A high-precision laser cutting head

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-precision laser cutting head, relating to the field of laser cutting technology. It includes a body and a multi-head laser assembly. The multi-head laser assembly is mirror-mounted on both sides of the body. Each multi-head laser assembly includes a large gear disk, which is fixedly mounted to the bottom of the body. Guide rails are mirror-mounted on both sides of the large gear disk, and V-shaped pins are installed inside the guide rail through-holes. During use, this invention links the longitudinal lifting of the ball head with the lateral movement of the two auxiliary chambers. This allows the spacing between the auxiliary nozzles corresponding to the two auxiliary chambers to lengthen synchronously when the kerf width is adjusted by raising the height of the focusing lens. This increases the spacing of the pre-cutting grooves formed by the two auxiliary nozzles on both sides of the kerf, meeting the requirement of adaptive adjustment of the spacing between the auxiliary nozzles under different kerf widths. This further enhances the cutting accuracy under different kerf widths, and the strong inter-device linkage makes it more convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, specifically a high-precision laser cutting head. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting utilizes the high power density energy generated by focusing a laser beam. Under computer control, the laser is pulsed to discharge, thereby outputting controlled, repetitive, high-frequency pulsed laser light, forming a beam with a specific frequency and pulse width. This pulsed laser beam is transmitted and reflected through an optical path and focused onto the surface of the workpiece by a focusing lens group, forming tiny, high-energy-density spots. The focal spot is located near the surface to be processed, instantly melting or vaporizing the material at high temperature.

[0003] Because the light emitted by a laser cutting head is generally a Gaussian beam, the energy distribution of the laser beam is relatively uneven. The energy is too high in the center of the beam and decreases towards the periphery. As a result, it takes longer for the material to reach the vaporization temperature at the periphery of the beam than in the center. This leads to a kerf opening that is larger at one end and smaller at the other. This is more pronounced when cutting thicker materials. At the same time, the cutting time increases when cutting thicker materials, causing the heat generated during cutting to be conducted to the periphery of the kerf, which in turn leads to an increase in the size of the kerf. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision laser cutting head to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision laser cutting head, comprising a body and a multi-head laser assembly, wherein the multi-head laser assembly is mirror-mounted on both sides of the body, the multi-head laser assembly comprising a large gear disk, the large gear disk being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the body, and guide rails being mirror-mounted on both sides of the large gear disk surface, a V-shaped pin being provided inside the guide rail through hole, and a connecting arm being rotatably connected to one end of the V-shaped pin, the connecting arm being integrally fixed to the side of the auxiliary chamber, and a refractor being inclinedly provided at the top of the auxiliary chamber, and an auxiliary nozzle being embedded at the bottom of the auxiliary chamber, with the auxiliary nozzles between the two auxiliary chambers forming an angle.

[0006] Furthermore, the machine body has a main chamber inside, and lenses on both sides of the main chamber are connected to the corresponding auxiliary chambers.

[0007] Furthermore, an optical fiber connector is connected to the top of the body, and the optical fiber connector is rotatably engaged with the mounting plate via a bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, a motor is bolted to the mounting plate, and a small gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and the small gear meshes with the outer edge teeth of the large gear plate for transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, a beam splitter body is provided at the top of the main room. The beam splitter body includes an upper prism, a bracket, and an incident surface. The upper prism is fixed to the inner wall of the main room by the bracket, and the top plane of the upper prism is provided with an incident surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the beam splitter body also includes a lower prism and a coating layer. The lower prism is provided at the bottom of the upper prism, and a coating layer is provided between the lower prism and the upper prism. The coating layer splits the incident beam through the thin film interference effect and reflects part of the light to both sides while the remaining light is transmitted.

[0011] Furthermore, the beam splitter body also includes a transmission surface and a refraction surface. The bottom plane of the lower prism is provided with a transmission surface, and the two sides of the lower prism are provided with refraction surfaces. The refraction surfaces refract the reflected light through the refraction mirrors to the secondary nozzles on both sides.

[0012] Furthermore, a linkage assembly is provided at the bottom of the main chamber. The linkage assembly includes an electric cylinder, a lifting plate, a ball head seat, and a focusing lens. The output end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and the bottom end of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the ball head seat. A focusing lens is mounted on the top of the ball head seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the linkage assembly also includes a ball stick and a laser beam channel. The ball stick is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the ball head seat, and the ball stick is provided with a laser beam channel along the axial direction. The laser beam channel extends upward and communicates with the transmission surface through a focusing lens.

