Tunnel construction exhaust device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of ventilation and exhaust, and particularly relates to an exhaust device for tunnel construction, which can accurately collect and discharge dirty air through a special exhaust pipe, reduce the pollution of the dirty air to the environment in the tunnel, and protect the health of construction personnel; a dust removal cylinder connected to the outer end of the exhaust pipe can intercept dust, protect the surrounding ecological environment, and also ensure the clean air intake of a preheating fan; the preheating fan, a heater and a main ventilator arranged in front of the ventilation pipe can heat the delivered gas, avoid the adverse effects of low temperature on construction personnel and equipment, and ensure the stability of construction; the air suction pipe and the drainage pipe increase the dirt gas absorption area and limit the scattering of dust; the mobile frame and the auxiliary frame are provided with mobile wheels below, the position of the mobile frame and the auxiliary frame can be adjusted with the advancing of the working face, fresh air can be timely delivered to the new construction area, dirty air can be efficiently collected and discharged, and the ventilation effect of tunnel construction is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ventilation and exhaust technology, and particularly relates to an exhaust device for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, a large amount of dust, harmful gases (such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides), and blasting fumes are generated. Ventilation systems play a crucial role in these processes. They effectively and promptly remove polluted air from the tunnel while introducing fresh air, improving air quality inside the tunnel, creating a safe and healthy working environment for construction workers, and helping to ensure visibility. This has a positive impact on both construction progress and safety.

[0003] Especially in the construction of heat-prone tunnels, ventilation and exhaust systems are one of the main technical measures to improve the climate conditions inside the tunnels. The main contents include two aspects: first, regulating the air temperature at the ventilation points in high-heat tunnels, which can be mainly done by accelerating the ventilation circulation speed inside the tunnel; second, preheating the air entering the tunnel in cold winter regions so that the airflow temperature entering the tunnel reaches the required level. For such tunnels, heating devices need to be installed in the tunnel ventilation system.

[0004] The most commonly used ventilation system in tunnel construction in cold winter regions is the supply air ventilation system. In this system, the air inlet is located outside the tunnel, and fresh air is delivered to the excavation face via pipelines, while polluted air is exhausted from the tunnel. Although this ventilation method is widely used, it still has certain shortcomings: the way polluted air is exhausted from the tunnel affects the overall air quality of the tunnel. Not only is it difficult to guarantee the air quality at the excavation face, but polluted air also spreads to other areas within the tunnel during exhaust, resulting in prolonged periods of high concentrations of harmful gases and dust throughout the tunnel. Even construction workers located far from the excavation face still face the health risks of inhaling harmful gases and being exposed to excessive dust, which can damage their respiratory system and affect construction efficiency and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a ventilation device for tunnel construction, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0006] A ventilation device for tunnel construction includes a mounting frame, a preheating fan mounted above the mounting frame, a heater located on one side of the preheating fan, a main ventilator located on one side of the heater, and a ventilation duct connected to one side of the main ventilator. A movable frame is located inside the tunnel near the working face, with a connecting cylinder at the upper end of the movable frame for connecting the ventilation duct. The connecting cylinder is connected to the movable frame via a connecting cylinder bracket, and an air supply pipe is located at the other end of the connecting cylinder. An exhaust pipe is located below the ventilation duct, fixed within the movable frame via an exhaust bracket, and a conical cylinder is located at the inlet of the exhaust pipe. A jet fan facing the conical cylinder is located on one side above the movable frame. The outlet end of the exhaust pipe is connected to a dust collection cylinder within the mounting frame via a bend.

[0007] An auxiliary frame is installed inside the tunnel and on one side of the mobile frame. Above the auxiliary frame is an arc-shaped support that can be connected to the mobile frame. A suction pipe is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped support through a retaining ring. Several air inlets are opened in the suction pipe on the side facing the working face. One end of the suction pipe is connected to the interface in the casing. A drain pipe is provided on one side of the interface. The casing is set in the exhaust pipe, and an inner pipe is provided inside the casing.

