect real-time data on changes in the surrounding environment and transmit it wirelessly to the signal processing module. For example, a temperature sensor monitors the environmental temperature, a humidity sensor monitors the air humidity, and an electromagnetic interference sensor detects the intensity of electromagnetic interference.

[0081] Data Processing and Adjustment: After receiving data from the environmental sensors, the signal processing module automatically analyzes the current environmental conditions and adjusts the working frequency and transmission power parameters of the RFID system. If strong electromagnetic interference or significant temperature and humidity changes are detected in the environment, the system will automatically adjust the working parameters to ensure stable signal transmission.

[0082] Performance Optimization: The environment adaptation module can intelligently optimize system performance. For example, when the humidity in the environment increases, which may cause signal attenuation, the system can automatically increase the signal transmission power; when electromagnetic interference is strong, the system will switch to a less interference-prone frequency band, thereby improving system stability.

[0083] Refer to Figure 6 ,

[0084] V. Blockchain Device Management

[0085] To ensure the transparency and security of device management, the system uses blockchain technology to perform decentralized management of device status. Each change in the device status (including online status, fault reports, and maintenance records) generates a new block, ensuring the traceability of the device management process.

[0086] Refer to Figure 7 ,

[0087] Device status record: Each time the device status changes, the system automatically generates a block containing the status information and adds it to the blockchain. The record of the device status includes the device ID, status type (including online, faulty, under repair), and timestamp information.

[0088] Transparent device management: Through blockchain technology, all device status changes are publicly recorded and cannot be tampered with. Managers can view the historical status of the devices at any time to ensure the transparency and traceability of device operation.

[0089] The RFID positioning system of the present invention significantly improves the positioning accuracy, anti-interference ability, and device management efficiency of the RFID system by combining multi-band signal fusion, spatio-temporal calibration algorithm, environment adaptation technology, and blockchain device management. The system can adaptively adjust the signal strength and operating frequency band in various complex environments to provide stable and reliable positioning services.

[0090] The following are embodiments designed according to the RFID positioning system of the present invention, which specifically show the operation mode, hardware components, and working process of the system in actual applications.

[0091] Embodiment 1: Application in intelligent warehouse management

[0092] Background:

[0093] In a large intelligent warehouse, a large number of items are stored. Traditional barcode scanning and manual inventory methods cannot effectively improve work efficiency and accuracy. To solve this problem, a company decides to introduce an RFID positioning system to achieve real-time tracking and precise positioning of warehouse items.

[0094] System configuration:

[0095] RFID tags: Each item in the warehouse is installed with an RFID tag, which contains the unique ID of the item and other information (including item name, specification, and warehousing time).

[0096] RFID readers: Multiple RFID readers are installed in the warehouse, distributed in different areas of the warehouse, responsible for receiving tag signals and transmitting data to the background management system.

[0097] Environmental sensors: The tags are built-in with environmental sensors (including temperature sensors and humidity sensors) to monitor environmental changes in real time and provide data support for signal strength adjustment of the system.

[0098] Backend management system: Manages all tags through a central server and database. The system can display the location and other relevant information of items in real time.

[0099] Workflow:

[0100] Tag initialization and binding: When items are put into storage, the warehouse administrator binds the RFID tag of each item to the item information in the database (including item ID, name, and specifications). The tag communicates with the RFID reader via wireless signals, and the tag ID and item information are uploaded to the backend system.

[0101] Dynamic signal strength adjustment:

[0102] The RFID tag is built-in with an environmental sensor (temperature and humidity sensor) to monitor the changes in the surrounding environment in real time. Suppose the humidity in the warehouse is high, the system will adjust the signal strength of the reader according to the environmental data. An increase in humidity may cause signal attenuation, and the reader will automatically increase the signal strength to ensure stable signal transmission.

[0103] At the same time, the signal strength between the tag and the reader is dynamically adjusted according to a calculation formula:

[0104]

[0105] This formula helps the system estimate signal attenuation based on the relative distance between the tag and the reader, and then adjust the power of signal transmission.

[0106] Item positioning and tracking:

[0107] Each RFID tag has a unique ID. The tag sends data via radio waves, and after the reader receives the signal, it calculates the precise location of the item through a triangulation algorithm.

