Method for improving cross pollination efficiency of mangoes
By bagging the mango trees and using pollination additives to treat pollen, the problems of low pollination efficiency and low fruit setting rate of mango hybridization are solved, and efficient mango hybrid breeding is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510230552.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-03
AI Technical Summary
Mango hybrid pollination efficiency is low, fruit setting rate is low, the existing technology is complex and limited, which limits the efficiency of mango hybrid breeding.
The mother and father trees were treated with bagging, and pollination additives were used to treat pollen, including cytokinin, auxin, azylstrophin, glucose, vitamin B, vitamin E, xanthan gum, benzalkonium chloride and Tween-80, to improve pollen vitality and pollination success rate.
It significantly improves the fruiting rate of mango hybridization, simplifies the pollination process, and speeds up the process of mango hybrid breeding.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0005291350240000091
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mango hybridization, and particularly to a method for improving the hybridization pollination efficiency of mangoes. Background Art
[0002] Mango is the common name of Mangifera indica (Flora of China), and is an important tropical fruit. It is known as the "King of Tropical Fruits" because of its beautiful appearance, sweet fruit and strong aroma. The main growing areas of mangoes are between 30° north and south latitudes, including more than 100 countries and regions. There are currently more than 1,000 mango varieties in the world. After decades of cultivation, these varieties are facing problems such as reduced yield, decreased resistance, and poor consistency, and the problem of lack of excellent mango varieties is becoming increasingly prominent.
[0003] Because the mango inflorescence is relatively large, there are many small flowers on a single inflorescence, the pollen is small (nearly spherical or oblong, with a diameter range of 17-25 μm), the survival time of the pollen after it is emitted from the anther is short, and both male and bisexual flowers are included on the same inflorescence, so it is very difficult to perform artificial hybridization pollination; in addition, there is also a problem of low fruit setting rate after artificial pollination of mangoes. Usually, hundreds of flowers need to be emasculated and pollinated to obtain a single hybrid fruit and seed. Moreover, the growth and development of the mango inflorescence are often affected by climatic conditions such as humidity and temperature, and there are often phenomena of non-overlapping flowering periods. Coupled with the immaturity of traditional artificial hybridization techniques and other reasons, the mango hybridization pollination work is relatively difficult and the efficiency is low. These problems greatly limit the efficiency of mango hybridization breeding, resulting in very limited achievements in current mango hybridization breeding.
[0004] The current mango hybridization breeding mainly adopts the following methods: The first is the method of artificial pollination with inflorescence bagging, that is, emasculating and pollinating each bisexual floret of the female parent one by one, and then bagging and isolating. The hybrid fruits and seeds obtained by this method have clear parental sources of the parents, but the operation is time-consuming, with high labor costs and low efficiency. The paper bags, plastic film bags, plastic bags, etc. used for bagging on the inflorescence have poor air permeability, which will affect the development and fruit setting of the inflorescence; The second is the method of artificial isolation and natural hybridization, that is, selecting a self-incompatible variety as the female parent and planting it together with the parents. After 3 - 5 years when the tree enters the fruiting stage, during the flowering period, cover it with a large-area insect-proof net together with the male parent to block cross-pollination by insects from the outside world. This method has low operation costs, but due to the relatively large aperture of the insect-proof net, although it prevents cross-pollination by insects from the outside world, it cannot prevent the escape of external pollen into the insect-proof net through wind and other means. Therefore, the paternal source of the hybrid fruits and seeds obtained cannot be determined, and the cycle from planting the parental trees to obtaining hybrid seeds is relatively long; The third method is the method of natural pollination with mixed planting of the parents. It is similar to the second method, but during the flowering period, instead of covering the parents with an insect-proof net, let them pollinate naturally. This method not only has a relatively long operation cycle, and it also takes 4 - 6 years from planting the parental trees to obtaining hybrid seeds, and the paternal source of the hybrid fruits and seeds obtained cannot be completely determined; Whether it is the second or the third method, there is also a common drawback, that is, only self-incompatible varieties can be selected as the female parent, and this method cannot be used for varieties whose female parent belongs to non-self-incompatible types.