[0008] Furthermore, a gap is provided between the inner tube and the outer sleeve, and the interface and drainage tube are connected to this gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the main ventilation fan can be selectively turned on according to the construction progress. When the preheating fan can meet the air delivery needs, the main ventilation fan can be turned off; when the preheating fan alone cannot meet the air delivery needs, the main ventilation fan can be turned on to enhance airflow and improve ventilation efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, the bend is supported and fixed by the bend support bracket, and the dust collector is supported by the lower support legs. A filter screen is installed at the outlet end of the dust collector, and a cloth bag is connected to the lower opening of the dust collector. A vibration motor is installed on the dust collector to periodically vibrate and clean the dust accumulated on the filter screen, ensuring that the filter screen is unobstructed and the filtered gas can be discharged stably.

[0011] Furthermore, the mobile frame and auxiliary frame are equipped with casters, which allows some of the ventilation system equipment to be moved flexibly according to the construction progress, better adapting to the ventilation needs of different construction stages.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This invention uses specially designed exhaust pipes to collect and expel polluted air, changing the situation where polluted air spreads randomly in tunnels in traditional ventilation methods. It can accurately collect dust and harmful gases generated during construction from the source and transport them outside the tunnel, minimizing the pollution of polluted air on the overall environment inside the tunnel, ensuring air quality in each construction area, and creating a healthy working environment for construction workers.

[0014] Furthermore, a dust collector is connected to the outer end of the exhaust pipe. The filter screen and cloth bag can intercept dust and other particulate matter, preventing these dust particles from being directly emitted into the outside world, protecting the ecological environment and air quality around the tunnel, and also ensuring the cleanliness of the gas entering the preheating fan.

[0015] Furthermore, this invention includes a preheating fan, a heater, and a main ventilator installed before the ventilation duct, which heats the gas before delivering it to the work surface. This measure avoids frostbite and stiff hands and feet caused by low-temperature air, improving the accuracy and efficiency of construction operations. It also prevents problems such as increased viscosity of lubricating oil in construction equipment and malfunction of hydraulic systems due to low temperatures, ensuring normal equipment operation, reducing the probability of failure, and maintaining stable construction.

[0016] This invention, through the installation of suction pipes and drainage pipes, can increase the absorption area of ​​dirt and gas. At the same time, the drainage pipes can accelerate the flow of gas from outside the tunnel to the inside of the tunnel. Air convection prevents dust generated at the working face from being discharged through the tunnel. Since the suction pipes and drainage pipes are located in the area of ​​the tunnel close to the working face, the dispersion range of construction dust can be limited.

[0017] The movable frame and auxiliary frame in this invention are equipped with casters. As the working surface extends forward, the movable frame and auxiliary frame can be moved accordingly, and the position of the ventilation equipment can be precisely adjusted to ensure that fresh air can be continuously delivered to the latest construction area, while also efficiently collecting and expelling the polluted air generated in that area. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the arc-shaped bracket of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction pipe of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure in the mounting bracket of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collector cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1-Mounting bracket, 11-Fan bracket, 12-Bend bracket, 2-Preheating fan, 3-Heater, 4-Main ventilator, 5-Ventilation duct, 51-Connecting cylinder, 52-Air duct, 6-Moving frame, 61-Connecting cylinder bracket, 62-Jet fan, 63-Exhaust bracket, 7-Exhaust duct, 71-Conical cylinder, 72-Sleeve, 73-Inner tube, 74-Addition interface, 75-Drainage pipe, 8-Auxiliary frame, 81-Arc bracket, 82-Suction duct, 9-Dust collector, 91-Bend, 92-Filter screen, 93-Mask bag, 94-Vibration motor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] As attached Figure 1-7 As shown.

[0029] A ventilation device for tunnel construction includes a mounting frame 1, which is installed at a suitable position outside the tunnel entrance. A preheating fan 2 is installed above the mounting frame 1. A heater 3 is provided on one side of the preheating fan 2, and a main ventilation fan 4 is provided on one side of the heater 3. A ventilation pipe 5 is connected to one side of the main ventilation fan 4. Through the preheating fan 2, heater 3, and main ventilation fan 4, outside air is first drawn in through the preheating fan 2. After being heated by the preheating fan 2 and heater 3, the air temperature can be increased. The heated air is pressurized by the main ventilation fan 4 and transported into the tunnel through the ventilation pipe 5, which can avoid the adverse effects of low temperature air on the construction environment inside the tunnel.