[0108] Suppose there are multiple readers in the warehouse. The signal strength of the tag will be affected by the distance between the item and the reader and environmental interference. The system will use the triangulation formula for multiple measurements and optimize the position estimation:

[0109]

[0110] Through calculation, the system can accurately determine the real-time location of each item.

[0111] Item management and query:

[0112] The warehouse administrator can view the location information of items in real time through the backend management system. When an item is moved, the system will automatically update the location information of the item and record the relevant information of the operator (including operation time, movement path).

[0113] If an item does not appear in a specific area as expected, the system will automatically alarm and record the device status change (including tag failure, loss) through the device management blockchain.

[0114] Historical records and data analysis:

[0115] The system can perform data analysis and prediction through the data of environmental sensors and the historical records of item locations. By analyzing the temperature and humidity change trends in the warehouse, the system can predict in advance the environmental factors that may cause signal attenuation, and automatically adjust the system parameters to ensure positioning accuracy.

[0116] Blockchain device management:

[0117] All RFID tags, readers, and related hardware devices in the warehouse are managed through blockchain technology. Whenever the device status changes (including failure, repair), the system will generate a corresponding block and record the status on the blockchain to ensure that the device status information is transparent and tamper-proof.

[0118] When an RFID reader in the warehouse fails, the background system automatically generates the following device status change block:

[0119] Device ID: Read001

[0120] Fault type: Abnormal signal reception

[0121] Fault time: December 1, 2024 10:30:00

[0122] Repair record: A repair request has been submitted, and the estimated repair time is in the afternoon of December 1.

[0123] Through blockchain records, the status changes of each device can be traced at any time to ensure the transparency of device management.

[0124] Example 2: Personnel positioning application in an intelligent factory

[0125] Background:

[0126] In a certain intelligent manufacturing factory, it is necessary to monitor the real-time positions of workers in the factory area to ensure safety and improve production efficiency. The factory decides to deploy an RFID positioning system to accurately track the positions of workers and integrate with the production scheduling system in real time.

[0127] System configuration:

[0128] RFID tag: Each worker wears an RFID tag in the factory, and the tag contains the worker's ID, affiliated department, and position information.

[0129] RFID Readers: Multiple RFID readers are installed in the factory, distributed at key locations including workshops, warehouses, and production lines, responsible for receiving the tag signals worn by workers.

[0130] Environmental Sensors: The tags are embedded with temperature and humidity sensors to monitor environmental factors in real-time.

[0131] Central Control System: Through the factory's central server, it can obtain the location of each worker in real-time and interface with the production task scheduling system.

[0132] Workflow:

[0133] Tag Binding and Initialization:

[0134] The factory assigns an RFID tag to each worker, and the tag communicates with the RFID reader via wireless signals. Each tag is bound to the worker's personal information (including name, department, and position).

[0135] Dynamic Environment Adjustment and Positioning:

[0136] In the factory workshop and production line, the RFID reader calculates the relative position of the worker based on the received tag signal. Due to the complex working environment in the factory, there may be high-temperature or high-humidity situations, and the system will automatically adjust the signal strength to avoid inaccurate positioning caused by environmental changes.

[0137] In the high-temperature workshop of the factory, the temperature data feedback by the temperature sensor is transmitted to the RFID reader, and the system will calculate according to the formula:

[0138]

[0139] Through adaptive signal adjustment, ensure the stability of the signal and avoid signal attenuation caused by high temperature.

[0140] Real-time Tracking of Worker Location:

[0141] When the worker moves in the workshop, the RFID tag continuously exchanges data with the reader. After the reader receives the tag signal in real-time, it calculates the current position of the worker through the triangulation algorithm and uploads it to the central control system.

[0142] The system can calculate the precise position of the worker based on the signal strength between the readers. As follows:

[0143]

[0144] By monitoring the location of workers in real-time, the factory can understand the real-time working status of each worker.

[0145] Data Monitoring and Alarm Mechanism:

[0146] The system can set security alarms. When a worker enters a restricted area or stays in a dangerous area, the system will automatically trigger an alarm to notify the relevant person in charge. The alarm information will be uploaded to the central control system through real-time data recording and analyzed.

[0147] Blockchain device management:

[0148] The RFID devices (including tags and readers) in the factory are managed through the blockchain. The usage records, status changes, and fault repair information of the devices will be recorded in the blockchain to ensure the transparency of device management.