[0005] Therefore, how to provide a method to improve the efficiency of mango hybrid pollination to solve the technical problems of low fruit setting rate and complex hybrid pollination method in the existing technology is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method to improve the efficiency of mango hybrid pollination.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] The present invention provides a method to improve the efficiency of mango hybrid pollination, including the following steps:
[0009] (1) Remove the already opened male flowers and bisexual flowers of the female parent tree, and bag the female parent tree and the male parent tree;
[0010] (2) Before hybridization, collect the anthers of the male flowers of the male parent tree, obtain pollen after drying under light, and mix and cultivate the pollen with a pollination adjuvant;
[0011] (3) Pollinate the female parent tree with the pollen cultivated in step (2), bag it, and spray water on the bag;
[0012] (4) Spray a pollination adjuvant on the pollinated inflorescence and remove the bag.
[0013] The pollination aid comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.4 - 0.8 part of cytokinin, 0.4 - 0.8 part of auxin, 0.2 - 0.4 part of azoxystrobin, 13 - 17 parts of glucose, 1 - 3 parts of vitamin B, 0.5 - 0.9 part of vitamin E, 1 - 3 parts of xanthan gum, 0.2 - 0.8 part of benzalkonium chloride, 4 - 8 parts of Tween-80, and 200 - 300 parts of water.
[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the pollination aid is as follows:
[0015] 1) Mix cytokinin, auxin, azoxystrobin, glucose, vitamin B, vitamin E, benzalkonium chloride and water to obtain material 1;
[0016] 2) Mix the material 1 with Tween-80 to obtain material 2;
[0017] 3) Mix the material 2 with xanthan gum to obtain the pollination aid.
[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of the pollen to the pollination aid in step (2) is 2 - 4:400 - 600.
[0019] Preferably, the size of the bag used for bagging is 30 - 40 cm × 40 - 50 cm; the material of the bag is white parchment paper bag.
[0020] Preferably, the temperature of the light drying in step (2) is 25 - 29 °C; the time of the light drying is 10 - 20 h.
[0021] Preferably, the light intensity of the light drying in step (2) is 140 - 180 W.
[0022] Preferably, the time of the cultivation in step (2) is 4 - 8 h, and the temperature of the cultivation is 26 - 29 °C.
[0023] Preferably, immediately after bagging in step (3), spray water on the bag once, and then spray water on the bag once every 3 - 4 h, for a total of 3 - 5 times.
[0024] Preferably, spray the pollination aid 18 - 24 h after pollination in step (4).
[0025] Preferably, remove the bag 2 - 3 d after pollination in step (4).
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] 1. The present invention first selects mango trees in the full fruiting period as female parent trees. The growth state of mango trees at this time is the best. Most of the already opened male flowers are selected as male parent trees, so as to obtain a large amount of pollen at the same time. Then, the selected female parent trees and male parent trees are bagged to isolate the interference of external pollen or other factors. The present invention selects white parchment paper bags for bagging, which have the effects of air permeability, water permeability and good light transmittance, and will not affect the growth of the inflorescence before and after pollination.
[0028] 2. When pollinating, the present invention selects to use a pollination aid to treat the pollen. The pollination aid can improve the vitality of the pollen and the pollination success rate, especially in the cultivation process of the pollen, further enhancing the activity of the pollen. Cytokinins and auxins have the effect of promoting pollen germination and growth. Azoxystrobin belongs to the strobilurin fungicides. When used in combination with benzalkonium chloride, it not only has a good bactericidal effect, avoiding the pollution caused by the introduction of bacteria or viruses in the pollen. Especially after pollination is completed, azoxystrobin can reduce the ethylene content in the inflorescence. In the deformed inflorescence of mango, there will be problems such as the shortening and thickening of the second branch of the inflorescence axis and the over-dense flower clusters. And the ethylene content in the deformed inflorescence is 145% of that in the normal inflorescence. Therefore, reducing the ethylene content in the normal or deformed inflorescence can avoid or prevent the above problems in the deformed inflorescence and normal inflorescence, and make the pollinated inflorescence grow normally. Glucose in the pollination aid plays the role of providing energy, vitamins B and E provide necessary nutrients for the pollen, and Tween-80, as a surfactant, can make the pollination aid better mix with the pollen and better adsorb on the stigma of the inflorescence during pollination.
