Uplink non-orthogonal access method based on ground network and non-ground network

Abstract

The invention provides an uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a ground network and a non-ground network, and the method comprises the steps: demodulating a reference signal from interference through a configured reference signal when same-frequency interference exists between the ground network and the non-ground network, and obtaining a same-frequency interference source based on the currently demodulated reference signal; based on different same-frequency interference sources between the obtained ground network and the obtained non-ground network, a non-orthogonal multiple access technology NOMA transmitter performs classification through multiple access signatures and attached features so as to help a receiver to separate superposed multi-user or multi-network signals; and distinguishing different users and / or networks and / or transmitters by using the multiple access signatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies. Specifically, it relates to an uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network. More specifically, it relates to a satellite device, a user equipment, a base station device supporting uplink non-orthogonality, and an uplink non-orthogonal access method based on the user equipment, the satellite device, and the base station. Background Art

[0002] The terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network may communicate using the same frequency band. Therefore, there may be co-channel interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network. Such interference may be in the same direction or in different directions; thus, it is necessary to identify the interference in the communication system and make corresponding adjustments based on the identified interference to avoid interference.

[0003] Patent document CN112956153A (application number: 201980071596.5) discloses a system, apparatus, method, and computer-readable medium for remote interference management (RIM) in a wireless network, including transmitting a RIM reference signal (RIM-RS) to help an interfered radio access network (RAN) node identify an interference source RAN node attributable to, for example, an atmospheric duct. The RIM-RS is also flexibly configured. Other embodiments are also described and / or claimed.

[0004] It can be seen that in the prior art, in the context of the coexistence and relative independence of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, there is still a lack of effective discovery mechanisms for co-channel interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, as well as interference management, interference avoidance, and interference cancellation technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network.

[0006] An uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to the present invention includes: when there is co-channel interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, demodulating a reference signal from the interference through a configured reference signal, and obtaining the source of the co-channel interference based on the currently demodulated reference signal;

[0007] Based on the obtained different sources of co-channel interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmitter classifies through multiple access signatures and accompanying features to help a receiver separate superimposed multi-user or multi-network signals;

[0008] Using the multiple access signature to distinguish different users and / or networks and / or transmitters.

[0009] Preferably, the multiple access signature includes: modulation and symbol-level processing, including: spreading, repetition, interleaving, and new coordinate mapping; coded bit-level processing, including: interleaving and scrambling; mapping from symbols to resource elements, whether sparse or not; power allocation / time-domain resource allocation.

[0010] Preferably, non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied in the same non-terrestrial network. Different non-terrestrial network user equipments communicate with the same satellite equipment using different multiple access signatures; non-terrestrial network user equipments and very small aperture terminal (VSAT) equipments communicate with the same satellite equipment using different multiple access signatures; non-terrestrial network user equipments and gateway stations communicate with the same satellite equipment using different multiple access signatures.

[0011] Preferably, non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied in the uplink overlap between non-terrestrial network and terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network interfere with each other. Non-terrestrial network user equipments and terrestrial network user equipments perform uplink communication using different multiple access signatures. Satellite equipments and base stations use NOMA receivers for reception and / or interference cancellation.

[0012] Preferably, non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied in the uplink of the non-terrestrial network and the downlink of the terrestrial network or the uplink of the terrestrial network and the downlink of the non-terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network is interfered by the downlink of the terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of non-terrestrial network user equipments and the downlink transmission of terrestrial network base stations use different multiple access signatures. Non-terrestrial network satellite equipments use NOMA receivers to cancel the interference caused by the downlink transmission of terrestrial network base stations; the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is interfered by the downlink of the non-terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of terrestrial network user equipments and the downlink transmission of non-terrestrial network satellite equipments use different multiple access signatures. Terrestrial network base stations use NOMA receivers to cancel the interference caused by the downlink transmission of non-terrestrial network satellite equipments.

[0013] Preferably, non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied to data transmission of different branches / transmission purposes / receiving ends of the same user equipment in the non-terrestrial network. The user equipment overlaps the data sent to different receivers for transmission, and different receivers use corresponding receiving algorithms to decode and / or separate the corresponding data.

[0014] Preferably,

[0015] User equipments / satellite equipments / base stations / VSAT equipments / HAPS equipments adopt corresponding NOMA transmitters, receivers, and / or different multiple access signatures according to the interference situation;

[0016] User equipments / satellite equipments / base stations / VSAT equipments / HAPS equipments adopt corresponding NOMA transmitters, receivers, and / or different multiple access signatures according to the detected reference signals;

[0017] The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA transmitters, receivers and / or different multiple access signatures according to network decisions;

[0018] The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the interference situation;

[0019] The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the detected reference signals;

[0020] The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to network decisions.

[0021] A satellite equipment supporting uplink non-orthogonal transmission provided by the present invention, based on the above-mentioned uplink non-orthogonal access method based on terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks, the content sent by the satellite equipment includes:

[0022] Transmission circuit configuration:

[0023] Send a first radio resource control (RRC) message, which includes a first reference signal for indicating the transmission / demodulation of uplink transmission in non-terrestrial networks;

[0024] Send a second RRC message, which includes a first multiple access signature set for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0025] Send a third RRC message, which includes a second multiple access signature set for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0026] Send a fourth RRC message, which includes a third multiple access signature set for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0027] Send a first physical downlink control channel, which transmits a first downlink control information including a first scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the first downlink control information is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier, and the first downlink control information includes a first multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0028] When a second reference signal in the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a second physical downlink control channel is sent, which conveys second downlink control information including a second scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the second downlink control information is scrambled by a second radio network temporary identifier, and the second downlink control information includes a second multi-access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0029] When a second reference signal in the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a third reference signal is sent;

[0030] When a fourth reference signal in the downlink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a third physical downlink control channel is sent, which conveys third downlink control information including a third scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the third downlink control information is scrambled by a third radio network temporary identifier, and the third downlink control information includes a third multi-access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0031] When a fourth reference signal in the downlink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a fifth reference signal is sent;

[0032] Receiving circuit configuration:

[0033] According to the first downlink control information, a physical uplink shared channel is received using a first non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm;

[0034] According to the second downlink control information, a physical uplink shared channel is received using a second non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm;

[0035] According to the third downlink control information, a physical uplink shared channel is received using a third non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm.

[0036] A user equipment supporting uplink non-orthogonal transmission according to the present invention, based on the above-mentioned uplink non-orthogonal access method based on terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks, the content sent by the user equipment includes:

[0037] Receiving circuit configuration:

[0038] Receive a first radio resource control (RRC) message, which includes a first reference signal for indicating transmission / demodulation of non-terrestrial network uplink transmission;

[0039] Receive a second RRC message, which includes a first set of multi-access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0040] Receive a third RRC message, which includes a second set of multi-access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0041] Receive a fourth RRC message, which includes a third set of multi - access signatures for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment;

[0042] Receive a first physical downlink control channel, which transmits first downlink control information including a first scheme for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the first downlink control information is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier, and the first downlink control information includes a first multi - access signature for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0043] Receive a second physical downlink control channel, which transmits second downlink control information including a second scheme for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the second downlink control information is scrambled by a second radio network temporary identifier, and the second downlink control information includes a second multi - access signature for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0044] Receive a third physical downlink control channel, which transmits third downlink control information including a third scheme for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the third downlink control information is scrambled by a third radio network temporary identifier, and the third downlink control information includes a third multi - access signature for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0045] Transmission circuit configuration:

[0046] Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a first non - orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the first downlink control information;

[0047] Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a second non - orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the second downlink control information;

[0048] Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a third non - orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the third downlink control information.

