Intelligent substation secondary safety measure ticket automatic generation method based on knowledge graph and rule base and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent substation secondary safety measure ticket automatic generation method based on a knowledge graph and a rule base and a storage medium, and solves the problems that in the prior art, secondary safety measure ticket compilation efficiency is low, and the error rate is high, the adopted technical scheme is that a configuration database of an IED virtual loop is constructed based on an SCD file and the knowledge graph; setting a secondary safety measure compilation rule, and constructing a secondary safety measure rule base; matching secondary information of the maintenance equipment based on the configuration database and the secondary safety measure rule base; based on the configuration database, the secondary safety measure rule base and the maintenance equipment secondary information, a secondary safety measure ticket is automatically generated, and the secondary safety measure ticket comprises safety measure provisions which are generated according to the priority and comprise the execution equipment state, the virtual terminal link type and the isolation loop type. The method has the advantages that the correct secondary safety measure ticket can be automatically generated according to the on-site maintenance task, the working efficiency of technical improvement, defect elimination and verification can be improved, and the manual compiling error rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automatic generation of secondary safety measures for smart substations, and in particular to a method and storage medium for automatic generation of secondary safety measures tickets for smart substations based on a knowledge graph and a rule base. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous promotion of smart grids and the development and application of new technologies, smart substations use a large number of optical fibers to replace traditional secondary cables for the transmission of digital and analog signals, so that the original decoupled and concrete secondary cables are replaced by highly coupled and abstract network data flows. Different from the secondary safety measures of traditional conventional substations based on "short current (by short-circuiting the secondary circuit of the current transformer (CT) to prevent the secondary side from generating high voltage due to open circuit), voltage disconnection (disconnecting the secondary circuit of the voltage transformer (PT) to prevent short circuit or reverse charging on the secondary side), and tripping removal (removing the tripping circuit related to the operating equipment to prevent the maintenance equipment from tripping due to malfunction)", the smart station uses GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) to send and receive soft pressure plates, SV (Sampled Vlue) to receive soft pressure plates, and the maintenance mechanism between intelligent electronic devices (IED, Intelligent Electronic Device) to isolate secondary safety measures.

[0003] As an important part of the power grid, the safe and reliable operation of the substation is of decisive significance for the stable and reliable power supply of the power grid. With the continuous expansion of the scale of the power grid and the replacement of intelligent equipment, the secondary equipment in the intelligent substation faces a large number of regular calibration, technical transformation and expansion, and temporary fault elimination. Secondary maintenance safety measures (referred to as secondary safety measures) are to ensure that the maintenance work does not affect the normal operation of the live equipment by isolating the maintenance equipment from the operating equipment. It is an important "lifeline" to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid during the secondary maintenance. When executing the secondary safety measures, the intelligent station is prone to the malfunction of the relay protection of the operating equipment or the malfunction of the protection function due to improper operation sequence or missing items. Therefore, ensuring the accuracy of the secondary safety measures, improving the efficiency of maintenance work, and reducing the possibility of safety risks caused by insufficient skills of personnel have become an urgent problem to be solved in realizing the "intelligent operation and maintenance" of the intelligent substation.

[0004] At present, there are many studies on the secondary safety measures of smart substations, but most of them only focus on "panoramic information flow of virtual corresponding physical circuits and logical circuits, hybrid visualization and offline verification technology of virtual circuits and soft pressure plates, design and implementation of safety measures rule database for maintenance of secondary equipment in smart substations, and one-click secondary safety measures for smart substations". At present, the preparation of secondary safety measures for smart substations is limited to manually drafting secondary safety measures tickets for smart substations based on the work experience of secondary maintenance personnel and the reading of SCD files. In view of the low efficiency and high error rate of the traditional manual drafting method of secondary safety measures tickets for smart stations, and the fact that few people have detailed the construction and matching principles of the virtual circuit configuration database and the secondary safety measures rule library, it is urgent to study a method for automatically generating secondary safety measures tickets to achieve effective control of secondary safety measures for maintenance operations, ensure the correct preparation, strict review, and timely filing of secondary safety measures, and effectively reduce the safety risks of maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a method and storage medium for automatically generating secondary safety measures tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graphs and rule bases, which can effectively solve the rule matching problem of IED secondary information for maintenance, and can automatically generate correct secondary safety measures tickets according to on-site maintenance tasks, which is beneficial to improving the work efficiency of technical transformation, fault elimination and verification of smart substations, reducing the error rate of manual compilation, and effectively managing and controlling the secondary safety measures of maintenance operations, ensuring the correct compilation, strict review, and timely archiving of secondary safety measures, thereby effectively reducing the safety risks of maintenance and providing a reference for realizing intelligent operation and maintenance integration.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions: A method for automatically generating secondary safety measures tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base: Build the configuration database of IED virtual circuit based on SCD file and knowledge graph; Collect secondary safety measures standards and set rules for their compilation; Based on the compilation rules, a rule base for secondary safety measures is constructed, wherein the rule base includes priority rules and soft pressure plate operation rules; Based on the configuration database and rule base, and combined with the maintenance tasks to be performed, match the secondary information of the maintenance equipment; Based on the configuration database and the rule base, a secondary safety ticket is automatically generated, wherein the secondary safety ticket includes safety clauses including the execution device status, the virtual terminal link type and the isolation loop type generated according to the priority.

