Press screw spline milling device and milling method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a press screw spline milling device and a milling method thereof. The press screw spline milling device comprises a machine body, the headstock and the movable fixed tailstock are arranged on the machine body, and a mounting space for fixing a screw rod is formed between the headstock and the movable fixed tailstock; positioning holes matched with spline tooth shapes of the screw rods are distributed in the circumferential direction of the positioning disc, the screw rods are fixed through chuck fastening screw rod moving claws, and the positioning disc is installed on the headstock; the positioning block is used for locking the rotating position of the positioning disc; the slide carriage box is driven by a polished rod to realize linear reciprocating motion; and the tooth-shaped milling cutter box body is fixed on the slide carriage box. The device has the advantages that the polished rod transmission mechanism is combined with the speed regulating motor to provide stable power for the slide carriage box, the accurate path of the tooth-shaped milling cutter is ensured through the linear reciprocating motion of the polished rod transmission mechanism, the axial feeding amount is finely adjusted in cooperation with the positioning disc feeding box, accurate depth control is achieved, and the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a press screw spline milling device and a milling method thereof, belonging to the field of milling. Background Art

[0002] The screw is a key transmission component of the press, and the processing accuracy of its spline directly affects the performance and service life of the press. In the field of mechanical manufacturing, traditional screw spline processing mostly uses processes such as gear shaping and gear hobbing. However, these traditional methods expose many problems when facing the processing of press screw spline.

[0003] On the one hand, the efficiency of traditional processing methods is difficult to meet the large-scale production needs of modern industry. Taking gear shaping as an example, its processing process is relatively cumbersome, and the cutting, cutting and feeding actions of the tool are repeated frequently, which takes up a lot of processing time. For large-scale screw production tasks, this inefficient processing method will lead to longer production cycles, increased manufacturing costs, and difficulty in adapting to the fast-paced industrial production rhythm.

[0004] On the other hand, there are also challenges in controlling machining accuracy. The precision requirements for screw splines are extremely high, including tooth profile accuracy, dimensional accuracy, and surface roughness. In traditional machining, factors such as tool wear, thermal deformation of machine tools, and positioning errors of fixtures will affect machining accuracy. Especially for some high-precision press screws, after traditional processing, additional finishing processes are often required to meet design requirements, which undoubtedly increases process complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0005] In addition, traditional processing equipment is not flexible enough when adapting to the processing of screw splines of different specifications. The number of teeth, module and tooth angle of the splines of different types of press screws are different. Traditional equipment often needs to replace a large number of special tools and fixtures, and even adjust the transmission system of the machine tool to meet the processing requirements of different specifications, which limits the versatility and processing range of the equipment to a certain extent.

[0006] In actual industrial application scenarios, the processing of press screw splines still faces some special challenges. For example, some large press screws are huge in size and heavy in weight, and their clamping and positioning require special fixtures and support structures. When traditional processing equipment processes such large workpieces, it is often difficult to carry out processing smoothly or the processing quality does not meet the standards due to reasons such as limited load-bearing capacity of the machine tool worktable and insufficient rigidity of the tool. At the same time, in the maintenance and repair process of some high-precision presses, higher requirements are also placed on the repair processing of screw splines. Traditional repair methods make it difficult to achieve efficient processing while ensuring the quality of the repair.

[0007] In summary, the existing screw spline processing technology is difficult to meet the specific requirements of press screw processing in terms of efficiency, accuracy, flexibility and adaptability. An innovative processing device and method are urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a press screw spline milling device, and the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] A press screw spline milling device, comprising:

[0010] Body (1);

[0011] A headstock (2) and a movable fixed tailstock (11) are arranged on the machine body, and an installation space for fixing a screw (15) is formed between the headstock (2) and the movable fixed tailstock (11);

[0012] A positioning plate (4), wherein positioning holes matching the spline tooth shape of the screw rod are distributed in the circumference of the positioning plate (4), and the screw rod is fixed by a chuck fastening screw rod moving claw (5), and the positioning plate (4) is installed on the headboard box (2);

[0013] A positioning block (12), used for locking the rotational position of the positioning disk;

