Signal transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method and device, which are used for generating a pilot signal in a chirp signal form so as to realize ISAC by using the pilot signal, and the resource utilization rate can be improved. The method comprises the following steps: generating a time domain ZC sequence; generating a first frequency domain pilot frequency sequence based on the time domain ZC sequence; performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot frequency sequence to obtain a first frequency domain pilot frequency signal; performing inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a first time domain pilot signal; sending the first time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the time domain ZC sequence meets a first constraint condition; the first constraint condition comprises that the absolute value of q is smaller than or equal to a threshold value, the threshold value is smaller than NZC-u, NZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

Description

Signal transmission method and device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device. Background Art

[0002] Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is widely considered a key application scenario for next-generation wireless communications. Specifically, ISAC means that transmitted wireless signals possess both sensing and communication capabilities. Communication refers to the transmission of information from the transmitter to the receiver. Perception involves sensing the surrounding environment, the speed of objects, and their distance.

[0003] The pilot signal is one of the common signals in communications. How to use the pilot signal to implement ISAC and improve resource utilization is the problem to be solved in this application.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a signal transmission method and apparatus for generating a pilot signal in the form of a chirp signal, and then using the pilot signal to implement ISAC, which can improve resource utilization.

[0006] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, comprising: generating a time domain ZC sequence; generating a first frequency domain pilot sequence based on the time domain ZC sequence; performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a first frequency domain pilot signal; performing an inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a first time domain pilot signal; and sending the first time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the time domain ZC sequence satisfies a first constraint condition; the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold value, and the threshold value is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

[0007] In the embodiments of the present application, by generating a time-domain ZC sequence (i.e., generating a ZC sequence in the time domain), it is easy to intuitively confirm the impact of ZC sequence parameters (such as root q) on the first time-domain pilot signal, which helps improve the analog detection performance of the first time-domain pilot signal (i.e., the first time-domain pilot signal can be made as close as possible to the chirp signal). Furthermore, it is possible to implement ISAC using the pilot signal, thereby improving resource utilization. Furthermore, by constraining the value of the root q of the ZC sequence (i.e., the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold), the analog detection performance of the first time-domain pilot signal can be improved (i.e., the difference between the first time-domain pilot signal and the chirp signal is reduced).

[0008] Optionally, the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to T q, or the absolute value of q is less than T q A positive integer, T q is the threshold; or, the absolute value of q is the top M with the smallest value in the set of optional absolute values ​​of q q , the Mth in the set q The absolute value of the optional q is the threshold. Among them, the optional q and N ZC Mutually prime.

[0009] Of course, the above two are just examples and are not limited to them.

[0010] Optional, T q or M q The value of is related to at least one of the following:

[0011] The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d , for example, N d The larger the T q or M q The bigger;

[0012] The number of subcarriers corresponding to the first frequency domain pilot signal is N. For example, the larger N is, the greater the T q or M q The bigger;

[0013] The maximum value of subcarrier mapping interval z is T z , for example, T z The larger the T q or M q The smaller.

[0014] This approach improves the flexibility of parameter setting while ensuring the simulation detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal.

[0015] Optionally, the length N of the time domain ZC sequence ZC The second constraint condition is satisfied, and the second constraint condition includes:

[0016] or,

[0017] or,

[0018] N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer, or,

[0019] N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, is a positive integer;

[0020] Wherein, N is the number of subcarriers corresponding to the first frequency domain pilot signal, N d is the number of subcarriers contained in the transmission bandwidth, and z is the subcarrier mapping interval.

[0021] In this way, by constraining the length N of the time domain ZC sequence ZC The value of can improve the simulation detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal (that is, reduce the gap between the first time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal).

[0022] Optionally, performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency-domain pilot sequence includes:

[0023] Performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence according to the subcarrier mapping interval z;

[0024] Wherein, z satisfies the third constraint condition, which includes:

[0025] z is less than or equal to T z , or z is less than T z A positive integer.

[0026] In this manner, by constraining the subcarrier mapping interval z, the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal can be improved (ie, the gap between the first time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal can be reduced).

[0027] Optional, T z The value of is related to at least one of the following:

[0028] The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d , for example, N d The larger the T z The bigger;

[0029] The absolute value of the root q of the time domain ZC sequence, for example, the larger q is, the greater the T z The smaller.

[0030] This approach improves the flexibility of parameter setting while ensuring the simulation detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal.

[0031] Optionally, the method may also include: receiving a second time domain pilot signal, where the second time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained after the first time domain pilot signal is transmitted through a channel; and determining the distance and / or speed of the target based on the first time domain pilot signal and the second time domain pilot signal.

[0032] This method uses pilot signals to measure distance and speed, thus realizing ISAC.

[0033] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, including: generating a frequency domain ZC sequence; generating a second frequency domain pilot sequence based on the frequency domain ZC sequence; performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a second frequency domain pilot signal; performing an inverse Fourier transform on the second frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a third time domain pilot signal; and sending the third time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence satisfies a fourth constraint condition, and the fourth constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to a threshold, and γ and q satisfy: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is an integer, the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the frequency domain ZC sequence, where u is a positive integer. γ is the root of the ZC sequence obtained by inverse Fourier transform of the frequency domain ZC sequence.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, by generating a ZC sequence in the frequency domain (i.e., constructing a ZC sequence in the frequency domain), the Fourier transform step of converting a time domain signal into a frequency domain signal can be omitted, thereby improving signal processing efficiency. In addition, ISAC can also be implemented by generating a ZC sequence in the frequency domain, by constraining the root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence and then constraining d -1 (The ZC sequence obtained by performing inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain ZC sequence, i.e., the time domain ZC sequence) can improve the analog detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal (i.e., reduce the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal).

[0035] Optional, N ZC When =5, the values ​​of q, δ, and γ can be:

[0036] q=1, δ=0, γ=-1; or,

[0037] q=2, δ=1, γ=2; or,

[0038] q=3, δ=-1, γ=-2; or,

[0039] q=4, δ=1, γ=1.

[0040] Of course, this is just an example. ZC Other values ​​are also possible.