[0049] According to a base station device supporting uplink non - orthogonality provided by the present invention, based on the above - mentioned uplink non - orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non - terrestrial network, the content transmitted by the base station device includes:

[0050] Receiving circuit configuration:

[0051] Receive a third reference signal;

[0052] Receive a fifth reference signal;

[0053] Transmission circuit configuration:

[0054] Transmit a fifth RRC message, which includes a second set of multi - access signatures for indicating non - orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment;

[0055] Send the sixth RRC message, which includes a third set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0056] When detecting the third reference signal, send a fourth physical downlink control channel, which transmits fourth downlink control information including a fourth scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of terrestrial network user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the fourth downlink control information is scrambled by a fourth radio network temporary identifier, and the fourth downlink control information includes a fourth multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of terrestrial network user equipment;

[0057] When detecting the fifth reference signal, send a fifth physical downlink control channel, which transmits fifth downlink control information including a fifth scheme for indicating non-orthogonal transmission of terrestrial network user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the fifth downlink control information is scrambled by a fifth radio network temporary identifier, and the fifth downlink control information includes a fifth multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal transmission of terrestrial network user equipment;

[0058] Send a physical downlink shared channel according to the fifth downlink control information.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] Through an adaptive multiple access technology strategy and multiple access signature adjustment, the present invention adapts to different terrestrial network and non-terrestrial network interference scenarios and interference sources, thereby reducing the impact of co-frequency interference in the corresponding scenarios and improving the co-frequency interference cancellation effect in the corresponding scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] By reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0062] Figure 1 It is a typical scenario diagram for a non-terrestrial network to provide access to a user equipment.

[0063] Figure 2 It is a typical scenario diagram for a non-terrestrial network to provide access to a user equipment.

[0064] Figure 3 It is a block diagram.

[0065] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the processing of a general structure NOMA transmitter.

[0066] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a general NOMA receiver.

[0067] Figures 6(a) - 6(c) It is a schematic diagram of non-orthogonal uplink transmission applied in the same non-terrestrial network.

[0068] Figure 7 Schematic diagram for non-orthogonal uplink transmission applicable to the uplink overlap of non-terrestrial networks and terrestrial networks.

[0069] Figures 8(a) - 8(b) Schematic diagram for non-orthogonal uplink transmission applied to the uplink of non-terrestrial networks and the downlink of terrestrial networks or the uplink of terrestrial networks and the downlink of non-terrestrial networks.

[0070] Figures 9(a) - 9(b) Schematic diagram for non-orthogonal uplink transmission applied to data transmission of different branches / transmission purposes / receiving ends of the same user equipment in non-terrestrial networks. Detailed implementation manners

[0071] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] An embodiment of the present invention provides a satellite device supporting uplink non-orthogonal transmission. The content sent by the satellite device includes:

[0074] Transmission circuit configuration:

[0075] Send a first radio resource control (RRC) message, which includes a first reference signal for indicating the transmission / demodulation of non-terrestrial network uplink transmission;

[0076] Send a second RRC message, which includes a first multiple access signature set for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0077] Send a third RRC message, which includes a second multiple access signature set for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0078] Send a fourth RRC message, which includes a third multiple access signature set for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0079] Send a first physical downlink control channel, which transmits a first downlink control information including a first scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the first downlink control information is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier, and the first downlink control information includes a first multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of user equipment;

[0080] When a second reference signal in the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a second physical downlink control channel is sent, which conveys second downlink control information including a second scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the second downlink control information is scrambled by a second radio network temporary identifier, and the second downlink control information includes a second multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment.

[0081] When a second reference signal in the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a third reference signal is sent.

[0082] When a fourth reference signal in the downlink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a third physical downlink control channel is sent, which conveys third downlink control information including a third scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the third downlink control information is scrambled by a third radio network temporary identifier, and the third downlink control information includes a third multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment.

[0083] When a fourth reference signal in the downlink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, a fifth reference signal is sent.

[0084] Receiving circuit configuration:

[0085] According to the first downlink control information, a physical uplink shared channel is received using a first non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm.

[0086] According to the second downlink control information, a physical uplink shared channel is received using a second non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm.

[0087] According to the third downlink control information, a physical uplink shared channel is received using a third non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm.

[0088] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment supporting uplink non-orthogonal transmission. The content sent by the user equipment includes:

[0089] Receiving circuit configuration:

[0090] A first radio resource control (RRC) message is received, which includes a first reference signal for indicating transmission / demodulation of non-terrestrial network uplink transmission.

[0091] A second RRC message is received, which includes a first set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment.

[0092] A third RRC message is received, which includes a second set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment.

[0093] Receive a fourth RRC message, which includes a third set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment;

[0094] Receive a first physical downlink control channel, which transmits first downlink control information including a first scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment, the cyclic redundancy check code of the first downlink control information is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier, and the first downlink control information includes a first multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0095] Receive a second physical downlink control channel, which transmits second downlink control information including a second scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment, the cyclic redundancy check code of the second downlink control information is scrambled by a second radio network temporary identifier, and the second downlink control information includes a second multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0096] Receive a third physical downlink control channel, which transmits third downlink control information including a third scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment, the cyclic redundancy check code of the third downlink control information is scrambled by a third radio network temporary identifier, and the third downlink control information includes a third multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0097] Transmission circuit configuration:

[0098] Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a first non-orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the first downlink control information;

[0099] Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a second non-orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the second downlink control information;

[0100] Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a third non-orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the third downlink control information.

[0101] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station device supporting uplink non-orthogonality. The content transmitted by the base station device includes:

[0102] Receiving circuit configuration:

[0103] Receive a third reference signal;

[0104] Receive a fifth reference signal;

[0105] Transmission circuit configuration:

[0106] Transmit a fifth RRC message, which includes a second set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment;

[0107] Send a sixth RRC message, which includes a third set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment;

[0108] When detecting a third reference signal, send a fourth physical downlink control channel, which transmits fourth downlink control information including a fourth scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a terrestrial network user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the fourth downlink control information is scrambled by a fourth radio network temporary identifier, and the fourth downlink control information includes a fourth multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the terrestrial network user equipment;

[0109] When detecting a fifth reference signal, send a fifth physical downlink control channel, which transmits fifth downlink control information including a fifth scheme for indicating non-orthogonal transmission of a terrestrial network user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the fifth downlink control information is scrambled by a fifth radio network temporary identifier, and the fifth downlink control information includes a fifth multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal transmission of the terrestrial network user equipment;

[0110] Send a physical downlink shared channel according to the fifth downlink control information.

[0111] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network, as Figure 1 shown in FIG. 9, including: when there is co-frequency interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, demodulate a reference signal from the interference through a configured reference signal, and obtain the source of the co-frequency interference based on the currently demodulated reference signal; report the current interference situation and the source of the co-frequency interference for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management; according to different interference sources or different interference scenarios, switch corresponding non-orthogonal transmission strategies, including operations specific to the user and / or the network and / or the transmitter, that is, multiple access signatures and accompanying features. The present invention specifically includes the following content:

[0112] When the downlink signal of the terrestrial network base station interferes with the downlink users of the non-terrestrial network, the non-terrestrial network user equipment obtains several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network downlink and demodulates the reference signal from the interference. The non-terrestrial network user equipment obtains the source of the co-frequency interference it receives according to the demodulated reference signal, and reports the interference situation it receives for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference; the terrestrial network base station and user equipment obtain the reference signal configuration of the non-terrestrial network, monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, and thus make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference;

[0113] When the downlink signal of a non-terrestrial network satellite interferes with the downlink users of a terrestrial network, the user equipment of the terrestrial network acquires several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network downlink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, the user equipment of the terrestrial network acquires the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference; the satellite equipment and user equipment of the non-terrestrial network acquire the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference;

[0114] When the uplink signal from the user equipment of the terrestrial network to the base station interferes with the uplink of the non-terrestrial network user equipment to the satellite, the satellite equipment of the non-terrestrial network acquires several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network uplink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, the satellite equipment of the non-terrestrial network acquires the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference; the base station and user equipment of the terrestrial network acquire the reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference;

[0115] When the uplink signal of the non-terrestrial network user equipment to the satellite interferes with the uplink of the terrestrial network user equipment to the base station, the base station of the terrestrial network acquires several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network uplink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, the base station of the terrestrial network acquires the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference; the satellite equipment and user equipment of the non-terrestrial network acquire the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference;

[0116] When the downlink signal of the terrestrial network base station interferes with the uplink of the non-terrestrial network user equipment to the satellite, the satellite equipment of the non-terrestrial network acquires several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network downlink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, the satellite equipment of the non-terrestrial network acquires the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference; the base station and user equipment of the terrestrial network acquire the reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration or resource management to avoid interference;

[0117] When the downlink signal of a non-terrestrial network satellite device interferes with the uplink from a terrestrial network user equipment to a base station, the terrestrial network base station obtains several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network downlink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, obtains the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference; the non-terrestrial network satellite device and the user equipment obtain the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference.