[0014] The slide box (13) is driven by the light bar (14) to realize linear reciprocating motion;

[0015] A toothed milling cutter housing (9) is fixed on the slide box and contains a toothed milling cutter (10) driven by a motor (6), a speed reducer (7) and a synchronous toothed belt wheel (8);

[0016] A light bar transmission mechanism (17), used for connecting to the speed regulating motor and driving the light bar to rotate;

[0017] The positioning disk feed box (16) is installed at the lower part of the headstock (2) and driven by the light bar (14) to adjust the axial feed of the positioning disk; wherein the light bar transmission mechanism drives the slide box (13) to move so that the toothed milling cutter performs spline milling on the screw. The movable fixed tailstock (11) is coaxially arranged with the top of the headstock (2), and a sliding guide rail is provided at the bottom of the movable fixed tailstock (11). The movable fixed tailstock (11) slides with the sliding guide rail to achieve axial position adjustment.

[0018] The positioning holes of the positioning plate (4) are distributed in an evenly divided circumference, the number of the positioning holes is consistent with the number of spline teeth of the screw, and the hole diameter matches the tooth top circle diameter of the toothed milling cutter (10).

[0019] The synchronous toothed pulley (8) comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the reducer (7), and the driven wheel is coaxially fixed with the toothed milling cutter (10); the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel.

[0020] The chuck fastening screw moving claw (5) adopts a bidirectional thread structure and realizes synchronous clamping or loosening through rotation.

[0021] The toothed milling cutter box (9) is connected to the slide box (13) via a quick-change interface, supporting the quick replacement of toothed milling cutters of different specifications.

[0022] A milling method based on the screw spline milling device comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) The screw rod (15) is axially positioned through the headstock (2) and the top of the movable fixed tailstock (11), and the screw rod moving claw (5) is fixed by a chuck;

[0024] (2) adjusting the circumferential position of the positioning plate (4) so ​​that the positioning hole is aligned with the spline tooth profile of the screw, and locking the positioning plate by means of the positioning block (12);

[0025] (3) starting the speed regulating motor to drive the light bar transmission mechanism (17), driving the light bar (14) to rotate, so that the slide box (13) performs linear reciprocating motion along the light bar;

[0026] (4) driving a synchronous toothed pulley (8) through a motor (6) and a reducer (7) to drive a toothed milling cutter (10) to rotate;

[0027] (5) using the positioning disk feed box (16) to adjust the axial feed amount of the positioning disk and control the spline milling depth of the screw (15) by the toothed milling cutter (10);

[0028] (6) Repeat steps (3) to (5) until the full tooth processing of the screw spline is completed.

[0029] In the step (1), an eccentricity correction algorithm based on machine vision is used to calculate the eccentricity Δ of the screw end face by the following formula: In the formula, (xc, yc) is the coordinate of the center of the screw end face, (x0, y0) is the theoretical center coordinate, and high-precision alignment is achieved by driving the sliding guide rail of the tailstock (11) to make Δ≤0.02mm;

[0030] In the step (2), the positioning hole alignment process adopts a fuzzy PID control algorithm, and its control output u(t) is determined by the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Wherein, e(t) is the angular deviation of the positioning plate, Kp, Ki, and Kd are dynamically adjusted gain parameters, and the deviation value is fed back in real time by the grating ruler to control the locking force of the positioning block (12).

[0033] In the step (3), the feed speed v of the optical bar (14) is dynamically adjusted based on the cutting force prediction model, and the model expression is:

[0034]

[0035] Where Fmax is the maximum allowable cutting force of the tool, α is the material correction coefficient, ωi and ai are the frequency and amplitude components of the historical processing data, K is the tool stiffness coefficient, and D is the milling depth.

[0036] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0037] 1. Efficient transmission and precise control

[0038] The smooth bar transmission mechanism combined with the speed regulating motor provides stable power for the slide box. Its linear reciprocating motion ensures the precise path of the toothed milling cutter. It cooperates with the positioning plate feed box to fine-tune the axial feed amount, achieve precise depth control, and ensure processing accuracy.