[0014] Furthermore, the linkage assembly also includes a connecting pin and a main nozzle. The bottom of the ball rod is fixed with a connecting pin, which is rotatably connected to the other end of the V-shaped pin. The bottom of the connecting pin is fixed with a main nozzle that communicates with the laser beam channel.

[0015] This invention provides a high-precision laser cutting head, which has the following beneficial effects;

[0016] 1. In the process of using this invention, the longitudinal lifting and lowering of the ball head seat and the lateral movement of the two auxiliary chambers are linked, so that when the kerf width is adjusted by raising the height of the focusing lens, the distance between the auxiliary nozzles corresponding to the two auxiliary chambers is simultaneously lengthened. This increases the distance between the pre-cutting grooves formed by the two auxiliary nozzles on both sides of the kerf, which meets the usage requirements of the multi-head laser assembly of this application to adaptively adjust the distance between the two auxiliary nozzles under different kerf widths. This further improves the guarantee of cutting accuracy under different kerf widths, and the strong linkage between the devices makes them more convenient to use.

[0017] 2. In the process of using this invention, the laser beam is introduced into the main chamber inside the machine body through the fiber optic connector. After passing through the incident surface at the top of the upper prism, the incident beam is split by the thin film interference effect of the coating layer, and part of the light is reflected to the refractive surfaces on both sides of the lower prism. The reflected light is then refracted by the lenses on both sides of the main chamber through the refraction mirror to the auxiliary nozzles on both sides, while the remaining light is transmitted to the transmission surface at the bottom of the lower prism and guided to the main nozzle through the focusing lens. In this application, the auxiliary nozzles are mirrored at both ends of the main nozzle and are at an angle. The laser power emitted by the auxiliary nozzles on both sides is lower than that of the main nozzle, so that the laser emitted by the auxiliary nozzles is insufficient to penetrate the plate. Before the main nozzle cuts the plate, the auxiliary nozzles will open two grooves on the cutting trajectory, thereby reducing the generation of kerf through secondary cutting and improving cutting accuracy. This application, through the unique cubic beam splitter body design, uses a multi-layer dielectric film to split the incident light to form the effect of refraction on both sides and transmission in the middle, which can realize beam splitting inside a single cutting head and realize multi-head cutting to improve cutting accuracy.

[0018] 3. During the use of this invention, the fiber optic connector on the top of the machine body rotates with the mounting plate through a bearing, activating the motor and meshing it with the large gear at the bottom of the machine body through a small gear. This changes the rotation angle of the auxiliary nozzles on both sides of the machine body, thereby pre-cutting the plate material through the two auxiliary nozzles to form two grooves parallel to the predetermined cutting trajectory of the main nozzle. Due to the characteristics of laser cutting, the grooves will have a V-shaped structure. The main nozzle will then perform a secondary cut on the plate material, with the secondary cut occurring between the two grooves. The grooves created by the pre-cutting will contain air. Because air has low thermal conductivity, the heat generated by the secondary cut will be slowed down by the air in the grooves, thus reducing the vaporization of the plate material around the cutting position. This reduces the kerf generated by the cut and improves the smoothness of the kerf opening, thereby increasing the cutting accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom view of the device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-head laser refraction optical path of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the beam splitter body structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage component structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-head laser assembly structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 2. Main chamber; 3. Lens; 4. Multi-head laser assembly; 401. Large gear; 402. Guide rail; 403. V-pin; 404. Connecting arm; 405. Secondary chamber; 406. Refracting mirror; 407. Secondary nozzle; 5. Fiber optic connector; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Motor; 8. Pinion; 9. Beam splitter body; 901. Upper prism; 902. Bracket; 903. Incident surface; 904. Lower prism; 905. Coating layer; 906. Transmitting surface; 907. Refraction surface; 10. Linkage assembly; 1001. Electric cylinder; 1002. Lifting plate; 1003. Ball head seat; 1004. Focusing lens; 1005. Ball rod; 1006. Laser beam channel; 1007. Connecting pin; 1008. Main nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a technical solution: a high-precision laser cutting head, including a body 1 and a multi-head laser assembly 4. The multi-head laser assembly 4 is mirror-arranged on both sides of the body 1. The body 1 has a main chamber 2 inside, and lenses 3 that communicate with corresponding sub-chambers 405 are provided on both sides of the main chamber 2. The multi-head laser assembly 4 includes a large gear disk 401, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the body 1. Guide rails 402 are mirror-arranged on both sides of the surface of the large gear disk 401. A V-shaped pin 403 is provided inside the through hole of the guide rail 402, and a connecting arm 404 is rotatably connected to one end of the V-shaped pin 403. The connecting arm 404 is integrally fixed to the side of the sub-chamber 405. A refractor 406 is inclinedly arranged at the top of the sub-chamber 405, and a sub-nozzle 407 is embedded at the bottom of the sub-chamber 405. The sub-nozzle 407 between the two sub-chambers 405 is at an angle.