[0118] When the uplink signal from a terrestrial network user equipment to a base station interferes with the downlink of a non-terrestrial network satellite device to a user equipment, the non-terrestrial network user equipment obtains several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network uplink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, the non-terrestrial network satellite device obtains the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference; the terrestrial network base station and the user equipment obtain the reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference.

[0119] When the uplink signal from a non-terrestrial network user equipment to a satellite interferes with the downlink from a terrestrial network base station to a user equipment, the terrestrial network user obtains several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network uplink, demodulates the reference signals from the interference, the terrestrial network user equipment obtains the sources of co-frequency interference received according to the demodulated reference signals, and reports the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference; the non-terrestrial network satellite device and the user equipment obtain the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference.

[0120] The reference signals include: synchronization signal SSB in 4G and / or 5G, tracking reference signal TRS, demodulation reference signal DM-RS, reference signal CSI-RS for channel estimation, reference signal CSI-IM for interference measurement, and reference signal PTRS for phase tracking.

[0121] The reference signals are common signals and / or dedicated signals.

[0122] The public signal is a reference signal that can be acquired / identified / demodulated by base stations / user equipment in the terrestrial network and satellites / aircraft / user equipment in the non-terrestrial network. This reference signal usually directly or indirectly carries an identity identifier ID. When the interfered object demodulates this reference signal from the interference signal, the interfered object can learn the interference source and report the interference situation it has suffered for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference occurrence;

[0123] The dedicated signal is specifically used for a certain transmission / a certain link, including: uplink / downlink transmission between a certain base station and a certain user equipment in the terrestrial network and uplink / downlink transmission between a certain satellite and a certain user equipment in the non-terrestrial network.

[0124] The reference signal also includes: a spatial interference management reference signal; the spatial interference management reference signal is a new reference signal introduced for interference management in the terrestrial network / non-terrestrial network; the resources occupied by the spatial interference management reference signal include: time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, and code-domain / sequence resources;

[0125] In the time domain, the spatial interference management reference signal is transmitted periodically, semi-statically, and / or dynamically; different spatial interference management reference signals are configured with different periods and / or time-domain offsets;

[0126] In the frequency domain, the spatial interference management reference signal resources are determined by subcarrier spacing and / or bandwidth and / or resource block / subcarrier position / index; the resources in the frequency domain determine the sequence length of the spatial interference management reference signal;

[0127] In the code domain, different spatial interference management reference signals use different sequences; the spatial interference management reference signal directly / indirectly carries certain information.

[0128] According to the interference and being interfered situations, the spatial interference management reference signal is divided into two categories, including: one category is sent by the interference source to let the interfered object and / or the network detect the existence of interference and let the interfered object and / or the network obtain the interference source; the other category is sent by the interfered object. Because interference is usually mutual, the spatial interference management reference signal sent by the interfered object enables the interference source and / or the network to learn the existence of interference and enables the interference source and / or the network to learn the identity information and / or the interference situation of the interfered object.

[0129] According to different communication scenarios, the spatial interference management reference signal is divided into two categories, including: one category is sent by base stations / user equipment in the terrestrial network; the other category is sent by satellites / aircraft / user equipment in the non-terrestrial network; through these two categories of spatial interference management reference signals, the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network can obtain the interference situation between each other.

[0130] According to the differences between the uplink and downlink, the spatial interference management reference signals are divided into two categories, including: one category is sent in the uplink transmission; the other category is sent in the downlink transmission.

[0131] The interference source actively sends the spatial interference management reference signal; after detecting the existence of interference, the interfered source sends the spatial interference management reference signal.

[0132] Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with examples.

[0133] A non-terrestrial network (NTN) refers to a network or network end that uses radio frequency resources on a satellite (or UAS platform); typical scenarios where a non-terrestrial network provides access to user equipment are as Figures 1 to 2 shown.

[0134] A non-terrestrial network generally includes the following components: one or more satellite gateways for connecting the non-terrestrial network to a public data network. For example, a geostationary orbit satellite (GEO) is served by one or more satellite gateways deployed in the satellite's target coverage area (such as regional or even continental coverage). It can be assumed that user equipment in a single cell is served by only one satellite gateway. A non-terrestrial network satellite is served by only one or a few satellite gateways at a certain time. This system ensures the continuity between services and feeders, and enables mobile anchoring and handover within a sufficient time.

[0135] In addition, a non-terrestrial network generally includes the following components: a feeder (or "feed") or radio link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform), and a service link or radio link between the user equipment and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0136] In addition, a non-terrestrial network generally includes the following components: a satellite (or UAS platform) that can implement transparent or regenerative (with payload processing (with on-board processing)) payloads. The satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams within the service area defined by its field of view. The footprint of the beam is usually elliptical. The field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) depends on its on-board antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For a transparent payload, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification can be applied. Therefore, the repeated waveform signal of the payload remains unchanged. For a payload with payload processing, radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, amplification, and demodulation / decoding, switching, and / or routing, encoding / modulation can be applied. This is actually equivalent to having all or part of the base station functions (such as gNB) on the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0137] In addition, a non-terrestrial network may also include the following elements: If there is a constellation of satellites, inter-satellite links (ISLs) can be optionally used. This would require a regenerative payload to be implemented on the satellites. ISLs can operate in the radio frequency or optical bands.

[0138] Furthermore, a non-terrestrial network typically includes the following elements: User equipment can be served by satellites (or UAS platforms) within the target service area. The satellites (or UAS platforms) can be of different types: low Earth orbit satellites (LEO satellites), medium Earth orbit satellites (MEO satellites), geostationary Earth orbit satellites (GEO satellites), UAS platforms (including HAPS), and highly elliptical orbit satellites (HEO satellites).

[0139] Typically, geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are used to provide continental, regional, or local services. A constellation of low Earth orbit (LEO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites can be used to provide services in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. In some cases, this satellite constellation can even provide global coverage including polar regions. To achieve the latter, appropriate orbital inclinations, sufficient beams, and inter-satellite links are required.

[0140] The non-terrestrial network can provide access to user equipment in six reference scenarios, including: circular orbits and conceptual stationary platforms, maximum round-trip delay (RTD) constraints, maximum Doppler constraints, transparent and regenerative payloads, a case with an ISL and a case without an ISL (in the case of an inter-satellite link, a regenerative payload is mandatory), and fixed or steerable beams resulting in moving or fixed beam coverage areas on the ground.

[0141] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating an implementation of one or more base stations (gNBs) and one or more user equipments (UEs) supporting a non-terrestrial network (NTN). One or more UE terminals communicate with one or more gNB base stations using one or more antennas a-n. For example, the UE terminal uses one or more antennas a-n to send electromagnetic signals to the gNB base station and receive electromagnetic signals from the gNB base station. The gNB base station communicates with the UE terminal using one or more antennas a-n.

[0142] The UE and gNB can communicate using one or more downlink channels and uplink channels. For example, the UE can use one or more uplink channels to transmit information or data to the gNB. Examples of uplink channels include PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel), etc. For example, an uplink channel (such as PUSCH) can be used to transmit uplink data (i.e., transport blocks, MAC PDUs, and / or uplink shared channels (UL-SCH)).

[0143] In some examples, the UL data may include URLLC data. The URLLC data may be UL-SCH data. In some examples, a URLLC-PUSCH (i.e., a different physical uplink shared channel different from PUSCH) may be defined for transmitting URLLC data. For simplicity, the term "PUSCH" may represent any of the following cases: (1) only PUSCH (e.g., a regular PUSCH, a non-URLLC-PUSCH, etc.), (2) PUSCH or URLLC-PUSCH, (3) PUSCH and URLLC-PUSCH or (4) only URLLC-PUSCH (e.g., not a regular PUSCH).

[0144] In addition, for example, the uplink channel may be used to transmit hybrid automatic repeat request-acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK), channel state information (CSI), and / or a scheduling request (SR). The HARQ-ACK may include information for acknowledging or negating downlink data (i.e., a transport block, a media access control protocol data unit (MAC PDU), and / or a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH)). The CSI may include information indicating the downlink channel quality. The SR may be used to request uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) resources for new transmissions and / or retransmissions. For example, the SR may be used to request UL resources for transmitting UL data.

[0145] One or more gNBs may also use one or more downlink channels to transmit information or data to one or more UEs. Examples of the downlink channels include a PDCCH, a PDSCH, etc. Other types of channels may be used. The PDCCH may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI).