[0039] The synchronous toothed pulley includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and the driven wheel is coaxially fixed with the toothed milling cutter. This structural design efficiently transmits the power of the motor to the toothed milling cutter, ensuring the stable rotation of the milling cutter. The meshing of the driving wheel and the driven wheel further improves the accuracy and reliability of power transmission, allowing the milling cutter to work at a predetermined speed and torque, thereby improving the processing quality and efficiency of the spline.

[0040] 2. Flexible clamping and positioning

[0041] The movable fixed tailstock is coaxially arranged with the top of the headstock, and the axial position adjustment is realized by the sliding guide rail. Combined with the bidirectional thread structure of the chuck fastening screw moving claw, the screw can be clamped or loosened synchronously, with high clamping efficiency, and can adapt to screws of different lengths and a wide clamping range. The positioning holes of the positioning plate are distributed in equal parts of the circumference, the number is consistent with the number of screw spline teeth, and the hole diameter matches the diameter of the tooth top circle of the tooth profile milling cutter. This design enables the positioning plate to be accurately aligned with the screw spline tooth profile, providing accurate circumferential positioning for the screw and ensuring the processing accuracy of the spline. At the same time, the positioning block is used to lock the rotational position of the positioning plate to ensure the stability of the positioning plate during processing, further improving the accuracy of processing.

[0042] 3. Convenience and versatility

[0043] The toothed milling cutter box is connected to the slide box through a quick-change interface, which supports the rapid replacement of toothed milling cutters of different specifications and can adapt to the processing requirements of various spline specifications. It has strong versatility and does not require large-scale adjustments to the machine tool, thus improving production efficiency and reducing processing costs.

[0044] In summary, the press screw spline milling device and method have the advantages of efficient transmission, precise control, flexible clamping and positioning, convenience and generality in structural design. In the milling method, high-precision machining, intelligent and automated control and efficient machining process are realized. It can effectively meet the machining requirements of the press screw spline, improve production efficiency and machining quality, reduce production costs, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as the description proceeds. However, these embodiments are exemplary only and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the details and forms of the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] See also Figure 1 The present invention relates to a screw spline milling device for a press machine, comprising: a machine body 1; a headstock 2 and a movable fixed tailstock 11 arranged on the machine body 1, wherein an installation space for fixing a screw 15 is formed between the headstock 2 and the movable fixed tailstock 11; a positioning plate 4, wherein positioning holes matching the screw spline tooth shape are distributed in the circumferential direction of the positioning plate 4, and the screw is fixed by tightening the screw moving claw 5 through a chuck 18, and the positioning plate 4 is installed on the headstock 2; a positioning block 12, which is used to lock the rotation position of the positioning plate; a slide plate Box 13, driven by the optical rod 14 to achieve linear reciprocating motion; the toothed milling cutter box 9, fixed on the slide box, has a built-in toothed milling cutter 10 driven by a motor 6, a reducer 7 and a synchronous toothed belt pulley 8; the optical rod transmission mechanism 17, used to connect the speed regulating motor and drive the optical rod to rotate; the positioning disk feed box 16, installed at the lower part of the head box 2, is moved by the optical rod 14, and is used to adjust the axial feed of the positioning disk; wherein the optical rod transmission mechanism drives the slide box 13 to move, so that the toothed milling cutter performs spline milling on the screw.

[0048] The press screw spline milling device has the following advantages:

[0049] 1. Stable support and positioning: The machine body, as the basic support structure, provides a stable framework for the entire device, ensuring stability and precision during processing. The installation space between the headstock and the movable fixed tailstock can firmly fix the screw and provide stable support for screw processing.

[0050] 2. Accurate positioning and clamping: The positioning plate is equipped with positioning holes that match the spline tooth shape of the screw. The screw is fixed by the chuck and the moving claws of the screw are used to fix the screw. This design can achieve rapid positioning and clamping of the screw and improve the processing efficiency. The positioning block is used to lock the rotation position of the positioning plate, which ensures the stability of the positioning plate during processing and further improves the processing accuracy.