[0041] Optionally, the fourth constraint condition includes: q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to T q , or q is such that the absolute value of γ is less than T q integer, T q is the threshold; or, q is the top M in the set of optional q that minimizes the absolute value of γ q The absolute value of γ corresponding to the Mqth optional q is the threshold value, and the Mth qThe absolute value of γ corresponding to the optional q is the threshold. ZC Mutually prime.

[0042] Of course, the above two are just examples and are not limited to them.

[0043] Optional, T q or M q The value of is related to at least one of the following:

[0044] The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d , for example, N d The larger the T q or M q The bigger;

[0045] The number of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency domain pilot signal is N. For example, the larger N is, the greater the T q or M q The bigger;

[0046] The maximum value of subcarrier mapping interval z is T z , for example, T z The larger the T q or M q The smaller.

[0047] This approach improves the flexibility of parameter setting while ensuring the simulation detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal.

[0048] Optionally, the length N of the frequency domain ZC sequence ZC The fifth constraint condition is satisfied; wherein the fifth constraint condition includes:

[0049] or,

[0050] or,

[0051] N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer, or,

[0052] N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, is a positive integer;

[0053] Wherein, N is the number of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency domain pilot signal, N dis the number of subcarriers contained in the transmission bandwidth, and z is the subcarrier mapping interval.

[0054] In this way, by constraining the length N of the frequency domain ZC sequence ZC The value of can improve the simulation detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal (that is, reduce the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal).

[0055] Optionally, performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency-domain pilot sequence includes: performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency-domain pilot sequence according to a subcarrier mapping interval z; wherein z satisfies a sixth constraint condition, and the sixth constraint condition includes:

[0056] z is less than or equal to T z , or z is less than T z A positive integer, T z is the threshold.

[0057] In this manner, by constraining the subcarrier mapping interval z, the analog detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal can be improved (ie, the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal can be reduced).

[0058] Optional, T z The value of is related to at least one of the following:

[0059] The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d , for example, N d The larger the T z The bigger;

[0060] The root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence;

[0061] The absolute value of γ, for example, the larger γ is, the higher the T z The smaller.

[0062] This approach improves the flexibility of parameter setting while ensuring the simulation detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal.

[0063] Optionally, the method may also include: receiving a fourth time domain pilot signal, where the fourth time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained after the third time domain pilot signal is transmitted through a channel; and determining the distance and / or speed of the target based on the third time domain pilot signal and the fourth time domain pilot signal.

[0064] This method uses pilot signals to measure distance and speed, thus realizing ISAC.

[0065] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a module, a unit, or a technical means for implementing the method in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect.

[0066] Exemplarily, the apparatus may include: a processing module for generating a time domain ZC sequence; generating a first frequency domain pilot sequence based on the time domain ZC sequence; performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a first frequency domain pilot signal; performing inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a first time domain pilot signal; a transceiver module for sending the first time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the time domain ZC sequence satisfies a first constraint condition; the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold value, and the threshold value is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

[0067] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a module, a unit, or a technical means for implementing the method in the second aspect or any optional implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0068] Exemplarily, the apparatus may include: a processing module for generating a frequency domain ZC sequence; generating a second frequency domain pilot sequence based on the frequency domain ZC sequence; performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a second frequency domain pilot signal; performing inverse Fourier transform on the second frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a third time domain pilot signal; a transceiver module for sending the third time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence satisfies a fourth constraint condition, and the fourth constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to the threshold, and γ and q satisfy: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is an integer, the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the frequency domain ZC sequence, where u is a positive integer.

[0069] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor causes the method described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect to be executed through a logic circuit or execution code instructions, or causes the method described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect to be executed.

[0070] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program or instruction is stored in the storage medium. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect is executed, or the method described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect is executed.

[0071] In the seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the method described in the first aspect or any optional embodiment of the first aspect to be executed, or causes the method described in the second aspect or any optional embodiment of the second aspect to be executed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the frequency difference between a reflected signal and a transmitted signal;

[0073] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of subcarrier mapping;

[0074] 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of several scenarios in which the embodiments of the present application can be applied;

[0075] FIG4 is a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG5 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, sixth-generation (6G) communication systems or other future evolutionary systems, or various other systems using wireless communication, etc., and the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can all be adopted.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B may be singular or plural. In the textual description of the present application, the character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship; in the formulas of the present application, the character " / " indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in a "division" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B and C" may mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

[0082] It should be understood that the various numbers used in the embodiments of this application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic.

[0083] Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is widely considered to be a key application scenario for next-generation wireless communication systems, such as the sixth generation (6G) communication systems.

[0084] Radar is a common sensing device. Its operating principle is that the transmitter emits a continuous signal (i.e., the transmitted signal) whose frequency increases linearly with time. This signal is called a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW), also known as a chirp signal, as shown in Figure 1. When the transmitted signal reflects off an object, it forms a reflected signal, which is received by the transmitter. Due to delays along the propagation path, there is a frequency difference Δf between the reflected signal and the transmitted signal. This frequency difference Δf is positively correlated with the propagation delay τ:

[0085]

[0086] Where R is the frequency change rate of the continuous frequency modulation signal, which is the ratio of the bandwidth (BW) of the continuous frequency modulation signal to the period T of the continuous frequency modulation signal. d is the distance between the target object (i.e., the object reflecting the signal) and the transmitter (i.e., the radar). c = 3·10 8 m / s is the speed of electromagnetic wave propagation, BW is the bandwidth, and T is the period of frequency change.

[0087] The radar mixes the received reflected signal with the transmitted signal to obtain the frequency difference Δf between the two. Based on Δf, the distance between the object and the transmitter (which is also the receiver of the reflected signal, i.e., the radar) can be calculated.

[0088] Among them, Δf<<BW, that is, the sampling rate of the receiver analog-to-digital converter (ADC) does not need to be designed according to the requirements of the entire signal bandwidth BW, but only needs to be designed according to Δf, which greatly reduces the sampling rate of the ADC and reduces costs.

[0089] For example: T = 1ms, d = 1km, then:

[0090]

[0091] in, Therefore, FMCW-based linear frequency modulation signals (chirp signals) are often used in perception.

[0092] The pilot signal (also called preamble signal, preamble, or pilot signal, etc.) is one of the common signals in communications.