[0146] Each UE may include one or more transceivers, one or more demodulators, one or more decoders, one or more encoders, one or more modulators, a data buffer, and a UE operation module. For example, one or more receive and / or transmit paths may be implemented in the UE. For convenience, only a single transceiver, decoder, demodulator, encoder, and modulator are illustrated in the UE, but multiple parallel elements (e.g., transceivers, decoders, demodulators, encoders, and modulators) may be implemented.

[0147] The transceiver in the UE may include one or more receivers and one or more transmitters. One or more of the receivers may receive signals from the gNB using one or more antennas a-n. For example, the receiver may receive and down-convert the signals to generate one or more received signals. These one or more received signals may be provided to the demodulator. One or more transmitters may transmit signals to the gNB using one or more antennas a-n. For example, these one or more transmitters may up-convert and transmit one or more modulated signals.

[0148] The demodulator can demodulate one or more received signals to generate one or more demodulated signals. These one or more demodulated signals can be provided to a decoder. The UE can use the decoder to decode the signals. The decoder can generate decoded signals, which include UE decoded signals (also referred to as first UE decoded signals). For example, the first UE decoded signal may include received payload data, which can be stored in a data buffer. Another signal included in the decoded signal (also referred to as the second UE decoded signal) may include overhead data and / or control data. For example, the second UE decoded signal can provide data that can be used by the UE operation module to perform one or more operations.

[0149] Generally, the UE operation module can enable the UE to communicate with one or more gNBs. The UE operation module can include a UE scheduling module.

[0150] The UE can use the UE scheduling module to perform one or more downlink receptions and / or one or more uplink transmissions. Downlink reception can include data reception, downlink control information reception, and / or downlink reference signal reception. Uplink transmission includes data transmission, uplink control information transmission, and / or uplink reference signal transmission.

[0151] The gNB in the figure can be a ground-based base station or a space-based satellite. The channel in the figure can be a link between the user equipment and the base station and may also include a service link, a feeder link, and / or an inter-satellite link.

[0152] In a wireless communication system, physical channels (such as uplink physical channels and / or downlink physical channels) can be defined. Physical channels (such as uplink physical channels and / or downlink physical channels) can be used for the communication (such as sending and / or receiving) of information delivered from a higher layer.

[0153] For example, in the uplink, a physical random access channel (PRACH) can be defined. In some methods, the PRACH (and / or the random access process) can be used for the initial access connection establishment process, the handover process, connection re-establishment, timing adjustment (such as the synchronization of uplink transmissions for uplink synchronization), and / or requesting uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) resources (such as uplink physical shared channel (PSCH) (such as PUSCH) resources).

[0154] In some examples, a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) can be defined. The PUCCH can be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI). The UCI may include Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest - ACKnowledgment (HARQ - ACK), Channel State Information (CSI), and / or Scheduling Request (SR). The HARQ - ACK can be used to indicate correct acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK) of downlink data (e.g., transport block, Media Access Control Protocol Data Unit (MAC PDU), and / or Downlink Shared Channel (DL - SCH)). The CSI can be used to indicate the state of a downlink channel (e.g., downlink signal). The SR can be used to request uplink data resources (e.g., transport block, MAC PDU, and / or Uplink Shared Channel (UL - SCH)).

[0155] The DL - SCH and / or UL - SCH can be transport channels used in the MAC layer. In the MAC layer, one or more transport blocks (TBs) and / or MAC PDUs can be defined as units of the transport channel. A transport block can be defined as a data unit passed from the MAC layer to the physical layer. The MAC layer can pass the transport block to the physical layer (e.g., the MAC layer passes the data as a transport block to the physical layer). In the physical layer, the transport block can be mapped to one or more codewords.

[0156] In the downlink, a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) can be defined for transmitting downlink control information (DCI). In some cases, multiple DCI formats can be defined for transmitting DCI on the PDCCH. For example, fields can be defined in the DCI format and these fields can be mapped to information bits (e.g., DCI bits).

[0157] In some cases, DCI format 1_0 for scheduling the PDSCH in a cell can be defined as a DCI format for the downlink. As described in the present invention, one or more Radio Network Temporary Identifiers (e.g., cell RNTI(s) (C - RNTI(s)), configured scheduling RNTI(s) (CS - RNTI(s)), system information RNTI(s) (SI - RNTI(s)), and / or random access RNTI(s) (RA - RNTI(s))) can be used to transmit DCI format 1_0. In some cases, DCI format 1_0 can be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in a Common Search Space (CSS) and / or User Equipment - specific Search Space (USS). In some cases, DCI format 1_0 can only be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in the CSS.

[0158] For example, the DCI included in DCI format 1_0 may be a frequency domain resource allocation (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_0 may be a time domain resource allocation (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_0 may be a modulation and coding scheme (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_0 may be a new data indicator. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_0 may be a HARQ process number. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_0 may be a transmission power control (TPC) command for scheduling the transmission of a scheduled PUCCH. DCI format 1_0 and / or the modified / enhanced DCI format 1_0 may be used to schedule a reduced-capability user equipment (UE) and its served PDSCH and / or downlink.

[0159] Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 1_1 for scheduling the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in a cell may also be defined as a downlink DCI format. Additionally or alternatively, C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI may be used to transmit DCI format 1_1. Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 1_1 may be monitored (e.g., transmitted and / or mapped) in the CSS and / or USS.

[0160] For example, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a frequency domain resource allocation (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a time domain resource allocation (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a modulation and coding scheme (e.g., for PDSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a new data indicator. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a HARQ process number. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a TPC command for scheduling PUCCH. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be a CSI request (e.g., CSI report (e.g., aperiodic CSI report)) for requesting (e.g., triggering) CSI transmission. Additionally or alternatively, as described below, the DCI included in DCI format 1_1 may be information for indicating a DL semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) configuration index (e.g., SPS configuration index). DCI format 1_1 and / or modified / enhanced DCI format 1_1 may be used to schedule PDSCH and / or downlink channels for UE(s) with reduced capabilities and their service(s).

[0161] Additionally or alternatively, a new DCI format (e.g., DCI format 1_2) for scheduling the downlink data sharing channel (PDSCH) in a cell may be defined as a downlink DCI format. Additionally or alternatively, C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI may be used to transmit DCI format 1_2. Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 1_2 may be monitored (e.g., transmitted and / or mapped) in CSS and / or USS.

[0162] For example, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator (e.g., for PDSCH). In addition, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be defined as the DCI format for the downlink. Additionally or alternatively, C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI can be used to transmit DCI format 1_2. The DCI format 1_2 in CSS and / or USS can also be monitored (e.g., transmitted and / or mapped). Moreover, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be a frequency-domain resource allocation (e.g., for PDSCH) or a time-domain resource allocation (e.g., for PDSCH). In addition, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be a modulation and coding scheme (e.g., for PDSCH) or a new data indicator. Furthermore, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be a HARQ process number or a TPC command for the scheduled PUCCH. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be a CSI request for requesting (e.g., triggering) CSI transmission (e.g., CSI report (e.g., aperiodic CSI report)). Moreover, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can also be a configurable field, such as antenna port ( bits), transmission configuration indication ( bits), rate matching indication ( bits), sounding reference signal (SRS) request ( bits), PRB binding size indication ( bits), carrier indication ( bits), CSI request ( bits), ZP CSI-RS trigger ( bits), Beta offset indication ( bits), SRS resource indication ( bits), repetition factor ( bits) and / or priority indication ( bits). In addition, as described below, the DCI included in DCI format 1_2 can be information for indicating a DL semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) configuration index (e.g., SPS configuration index). DCI format 1_2 and / or the modified / enhanced DCI format 1_2 can be used to schedule PDSCH and / or the downlink for UEs with reduced capabilities and their services.

[0163] In addition, a new DCI format (e.g., DCI format 1_3) may be defined for scheduling the PDSCH in a cell as the DCI format for the downlink. Additionally or alternatively, the C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI may be used to transmit the new DCI format (e.g., DCI format 1_3). Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 1_3 may be monitored (e.g., transmitted and / or mapped) in the CSS and / or USS.

[0164] Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 0_0 for scheduling the PUSCH in a cell may be defined as the DCI format for the uplink. Additionally or alternatively, the C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, and / or temporary C-RNTI may be used to transmit DCI format 0_0. Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 0_0 may be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in the CSS and / or USS. In some examples, DCI format 0_0 may only be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in the CSS.