[0030] The main ventilation fan 4 can be selectively turned on according to the construction progress. Specifically, when the preheating fan 2 can meet the air delivery needs, the main ventilation fan 4 can be turned off to save energy; when the preheating fan 2 alone cannot meet the air delivery needs, the main ventilation fan 4 can be turned on to enhance air flow and improve ventilation efficiency.

[0031] A movable frame 6 is installed near the working face inside the tunnel. A connecting cylinder 51 for connecting the ventilation pipe 5 is installed at the upper end of the movable frame 6. The connecting cylinder 51 is connected to the movable frame 6 through a connecting cylinder support 61. An air supply pipe 52 is installed at the other end of the connecting cylinder 51. The heated air can be directly delivered to the working face through the air supply pipe 52 to provide fresh air for the construction area.

[0032] The aforementioned connecting tube 51 is used to connect different parts of the pipe. During maintenance and repair, if it is necessary to replace a local ventilation pipe, it can be easily disassembled and replaced here, reducing the installation and maintenance costs of the construction ventilation system and improving construction efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, an exhaust duct 7 is provided below the ventilation duct 5, specifically as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 7, the exhaust pipe 7 is fixed in the movable frame 6 by the exhaust bracket 63, and a conical cylinder 71 is provided at the inlet of the exhaust pipe 7. A jet fan 62 is provided on one side above the movable frame 6. The air outlet of the jet fan 62 faces the conical cylinder 71, and the larger end of the conical cylinder 71 also faces the jet fan 62. The larger opening area can expand the collection range of polluted air. Under the action of the jet fan 62, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, it can quickly absorb dust and harmful gases generated during construction, thereby improving the capture efficiency of the ventilation system for polluted air.

[0034] The outlet end of the exhaust pipe 7 is connected to the dust collector 9 via a bend 91. The bend 91 and the dust collector 9 are installed in the mounting frame 1. The bend 91 is supported and fixed by the bend bracket 12, and a support leg is also provided below the dust collector 9. The functions of the bend 91 are: 1. To guide the airflow in the exhaust pipe 7 to change its direction and move it away from the air inlet of the preheating fan 2, so as to avoid affecting the cleanliness of the gas entering the tunnel; 2. To reduce the impact of the airflow on the dust collector 9. A filter screen 92 is provided at the outlet end of the dust collector 9. After being filtered by the filter screen 92, dust can be prevented from being discharged to the outside, ensuring the surrounding environment. The dust blocked by the filter screen 92 will enter the cloth bag 93 through the lower opening of the dust collector 9 for storage. When there is a lot of dust in the cloth bag 93, the tail end of the cloth bag 93 can be opened to clean the dust.

[0035] Furthermore, a vibration motor 94 is installed on the dust collection cylinder 9, which can periodically vibrate and clean the dust accumulated on the filter screen 92.

[0036] An auxiliary frame 8 is installed inside the tunnel and on one side of the movable frame 6. Above the auxiliary frame 8 is an arc-shaped support 81 that can be connected to the movable frame 6, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, an air suction pipe 82 is installed on the lower side of the arc-shaped bracket 81 via a retaining ring.

[0037] The aforementioned suction pipe 82 has several air inlets on the side facing the working surface. One end of the suction pipe 82 is connected to the interface 74 in the sleeve 72. The sleeve 72 is installed in the exhaust pipe 7, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown, an inner tube 73 is provided inside the sleeve 72, and a gap is provided between the inner tube 73 and the sleeve 72. The interface 74 and the drainage tube 75 are both connected to the gap, and one end of the gap is provided with an opening.

[0038] Specifically, based on the working principle of this device, the exhaust process is as follows: When the jet fan 62 starts, the dust and harmful gases generated during construction will enter the exhaust pipe 7 from the cone 71. Since the exhaust pipe 7 is only located on one side of the tunnel, the capacity of the exhaust pipe 7 alone to absorb construction dust and harmful gases is insufficient. Therefore, the arc-shaped suction pipe 82 can increase the absorption area of ​​the dirty gases. The kinetic energy of the gas absorbed by the suction pipe 82 comes from the negative pressure generated at the gap between the inner pipe 73 and the sleeve 72. This negative pressure comes from the gas flow inside the exhaust pipe 7. According to the attached... Figure 6 As shown, gas passes through the sleeve 72 from the inner tube 73, thus, according to fluid mechanics, a negative pressure will be generated at the gap.