[0093] The uplink pilot design can use the ZC sequence. ZC stands for "Zadoff–Chu" sequence, also known as Chu sequence or Frank–Zadoff–Chu (FZC) sequence. Specifically:

[0094]

[0095] Wherein, q is the root of the ZC sequence, 0<q<N, and q and N are relatively prime, c=N mod 2, p is an integer, and N is the length of the ZC sequence (a positive integer).

[0096] A typical ZC sequence is where N is a prime number, c = 1, and p = 0, i.e.:

[0097]

[0098] It can be understood that based on the ZC sequence, if -N<q<0 is allowed and -q and N must be relatively prime, then the ZC sequence can also be written as:

[0099] or,

[0100] Wherein, 0<q<N or -N<q<0, and abs(q) and N are relatively prime, c=N mod 2, p is an integer, and N is the length of the ZC sequence (a positive integer). Wherein abs(q) represents a function taking the absolute value of q.

[0101] When using the ZC sequence to design the uplink pilot, the ZC sequence can be generated in the frequency domain:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, N ZC The maximum prime number that is less than or equal to the number of reference signals N.

[0104] Then, it is expanded to N reference signals through cyclic shift, that is:

[0105]

[0106] Then, these N reference signals are inserted into the corresponding reference signal subcarriers, as shown in Figure 2. Note that Figure 2 is based on a transmission bandwidth of N. dsubcarriers, the reference signal is sent every other subcarrier, for example, that is:

[0107]

[0108] Of course, FIG2 is only an example and is not limited thereto.

[0109] Then, a time domain signal is obtained through inverse Fourier transform (eg, inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) or inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT)), and the time domain signal is transmitted through an antenna.

[0110] Since N ZC is a prime number, so q ranges from 1 to N ZC Any integer between -1 and N ZC The specific value of q is related to parameters such as the cell identity document (ID), user ID, and base station configuration ID.

[0111] However, the above method for generating a pilot signal has at least one of the following disadvantages:

[0112] 1. When receiving an analog chirp signal, the receiver needs to use a time-domain signal that matches the transmitted signal (for example, the slope of the frequency variation over time). However, the above method generates the pilot sequence in the frequency domain and then converts it to the time domain. This method is not intuitive and cannot directly confirm the time-domain transmitted signal (such as the slope of the frequency variation over time). Therefore, it is difficult for the receiver to process the received signal and determine how to select the parameters of the frequency-domain pilot sequence (for example, the value of the root q of the frequency-domain pilot sequence).

[0113] 2. Since N is an even number in cellular network systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) network systems and New Radio (NR) network systems), N ZC <N, the cyclic shift expansion causes the frequency domain sequence The time domain series (that is, The sequence obtained by IFFTH is no longer a chirp signal, which makes it impossible to use the analog chirp signal to detect the received signal at the receiving end.

[0114] In view of at least the above factors, a technical solution according to an embodiment of the present application is provided to generate a pilot signal whose frequency varies linearly with time, and then use the pilot signal to implement ISAC, thereby improving resource utilization.

[0115] For example, referring to Figure 3A , embodiments of the present application can be applied to a satellite-terminal communication system, which includes a satellite and a terminal-type network element. The satellite provides communication services to the terminal devices, which include, but are not limited to, smartphones, smartwatches, and tablets. The satellite transmits downlink data to the terminal, and the terminal transmits uplink data to the satellite.

[0116] For example, referring to FIG3B , the embodiments of the present application can be applied to satellite and satellite communication systems. Traditional satellite intersatellite link communication systems can be divided into two major parts: the Acquisition, Tracking and Pointing (APT) subsystem and the communication subsystem. The communication subsystem is responsible for the transmission of intersatellite information and is the main body of the intersatellite communication system; the APT subsystem is responsible for the capture, alignment and tracking between satellites. Among them, the meaning of capture is to determine the incoming wave direction of the incident signal, the meaning of alignment is to adjust the transmission wave to aim at the receiving direction, and the meaning of tracking is to continuously adjust the alignment and capture during the entire communication process.

[0117] For example, referring to FIG3C , embodiments of the present application can be applied to wireless communication systems such as cellular communication or wireless local area network communication. In a cellular communication system, a network device can provide services to multiple terminals, and a terminal can also communicate with multiple network devices. In a wireless local area network communication system, a single access point can provide services to multiple terminals, and a terminal can also communicate with multiple access points.

[0118] Among them, a network device is a device deployed in a wireless access network or a wireless local area network to provide wireless communication functions for terminal devices. Network devices can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, etc. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of network devices may be different. The network device can also be a wireless controller in a CRAN (Cloud Radio Access Network) scenario. The network device can also be a base station device in a future 5G network or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network. The network device can also be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device. The network device can also be a transmission and reception point (TRP). The network device can also be an access point (AP).

[0119] In addition, the terminals referred to in this article may also be referred to as terminal devices. Terminals may include various handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. A terminal may be a mobile station (MS), a subscriber unit, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, etc.

[0120] It should be understood that the above communication systems are only examples. In actual applications, the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems.

[0121] Referring to FIG4 , which is a flowchart of a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method can be applied to any device (such as a satellite, base station, terminal, or access point, etc.) in any of the above-mentioned communication systems. The method includes:

[0122] S401, generating a time domain ZC sequence;

[0123] Specifically, a ZC sequence is constructed in the time domain. In this article, the ZC sequence constructed in the time domain is referred to as a time-domain ZC sequence.

[0124] For example, assuming that the number of reference signals is N, where N is a positive integer, N is generated. ZC A time-domain ZC sequence:

[0125]

[0126] Where q is the root of the ZC sequence, 0<q<N ZC , and q and N ZC are mutually prime; is the length of the ZC sequence, which is a positive integer; c=N mod 2, p is an integer; n is the index of the x(n) sequence.

[0127] It is understandable that the number of sequences can also be called the length of the sequence. For example, the length of the time domain ZC sequence is N ZC In actual situations, signals are usually described by number, and sequences are usually described by length.

[0128] Of course, in practical applications, the time domain ZC sequence can also be Then it is required that 0<-q<NZC , and -q and N ZC Mutually prime, this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0129] Regardless of the form, it satisfies: 0<abs(q)<N ZC , and abs(q) and N ZC Coprime. abs(q) represents the absolute value of q.

[0130] For the convenience of description, the time domain ZC sequence is For example.

[0131] S402: Generate a first frequency-domain pilot sequence based on a time-domain ZC sequence.