[0029] The specific operation is as follows: the fiber optic connector 5 on the top of the machine body 1 rotates and engages with the mounting plate 6 through the bearing. The motor 7 is activated and meshes with the large gear 401 at the bottom of the machine body 1 through the pinion 8, changing the rotation angle of the auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides of the machine body 1. Then, the two auxiliary nozzles 407 pre-cut the plate to form two grooves parallel to the predetermined cutting trajectory of the main nozzle 1008. The grooves will have a V-shaped structure due to the characteristics of laser cutting. The main nozzle 1008 will then perform secondary cutting on the plate. The secondary cutting position is along the space between the two grooves. The grooves generated by the pre-cutting will contain air. Due to the low thermal conductivity of air, the heat generated by the secondary cutting will be slowed down to diffuse towards the cutting position due to the air in the grooves. This reduces the vaporization of the plate around the cutting position, reduces the kerf generated by the cutting, and improves the smoothness of the kerf opening, thus improving the cutting accuracy.

[0030] Please see Figures 4 to 5 The top of the main body 1 is connected to an optical fiber connector 5, which is rotatably engaged with the mounting plate 6 via a bearing. A motor 7 is bolted to the mounting plate 6, and a pinion 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 7. The pinion 8 meshes with the outer edge teeth of the large gear 401 for transmission. A beam splitter body 9 is located at the top of the main chamber 2. The beam splitter body 9 includes an upper prism 901, a bracket 902, and an incident surface 903. The upper prism 901 is fixed to the inner wall of the main chamber 2 via the bracket 902, and the top plane of the upper prism 901 has the incident surface 903. The beam splitter body 9 also includes... The beam splitter body 9 also includes a lower prism 904 and a coating layer 905. The lower prism 904 is located at the bottom of the upper prism 901, and a coating layer 905 is located between the lower prism 904 and the upper prism 901. The coating layer 905 splits the incident beam through the thin film interference effect and reflects part of the light to both sides while transmitting the remaining light. The beam splitter body 9 also includes a transmission surface 906 and a refraction surface 907. The lower prism 904 has a transmission surface 906 on its bottom plane, and a refraction surface 907 is located on both sides of the lower prism 904. The refraction surface 907 refracts the reflected light through the refraction mirror 406 to the secondary nozzles 407 on both sides.

[0031] The specific operation is as follows: the laser beam is introduced into the main chamber 2 inside the body 1 through the fiber optic connector 5. After passing through the incident surface 903 at the top of the upper prism 901, the incident beam is split by the thin-film interference effect of the coating layer 905, and part of the light is reflected to the refractive surfaces 907 on both sides of the lower prism 904. The reflected light is then refracted by the lenses 3 on both sides of the main chamber 2 through the refractive mirrors 406 to the auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides. The remaining light is transmitted to the transmission surface 906 at the bottom of the lower prism 904 and conducted to the main nozzle 1008 through the focusing lens 1004. In this application, the auxiliary nozzles 407 are mirror images of the main nozzle 1008. The ends are angled together, and the laser power emitted by the two auxiliary nozzles 407 is lower than that of the main nozzle 1008, so the laser emitted by the auxiliary nozzles 407 is insufficient to penetrate the plate. Before the main nozzle 1008 cuts the plate, the auxiliary nozzles 407 will open two grooves on the cutting trajectory, thereby reducing the generation of kerf through secondary cutting and improving cutting accuracy. This application uses a unique cubic beam splitter body 9 design to form the effect of refraction on both sides and transmission in the middle by splitting the incident light through a multi-layer dielectric film, which can realize beam splitting inside a single cutting head and realize multi-head cutting to improve cutting accuracy.