[0007] Among them, the construction of the configuration database is essentially to extract and supplement the secondary virtual circuit information between the IEDs of the entire station based on the SCD file (or SCD configuration file). As a system configuration file for the entire station, the SCD file mainly describes the instance configuration and communication parameters of all IEDs in the smart station, the communication configuration between IEDs, and the primary system structure of the substation. It is the key data basis for the automatic generation of secondary maintenance and safety measures for the smart station.

[0008] As a further improvement and supplement to the above technical solution, the present invention adopts the following technical measures: Preferably, the steps of constructing the configuration database are: SCD file parsing: Read and parse the SCD file based on the parsing tool to obtain virtual circuit configuration information, which includes the IED virtual terminal table and the IED soft pressure plate list; based on the IED virtual terminal table, distinguish the SV link and GOOSE link, and obtain the IED fiber link table and soft pressure plate configuration; Semi-automatic association of soft pressure plate: SV receiving soft pressure plate and SV virtual circuit are manually associated; GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plate and GOOSE virtual circuit are automatically associated based on TF-IDF algorithm combined with cosine similarity; Physical circuit association: Based on the port configuration and fiber link table in the SCD file, establish the mapping relationship between the virtual circuit and the physical fiber; Knowledge graph construction: Use graph database to store virtual circuit information, and achieve structured storage and visual retrieval through data preprocessing, rule extraction, entity alignment and relationship fusion.

[0009] In this technical solution, the Lxml parsing tool in Python is used to read and parse the SCD file, and the parsing results mainly include the IED virtual terminal table and the IED soft pressure plate list.

[0010] SV links and GOOSE links are distinguished by the reference name of the receiving virtual terminal in the SCD file. The prefix of the SV link is SVIN, and the prefix of the GOOSE link is GOIN. In the logical devices of the SV process layer and the GOOSE process layer of the IED, traversing the Inputs part under its LN0 node can obtain all the receiving link information of the IED. GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates and SV receiving soft pressure plates are only configured in the protection device and stored in the dsRelayRna data set under the corresponding IED logical contact PROT.

[0011] Subsequently, the GOOSE secondary virtual circuit information (i.e., GOOSE virtual circuit) and SV secondary virtual circuit (i.e., SV virtual circuit) information subscribed by the IED of the entire station can be obtained through virtual circuit and soft pressure plate mapping. The GOOSE virtual circuit includes the name of the GOOSE output device, the reference path of the GOOSE output virtual terminal data, the GOOSE output soft pressure plate, the name of the GOOSE input device, the reference path of the GOOSE input virtual terminal data, the GOOSE input soft pressure plate and other data; the SV virtual circuit includes the name of the SV output device, the reference path of the SV output virtual terminal data, the name of the SV input device, the reference path of the SV input virtual terminal data, the SV receiving soft pressure plate and other data.

[0012] In the Soft Platen Semi-Automatic Association step: According to the "Standardized Design Specifications for Line Protection and Auxiliary Devices" and the appendix of "Standardized Design Specifications for Transformers, High-Voltage Shunt Reactors and Busbar Protection and Auxiliary Devices", the "semi-automatic association" of soft pressure plates and virtual circuits is performed. These specifications define the SV input virtual terminal table, GOOSE input virtual terminal table and GOOSE output virtual terminal table of each IED at different voltage levels. Based on the rules described in the above virtual terminal tables, the GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates and SV receiving soft pressure plates are associated with the virtual circuits to which they belong, and the mapping of IED soft pressure plates and virtual circuits in the SCD configuration file is completed. "Semi-automatic association" means that the mapping of SV receiving soft pressure plates and SV virtual circuits is performed manually, while the mapping of GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates (i.e., GOOSE sending\receiving soft pressure plates) and GOOSE virtual circuits is automatically performed based on the TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, i.e., the TF-IDF algorithm in the bag-of-words model) algorithm combined with cosine similarity.

[0013] The TF-IDF algorithm combined with cosine similarity calculation can achieve similarity matching.