[0149] When a certain RFID reader fails, the system will automatically generate the following device status record:

[0150] Device ID: ReaderA001

[0151] Fault type: Signal reception failure

[0152] Fault time: December 5, 2024, 14:00

[0153] Repair time: December 5, 2024, 16:30

[0154] Through these embodiments, the application effects of the RFID positioning system in different scenarios can be seen. Especially in application environments that require high-precision real-time positioning, dynamic environmental adaptation, and transparent device management, the RFID positioning system can effectively improve work efficiency, reduce risks, and enhance management levels.

[0155] This invention covers any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the essence and scope of this invention. To enable the public to have a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of this invention. However, those skilled in the art can fully understand this invention even without the description of these details. Additionally, to avoid unnecessary confusion to the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0156] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of this invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A positioning system based on RFID, characterized in that: Includes the following components: An RFID tag module, used to communicate with an RFID reader via wireless signals, comprising an RFID chip and an environmental sensor for transmitting a tag ID and environmental sensor data, wherein the environmental sensor is used to monitor environmental changes and provide environmental data; An RFID reader module is used to receive the signal sent by the RFID tag module and calculate the relative position of the tag based on the received signal data. The reader module has a dynamic signal strength adjustment function, a time-space calibration algorithm, and a multi-band signal receiving function; Backend management system, which manages the data of all RFID tags and displays the location of tags in real time based on the location information calculated by the RFID reader; The environment adaptation module is used to dynamically adjust the working parameters of the RFID tag and the RFID reader according to the environment data provided by the environment sensor to ensure the positioning accuracy.

2. The RFID-based positioning system according to claim 1, wherein: The RFID tag module further includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an electromagnetic interference sensor, which are used to monitor changes in environmental factors and provide environmental data required for dynamic signal strength adjustment according to environmental changes.

3. The RFID-based positioning system according to claim 1, wherein: The RFID reader module performs positioning calculations using the following algorithm: A spatiotemporal calibration algorithm that dynamically corrects positioning errors based on the relative signal strength and transmission time between the tag and multiple RFID readers; Multi-band signal reception and fusion algorithm: the reader module receives tag signals through multiple frequency bands and fuses signals from different frequency bands by weighted averaging to provide high-precision positioning.

4. The RFID-based positioning system according to claim 3, wherein: The time-space calibration algorithm performs signal attenuation correction using the following path loss calculation formula: Where: PL(d) is the path loss at distance d; PL(d0) is the path loss at reference distance d0; n is the environmental loss factor; d is the distance the signal propagates (in meters); d0 is the reference distance.

5. The RFID-based positioning system according to claim 3, wherein: The multi-band signal reception and fusion algorithm performs weighted averaging according to the received signal strengths of multiple frequency bands, and adopts the following fusion formula: Where: P fused is the signal intensity after fusion; P i is the signal strength of the ith frequency band (or channel); w i is the weight of the i-th frequency band; n is the total number of signal channels.

6. The RFID-based positioning system of claim 1, wherein: The environmental adaptation module automatically adjusts the signal transmission power and receiving sensitivity of the RFID reader according to the environmental data to cope with changes in temperature, humidity or electromagnetic interference in the environment, thereby ensuring stable transmission of the signal.

7. The RFID-based positioning system of claim 1, wherein: The background management system manages the device status of RFID tags and RFID readers through blockchain technology. The device status includes device ID, device operation status, fault records and maintenance records, and ensures the transparency and non-tamperability of device status records through blockchain.

8. The RFID-based positioning system according to claim 7, wherein: The blockchain technology is used to record changes in device status in real time. Whenever the device status changes, a new block is generated and the device status information is added to the blockchain to ensure the traceability of the device management process.

9. The RFID-based positioning system of claim 1, wherein: The working mode of the RFID tag is an adaptive power management mode. The tag automatically enters a low power consumption mode when there is no activity for a long time, and automatically increases power when data needs to be transmitted.

10. The RFID-based positioning system of claim 1, wherein: The system is used in intelligent warehouse management, intelligent factory production line management and intelligent logistics tracking systems to provide real-time location information of items or personnel and is integrated with production scheduling, warehouse management and logistics management systems. The system can monitor the location information of items or personnel in real time and automatically alarm when items are lost or people enter restricted areas.

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