[0051] 3. Efficient transmission system: The light bar transmission mechanism is connected to the speed regulating motor and drives the light bar to rotate, providing stable and reliable power for the linear reciprocating motion of the slide box. This transmission method can not only achieve precise speed control, but also ensure the stability of the slide box movement, thereby improving the processing quality.

[0052] 4. Flexible feed adjustment: The positioning plate feed box is installed at the bottom of the headstock box. It is driven by a light bar to adjust the axial feed of the positioning plate. This design allows the operator to flexibly adjust the feed amount according to different processing requirements and achieve precise processing of the screw spline.

[0053] 5. Convenient tool replacement and maintenance: The toothed milling cutter box is fixed on the slide box, and the toothed milling cutter driven by the motor, reducer and synchronous toothed belt wheel is built in. This structural design makes tool replacement and maintenance more convenient and quick, reduces downtime and improves production efficiency.

[0054] 6. Strong adaptability: The various components of the entire device work together to adapt to the processing requirements of screw splines of different specifications and models. Whether it is a small or large screw, the device can achieve efficient and accurate processing by adjusting the corresponding components and parameters.

[0055] 7. High degree of automation: Through the cooperation of the light bar transmission mechanism, positioning plate feed box and motor and other components, the device can realize the automated processing process, reduce manual intervention, and improve production efficiency and stability of processing quality.

[0056] 8. High processing accuracy: The precise design and reasonable layout of each component enable the device to maintain high accuracy during processing. From the fixing and positioning of the screw to the driving and feeding of the milling cutter, every link has been carefully designed to ensure that the processing accuracy of the spline meets the requirements.

[0057] The press screw spline milling device has the advantages of stability and reliability, precise positioning, efficient transmission, flexible adjustment, convenient maintenance, strong adaptability, high degree of automation and high processing accuracy, and can meet the efficient and precise processing requirements of the press screw spline.

[0058] The movable fixed tailstock 11 is coaxially arranged with the top of the headstock 2, and a sliding guide rail is provided at the bottom of the movable fixed tailstock 11. The movable fixed tailstock 11 is slidably matched with the sliding guide rail to achieve axial position adjustment.

[0059] In the screw spline milling device of the press machine, the movable fixed tailstock is coaxially arranged with the top of the headstock, and a sliding guide rail is provided at the bottom of the movable fixed tailstock. The movable fixed tailstock slides with the sliding guide rail to achieve axial position adjustment. This structure has the following advantages:

[0060] 1. High-precision alignment: The movable fixed tailstock is coaxially set with the top of the headstock, ensuring the coaxiality of the screw axis and the machine tool spindle during clamping, thereby improving the clamping accuracy of the screw. This high-precision alignment method can effectively reduce the vibration and swing of the screw during processing and improve the processing accuracy and surface quality of the spline.

[0061] 2. Flexible axial adjustment: The sliding guide rail design at the bottom enables the movable fixed tailstock to be accurately adjusted in the axial direction. This allows the operator to quickly adjust the position of the tailstock according to screws of different lengths and specifications, achieve accurate support and clamping of the screw, expand the processing range of the machine tool, and adapt to the processing needs of screws of various lengths.

[0062] 3. Strong stability: The structure of the sliding guide provides good support and guidance, so that the movable fixed tailstock remains stable during axial movement. This stability ensures that the screw is supported evenly during processing, avoids processing errors caused by unstable tailstock position, and improves the reliability and repeatability of the processing process.

[0063] 4. Convenient operation: The axial position adjustment is achieved through the sliding guide rail, which is simple and convenient to operate. The operator can quickly move the tailstock and find the appropriate position to clamp the screw, which reduces the auxiliary time and improves the production efficiency. At the same time, this structure also facilitates the fine adjustment of the tailstock position during the processing to meet different processing requirements.

[0064] The coaxial setting of the movable fixed tailstock and the top of the headstock and the structural design of the sliding guide rail significantly improve the clamping accuracy, adjustment flexibility, processing stability and adaptability of the press screw spline milling device, providing a strong guarantee for the high-precision processing of the screw spline.