[0165] For example, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a frequency domain resource allocation (e.g., PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a time domain resource allocation (e.g., PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a modulation and coding scheme (e.g., PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a new data indicator. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a HARQ process number. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a redundancy version. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_0 may be a TPC command for the scheduled PUSCH. DCI format 0_0 and / or the modified / enhanced DCI format 0_0 may be used to schedule the PUSCH and / or the uplink for UEs with reduced capabilities and their services.

[0166] In addition, a DCI format 0_1 for scheduling the PUSCH in a cell may also be defined as the DCI format for the uplink. The C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI may be used to transmit DCI format 0_1. DCI format 0_1 may be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in the CSS and / or USS.

[0167] For example, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a BWP indicator (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a frequency-domain resource allocation (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a time-domain resource allocation (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a modulation and coding scheme (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a new data indicator. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a HARQ process number. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a TPC command for scheduling PUSCH. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be a CSI request for requesting a CSI report. Additionally or alternatively, as described below, the DCI included in DCI format 0_1 can be information for indicating a configuration index of configured grant (e.g., CG configuration index). DCI format 0_1 and / or modified / enhanced DCI format 0_1 can be used to schedule PUSCH and / or an uplink channel to serve a low-capability UE and its service.

[0168] Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 0_2 for scheduling PUSCH within a cell can be defined as a DCI format for the uplink. Additionally or alternatively, C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI can be used to transmit DCI format 0_2. Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 0_2 can be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in CSS and / or USS.

[0169] For example, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a BWP indicator (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a frequency-domain resource allocation (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a time-domain resource allocation (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a modulation and coding scheme (e.g., for PUSCH). Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a new data indicator. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a HARQ process number. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a TPC command for the scheduled PUSCH. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a CSI request for requesting a CSI report. Additionally or alternatively, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be a configurable field, e.g., antenna port bits], transmission configuration indication bits], rate matching indication bits], SRS request bits], PRB bundling size indication bits], carrier indication bits], CSI request bits], ZP CSI-RS trigger bits], Beta offset indication bits], SRS resource indication bits], repetition factor bits] and / or priority indication bits]. Additionally or alternatively, as described below, the DCI included in DCI format 0_2 can be information for indicating a configuration index for a configured grant (e.g., CG configuration index). DCI format 0_2 and / or a modified / enhanced DCI format 0_2 can be used to schedule PUSCH and / or an uplink channel for a UE with reduced capabilities and its serving cell.

[0170] Additionally or alternatively, a new DCI format (e.g., DCI format 0_3) for scheduling PUSCH in a cell may be defined as the DCI format for the uplink. Additionally or alternatively, C-RNTI and / or CS-RNTI may be used to transmit DCI format 0_3. Additionally or alternatively, DCI format 0_3 may be monitored (e.g., transmitted, mapped) in CSS and / or USS.

[0171] Additionally or alternatively, upon receiving DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_1 and / or DCI format 1_2 and / or DCI format 1_3 (e.g., based on detecting DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_1 and / or DCI format 1_2 and / or DCI format 1_3), the UE may perform PDSCH reception. Additionally or alternatively, upon receiving DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 0_1 and / or DCI format 0_2 and / or DCI format 0_3 (e.g., based on detecting DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 0_1 and / or DCI format 0_2 and / or DCI format 0_3), the UE may perform PUSCH transmission.

[0172] In some examples, as described above, the RNTI (e.g., radio network temporary identifier) assigned to the UE may be used for the transmission of DCI (e.g., DCI format, DL control channel (e.g., PDCCH)). For example, the gNB may transmit information for configuring (e.g., allocating) RNTI(s) to the UE by using an RRC message (e.g.).

[0173] For example, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) check bits (possibly abbreviated as CRC) may be generated based on the DCI and appended to the DCI, and then after appending, the RNTI(s) may scramble the CRC check bits. The UE may attempt to decode (e.g., blindly decode, monitor, detect) the DCI appended after being scrambled by the RNTI(s). For example, the UE may detect a downlink control channel (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, DCI format) based on blind decoding. For example, the UE may decode the downlink control channel using the CRC scrambled by the RNTI, in other words, the UE may monitor the downlink control channel using the RNTI. For example, the UE may detect the DCI format using the RNTI.

[0174] In some examples, the RNTI(s) may include C-RNTI (Cell RNTI), CS-RNTI (Configured Scheduling C-RNTI), SI-RNTI (System Information RNTI), RA-RNTI (Random Access - RNTI), and / or Temporary C-RNTI. For example, the C-RNTI(s) may be a unique identifier for identifying RRC connections and / or scheduling. Additionally, the CS-RNTI(s) may be a unique identifier for scheduling based on configured grants. Additionally, the SI-RNTI may be used to identify system information (e.g., SI messages) mapped to the BCCH and transmitted dynamically on the DL-SCH. Additionally, the SI-RNTI may be used to broadcast SI. Additionally, the RA-RNTI may be an identifier for the random access procedure (e.g., Msg.2 transmission). Additionally, the Temporary C-RNTI may be used for the random access procedure (e.g., scheduling Msg.3 (re)transmission (e.g., Msg.3 PUSCH (re)transmission)).

[0175] Additionally or alternatively, a new RNTI (e.g., NTN-RNTI) may be introduced for NTN and its services. For example, in the case of receiving DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_1 and / or DCI format 1_2 and / or DCI format 1_3 scrambled with the NTN-RNTI (e.g., based on the detection of DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_1 and / or DCI format 1_2 and / or DCI format 1_3), the UE may perform PDSCH reception for NTN transmission services. Additionally or alternatively, if DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 0_1 and / or DCI format 0_2 and / or DCI format 0_3 scrambled with the NTN-RNTI is received (e.g., based on the detection of DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 0_1 and / or DCI format 0_2 and / or DCI format 0_3), the UE may perform PUSCH transmission for NTN transmission services.

[0176] Additionally or alternatively, different RNTIs may be introduced for UL and DL. For example, a new RNTI (e.g., NTN-UL-RNTI) may be introduced for the NTN UE and its UL transmission service, while a new RNTI (e.g., NTN-DL-RNTI) may be introduced for the NTN UE and its DL transmission service. If DCI format1_0 and / or DCI format 1_1 and / or DCI format 1_2 and / or DCI format 1_3 encrypted with NTN-DL-RNTI is received (e.g., detection based on DCI format 1_0 and / or DCI format 1_1 and / or DCI format 1_2 and / or DCI format 1_3), the UE may perform PDSCH reception for the NTN transmission service. Additionally or alternatively, if DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 0_1 and / or DCI format 0_2 and / or DCI format 0_3 encrypted with NTN-UP-RNTI is received (e.g., detection based on DCI format 0_0 and / or DCI format 0_1 and / or DCI format 0_2 and / or DCI format 0_3), the UE may perform PUSCH transmission for the NTN transmission service.

[0177] Additionally or alternatively, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) may be defined. For example, if the PDSCH (e.g., PDSCH resources) is scheduled using DCI format, the UE may receive downlink data on the scheduled PDSCH (e.g., PDSCH resources). Additionally or alternatively, if the PUSCH (e.g., PUSCH resources) is scheduled using DCI format, the UE may transmit uplink data on the scheduled PUSCH (e.g., PUSCH resources). For example, the PDSCH may be used to transmit downlink data (e.g., DL-SCH(S), downlink transport block(S)). Additionally or alternatively, the PUSCH may be used to transmit uplink data (e.g., UL-SCH(S), uplink transport block(S)).

[0178] In some examples, the PDSCH and / or PUSCH may be used to transmit information of higher layers (such as the radio resource control (RRC) layer and / or the MAC layer). For example, the RRC messages (such as RRC signals) may be transmitted using the PDSCH (e.g., from the gNB to the UE) and / or the PUSCH (e.g., from the UE to the gNB). Additionally or alternatively, the MAC control elements (MAC CE) may be transmitted using the PDSCH (e.g., from the gNB to the UE) and / or the PUSCH (e.g., from the UE to the gNB). In some examples, the RRC messages and / or the MAC CE may be referred to as higher layer signals.

[0179] In some methods, the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) may be defined. For example, the PBCH may be used to broadcast the master information block (MIB). In some examples, the system information may be divided into the MIB and some system information blocks (SIB). For example, the MIB may be used to carry the minimum system information. Additionally or alternatively, the SIB may be used to carry the system information messages.