[0029] 3. After pollination, the present invention bags the inflorescence and sprays water to keep the bag always moist, so that the inflorescence in the bag can always be in a high-humidity environment, which helps the combination of pollen and stigma. And after a period of time after pollination, the pollination aid is sprayed again because the action time of the pollination aid is limited. The purpose is to keep the pollen always in its original vitality and improve the fruit setting rate.
[0030] 4. The method for improving the efficiency of mango cross-pollination provided by the present invention greatly improves the fruit setting rate of mango cross-pollination. The whole pollination process is simple and convenient, and accelerates the process of mango cross-breeding. Detailed implementation mode
[0031] The present invention provides a method for improving the efficiency of mango cross-pollination, which includes the following steps:
[0032] (1) Remove the already opened male flowers and bisexual flowers of the female parent tree, and bag the female parent tree and the male parent tree;
[0033] (2) Before hybridization, collect the anthers of the male flowers of the male parent tree, obtain pollen after drying under light, and mix the pollen with a pollination assistant for cultivation;
[0034] (3) Pollinate the female parent tree with the pollen cultivated in step (2), bag it, and spray water on the bag;
[0035] (4) Spray the pollination assistant on the pollinated inflorescence and remove the bag;
[0036] The pollination assistant comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.4 - 0.8 parts of cytokinin, 0.4 - 0.8 parts of auxin, 0.2 - 0.4 parts of azoxystrobin, 13 - 17 parts of glucose, 1 - 3 parts of vitamin B, 0.5 - 0.9 parts of vitamin E, 1 - 3 parts of xanthan gum, 0.2 - 0.8 parts of benzalkonium chloride, 4 - 8 parts of Tween - 80, and 200 - 300 parts of water;
[0037] Preferably, it is 0.5 - 0.7 parts of cytokinin, 0.5 - 0.7 parts of auxin, 0.3 parts of azoxystrobin, 14 - 16 parts of glucose, 2 parts of vitamin B, 0.6 - 0.8 parts of vitamin E, 2 parts of xanthan gum, 0.3 - 0.7 parts of benzalkonium chloride, 5 - 7 parts of Tween - 80, and 220 - 280 parts of water;
[0038] More preferably, it is 0.6 parts of cytokinin, 0.6 parts of auxin, 0.3 parts of azoxystrobin, 15 parts of glucose, 2 parts of vitamin B, 0.7 parts of vitamin E, 2 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5 parts of benzalkonium chloride, 6 parts of Tween - 80, and 240 - 260 parts of water;
[0039] Even more preferably, it is 0.6 parts of cytokinin, 0.6 parts of auxin, 0.3 parts of azoxystrobin, 15 parts of glucose, 2 parts of vitamin B, 0.7 parts of vitamin E, 2 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5 parts of benzalkonium chloride, 6 parts of Tween - 80, and 250 parts of water.
[0040] In the present invention, the preparation method of the pollination assistant is as follows:
[0041] 1) Mix cytokinin, auxin, azoxystrobin, glucose, vitamin B, vitamin E, benzalkonium chloride, and water to obtain material 1;
[0042] 2) Mix the material 1 with Tween - 80 to obtain material 2;
[0043] 3) Mix the material 2 with xanthan gum to obtain the pollination assistant.
[0044] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the pollen to the pollination assistant in step (2) is 2 - 4:400 - 600; preferably 3:400 - 600; more preferably 3:450 - 550; even more preferably 3:500.
[0045] In the present invention, the specifications of the bag used for bagging are 30 - 40 cm × 40 - 50 cm; preferably 32 - 38 cm × 42 - 48 cm; more preferably 34 - 36 cm × 44 - 46 cm; and most preferably 35 cm × 45 cm.
[0046] The material of the bag is a white parchment paper bag.
[0047] In the present invention, the temperature of the light drying in step (2) is 25 - 29 °C; preferably 26 - 28 °C; more preferably 27 °C.
[0048] In the present invention, the time of the light drying in step (2) is 10 - 20 h; preferably 12 - 18 h; more preferably 14 - 16 h; and most preferably 15 h.
[0049] In the present invention, the light intensity of the light drying in step (2) is 140 - 180 W; preferably 150 - 170 W; more preferably 160 W.
[0050] In the present invention, the time of the cultivation in step (2) is 4 - 8 h; preferably 5 - 7 h; more preferably 6 h.