[0132] Continuing with x(n) in step S401 as an example, generating a first frequency-domain pilot sequence based on a time-domain ZC sequence may include the following steps:

[0133] Perform a circular shift on x(n):

[0134] Where n is the index of the sequence, a Is a positive integer.

[0135] Perform Fourier transform on x~(n) to obtain the frequency domain sequence, that is:

[0136] Where k is the index of the X(k) sequence.

[0137] If N=N ZC , then X(k) is the first frequency domain pilot sequence;

[0138] If N>N ZC , then X(k) is cyclically extended to make its length N. If N<N ZC , then truncate X(k) to make its length N, for example:

[0139] where k is The index of the sequence, b is an integer.

[0140] right Perform phase shift to obtain the first frequency domain pilot sequence:

[0141] where k is The index of the sequence, c is a real number.

[0142] S403: Perform subcarrier mapping on the first frequency-domain pilot sequence to obtain a first frequency-domain pilot signal.

[0143] Specifically, the first frequency domain pilot sequence (such as ) is mapped to N subcarriers through a mapping function. The mapping function is, for example, f(l), l∈Φ, where 0≤f(l)<N.

[0144] Assume that the transmission bandwidth is N d subcarriers, the first frequency domain pilot sequence can be subcarrier mapped according to the subcarrier mapping interval z, that is, a reference signal is placed every z subcarriers. d For example, if z=1, then the reference signal is placed continuously on each subcarrier; if z=2, then a reference signal is placed every two subcarriers. It can be seen that the number of reference signals N satisfies:

[0145] Among them, the reference signals include but are not limited to one or more of the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS), Tracking Reference Signal (T-RS), or Positioning Reference Signal (PRS).

[0146] S404: Perform inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency-domain pilot signal to obtain a first time-domain pilot signal.

[0147] For example, performing an inverse Fourier transform of L points (or performing a Fourier transform of length or size L), where L ≥ N, obtains the first time domain pilot signal:

[0148]

[0149] Among them, r(n) is the digital discrete time domain signal, n is an integer, and f(l) is the corresponding value of the lth subcarrier. The index of the sequence, Φ is the set of reference signal subcarriers, and W(l) is the weighting coefficient on the l-th subcarrier.

[0150] S405: Send a first time domain pilot signal.

[0151] Optionally, a cyclic prefix (CP) may be added to the first time domain pilot signal, and the first time domain pilot signal with the CP may be sent.

[0152] It can be understood that when the first time domain pilot signal is represented by simulating a continuous time domain signal, the first time domain pilot signal can also be represented as:

[0153]

[0154] where time t∈[T0,T end ] (in seconds), which is the start and end time of the signal, and Δf (in Hz) is the subcarrier width.

[0155] The values ​​of a, b, c, and Φ can be configured by network devices or related to the identifier of the terminal device. Some possible values ​​of f(l) are f(l) = l-l0, Φ = {l0,…,l0+N-1}, where l0 is an integer. When represented by analog continuous time domain signals, l0 ≥ 0, which is convenient for expressing the subcarrier index. When represented by digital discrete time domain signals, due to Where v is an arbitrary integer, so l0 can be a negative integer, 0, or a positive integer. Usually, for the convenience of digital signal processing, L is an even number, and the sequence Continuously mapped to subcarriers or Therefore, we can further constrain or as well as, or

[0156] The above scheme generates ZC sequence in the time domain, which makes it easy to intuitively confirm the parameters of the ZC sequence (such as root q, N ZC The influence of the first time domain pilot signal (such as the chirp signal) on the first time domain pilot signal is helpful to improve the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal (that is, the first time domain pilot signal can be made as close as possible to the chirp signal), thereby realizing ISAC by using the pilot signal and improving resource utilization.

[0157] Exemplarily, ISAC is implemented using a pilot signal: After S405, a second time-domain pilot signal may be received. The second time-domain pilot signal is a signal obtained by transmitting the first time-domain pilot signal through a channel. The distance and / or speed of the target may be determined based on the first time-domain pilot signal and the second time-domain pilot signal. For example, the distance to the target may be determined based on the frequency difference between the first time-domain pilot signal and the second time-domain pilot signal.

[0158] It can be understood that the larger the absolute value of the root of the time domain ZC sequence (i.e., q), the greater the difference between the final first time domain pilot signal r(n), r(t) and the ideal Chirp signal, which will lead to a decrease in the performance of the receiver. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can improve the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal by constraining the value range of q.

[0159] In one possible design, q satisfies the first constraint, which includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold, and the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

[0160] Exemplarily, the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to T q , or the absolute value of q is less than T q A positive integer. Correspondingly, T q is the threshold.

[0161] For example, the absolute value of q is the smallest among the set of optional absolute values ​​of q. q Correspondingly, the Mth q The absolute value of the optional q is the threshold.

[0162] Among them, q and N are optional ZC For example, the set of absolute values ​​of the optional q is the set of N ZC The set of all possible absolute values ​​of q that are mutually prime.

[0163] Of course, the first constraint condition is not limited to the above two examples.

[0164] In the specific implementation, T q or M q The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon between the transceiver devices, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0165] Optional, T q or M q The value of is related to at least one of the following:

[0166] 1) The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d .

[0167] N d The larger the value, the smaller the distortion caused by abs(q)>1, so the larger the absolute value of q that can be tolerated. d The larger the T q or M q The bigger.

[0168] For example, N d =n1 corresponds to Tq =t1,N d =n2 corresponds to T q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2. Or, N d =n1 corresponds to M q =t1,N d =n2 corresponds to M q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2.

[0169] 2) The number N of subcarriers corresponding to the first frequency-domain pilot signal (ie, the number of reference signals).

[0170] The larger N is, the smaller the distortion caused by abs(q)>1, so the larger the absolute value of q that can be tolerated is. Therefore, the larger N is, the larger T q or M q The bigger.

[0171] For example, N = n1 corresponds to T q =t1, N=n2 corresponds to T q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2. Or, N=n1 corresponds to M q =t1, N=n2 corresponds to M q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2.

[0172] 3) Maximum value of subcarrier mapping interval z T z .

[0173] T z The smaller it is, the smaller the distortion caused by abs(q)>1, so the larger the absolute value of q that can be tolerated. z The larger the T q or M q The smaller.