[0065] The positioning holes of the positioning plate 4 are distributed in an evenly divided circle. The number of the positioning holes is consistent with the number of spline teeth of the screw, and the hole diameter matches the diameter of the tooth top circle of the toothed milling cutter 10 .

[0066] The positioning holes of the positioning plate in the screw spline milling device of the press are distributed in an evenly divided circle. The number of the positioning holes is consistent with the number of screw spline teeth, and the hole diameter matches the tooth top circle diameter of the tooth profile milling cutter. This structure has the following advantages:

[0067] 1. High-precision alignment: The positioning holes are distributed in equal parts of the circumference, and the number is consistent with the number of screw spline teeth, which can ensure the precise alignment of the positioning plate and the screw spline tooth shape. This precise alignment method ensures the accurate matching of the milling cutter and the screw spline tooth shape during the processing, and improves the processing accuracy.

[0068] 2. Matching aperture design: The aperture matches the tip circle diameter of the toothed milling cutter, so that during the processing, the tip of the milling cutter can accurately match the positioning hole, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the processing. This design avoids the processing error caused by the mismatch between the aperture and the milling cutter, and improves the processing quality.

[0069] 3. Quick positioning and clamping: The positioning hole on the positioning plate matches the spline tooth shape of the screw, which can quickly realize the positioning and clamping of the screw. Combined with the use of the chuck to tighten the screw moving claw, the clamping efficiency is further improved, the auxiliary time is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

[0070] The positioning holes of the positioning plate are distributed in an equally divided circle, the number of which is consistent with the number of screw spline teeth, and the structural design in which the hole diameter matches the tooth top circle diameter of the toothed milling cutter significantly improves the machining accuracy, clamping efficiency, adaptability and stability of the press screw spline milling device, providing a strong guarantee for the high-precision machining of the screw spline.

[0071] The synchronous toothed belt wheel 8 includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the reducer 7, and the driven wheel is coaxially fixed with the toothed milling cutter 10; the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel.

[0072] The chuck fastening screw moving claw 5 adopts a bidirectional thread structure and realizes synchronous clamping or loosening through rotation.

[0073] The toothed milling cutter box 9 is connected to the slide box 13 via a quick-change interface, supporting the quick replacement of toothed milling cutters of different specifications.

[0074] The present invention also relates to a milling method based on the screw spline milling device, comprising the following steps:

[0075] (1) The screw 15 is axially positioned through the headstock 2 and the top of the movable fixed tailstock 11, and the screw moving claw 5 is fixed by a chuck;

[0076] (2) Adjust the circumferential position of the positioning disk 4 so that the positioning hole is aligned with the spline tooth profile of the screw, and lock the positioning disk by the positioning block 12;

[0077] (3) starting the speed regulating motor to drive the light bar transmission mechanism 17, driving the light bar 14 to rotate, so that the slide box (13) performs a linear reciprocating motion along the light bar;

[0078] (4) The synchronous toothed pulley 8 is driven by the motor 6 and the reducer 7 to drive the toothed milling cutter 10 to rotate;

[0079] (5) Using the positioning disk feed box 16 to adjust the axial feed amount of the positioning disk, control the spline milling depth of the toothed milling cutter 10 on the screw 15;

[0080] (6) Repeat steps (3) to (5) until the full tooth processing of the screw spline is completed.

[0081] In the step (1), an eccentricity correction algorithm based on machine vision is used to calculate the eccentricity Δ of the screw end face by the following formula: In the formula, (xc, yc) is the coordinate of the center of the screw end face, (x0, y0) is the theoretical center coordinate, and high-precision alignment is achieved by driving the sliding guide rail of the tailstock 11 to make Δ≤0.02mm;

[0082] In the step (2), the positioning hole alignment process adopts a fuzzy PID control algorithm, and its control output u(t) is determined by the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] Where, e(t) is the angle deviation of the positioning plate, K p ,K i, K d The gain parameter is adjusted dynamically, and the deviation value is fed back in real time by the grating ruler to control the locking force of the positioning block 12.