[0180] In the downlink, the synchronization signal (SS) may be defined. The SS may be used to obtain the time and / or frequency synchronization with the cell. Additionally or alternatively, the SS may be used to detect the physical layer cell ID of the cell.

[0181] In the uplink wireless communication, the uplink reference signal (RS) may be used as an uplink physical signal. Additionally or alternatively, in the downlink wireless communication, the DL RS may be used as a downlink physical signal. In some examples, the uplink physical signal and / or the downlink physical signal may not be used to transmit information from higher layers, but are used by the physical layer.

[0182] In some implementations, the above-mentioned downlink physical channels and / or downlink physical signals may be assumed to be included in the downlink signal (such as the DL signal) to simplify the description. Additionally or alternatively, in some implementations, the uplink physical channels and / or uplink physical signals may be assumed to be included in the uplink signal (i.e., the UL signal) to simplify the description.

[0183] An uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a user equipment, a satellite equipment, and a base station provided by the present invention includes:

[0184] A remote interference management method based on a user equipment, a satellite equipment, and a base station provided by the present invention includes: when there is co-frequency interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, demodulating the reference signal from the interference through the configured reference signal, obtaining the source of the co-frequency interference based on the currently demodulated reference signal; reporting the current interference situation and the source of the co-frequency interference for the network to make corresponding adjustments including scheduling, configuration, or resource management to avoid interference.

[0185] The terrestrial network (TN) and the non-terrestrial network (NTN) may use the same frequency band for communication. Therefore, co-frequency interference may exist between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network. Such interference may be in the same direction or in different directions.

[0186] The downlink signal of the terrestrial network base station may interfere with the downlink users of the non-terrestrial network. If the user equipment of the non-terrestrial network obtains several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network downlink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the user equipment of the non-terrestrial network can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it receives for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The terrestrial network base station and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configuration of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0187] The downlink signal of the non-terrestrial network satellite may interfere with the downlink users of the terrestrial network. If the user equipment of the terrestrial network obtains several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network downlink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the user equipment of the terrestrial network can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it receives for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The non-terrestrial network satellite equipment and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configuration of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0188] The uplink signal from the terrestrial network user equipment to the base station may interfere with the uplink of the non-terrestrial network user equipment to the satellite. If the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment obtains several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network uplink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it receives for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The terrestrial network base station and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configuration of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0189] The uplink signal from the non-terrestrial network user equipment to the satellite may interfere with the uplink from the terrestrial network user equipment to the base station. If the terrestrial network base station obtains several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network uplink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the terrestrial network base station can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The non-terrestrial network satellite equipment and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0190] The downlink signal of the terrestrial network base station may interfere with the uplink from the non-terrestrial network user equipment to the satellite. If the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment obtains several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network downlink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The terrestrial network base station and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0191] The downlink signal of the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment may interfere with the uplink from the terrestrial network user equipment to the base station. If the terrestrial network base station obtains several reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network downlink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the terrestrial network base station can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The non-terrestrial network satellite equipment and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0192] The uplink signal from the terrestrial network user equipment to the base station may interfere with the downlink from the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment to the user equipment. If the non-terrestrial network user equipment obtains several reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network uplink and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the non-terrestrial network satellite equipment can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The terrestrial network base station and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configurations of the non-terrestrial network and monitor the communication of the non-terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0193] The uplink signal from a non-terrestrial network user equipment to a satellite may interfere with the downlink from a terrestrial network base station to a user equipment. If a terrestrial network user obtains the reference signal configurations of several non-terrestrial network uplinks and demodulates a certain reference signal from the interference, the terrestrial network user equipment can know the source of the co-frequency interference it receives and report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. Non-terrestrial network satellite equipment and user equipment may also obtain the reference signal configurations of the terrestrial network and monitor the communications of the terrestrial network, so as to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0194] The above-mentioned reference signals can be reference signals already existing in the current system, such as synchronization signals (SSB), tracking reference signals (TRS), demodulation reference signals (DM-RS), reference signals for channel estimation (CSI-RS), reference signals for interference measurement (CSI-IM), reference signals for phase tracking (PTRS), etc. in 4G and / or 5G. The above-mentioned reference signals can be public signals, that is, reference signals that can be obtained / identified / demodulated by base stations / user equipment in the terrestrial network and satellites / aircraft / user equipment in the non-terrestrial network. This reference signal usually directly or indirectly carries an identity identifier (ID). When the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) demodulates this reference signal from the interference signal, the interfered object can know which base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft the interference comes from and can report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. The above-mentioned reference signals can also be dedicated signals, specifically used for a certain transmission / a certain link, such as the uplink / downlink transmission between a certain base station and a certain user equipment in the terrestrial network, the uplink / downlink transmission between a certain satellite and a certain user equipment in the non-terrestrial network, etc. A base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft may not know the reference signals configured by another base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft. The reference signals configured by possible interference sources (base stations / user equipment / satellites / aircraft) can be informed to a base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft through signaling (such as various signaling at layer 3 / 2 / 1). When the base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft demodulates the reference signals configured by the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) from the interference signal, the base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft can know which base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft the interference comes from and can report the interference situation it suffers for the network to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0195] The above reference signal can also be a newly introduced reference signal specifically for terrestrial network / non-terrestrial network interference management. Without loss of generality, the present invention names the newly introduced reference signal as Space interference management reference signal (SIM-RS). The resources occupied by the space interference management reference signal include time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code domain / sequence resources, etc. In the time domain, the space interference management reference signal can be transmitted periodically, semi-statically (with layer 1 / 2 signaling activation / deactivation), and / or dynamically. Different space interference management reference signals can be configured with different periods and / or time offsets. In the frequency domain, the space interference management reference signal resources are determined by subcarrier spacing and / or bandwidth (number of resource blocks) and / or resource block / subcarrier position / index, etc. The resources in the frequency domain can determine the sequence length of the space interference management reference signal, and vice versa. In the code domain, different space interference management reference signals can use different sequences. The space interference management reference signal can directly / indirectly carry certain information. For example, through the index / offset / value of the time domain resource / frequency domain resource / sequence, the identity information of the interference source / interfered object and / or the interference situation (such as interference intensity / position / interfered time slot / resource block / OFDM symbol, etc.) can be determined.

[0196] According to the interference and being interfered situations, the space interference management reference signal can be divided into two categories. One category is sent by the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft), so that the interfered object and / or the network can detect the existence of the interference, and can also let the interfered object and / or the network obtain the interference source (interference source identity information). The other category is sent by the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft). Because interference is usually mutual, the space interference management reference signal sent by the interfered object can let the interference source and / or the network know the existence of the interference, and can also let the interference source and / or the network know the identity information of the interfered object and / or the interference situation.

[0197] According to different communication scenarios, the space interference management reference signal can be divided into two categories. One category is sent by the base station / user equipment of the terrestrial network. The other category is sent by the satellite / aircraft / user equipment of the non-terrestrial network. Through these two categories of space interference management reference signals, the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network can obtain the interference situation between each other.

[0198] According to the difference between uplink and downlink, the space interference management reference signal can be divided into two categories. One category is sent in uplink transmission. The other category is sent in downlink transmission.

[0199] The above classifications of the space interference management reference signal can be combined arbitrarily.

[0200] The interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can actively send spatial interference management reference signals. For example, in the area / time period with potential co-channel interference, the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can actively send spatial interference management reference signals, so that the interfered object and / or the network can detect the existence of interference, and also so that the interfered object and / or the network can obtain the interference source (interference source identity information).

[0201] After detecting the existence of interference, the interfered source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can send spatial interference management reference signals. For example, after detecting the existence of interference, the interfered source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can send spatial interference management reference signals. Since interference is usually mutual, the spatial interference management reference signals sent by the interfered object can let the interference source and / or the network know the existence of interference, and also let the interference source and / or the network know the interfered object identity information and / or the interference situation.

[0202] The interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can send spatial interference management reference signals after detecting the spatial interference management reference signals sent by the interfered object. The spatial interference management reference signals sent by the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can thus let the interfered object and / or the network detect the continued existence of interference, and also let the interfered object and / or the network obtain the interference source (interference source identity information), and also let the interfered object and / or the network know that the interference source has realized the occurrence of its interference and / or the interference avoidance / elimination strategy adopted.