[0174] For example, T q =q1 corresponds to T z =t1,T q =q2 corresponds to T z =t2, if t1≤t2, then abs(q1)≥abs(q2). M q =q1 corresponds to T z =t1,M q =q2 corresponds to T z =t2, if t1≤t2, then abs(q1)≥abs(q2).

[0175] The embodiment of the present application can improve the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal (i.e., reduce the gap between the first time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal) by constraining the value of the root q of the ZC sequence, thereby helping to implement ISAC using the pilot signal and improve resource utilization.

[0176] Understandable, N. ZC The smaller it is than N, the greater the difference between the first time domain pilot signal r(n), r(t) and the Chirp signal, which leads to a decrease in receiver performance. Therefore, the implementation of this application can also constrain N ZC The value of improves the simulation detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal.

[0177] In one possible design, the length N of the time domain ZC sequence is ZC The second constraint condition is satisfied. The second constraint condition can be any of the following:

[0178] (1)N ZC is the largest prime number less than or equal to N, Or it can be described as: N is less than or equal to The largest prime number, N ZC =N. Where, N ZC The absolute value of the root q of the time domain ZC sequence is relatively prime.

[0179] In this way, the number of optional q values ​​can be as large as possible.

[0180] (2) In this way, the distortion of the first time domain pilot signal can be minimized as much as possible.

[0181] (3) because It is usually an even number, so this method can make N ZC The resulting distortion is minimal and makes N ZC is an odd number, so that there are as many optional values ​​of q as possible.

[0182] (4)N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer,

[0183] This way, the number of optional values ​​of q can be Among them, The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon by the signal sender and receiver. Equal to M q .

[0184] (5)N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, Is a positive integer.

[0185] This way, the number of optional values ​​of q can be Among them, The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon by the signal sender and receiver. Equal to M q .

[0186] In this embodiment of the present application, the length N of the ZC sequence is constrained. ZC The value of can improve the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal (ie, reduce the gap between the first time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal), thereby helping to implement ISAC using the pilot signal and improve resource utilization.

[0187] It can be understood that the larger the subcarrier mapping interval (i.e., z), the greater the difference between the final first time domain pilot signal r(n), r(t) and the ideal Chirp signal, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the receiver. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can also constrain the value of z to improve the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal.

[0188] In one possible design, z satisfies the third constraint, which can be any of the following:

[0189] (1) z is less than or equal to T z ;

[0190] (2) z is less than T z A positive integer.

[0191] In the specific implementation, T z The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon by the signal sender and receiver.

[0192] Optional, T z The value of can be related to at least one of the following:

[0193] (1) The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d .

[0194] N d The larger the T z >1 brings less distortion, so the tolerable T z Therefore, N d The larger the T z The bigger.

[0195] For example, N d =n1 corresponds to T z =t1,N d =n2 corresponds to T z =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2.

[0196] (2) The absolute value of the root q of the time-domain ZC sequence.

[0197] The smaller the absolute value of q is, the greater the z >1 brings less distortion, so the tolerable T z Therefore, the larger the q is, the greater the T z The smaller.

[0198] For example, abs(q)=q1 corresponds to T z =t1, abs(q)=q2 corresponding to T z =t2, if q1≥q2, then t1≤t2.

[0199] The embodiment of the present application can improve the analog detection performance of the first time domain pilot signal (i.e., reduce the gap between the first time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal) by constraining the subcarrier mapping interval z, thereby helping to implement ISAC using the pilot signal and improve resource utilization.

[0200] The above describes a method for constructing a ZC sequence in the time domain and thereby generating a pilot signal. The following describes a method for generating a ZC sequence in the frequency domain and thereby generating a pilot signal.

[0201] Referring to FIG5 , which is a flowchart of another signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method can be applied to any device (such as a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point, etc.) in any of the above-mentioned communication systems. The method includes:

[0202] S501: Generate a frequency domain ZC sequence.

[0203] Specifically, a ZC sequence is constructed in the frequency domain. In this article, the ZC sequence constructed in the frequency domain is referred to as a frequency-domain ZC sequence.

[0204] For example, assuming that the number of reference signals is N, where N is a positive integer, N is generated. ZC (where N ZC ≤N) frequency domain ZC sequences (i.e., length N ZC Frequency domain ZC sequence):

[0205]

[0206] Where k is the index of the X(k) sequence, q is the root of the ZC sequence, 0<q<N ZC , and q and N ZCare mutually prime; is the length of the ZC sequence, which is a positive integer; c = N mod 2, and p is an integer.

[0207] Of course, in practical applications, the frequency domain ZC sequence can also be Then it is required that 0<-q<N ZC , and -q and N ZC Mutually prime, this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0208] Regardless of the form, it satisfies: 0<abs(q)<N ZC , and abs(q) and N ZC Coprime. abs(q) represents the absolute value of q.

[0209] For the convenience of description, the frequency domain ZC sequence is For example.

[0210] S502: Generate a second frequency-domain pilot sequence based on the frequency-domain ZC sequence.

[0211] For example, if N ZC <N, then X(k) is cyclically extended to N. If N ZC > N, then truncate X(k) to N, for example:

[0212] where k is The index of the sequence, α is an integer;

[0213] right Perform phase shift to obtain the second frequency domain pilot sequence:

[0214] where k is The index of the sequence, β is a real number.

[0215] S503: Perform subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a second frequency domain pilot signal.

[0216] Specifically, the second frequency domain pilot sequence (such as ) is mapped to N subcarriers. Assume that the transmission bandwidth is N d subcarriers, the second frequency domain pilot sequence can be subcarrier mapped according to the subcarrier mapping interval z. This step can be referred to S403 and will not be described in detail here.

[0217] S504: Perform inverse Fourier transform on the second frequency-domain pilot signal to obtain a third time-domain pilot signal.

[0218] For example, performing inverse Fourier transform at point L yields the third time-domain pilot signal:

[0219] Where Φ is the set of reference signal subcarriers, n is an integer, and f(l) is the value corresponding to the lth subcarrier. The index of the sequence, W(l) is the weighting coefficient on the l-th subcarrier.

[0220] S505: Send a third time domain pilot signal.

[0221] Optionally, a CP may be added to the third time domain pilot signal, and the third time domain pilot signal with the CP may be sent.