[0085] In the step (3), the feed speed v of the optical bar 14 is dynamically adjusted based on the cutting force prediction model, and the model expression is:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, F max is the maximum allowable cutting force of the tool, α is the material correction coefficient, ω i and a i are the frequency and amplitude components of the historical processing data, K is the tool stiffness coefficient, and D is the milling depth. The various steps of the screw spline milling method have the following advantages:

[0088] Step (1): Screw clamping and high-precision alignment

[0089] High-precision clamping: The screw is axially positioned through the headstock and the top of the movable fixed tailstock, and the screw is fixed by the chuck to ensure stable clamping of the screw, providing a good foundation for subsequent processing.

[0090] Machine vision eccentricity correction: The eccentricity correction algorithm based on machine vision is used to accurately calculate the eccentricity Δ of the screw end face, and the sliding guide rail of the tailstock is driven to adjust it so that Δ≤0.02mm, achieving high-precision centering of the screw and effectively reducing the influence of clamping errors on the spline processing accuracy.

[0091] Step (2): Adjusting and locking the positioning plate

[0092] Precise alignment: Adjust the circumferential position of the positioning plate to align the positioning hole with the screw spline tooth profile, ensuring the accurate matching of the milling cutter and the screw spline tooth profile during processing and improving the processing accuracy.

[0093] Fuzzy PID control: The alignment process of the positioning holes uses a fuzzy PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the control output according to the positioning plate angle deviation, and use the grating ruler to feedback the deviation value in real time to accurately control the locking force of the positioning block, further improving the alignment accuracy and stability. Step (3): Optical bar transmission and slide box movement

[0094] Stable transmission: Start the speed regulating motor to drive the light bar transmission mechanism, drive the light bar to rotate, and make the slide box reciprocate along the light bar in a straight line, providing stable and reliable transmission for the feeding of the toothed milling cutter, ensuring the stability of the processing process.

[0095] Speed ​​control: The feed speed of the optical bar is dynamically adjusted based on the cutting force prediction model. Taking into account a variety of factors, intelligent control of the feed speed is achieved, which can not only ensure processing efficiency, but also avoid tool damage or processing quality problems caused by excessive cutting force.

[0096] Step (4): Toothed milling cutter rotation drive

[0097] Efficient power transmission: The synchronous toothed belt wheel is driven by the motor and the reducer to drive the toothed milling cutter to rotate, and the power is efficiently transmitted to the milling cutter, which ensures the stable rotation of the milling cutter and improves the processing efficiency and quality.

[0098] Compact structure: The driving wheel of the synchronous toothed belt wheel meshes with the driven wheel, which has a compact structure, high transmission efficiency, reduces power loss, and ensures that the speed and torque of the milling cutter meet the processing requirements. Step (5): Positioning disk axial feed adjustment

[0099] Precise depth control: The axial feed amount of the positioning disc is adjusted by the positioning disc feed box to directly control the spline milling depth of the screw by the toothed milling cutter. It is easy to operate and has high adjustment accuracy, which can meet the processing requirements of different depths.

[0100] Strong flexibility: The feed rate can be flexibly adjusted according to the processing requirements to achieve precise processing of the screw spline and adapt to screw processing tasks with different specifications and precision requirements.

[0101] Step (6): Circulate the process until all teeth are completed

[0102] Efficient processing: By repeating steps (3) to (5) until the full tooth processing of the screw spline is completed, this cyclic processing method can fully utilize the cutting capacity of the toothed milling cutter, improve processing efficiency, and at the same time ensure the consistency of processing quality of each spline tooth.

[0103] Automation potential: The entire processing cycle can be combined with the CNC system to achieve automated control, reduce manual intervention, and further improve production efficiency and the stability of processing quality.

[0104] In summary, the screw spline milling method achieves high-precision and high-efficiency processing of screw splines through reasonable design and optimization of each step. It has the advantages of stable clamping, precise centering, reliable transmission, controllable speed, adjustable depth, flexible processing and high automation potential. It effectively meets the processing requirements of press screw splines, improves production efficiency and processing quality, reduces production costs, and has good application prospects and promotion value.