[0039] The negative pressure acts not only on the suction pipe 82, but also on the drainage pipe 75. The outer end of the drainage pipe 75 faces the tunnel entrance. The drainage pipe 75 can accelerate the flow of gas from outside the tunnel to inside the tunnel. Air convection prevents dust generated at the working face from being discharged through the tunnel. Since the suction pipe 82 and the drainage pipe 75 are located in the area of ​​the tunnel close to the working face, the dispersion range of construction dust can be limited.

[0040] Furthermore, the installation of the movable frame 6 and the auxiliary frame 8 allows the ventilation system equipment to be moved flexibly according to the construction progress to meet the needs of different construction stages.

[0041] Any technical solution that achieves the above-mentioned technical effects by utilizing the technical solutions described in this invention, or by designing similar technical solutions by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the technical solutions described in this invention, falls within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for tunnel construction comprising a mounting frame (1), characterized in that: A preheating fan (2) is installed above the mounting frame (1), a heater (3) is arranged on one side of the preheating fan (2), a main fan (4) is arranged on one side of the heater (3), and a ventilation pipe (5) is connected to one side of the main fan (4); a mobile frame (6) is arranged in the tunnel near the working face, a connecting cylinder (51) for connecting the ventilation pipe (5) is arranged at the upper end of the mobile frame (6), the connecting cylinder (51) is connected to the mobile frame (6) through a connecting cylinder support (61), and a wind delivery pipe (52) is arranged at the other end of the connecting cylinder (51); a wind exhaust pipe (7) is arranged below the ventilation pipe (5), the wind exhaust pipe (7) is fixed in the mobile frame (6) through a wind exhaust support (63), a conical cylinder (71) is arranged at the inlet of the wind exhaust pipe (7), and a jet fan (62) is arranged on one side above the mobile frame (6) and faces the conical cylinder (71); the outlet end of the wind exhaust pipe (7) is connected to a dust removal cylinder (9) in the mounting frame (1) through an elbow pipe (91); An auxiliary frame (8) is arranged in the tunnel and on one side of the mobile frame (6), an arc-shaped support (81) capable of being connected to the mobile frame (6) is arranged above the auxiliary frame (8), a suction pipe (82) is mounted on the lower side of the arc-shaped support (81) through a snap ring, and a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in one side of the suction pipe (82) and face the working face; one end of the suction pipe (82) is connected to a joint (74) in a sleeve pipe (72), a drainage pipe (75) is arranged on one side of the joint (74), and the sleeve pipe (72) is arranged in the wind exhaust pipe (7); an inner pipe (73) is arranged in the sleeve pipe (72); A gap is arranged between the inner pipe (73) and the sleeve pipe (72), the joint (74) and the drainage pipe (75) are both connected to the gap, according to fluid mechanics, negative pressure is generated at the gap when gas passes through the sleeve pipe (72) from the inner pipe (73), the negative pressure simultaneously acts on the suction pipe (82) and the drainage pipe (75), the outer end of the drainage pipe (75) is open and faces the direction of the tunnel opening, the drainage pipe (75) accelerates the flow of external air in the tunnel, air convection prevents dust generated on the working face from being discharged through the tunnel, and the suction pipe (82) and the drainage pipe (75) are arranged in the tunnel and near the working face, thereby limiting the diffusion range of construction dust; The main fan (4) is selectively opened according to the construction progress, the main fan (4) is closed when the preheating fan (2) can meet the air delivery demand, and the main fan (4) is opened when the preheating fan (2) alone cannot meet the air delivery demand; The elbow pipe (91) is supported and fixed by an elbow pipe support (12), the dust removal cylinder (9) is supported by lower support legs, a filter screen (92) is arranged at the outlet end of the dust removal cylinder (9), and a bag (93) is connected to the lower end opening of the dust removal cylinder (9); a vibration motor (94) is arranged on the dust removal cylinder (9) and is used for periodically vibrating and cleaning the accumulated dust on the filter screen (92); The mobile frame (6) and the auxiliary frame (8) are provided below with mobile wheels, so that the ventilation system and part of the equipment can be flexibly moved according to the construction progress.

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