[0222] Similarly, it is understandable that the third time domain pilot signal can also be represented by simulating a continuous time domain signal. For details, please refer to the relevant content of S405 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0223] The above solution, by generating a ZC sequence in the frequency domain, simplifies the steps and eliminates the Fourier transform step of converting the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal, thereby improving signal processing efficiency. Furthermore, ISAC can be implemented by generating a ZC sequence in the frequency domain. For example, after S505, an exemplary implementation of ISAC using a pilot signal can be performed. After S405, a fourth time domain pilot signal can be received. The fourth time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained by transmitting the third time domain pilot signal through a channel. The distance and / or speed of the target can be determined based on the third time domain pilot signal and the fourth time domain pilot signal. For example, the distance to the target can be determined based on the frequency difference determined between the third time domain pilot signal and the fourth time domain pilot signal.

[0224] In the embodiment of the present application, the time domain sequence obtained by performing inverse Fourier transform on X(k) is:

[0225]

[0226] It can be seen that x(n) is a time domain ZC sequence x with root γ γ (n) is multiplied by a phase offset θ. The receiver can compensate for this phase offset without loss of performance.

[0227] The root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence X(k) and the time domain ZC sequence x γ The root γ of (n) satisfies: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is a positive integer, and examples of δ values ​​are shown in Table 1.

[0228] Table 1

[0229]

[0230] It can be understood that the larger the absolute value of the root of the time domain ZC sequence (i.e., γ), the larger the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the ideal Chirp signal, which will lead to a decrease in receiver performance. γ The root γ of (n) has a corresponding relationship (i.e. γq=δN ZC -1), therefore, the embodiment of the present application can constrain the value range of q to constrain γ, thereby improving the simulation detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal.

[0231] In one possible design, the root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence satisfies the fourth constraint, which includes: the absolute value of q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to the threshold, and γ and q satisfy: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is an integer, the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the frequency domain ZC sequence, where u is a positive integer.

[0232] Exemplarily, the fourth constraint condition includes: q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to T q , or q is such that the absolute value of γ is less than T q integer, T q is the threshold.

[0233] Exemplarily, the fourth constraint condition includes: q is the first M in the set of optional q that minimizes the absolute value of γ q The absolute value of γ corresponding to the Mqth optional q is the threshold value, and the Mth q The absolute value of γ corresponding to the optional q is the threshold. ZC Mutually prime.

[0234] Among them, q and N are optional ZC For example, the set of absolute values ​​of the optional q is the set of N ZC The set of all possible absolute values ​​of q that are mutually prime.

[0235] Of course, the fourth constraint condition is not limited to the above two examples.

[0236] In the specific implementation, T q or M q The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon between the transceiver devices, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0237] Optional, T q or M q The value of is related to at least one of the following:

[0238] 1) The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d .

[0239] N d The larger the value, the smaller the distortion caused by abs(γ)>1, so the larger the absolute value of γ that can be tolerated. d The larger the T q or M q The bigger.

[0240] For example, N d =n1 corresponds to T q =t1,N d =n2 corresponds to T q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2. Or N d =n1 corresponds to M q =t1,N d =n2 corresponds to M q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2.

[0241] 2) The number N of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency-domain pilot signal.

[0242] The larger N is, the smaller the distortion caused by abs(γ)>1, so the larger the absolute value of γ that can be tolerated is. Therefore, the larger N is, the larger T q or M q The bigger.

[0243] For example, N = n1 corresponds to T q =t1, N=n2 corresponds to T q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2. Or N=n1 corresponds to M q =t1, N=n2 corresponds to M q =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2.

[0244] 3) Maximum value of subcarrier mapping interval z T z .

[0245] T z The smaller it is, the smaller the distortion caused by abs(γ)>1, so the larger the absolute value of γ that can be tolerated. z The larger the T q or M q The smaller.

[0246] For example, T q =q1 corresponds to T z =t1,T q =q2 corresponds to T z =t2, q=q1 corresponds to γ=d1, q=q2 corresponds to γ=d2. If t1≤t2, then abs(d1)≥abs(d2). M q =q1 corresponds to T z =t1,Mq =q2 corresponds to T z =t2, if t1≤t2, then abs(d1)≥abs(d2).

[0247] The embodiment of the present application can constrain the root γ of the time domain ZC sequence by constraining the value of the root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence, thereby improving the analog detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal (i.e., reducing the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal), thereby helping to implement ISAC using the pilot signal and improving resource utilization.

[0248] Understandable, N. ZC The smaller it is than N, the greater the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the Chirp signal, which leads to a decrease in receiver performance. Therefore, the implementation of this application can also constrain N ZC The value of improves the simulation detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal.

[0249] In one possible design, the length N of the time domain ZC sequence is ZC The fifth constraint condition is satisfied. The fifth constraint condition can be any of the following:

[0250] (1)N ZC is the largest prime number less than or equal to N, Or it can be described as: N is less than or equal to The largest prime number, N ZC =N. Where, N ZC The absolute value of the root q of the time domain ZC sequence is relatively prime.

[0251] In this way, the number of optional q values ​​can be as large as possible.

[0252] (2) In this way, the distortion of the third time domain pilot signal can be minimized as much as possible.

[0253] (3) because It is usually an even number, so this method can make N ZC The resulting distortion is minimal and makes N ZC is an odd number, so that there are as many optional values ​​of q as possible.

[0254] (4)N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer,

[0255] This way, the number of optional values ​​of q can be Among them, The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon by the signal sender and receiver. Equal to M q .

[0256] (5)N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, Is a positive integer.

[0257] This way, the number of optional values ​​of q can be Among them, The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon by the signal sender and receiver. Equal to M q .

[0258] In this embodiment of the present application, the length N of the ZC sequence is constrained. ZC The value of can improve the analog detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal (ie, reduce the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal), thereby helping to implement ISAC using the pilot signal and improve resource utilization.

[0259] It can be understood that the larger the subcarrier mapping interval (i.e., z), the greater the gap between the final third time domain pilot signal and the ideal Chirp signal, resulting in a decrease in receiver performance. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can also constrain the value of z to improve the analog detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal.

[0260] In one possible design, z satisfies the sixth constraint, which can be any of the following:

[0261] (1) z is less than or equal to T z ;

[0262] (2) z is less than T z A positive integer.