[0203] The interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can send spatial interference management reference signals after detecting the spatial interference management reference signals sent by the interference source. The spatial interference management reference signals sent by the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can thus let the interference source and / or the network detect the continued existence of interference, and also let the interfered object and / or the network obtain the interference source (interference source identity information), and also let the interference source and / or the network know the effect of the current interference avoidance / elimination strategy or other information.

[0204] Spatial interference management can be centralized. For example, the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) and / or the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can be centrally scheduled and managed by the network and / or the Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) system to avoid interference and / or mitigate interference. For example, when the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) detects the spatial interference management reference signal sent by the interference source, the interfered object can know which base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft the interference comes from, and can report the interference situation it suffers to the Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) system for the OAM to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference. When the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) detects the spatial interference management reference signal sent by the interfered object, the interference source can know which base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft receives its interference, and can report the interference situation to the Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) system for the OAM to make corresponding scheduling or configuration or resource management to avoid interference.

[0205] Spatial interference management can be distributed. For example, the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) and / or the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) can make self-adjustments to avoid interference and / or mitigate interference after detecting the existence of interference. For example, when the interfered object (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) detects the spatial interference management reference signal sent by the interference source, the interfered object can interrupt the corresponding communication service, or can adjust the receiving strategy and / or method, such as adjusting the receiving beam direction, adjusting the time domain / frequency domain / space domain resources of the received data / signaling. When the interference source (base station / user equipment / satellite / aircraft) detects the spatial interference management reference signal sent by the interfered object, the interference source can interrupt the corresponding communication service, or can adjust the transmission strategy and / or method, such as adjusting the transmission beam direction, adjusting the transmission power, adjusting the time domain / frequency domain / space domain resources of the received data / signaling.

[0206] To address interference when the same-frequency resources of the terrestrial network and non-terrestrial network are overloaded, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology can be a potential solution. Without loss of generality, a NOMA transmitter can directly map the encoded binary sequence to multiple available transmission resources through some operations specific to the user and / or network and / or transmitter to help the receiver separate the superimposed multi-user / multi-network signals with reasonable complexity.

[0207] The processing flow of a general-structured NOMA transmitter is as Figure 4 shown. Among them, the white modules can reuse the current LTE / NR design, and the gray modules can be replaced or added to the corresponding transmitter processing flow, so that some operations specific to the user and / or network and / or transmitter can be introduced, namely multi-access signature (MA signature) and its accompanying features. The NOMA transmitter processing can be classified by the multi-access signature (MA signature) and its accompanying features. The multi-access signature can be used to distinguish different users and / or networks and / or transmitters.

[0208] As Figure 4 shown, the multi-access signature can be implemented in various ways. For example, modulation and symbol-level processing, including spreading, repetition, interleaving, new coordinate mapping, etc.; coded bit-level processing, including interleaving and scrambling, etc.; symbol-to-resource element mapping, whether sparse or not; power allocation / time-domain resource allocation, etc.

[0209] The bit-level NOMA processing separates users / networks / transmitters by randomizing the signals (bit sequences) of different users / networks / transmitters. The bit-level processing includes user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch-specific bit interleaving and / or user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch-specific bit scrambling.

[0210] Symbol-level multiple access signatures include the following types: user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch-specific symbol spreading under LTE / NR conventional modulation, user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch-specific symbol spreading under improved modulation, symbol-level scrambling, and user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch-specific symbol interleaving. Symbol-level spreading sequences for NOMA include: Welch bound equality (WBE) sequences, complex sequences based on quantization elements / constellations, Equiangular Tight Frames (ETF) / Grassmannian sequences, Generalized welch-bound equality (GWBE) sequences, sequences based on QPSK, sparse spreading patterns, Multi-User Interference (MUI) sequences, and so on.

[0211] In addition or alternatively, sparse resource element (RE) mapping can also be used as a multiple access signature. The NOMA transmitter allows non-orthogonal resource mapping, where each user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch has its specific resource element mapping, and the transmissions of different user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branches are allowed to overlap on some resource elements. Sparsity can ensure that the overlapping resource elements of different user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branches are not excessive.

[0212] In addition or alternatively, the specific start transmission time of user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch can also be used as part of the multiple access signature. Each user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / branch can adopt its specific transmission time, i.e., staggered time, such as an OFDM symbol index.

[0213] Multi-branch transmission can be an adjunct feature of multi-access signatures. Multi-branch processing can occur either before or after channel coding. The NOMA transmitter can adapt to multiple branches (rate splitting) of a single user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter to achieve a higher SE (spectrum efficiency) more efficiently. User equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitters configured with different branches can transmit together. In addition, the NOMA transmitter can allow multiplexing of user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitters with different numbers of branches. For example, some user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitters can perform multi-branch transmission while other user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitters can apply single-branch transmission, depending on the network configuration. User equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter-specific multi-access signatures may be replaced by branch-specific multi-access tags, which can be orthogonal or non-orthogonal. Different branches may also share the same multi-access tag. Different weights may be applied to different branches.

[0214] Power allocation can also be used to design multi-access signatures for user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branches. User equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch-specific power can be allocated to each user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch independently of the multi-access signatures mentioned above.

[0215] A general NOMA receiver is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0216] The detection module algorithms of NOMA receivers can be MMSE, MF, ESE, MAP, MPA, EPA, etc. Interference cancellation can be hard, soft, or hybrid, and the interference cancellation process can be serial, parallel, or hybrid. Typical NOMA receivers include: MMSE-IRC, MMSE-hard IC, MMSE Soft IC, ESE+SISO, EPA+hybrid IC, etc. For MMSE-IRC, interference suppression is achieved through MMSE detection. That is to say, interference is treated as noise and no interference cancellation is performed at the receiver. For the MMSE-hard IC receiver, interference cancellation is required. The "hard" means that interference cancellation is based on the hard decision / hard output of the decoder. Interference cancellation can be serial, parallel, or hybrid. For serial interference cancellation (SIC), each successfully decoded user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch signal will be removed from the signal pool for the decoding of the next user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch signal. For parallel interference cancellation (PIC), detection and decoding are performed iteratively, and the signals of user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch are decoded simultaneously. In each iteration, the successfully decoded user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch signal will be removed from the signal pool. For MMSE Soft IC, the difference from MMSE-hard IC is that interference cancellation is based on the soft information (such as LLR) of the decoder output. Similarly, interference cancellation can be serial, parallel, or hybrid. For the hybrid receiver (hybrid (soft-hard IC) receiver), hard interference cancellation can be used to remove the successfully decoded user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch signal in each iteration. For the ESE+SISO receiver, detection and decoding are performed iteratively, and statistical information, including mean and variance, is updated in each iteration of the detector. For the EPA+hybrid IC receiver, detection and decoding are performed iteratively, and the message passing mechanism is usually required in each iteration. Similar to MMSE hybrid soft / hard IC, the signals of all user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch are decoded in parallel, and in each iteration, the successfully decoded user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / transmitter / branch signal will be removed from the signal pool.

[0217] Non-orthogonal uplink transmission can be applied in the same non-terrestrial network, such as Figures 6(a) to 6(c)As shown. Different non-terrestrial network user equipments can communicate with the same satellite equipment by using different multiple access signatures. Non-terrestrial network user equipments and Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) equipments can communicate with the same satellite equipment by using different multiple access signatures. Non-terrestrial network user equipments and gateway stations can communicate with the same satellite equipment by using different multiple access signatures.

[0218] Non-orthogonal uplink transmission can be applied to the uplink overlap between non-terrestrial network and terrestrial network, such as Figure 7 As shown. The uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network interfere with each other. Non-terrestrial network user equipments and terrestrial network user equipments can use different multiple access signatures for uplink communication, and satellite equipments and base stations use NOMA receivers for reception and / or interference cancellation.

[0219] Non-orthogonal uplink transmission can be applied to the uplink of the non-terrestrial network and the downlink of the terrestrial network or the uplink of the terrestrial network and the downlink of the non-terrestrial network, such as Figures 8(a) to 8(b) As shown. The uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network is interfered by the downlink of the terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of non-terrestrial network user equipments and the downlink transmission of terrestrial network base stations can use different multiple access signatures, and non-terrestrial network satellite equipments can use NOMA receivers to eliminate the interference caused by the downlink transmission of terrestrial network base stations. The uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is interfered by the downlink of the non-terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of terrestrial network user equipments and the downlink transmission of non-terrestrial network satellite equipments can use different multiple access signatures, and terrestrial network base stations can use NOMA receivers to eliminate the interference caused by the downlink transmission of non-terrestrial network satellite equipments.