[0032] Please see Figures 3 to 6 The main chamber 2 has a linkage assembly 10 at its bottom. The linkage assembly 10 includes an electric cylinder 1001, a lifting plate 1002, a ball head seat 1003, and a focusing lens 1004. The output end of the electric cylinder 1001 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 1002, and the bottom end of the lifting plate 1002 is fixedly connected to the ball head seat 1003. The focusing lens 1004 is mounted on the top of the ball head seat 1003. The linkage assembly 10 also includes a ball rod 1005 and a laser beam channel 1006. A ball is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the ball head seat 1003. The cue stick 1005 is provided with a laser beam channel 1006 along the axial direction. The laser beam channel 1006 extends upward and communicates with the transmission surface 906 through the focusing lens 1004. The linkage assembly 10 also includes a connecting pin 1007 and a main nozzle 1008. The bottom of the cue stick 1005 is fixed with the connecting pin 1007, and the connecting pin 1007 is rotatably connected to the other end of the V-shaped pin 403. The bottom of the connecting pin 1007 is fixed with the main nozzle 1008, which communicates with the laser beam channel 1006.

[0033] The specific operation is as follows: the electric cylinder 1001 is activated and the ball head seat 1003 is raised through the lifting plate 1002. Then, by adjusting the height position of the focusing lens 1004 of the main nozzle 1008 away from the material surface, the diameter of the laser spot is increased to increase the kerf width. At this time, the connecting pin 1007 fixed to the bottom of the ball head rod is transmitted to the connecting arms 404 on both sides through the V-shaped pin 403, thereby causing the auxiliary chambers 405 on both sides to move away from the machine body 1. This application links the longitudinal lifting of the ball head seat 1003 with the lateral movement of the auxiliary chambers 405 on both sides, so that when the kerf width is adjusted by raising the height position of the focusing lens 1004, the distance between the auxiliary nozzles 407 corresponding to the auxiliary chambers 405 on both sides is simultaneously lengthened. This increases the distance between the pre-cutting grooves formed by the two auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides of the kerf, which meets the usage requirements of the multi-head laser assembly 4 of this application to adaptively adjust the distance between the auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides under different kerf widths. This further improves the guarantee of cutting accuracy under different kerf widths, and the strong linkage between the devices makes it more convenient to use.

[0034] In summary, when using this high-precision laser cutting head:

[0035] First, the laser beam enters the main chamber 2 inside the body 1 through the fiber optic connector 5. After passing through the incident surface 903 at the top of the upper prism 901, the incident beam is split by the thin-film interference effect of the coating layer 905, and part of the light is reflected to the refractive surfaces 907 on both sides of the lower prism 904. The reflected light is then refracted by the lenses 3 on both sides of the main chamber 2 through the refractive mirrors 406 to the auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides. The remaining light is transmitted to the transmission surface 906 at the bottom of the lower prism 904 and is then conducted to the main nozzle 1008 through the focusing lens 1004. In this application, the auxiliary nozzles 407 are mirror-mounted at both ends of the main nozzle 1008. The lasers emitted by the secondary nozzles 407 on both sides are angled and the laser power emitted by the secondary nozzles 407 is lower than that of the main nozzle 1008. This means that the laser emitted by the secondary nozzles 407 is insufficient to penetrate the plate. Before the main nozzle 1008 cuts the plate, the secondary nozzles 407 will open two grooves on the cutting trajectory. This will reduce the generation of kerf through secondary cutting and improve the cutting accuracy. This application uses a unique cubic beam splitter body 9 design to split the incident light through a multi-layer dielectric film to form the effect of refraction on both sides and transmission in the middle. This can achieve beam splitting inside a single cutting head and realize multi-head cutting to improve cutting accuracy.

[0036] Secondly, the fiber optic connector 5 at the top of the machine body 1 rotates with the mounting plate 6 through the bearing, activating the motor 7 and meshing it with the large gear 401 at the bottom of the machine body 1 through the pinion 8, changing the rotation angle of the auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides of the machine body 1, and then pre-cutting the plate through the two auxiliary nozzles 407 to form two grooves parallel to the predetermined cutting trajectory of the main nozzle 1008. The grooves will have a V-shaped structure due to the characteristics of laser cutting, while the main nozzle 1008 will perform secondary cutting on the plate. The secondary cutting position is along the two grooves. The grooves generated by the pre-cutting will contain air. Due to the low thermal conductivity of air, the heat generated by the secondary cutting will be slowed down to diffuse towards the cutting position due to the air in the grooves, thereby reducing the vaporization of the plate around the cutting position, reducing the kerf generated by the cutting, improving the smoothness of the kerf opening, and improving the cutting accuracy.