[0051] In the present invention, the temperature of the cultivation in step (2) is 26 - 29 °C; preferably 27 - 28 °C; more preferably 28 °C.
[0052] In the present invention, immediately after bagging in step (3), the bag is sprayed with water once, and then the bag is sprayed with water once every 3 - 4 h, for a total of 3 - 5 times; preferably, the bag is sprayed with water once every 3 h, for a total of 3 - 5 times; more preferably, the bag is sprayed with water once every 3 h, for a total of 5 times.
[0053] In the present invention, in step (4), a pollination aid is sprayed 18 - 24 h after pollination; preferably 19 - 23 h; more preferably 20 - 22 h; and most preferably 21 h.
[0054] In the present invention, in step (4), the bag is removed 2 - 3 d after pollination; preferably 3 d.
[0055] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
[0056] Example 1
[0057] A method for improving the cross - pollination efficiency of mangoes, the steps are as follows:
[0058] (1) Select mango trees in the full fruiting period as female parent trees. During the full bloom period, remove the already opened male and bisexual flowers of the female parent trees. Select mostly already opened male flowers as male parent trees, and bag the female parent trees and male parent trees to achieve the purpose of isolating the outside world;
[0059] The specifications of the bags used for bagging are 30 cm × 40 cm; the material of the bags is white parchment paper bags;
[0060] (2) Mix 0.4 parts of cytokinin, 0.4 parts of auxin, 0.2 parts of azoxystrobin, 13 parts of glucose, 1 part of vitamin B, 0.5 part of vitamin E, 0.2 part of benzalkonium chloride and 200 parts of water to obtain Material 1;
[0061] (3) Mix the Material 1 with 4 parts of Tween-80 to obtain Material 2;
[0062] (4) Mix the Material 2 with 1 part of xanthan gum to obtain a pollination aid;
[0063] (5) Before hybridization, collect the anthers of the male flowers of the male parent tree, and obtain pollen after light drying;
[0064] The temperature of the light drying is 25 °C; the time of the light drying is 10 h; the light intensity of the light drying is 140 W;
[0065] (6) Mix the pollen and the pollination aid in a mass ratio of 2:400, and cultivate at 26 °C for 4 h to improve the vitality of the pollen and the pollination success rate;
[0066] (7) Pollinate the female parent tree with the cultivated pollen, bag it, and immediately spray the bag with water once after bagging, and then spray the bag with water once every 3 h for a total of 3 times to make the bag completely wet;
[0067] (8) Mark the pollinated inflorescences for convenient subsequent management. 18 h after pollination, spray the pollination aid on the inflorescences to make the inflorescences completely wet, and remove the bag 2 days after pollination.
[0068] Example 2
[0069] A method for improving the hybrid pollination efficiency of mangoes is as follows:
[0070] (1) Select mango trees in the full fruiting period as female parent trees. During the full bloom period, remove the already opened male and bisexual flowers of the female parent trees. Select mostly already opened male flowers as male parent trees, and bag the female parent trees and male parent trees to achieve the purpose of isolating the outside world;
[0071] The specifications of the bags used for bagging are 40 cm × 50 cm; the material of the bags is white parchment paper bags;
[0072] (2) Mix 0.8 parts of cytokinin, 0.8 parts of auxin, 0.4 parts of azoxystrobin, 17 parts of glucose, 3 parts of vitamin B, 0.9 parts of vitamin E, 0.8 parts of benzalkonium chloride and 300 parts of water to obtain Material 1;
[0073] (3) Mix the said Material 1 with 8 parts of Tween-80 to obtain Material 2;
[0074] (4) Mix the said Material 2 with 3 parts of xanthan gum to obtain a pollination aid;
[0075] (5) Before hybridization, collect the anthers of the male flowers of the male parent tree, and obtain pollen after drying under light;
[0076] The temperature of the said drying under light is 29 °C; the time of the said drying under light is 20 h; the light intensity of the said drying under light is 180 W;
[0077] (6) Mix the pollen and the pollination aid according to a mass ratio of 4:600, and cultivate at 29 °C for 8 h to improve the vitality of the pollen and the pollination success rate;
[0078] (7) Pollinate the female parent tree with the cultivated pollen, bag it, spray the bag with water once immediately after bagging, and then spray the bag with water once every 4 h for a total of 5 times to make the bag completely wet;
[0079] (8) Mark the pollinated inflorescences for convenient subsequent management. At 24 h after pollination, spray the pollination aid on the inflorescences to make the inflorescences completely wet, and remove the bag 3 d after pollination.