[0105] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press screw spline milling device, characterized in that: include: Body (1); A headstock (2) and a movable fixed tailstock (11) are arranged on the machine body, and an installation space for fixing a screw (15) is formed between the headstock (2) and the movable fixed tailstock (11); A positioning plate (4), wherein positioning holes matching the spline tooth shape of the screw rod are distributed in the circumference of the positioning plate (4), and the screw rod is fixed by a chuck fastening screw rod moving claw (5), and the positioning plate (4) is installed on the headboard box (2); A positioning block (12), used for locking the rotational position of the positioning disk; The slide box (13) is driven by the light bar (14) to realize linear reciprocating motion; A toothed milling cutter housing (9) is fixed on the slide box and contains a toothed milling cutter (10) driven by a motor (6), a speed reducer (7) and a synchronous toothed belt wheel (8); A light bar transmission mechanism (17), used for connecting to the speed regulating motor and driving the light bar to rotate; The positioning disk feed box (16) is installed at the lower part of the headstock box (2) and is driven by the optical rod (14) to adjust the axial feed of the positioning disk; wherein the optical rod transmission mechanism drives the slide box (13) to move, so that the toothed milling cutter performs spline milling on the screw.

2. The screw spline milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable fixed tailstock (11) is coaxially arranged with the top of the headstock (2), and a sliding guide rail is provided at the bottom of the movable fixed tailstock (11). The movable fixed tailstock (11) is slidably matched with the sliding guide rail to achieve axial position adjustment.

3. The screw spline milling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioning holes of the positioning plate (4) are distributed in an evenly divided circumference, the number of the positioning holes is consistent with the number of spline teeth of the screw, and the hole diameter matches the tooth top circle diameter of the toothed milling cutter (10).

4. The screw spline milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous toothed pulley (8) comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the reducer (7), and the driven wheel is coaxially fixed with the toothed milling cutter (10); the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel.

5. The screw spline milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck fastening screw moving claw (5) adopts a bidirectional thread structure and realizes synchronous clamping or loosening through rotation.

6. The screw spline milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toothed milling cutter box (9) is connected to the slide box (13) via a quick-change interface, supporting the quick replacement of toothed milling cutters of different specifications.

7. A milling method based on the screw spline milling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) The screw rod (15) is axially positioned through the headstock (2) and the top of the movable fixed tailstock (11), and the screw rod moving claw (5) is fixed by a chuck; (2) adjusting the circumferential position of the positioning plate (4) so ​​that the positioning hole is aligned with the spline tooth profile of the screw, and locking the positioning plate by means of the positioning block (12); (3) starting the speed regulating motor to drive the light bar transmission mechanism (17), driving the light bar (14) to rotate, so that the slide box (13) performs linear reciprocating motion along the light bar; (4) driving a synchronous toothed pulley (8) through a motor (6) and a reducer (7) to drive a toothed milling cutter (10) to rotate; (5) using the positioning disk feed box (16) to adjust the axial feed amount of the positioning disk and control the spline milling depth of the screw (15) by the toothed milling cutter (10); (6) Repeat steps (3) to (5) until the full tooth processing of the screw spline is completed.

8. The press screw spline milling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (1), an eccentricity correction algorithm based on machine vision is used to calculate the eccentricity Δ of the screw end face by the following formula: In the formula, (x c ,y c ) is the coordinate of the center of the screw end face, (x0, y0) is the theoretical center coordinate, and high-precision alignment is achieved by driving the sliding guide rail of the tailstock (11) to make Δ≤0.02mm; In the step (2), the positioning hole alignment process adopts a fuzzy PID control algorithm, and its control output u(t) is determined by the following formula: Where, e(t) is the angle deviation of the positioning plate, K p ,K i ,K d For dynamically adjusting the gain parameter, the deviation value is fed back in real time by the grating ruler to control the locking force of the positioning block (12).

9. The press screw spline milling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (3), the feed speed v of the optical bar (14) is dynamically adjusted based on the cutting force prediction model, and the model expression is: In the formula, F max is the maximum allowable cutting force of the tool, α is the material correction coefficient, ω i and a i are the frequency and amplitude components of the historical processing data, K is the tool stiffness coefficient, and D is the milling depth.

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