[0263] In the specific implementation, T z The value of can be configured by the base station or agreed upon by the signal sender and receiver.

[0264] Optional, T z The value of can be related to at least one of the following:

[0265] (1) The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d .

[0266] N d The larger the T z>1 brings less distortion, so the tolerable T z Therefore, N d The larger the T z The bigger.

[0267] For example, N d =n1 corresponds to T z =t1,N d =n2 corresponds to T z =t2, if n1≤n2, then t1≤t2.

[0268] (2) The root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence.

[0269] The smaller the absolute value of q is, the greater the z >1 brings less distortion, so the tolerable T z Therefore, the larger the q is, the greater the T z The smaller.

[0270] For example, abs(q)=q1 corresponds to T z =t1, abs(q)=q2 corresponding to T z =t2, if q1≥q2, then t1≤t2.

[0271] (3) The absolute value of the root γ of the time domain ZC sequence.

[0272] The smaller γ is, the greater the z >1 brings less distortion, so the tolerable T z Therefore, the larger the value of γ, the greater the z The smaller.

[0273] For example, q = q1 corresponds to γ ​​= d1, T z =t1; q = q2 corresponds to γ ​​= d2, T z =t2; if abs(d1)≥abs(d2), then t1≤t2.

[0274] The embodiment of the present application can improve the analog detection performance of the third time domain pilot signal (i.e., reduce the gap between the third time domain pilot signal and the chirp signal) by constraining the subcarrier mapping interval z, thereby helping to implement ISAC using the pilot signal and improve resource utilization.

[0275] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 600, which can be, for example, a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point, or a chip inside a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point. The device 600 includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the steps of the methods in the embodiments shown in Figures 4 or 5 above. The functions, units, or means can be implemented by software or hardware, or the corresponding software implementation can be executed by hardware.

[0276] Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 6 , an apparatus 600 may include a processing module 601 and a transceiver module 602 .

[0277] When the apparatus 600 is used to implement the method in the embodiment shown in FIG4 , the processing module 601 is configured to generate a time domain ZC sequence; generate a first frequency domain pilot sequence based on the time domain ZC sequence; perform subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a first frequency domain pilot signal; perform inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a first time domain pilot signal; and the transceiver module 602 is configured to send the first time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the time domain ZC sequence satisfies a first constraint condition; the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold value, and the threshold value is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

[0278] When the device 600 is used to implement the method in the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the processing module 601 is used to generate a frequency domain ZC sequence; generate a second frequency domain pilot sequence based on the frequency domain ZC sequence; perform subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a second frequency domain pilot signal; perform inverse Fourier transform on the second frequency domain pilot signal to obtain a third time domain pilot signal; the transceiver module 602 is used to send the third time domain pilot signal; wherein the root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence satisfies the fourth constraint condition, and the fourth constraint condition includes: the absolute value of the q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to the threshold, and the γ and the q satisfy: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is an integer, the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the frequency domain ZC sequence, where u is a positive integer.

[0279] It should be understood that all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module and will not be repeated here.

[0280] Based on the same technical concept, referring to FIG7 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 700, including:

[0281] At least one processor 701; and a communication interface 703 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 701; the at least one processor 701 executes instructions stored in the memory 702, so that the device executes the method steps performed by the network device in the embodiment shown in Figure 5 through the communication interface 703.

[0282] Optionally, the memory 702 is located outside the device 700 .

[0283] Optionally, the apparatus 700 includes the memory 702, which is connected to the at least one processor 701 and stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 701. FIG7 uses dashed lines to indicate that the memory 702 is optional for the apparatus 700.

[0284] The processor 701 and the memory 702 may be coupled via an interface circuit or may be integrated together, which is not limited here.

[0285] The specific connection medium between the processor 701, memory 702, and communication interface 703 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In Figure 7, the processor 701, memory 702, and communication interface 703 are connected via a bus 704. The bus is represented by a bold line in Figure 7. The connection between other components is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 7 only uses a single bold line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0286] The specific connection medium between the processor 701, memory 702, and communication interface 703 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In Figure 7, the processor 701, memory 702, and communication interface 703 are connected via a bus 704. The bus is represented by a bold line in Figure 7. The connection between other components is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 7 only uses a single bold line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0287] It should be understood that the processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor that is implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0288] Exemplarily, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0289] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DR RAM).

[0290] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0291] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0292] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or instruction. When the program or instruction runs on a computer, the method shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 is executed.

[0293] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including instructions, which, when run on a computer, enables the method shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 to be executed.

[0294] All relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module and will not be repeated here.

[0295] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0296] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or box in the flow chart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the flow chart and / or box in the flow chart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for implementing the functions specified in one or more flow charts and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0297] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0298] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0299] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: Generate time domain ZC sequence; Generate a first frequency-domain pilot sequence based on the time-domain ZC sequence; Performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a first frequency domain pilot signal; Performing an inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency-domain pilot signal to obtain a first time-domain pilot signal; sending the first time domain pilot signal; The root q of the time domain ZC sequence satisfies the first constraint condition; the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold, and the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in, The first constraint condition includes: The absolute value of q is less than or equal to T q , or the absolute value of q is less than T q A positive integer, the T q is the threshold; or, The absolute value of q is the first M with the smallest value in the set of optional absolute values ​​of q q The Mth q The absolute value of the optional q is the threshold; wherein the optional q and N ZC Mutually prime.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The T q or the M q The value of is related to at least one of the following: The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d ; The number N of subcarriers corresponding to the first frequency domain pilot signal; The maximum value of subcarrier mapping interval z is T z .

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The N d The larger the T q or the M q The larger; or, The larger the N is, the q or the M q The larger; or, The T z The larger the T q or the M q The smaller.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The length N of the time domain ZC sequence ZC The second constraint condition is satisfied, wherein the second constraint condition includes: or, or, The N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer, or, The N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, is a positive integer; Wherein, N is the number of subcarriers corresponding to the first frequency domain pilot signal, and N d is the number of subcarriers included in the transmission bandwidth, and z is the subcarrier mapping interval.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence includes: Performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence according to the subcarrier mapping interval z; Wherein, z satisfies a third constraint condition, and the third constraint condition includes: z is less than or equal to T z , or z is less than T z A positive integer.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The T z The value of is related to at least one of the following: The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d ; The absolute value of the root q of the time-domain ZC sequence.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The N d The larger the T z The larger; or, The larger the q is, the z The smaller.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein Also includes: receiving a second time domain pilot signal, where the second time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained after the first time domain pilot signal is transmitted through a channel; The distance and / or speed of the target is determined according to the first time domain pilot signal and the second time domain pilot signal.

10. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: Generate frequency domain ZC sequence; generating a second frequency-domain pilot sequence based on the frequency-domain ZC sequence; Performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a second frequency domain pilot signal; Performing an inverse Fourier transform on the second frequency-domain pilot signal to obtain a third time-domain pilot signal; Sending the third time domain pilot signal; The root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence satisfies the fourth constraint condition, which includes: the absolute value of q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to the threshold, and γ and q satisfy: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is an integer, the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the frequency domain ZC sequence, where u is a positive integer.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein The γ is the root of the ZC sequence obtained by performing inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain ZC sequence.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: The fourth constraint condition includes: The q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to T q , or q is such that the absolute value of γ is less than T q An integer, the T q is the threshold; or, The q is the first M in the set of optional q that minimizes the absolute value of γ. q , No. M q The absolute value of γ corresponding to the optional q is the threshold, and the Mth q The absolute value of γ corresponding to the optional q is the threshold, wherein the optional q and N ZC Mutually prime.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The T q or the M q The value of is related to at least one of the following: The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d ; The number N of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency domain pilot signal; The maximum value of subcarrier mapping interval z is T z .

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein The N d The larger the T q or the M q The larger; or, The larger the N is, the q or the M q The larger; or, The T z The larger the T q or the M q The smaller.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein: The length N of the frequency domain ZC sequence ZC The fifth constraint is satisfied; The fifth constraint condition includes: or, or, The N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer, or, The N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, is a positive integer; Wherein, N is the number of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency domain pilot signal, and N d is the number of subcarriers included in the transmission bandwidth, and z is the subcarrier mapping interval.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein: The performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence includes: Performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence according to a subcarrier mapping interval z; Wherein, z satisfies the sixth constraint condition, and the sixth constraint condition includes: z is less than or equal to T z , or z is less than T z A positive integer, the T z is the threshold.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein The T z The value of is related to at least one of the following: The number of subcarriers N contained in the transmission bandwidth d ; The root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence; The d -1 The absolute value of .

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein The N d The larger the T z The larger; or, The larger the γ is, the z The smaller.

19. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein: Also includes: receiving a fourth time domain pilot signal, where the fourth time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained after the third time domain pilot signal is transmitted through a channel; The distance and / or speed of the target is determined according to the third time domain pilot signal and the fourth time domain pilot signal.

20. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processing module, configured to generate a time-domain ZC sequence; Generate a first frequency-domain pilot sequence based on the time-domain ZC sequence; Performing subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a first frequency domain pilot signal; Performing an inverse Fourier transform on the first frequency-domain pilot signal to obtain a first time-domain pilot signal; a transceiver module, configured to send the first time domain pilot signal; The root q of the time domain ZC sequence satisfies the first constraint condition; the first constraint condition includes: the absolute value of q is less than or equal to a threshold, and the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the time domain ZC sequence, and u is a positive integer.

21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that The length N of the time domain ZC sequence ZC The second constraint condition is satisfied, wherein the second constraint condition includes: or, or, The N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer, or, The N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, is a positive integer; Wherein, N is the number of subcarriers corresponding to the first frequency domain pilot signal, and N d is the number of subcarriers included in the transmission bandwidth, and z is the subcarrier mapping interval.

22. The device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The processing module is configured to perform subcarrier mapping on the first frequency domain pilot sequence according to the subcarrier mapping interval z; Wherein, z satisfies a third constraint condition, and the third constraint condition includes: z is less than or equal to T z , or z is less than T z A positive integer.

23. The device according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that The transceiver module is further configured to receive a second time domain pilot signal, where the second time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained after the first time domain pilot signal is transmitted through a channel; The processing module is further configured to determine a distance and / or speed of a target according to the first time domain pilot signal and the second time domain pilot signal.

24. A communication device, characterized in that: include: A processing module, configured to generate a frequency domain ZC sequence; generating a second frequency-domain pilot sequence based on the frequency-domain ZC sequence; Performing subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence to obtain a second frequency domain pilot signal; Performing an inverse Fourier transform on the second frequency-domain pilot signal to obtain a third time-domain pilot signal; a transceiver module, configured to send the third time domain pilot signal; The root q of the frequency domain ZC sequence satisfies the fourth constraint condition, which includes: the absolute value of q makes the absolute value of γ less than or equal to the threshold, and γ and q satisfy: γq=δN ZC -1, δ is an integer, the threshold is less than N ZC -u,N ZC is the length of the frequency domain ZC sequence, where u is a positive integer.

25. The device according to claim 24, wherein The length N of the frequency domain ZC sequence ZC The fifth constraint is satisfied; The fifth constraint condition includes: or, or, The N ZC To satisfy the condition that it is less than or equal to N and the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of is a positive integer, or, The N ZC To satisfy less than or equal to And the number of optional values ​​of q is The maximum value among all possible values ​​of N ZC =N, is a positive integer; Wherein, N is the number of subcarriers corresponding to the second frequency domain pilot signal, and N d is the number of subcarriers included in the transmission bandwidth, and z is the subcarrier mapping interval.

26. The device according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that The processing module is configured to perform subcarrier mapping on the second frequency domain pilot sequence according to a subcarrier mapping interval z; Wherein, z satisfies the sixth constraint condition, and the sixth constraint condition includes: z is less than or equal to T z , or z is less than T z A positive integer, the T z is the threshold.

27. The device according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that Also includes: receiving a fourth time domain pilot signal, where the fourth time domain pilot signal is a signal obtained after the third time domain pilot signal is transmitted through a channel; The distance and / or speed of the target is determined according to the third time domain pilot signal and the fourth time domain pilot signal.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor causes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to be executed through a logic circuit or by executing code instructions, or causes the method according to any one of claims 10 to 19 to be executed.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 10 to 19 is executed.

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