[0080] Example 3
[0081] A method for improving the hybridization pollination efficiency of mangoes, the steps are as follows:
[0082] (1) Select a mango tree in the full fruit period as the female parent tree. During the full bloom period, remove the already opened male and bisexual flowers of the female parent tree, select most of the already opened male flowers as the male parent tree, and bag the female parent tree and the male parent tree to achieve the purpose of isolating the outside world;
[0083] The specification of the bag used for bagging is 35 cm × 45 cm; the material of the bag is a white parchment paper bag;
[0084] (2) Mix 0.6 parts of cytokinin, 0.6 parts of auxin, 0.3 parts of azoxystrobin, 15 parts of glucose, 2 parts of vitamin B, 0.7 parts of vitamin E, 0.5 parts of benzalkonium chloride and 250 parts of water to obtain Material 1;
[0085] (3) Mix the said Material 1 with 6 parts of Tween-80 to obtain Material 2;
[0086] (4) Mix the said Material 2 with 2 parts of xanthan gum to obtain a pollination aid;
[0087] (5) Before hybridization, collect the anthers of the male flowers of the male parent tree, and obtain pollen after light drying;
[0088] The temperature of the light drying is 27 °C; the time of the light drying is 15 h; the light intensity of the light drying is 160 W;
[0089] (6) Mix the pollen with the pollination adjuvant at a mass ratio of 3:500, and cultivate at 28 °C for 6 h to improve the vitality of the pollen and the pollination success rate;
[0090] (7) Pollinate the female parent tree with the cultivated pollen, bag it, spray the bag with water immediately after bagging, and then spray the bag with water every 3 h for a total of 5 times to make the bag completely wet;
[0091] (8) Mark the pollinated inflorescences for convenient subsequent management. At 21 h after pollination, spray the pollination adjuvant on the inflorescences to make the inflorescences completely wet, and remove the bag 3 d after pollination.
[0092] Experimental Example 1
[0093] Comparative experiment:
[0094] During 2020-2021, a hybridization experiment was carried out with the Jinhuang variety as the female parent and the Irwin variety as the male parent, and the parents of each experimental group were the same.
[0095] Use the method of Example 3 as the experimental group;
[0096] Meanwhile, the present invention also set up Control Group 1 to verify the influence of the use of azoxystrobin on the fruiting rate of mangoes;
[0097] Control Group 1, other methods are the same as those in Example 3, the only difference is that an equal amount of distilled water is used to replace azoxystrobin;
[0098] Meanwhile, the present invention also set up Control Group 2 to verify the influence of the use of glucose on the fruiting rate of mangoes;
[0099] Control Group 2, other methods are the same as those in Example 3, the only difference is that an equal amount of distilled water is used to replace glucose;
[0100] Meanwhile, the present invention also set up Control Group 3 to verify the influence of the use of vitamin E on the fruiting rate of mangoes;
[0101] Control Group 3, other methods are the same as those in Example 3, the only difference is that an equal amount of distilled water is used to replace vitamin E;
[0102] Meanwhile, the present invention also set up Control Group 4 to verify the influence of the use of benzalkonium chloride on the fruiting rate of mangoes;
[0103] Control group 4, the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that an equal amount of distilled water is used to replace benzalkonium chloride;
[0104] Meanwhile, the present invention also sets up Control group 5 to verify the influence of the cultivation process of pollen and pollination aids on the fruit setting rate of mangoes;
[0105] Control group 5, the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that after the pollen and pollination aids are mixed, they are not cultivated and are directly pollinated;
[0106] Meanwhile, the present invention also sets up Control group 6 to verify the influence of spraying water on the bag after bagging after pollination on the fruit setting rate of mangoes;
[0107] Control group 6, the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that after bagging after pollination, the bag is not sprayed with water;
[0108] Meanwhile, the present invention also sets up Control group 7 to verify the influence of spraying pollination aids after pollination on the fruit setting rate of mangoes;
[0109] Control group 7, the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that pollination aids are not sprayed after pollination;
[0110] Meanwhile, the present invention also sets up Control group 8 to verify the influence of the light intensity of light drying on the fruit setting rate of mangoes;
[0111] Control group 8, the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that the light intensity of the light drying is 200W;
[0112] Meanwhile, the present invention also sets up Control group 9 to verify the influence of the use of pollination aids on the fruit setting rate of mangoes;
[0113] Control group 9, the other methods are the same as those in Example 3, except that pollination aids are not used, the pollen obtained in step (6) is directly subjected to pollination treatment, and pollination aids are not sprayed after pollination;
[0114] Prior art group: Hybridization treatment is carried out according to the method described by Yao Quansheng (Yao Quansheng, Preliminary Report on Mango Artificial Hybrid Pollination Experiment, 2009; 1.2.2).