[0220] Non-orthogonal uplink transmission can be applied to the data transmission of different branches / transmission purposes / receiving ends of the same user equipment in the non-terrestrial network, such as Figures 9(a) to 9(b) As shown. The user equipment can overlap (such as in the power domain and / or code domain) the data sent to different receivers (such as low-earth orbit satellites and geostationary satellites, HAPS equipments and satellites), and different receivers can use corresponding receiving algorithms to decode and / or separate the corresponding data.

[0221] The different non-orthogonal uplink transmission scenarios described above may adopt different NOMA schemes and / or different multiple access signatures. The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment may adopt corresponding NOMA transmitters (receivers) and / or different multiple access signatures according to the interference situation. The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment may adopt corresponding NOMA transmitters (receivers) and / or different multiple access signatures according to the detected reference signals (as described above). The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment may adopt corresponding NOMA transmitters (receivers) and / or different multiple access signatures according to the network decision. The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment may adopt corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the interference situation. The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment may adopt corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the detected reference signals (as described above). The user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment may adopt corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the network decision.

[0222] As is known to those skilled in the art, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention to be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers, etc., to achieve the same functions. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can also be regarded as either software modules for implementing the method or structures within the hardware component.

[0223] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. An uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network, characterized in that, it includes: When there is co-frequency interference between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network, the reference signal is demodulated from the interference through the configured reference signal, and the source of the co-frequency interference is obtained based on the currently demodulated reference signal; Based on the different sources of co-frequency interference between the obtained terrestrial network and non-terrestrial network, the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmitter classifies through multiple access signatures and the attached features to help the receiver separate the superimposed multi-user or multi-network signals; Use the multiple access signature to distinguish different users and / or networks and / or transmitters.

2. The uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple access signature includes: modulation and symbol-level processing, including: spreading, repetition, interleaving, and new coordinate mapping; coding bit-level processing, including: interleaving and scrambling; mapping from symbols to resource elements, whether sparse or not; power allocation / time domain resource allocation.

3. The uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied in the same non-terrestrial network. Different non-terrestrial network user equipments communicate with the same satellite equipment using different multiple access signatures; non-terrestrial network user equipments and very small aperture terminal (VSAT) equipments communicate with the same satellite equipment using different multiple access signatures; non-terrestrial network user equipments and gateway stations communicate with the same satellite equipment using different multiple access signatures.

4. The uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied in the uplink overlap between the non-terrestrial network and the terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network interfere with each other. Non-terrestrial network user equipments and terrestrial network user equipments use different multiple access signatures for uplink communication, and satellite equipments and base stations use NOMA receivers for reception and / or interference cancellation.

5. The uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied in the uplink of the non-terrestrial network and the downlink of the terrestrial network or the uplink of the terrestrial network and the downlink of the non-terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network is interfered by the downlink of the terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of non-terrestrial network user equipments and the downlink transmission of terrestrial network base stations use different multiple access signatures, and non-terrestrial network satellite equipments use NOMA receivers to eliminate the interference caused by the downlink transmission of terrestrial network base stations; the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is interfered by the downlink of the non-terrestrial network. The uplink transmission of terrestrial network user equipments and the downlink transmission of non-terrestrial network satellite equipments use different multiple access signatures, and terrestrial network base stations use NOMA receivers to eliminate the interference caused by the downlink transmission of non-terrestrial network satellite equipments.

6. The uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Non-orthogonal uplink transmission is applied to data transmission of different branches / transmission purposes / receiving ends of the same user equipment in a non-terrestrial network. The user equipment overlaps and transmits data destined for different receivers, and different receivers use corresponding receiving algorithms to decode and / or separate the corresponding data.

7. The uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to claim 1, characterized in that the user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA transmitters, receivers and / or different multiple access signatures according to the interference situation; the user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA transmitters, receivers and / or different multiple access signatures according to the detected reference signal; the user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA transmitters, receivers and / or different multiple access signatures according to the network decision; the user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the interference situation; the user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the detected reference signal; the user equipment / satellite equipment / base station / VSAT equipment / HAPS equipment adopts corresponding NOMA receivers and / or receiving / decoding / interference cancellation algorithms according to the network decision.

8. A satellite equipment supporting uplink non-orthogonal transmission, based on the uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the content transmitted by the satellite equipment includes: Transmission circuit configuration: Transmit a first radio resource control (RRC) message, which includes a first reference signal for indicating the transmission / demodulation of uplink transmission in a non-terrestrial network; Transmit a second RRC message, which includes a first set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment; Transmit a third RRC message, which includes a second set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment; Transmit a fourth RRC message, which includes a third set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment; Transmit a first physical downlink control channel, which transmits a first downlink control information including a first scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the first downlink control information is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier, and the first downlink control information includes a first multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment; When a second reference signal in the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, send a second physical downlink control channel, which transmits second downlink control information including a second scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the second downlink control information is scrambled by a second radio network temporary identifier, and the second downlink control information includes a second multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. When a second reference signal in the uplink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, send a third reference signal. When a fourth reference signal in the downlink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, send a third physical downlink control channel, which transmits third downlink control information including a third scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the third downlink control information is scrambled by a third radio network temporary identifier, and the third downlink control information includes a third multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. When a fourth reference signal in the downlink transmission of the terrestrial network is detected, send a fifth reference signal. Receiving circuit configuration: Receive a physical uplink shared channel using a first non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm according to the first downlink control information. Receive a physical uplink shared channel using a second non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm according to the second downlink control information. Receive a physical uplink shared channel using a third non-orthogonal transmission receiver and / or algorithm according to the third downlink control information.

9. A user equipment supporting uplink non-orthogonal transmission, based on the uplink non-orthogonal access method based on the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the content transmitted by the user equipment includes: Receiving circuit configuration: Receive a first radio resource control (RRC) message, which includes a first reference signal for indicating transmission / demodulation of the uplink transmission of the non-terrestrial network. Receive a second RRC message, which includes a first set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. Receive a third RRC message, which includes a second set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. Receive a fourth RRC message, which includes a third set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. Receive a first physical downlink control channel, which transmits first downlink control information including a first scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the first downlink control information is scrambled by a first radio network temporary identifier, and the first downlink control information includes a first multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. Receive a second physical downlink control channel, which transmits second downlink control information including a second scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. The cyclic redundancy check code of the second downlink control information is scrambled by a second radio network temporary identifier, and the second downlink control information includes a second multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment. Receive a third physical downlink control channel that transmits third downlink control information including a third scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment, where the cyclic redundancy check code of the third downlink control information is scrambled by a third radio network temporary identifier, and the third downlink control information includes a third multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the user equipment; Transmission circuit configuration: Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a first non-orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the first downlink control information; Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a second non-orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the second downlink control information; Transmit a physical uplink shared channel using a third non-orthogonal transmission transmitter according to the third downlink control information.

10. A base station device supporting uplink non-orthogonality, based on the uplink non-orthogonal access method based on a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, the content transmitted by the base station device includes: Receiving circuit configuration: Receive a third reference signal; Receive a fifth reference signal; Transmission circuit configuration: Transmit a fifth RRC message that includes a second set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment; Transmit a sixth RRC message that includes a third set of multiple access signatures for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a user equipment; When detecting the third reference signal, transmit a fourth physical downlink control channel that transmits fourth downlink control information including a fourth scheme for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of a terrestrial network user equipment, where the cyclic redundancy check code of the fourth downlink control information is scrambled by a fourth radio network temporary identifier, and the fourth downlink control information includes a fourth multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal uplink transmission of the terrestrial network user equipment; When detecting the fifth reference signal, transmit a fifth physical downlink control channel that transmits fifth downlink control information including a fifth scheme for indicating non-orthogonal transmission of a terrestrial network user equipment, where the cyclic redundancy check code of the fifth downlink control information is scrambled by a fifth radio network temporary identifier, and the fifth downlink control information includes a fifth multiple access signature for indicating non-orthogonal transmission of the terrestrial network user equipment; Transmit a physical downlink shared channel according to the fifth downlink control information.

Images