[0037] Finally, the electric cylinder 1001 is activated, and the ball head seat 1003 is raised via the lifting plate 1002. This increases the kerf width by adjusting the height of the focusing lens 1004 of the main nozzle 1008 away from the material surface and expanding the laser spot diameter. At this time, the connecting pin 1007 fixed to the bottom of the ball head rod is transmitted to the connecting arms 404 on both sides via the V-pin 403, thereby causing the auxiliary chambers 405 on both sides to move away from the machine body 1. This application links the longitudinal lifting of the ball head seat 1003 with the lateral movement of the auxiliary chambers 405 on both sides, so that when the kerf width is adjusted by raising the height of the focusing lens 1004, the distance between the auxiliary nozzles 407 corresponding to the auxiliary chambers 405 on both sides is simultaneously lengthened. This increases the distance between the pre-cutting grooves formed by the two auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides of the kerf, meeting the usage requirements of the multi-head laser assembly 4 of this application to adaptively adjust the distance between the auxiliary nozzles 407 on both sides under different kerf widths. This further improves the guarantee of cutting accuracy under different kerf widths, and the strong linkage between the devices makes them more convenient to use.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision laser cutting head, comprising a body (1) and a multi-head laser assembly (4), characterized in that, The machine body (1) has a multi-head laser assembly (4) mirror-mounted on both sides. The multi-head laser assembly (4) includes a large gear disk (401), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the machine body (1). Guide rails (402) are mirror-mounted on both sides of the large gear disk (401). A V-shaped pin (403) is provided inside the through hole of the guide rail (402). A connecting arm (404) is rotatably connected to one end of the V-shaped pin (403). The connecting arm (404) is integrally fixed to the side of the auxiliary chamber (405). A refractor (406) is inclinedly provided at the top of the auxiliary chamber (405). A secondary nozzle (407) is embedded at the bottom of the auxiliary chamber (405). The secondary nozzles (407) between the two auxiliary chambers (405) are at an angle. The machine body ( 1) The interior is provided with a main chamber (2), and lenses (3) on both sides of the main chamber (2) are connected to the corresponding sub-chambers (405). A beam splitter body (9) is provided at the top of the main chamber (2). The beam splitter body (9) includes an upper prism (901), a bracket (902) and an incident surface (903). The upper prism (901) is fixed to the inner wall of the main chamber (2) by the bracket (902), and the top plane of the upper prism (901) is provided with an incident surface (903). The beam splitter body (9) also includes a lower prism (904) and a coating layer (905). The lower prism (904) is provided at the bottom of the upper prism (901), and a coating layer (905) is provided between the lower prism (904) and the upper prism (901). (905) The incident beam is split by thin-film interference effect and some of the light is reflected to both sides while the remaining light is transmitted. The beam splitter body (9) also includes a transmission surface (906) and a refraction surface (907). The bottom plane of the lower prism (904) is provided with a transmission surface (906), and the lower prism (904) is provided with refraction surfaces (907) on both sides. The refraction surfaces (907) refract the reflected light through the refracting mirror (406) to the auxiliary nozzles (407) on both sides. The bottom of the main chamber (2) is provided with a linkage assembly (10). The linkage assembly (10) includes an electric cylinder (1001), a lifting plate (1002), a ball head seat (1003), and a focusing lens (1004). The output end of the electric cylinder (1001) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate ( 1002), and a ball head seat (1003) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting plate (1002), and a focusing lens (1004) is mounted on the top of the ball head seat (1003). The linkage assembly (10) also includes a ball rod (1005) and a laser beam channel (1006). The ball rod (1005) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the ball head seat (1003), and the ball rod (1005) is provided with a laser beam channel (1006) along the axial direction. The laser beam channel (1006) extends upward and communicates with the transmission surface (906) through the focusing lens (1004). The linkage assembly (10) also includes a connecting pin (1007) and a main nozzle (1008). The connecting pin (1007) is fixed at the bottom of the ball rod (1005).The connecting pin (1007) is rotatably connected to the other end of the V-pin (403), and a main nozzle (1008) communicating with the laser beam channel (1006) is fixed at the bottom of the connecting pin (1007).

2. The high-precision laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the body (1) is connected to an optical fiber connector (5), and the optical fiber connector (5) is rotatably engaged with the mounting plate (6) through a bearing.

3. A high-precision laser cutting head according to claim 2, characterized in that, A motor (7) is bolted on the mounting plate (6), and a pinion (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (7), and the pinion (8) meshes with the outer edge gear teeth of the large gear plate (401) for transmission.

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