[0115] The hybridization experiments are carried out once in 2020 and 2021 respectively. Each experimental group processes 100 inflorescences every year, counts the number of hybrid fruits obtained, calculates the fruit setting rate, and the statistical results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
[0116] Table 1 Fruit setting rate of different experimental groups in 2020
[0117]
[0118]
[0119] Table 2 Seed setting rate of different experimental groups in 2021
[0120] Number of pollinated inflorescences Seed setting rate Experimental group 100 39％ Control group 1 100 30％ Control group 2 100 33％ Control group 3 100 33％ Control group 4 100 30％ Control group 5 100 29％ Control group 6 100 30％ Control group 7 100 33％ Control group 8 100 31％ Control group 9 100 27％ Prior art group 100 28％
[0121] As can be seen from the contents recorded in Table 1 and Table 2, the method of the present invention has a high seed setting rate for mangoes, and the highest seed setting rate can reach 39%, which is significantly better than the treatment methods of the prior art groups.
[0122] From the data of Control Group 1 to Control Group 4, it can be seen that the pollination aid provided by the present invention can significantly improve the seed setting rate of mangoes. If some components are discarded, the use effect of the pollination aid will be significantly affected.
[0123] From the data of Control Group 5 to Control Group 9, it can be seen that only by adopting the method for treating anthers or pollen of the present invention can the best technical effect be achieved. If the cultivation step is not carried out, or the bag is not sprayed with water, the seed setting rate of the inflorescence will also be significantly affected.
[0124] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Remove the male and bisexual flowers that have already opened on the mother tree, and bag the mother tree and the father tree; (2) Before hybridization, collect the anthers of the male flowers of the male parent tree, dry them under light to obtain pollen, and mix the pollen with a pollination aid for cultivation; (3) pollinating a mother tree with the pollen cultivated in step (2), bagging the pollen, and spraying the bag with water; (4) spraying pollination aids on the pollinated inflorescence and removing the bags; The pollination adjuvant comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.4-0.8 parts of cytokinin, 0.4-0.8 parts of auxin, 0.2-0.4 parts of azoxystrobin, 13-17 parts of glucose, 1-3 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-0.9 parts of vitamin E, 1-3 parts of xanthan gum, 0.2-0.8 parts of benzalkonium chloride, 4-8 parts of Tween-80 and 200-300 parts of water.
2. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the pollination aid is: 1) mixing cytokinin, auxin, azoxystrobin, glucose, vitamin B, vitamin E, benzalkonium chloride and water to obtain material 1; 2) mixing the material 1 with Tween-80 to obtain material 2; 3) Mixing the material 2 with xanthan gum to obtain a pollination aid.
3. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the pollen to the pollination aid in step (2) is 2-4:400-600.
4. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specification of the bag used for bagging is 30-40cm×40-50cm; the material of the bag is a white parchment bag.
5. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light drying temperature in step (2) is 25 to 29° C. and the light drying time is 10 to 20 hours.
6. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light intensity of the light drying in step (2) is 140-180W.
7. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incubation time in step (2) is 4 to 8 hours, and the incubation temperature is 26 to 29°C.
8. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (3) spray the bag with water immediately after bagging, and then spray the bag with water every 3 to 4 hours, for a total of 3 to 5 times.
9. A method for improving mango hybrid pollination efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (4) spraying a pollination aid 18 to 24 hours after pollination.
10. The method for improving the efficiency of mango hybridization pollination according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (4) remove the bag 2 to 3 days after pollination.