[0014] Specifically, first, use the Jiaba tool in Python to segment the text to be matched; secondly, use the bag-of-words model to vectorize each text. Each dimension in the vector is all the segmented words in the text set, and its attribute value can be whether the word appears in the corresponding text, the frequency of occurrence, or the weighted value.

[0015] In the step of associating the physical circuit, based on the receiving port configuration of all virtual circuits on the receiving device side in the SCD file and the fiber link table of the entire station (including information such as the sending device, sending port, fiber number and name, receiving port, receiving device, etc.), the optical fiber physical circuit is associated with the virtual circuit to assist in the automatic generation of secondary safety measures. According to the "Security Regulations for On-site Work of Relay Protection and Grid Safety Automatic Devices in Intelligent Substations", for SV virtual circuits and GOOSE virtual circuits that cannot be isolated by throwing or pulling back soft pressure plates, you can choose to unplug the optical fiber corresponding to the virtual circuit to achieve physical circuit isolation.

[0016] After the virtual circuit information of the smart substation is supplemented and improved through steps such as "SCD file reading and parsing, semi-automatic association of soft pressure plates, and physical circuit association", the configuration database can be further constructed based on the knowledge graph, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of virtual circuit configuration information retrieval and automatic generation of secondary safety measures, and conveniently storing virtual circuit information between all IEDs in the entire station to prepare for the efficient generation of subsequent secondary safety measures tickets.

[0017] The construction of knowledge graph includes four modules: data acquisition, information extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge processing.

[0018] Specifically, firstly, the virtual terminal table obtained by parsing the SCD configuration file is used as the data source, and the data is preprocessed in a structured manner; secondly, a rule-based approach is used to extract the whole station configuration information such as IED naming, data reference path, virtual circuit connection, etc.; finally, the virtual circuit configuration information of the smart station is stored and visualized based on the Neo4j graph database, and the construction of the smart station configuration database is completed in a "bottom-up" manner (where "bottom-up" is a method that starts from the original data parsed from the SCD file, through structured preprocessing, rule extraction, and knowledge fusion, and finally constructs a hierarchical knowledge graph.).

[0019] Preferably, the compilation rules include: Exit the maintenance equipment related GOOSE / SV receiving soft pressure plate; If the primary device is running, switch the protection state to signal mode; Confirm that GOOSE has exited sending soft press plates and exporting hard press plates; Unplug the optical fiber loop that cannot be isolated by the soft pressure plate; When the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal and the primary equipment is in operation, the busbar protection switch is forced to use the soft pressure plate; Put the maintenance equipment into maintenance, repair the hard pressure plate and disconnect the control power supply; Make sure that the forced soft pressure plates of the isolation switches of all intelligent devices within the maintenance range have been put into use; When the primary equipment is shut down, disconnect the CT / PT secondary circuit connector on the analog input side of the merging unit.

[0020] Further explanation of the rule base involved in this technical solution: The secondary circuits in conventional stations usually exist in the form of concrete circuits. During interval maintenance, secondary safety measures such as "short-circuiting current terminals, disconnecting voltage connectors, scratching the small pick in the middle of the tripping outlet terminal block, and withdrawing the protection outlet hard pressure plate" are used to form obvious electrical opening and closing points on the physical circuit to prevent malfunction of operating equipment during maintenance.

[0021] Unlike conventional substations, the secondary circuits of smart substations are all presented in the form of invisible virtual circuits and rely on optical fibers to realize network communication of digital signals, so the secondary safety isolation method of "obvious electrical disconnection points" is no longer applicable. The safety isolation of the virtual circuits of smart substations should adopt the "double safety" safety principle. Generally, the corresponding receiving soft pressure plate in the relevant operating device is exited, the corresponding sending soft pressure plate in the maintenance device is exited, and the maintenance pressure plate in the maintenance device is put into use. Methods such as assisting the automatic generation system of secondary safety tickets to automatically complete the automatic matching of the secondary information of the maintenance equipment according to the current maintenance tasks and set rules. The construction of the smart station safety rule base can be divided into the following three steps: 1) Set up smart station security measures rules According to the "Security Regulations for On-site Work of Relay Protection and Grid Safety Automatic Devices in Smart Substations", the rules for compiling secondary safety measures for smart substations are as follows: (1) GOOSE soft pressure plates and export hard pressure plates related to maintenance equipment have been withdrawn; (2) The SV soft pressure plate related to the maintenance equipment has been withdrawn; (3) The forced soft pressure plate of the interval isolation knife switch related to the maintenance equipment has been put into use; (4) The optical fiber loops of SV and GOOSE that cannot be isolated by inserting and withdrawing the soft pressure plate have been unplugged; (5) All intelligent equipment within the maintenance scope (including protection equipment, intelligent terminals, merging units, etc.) have been put into maintenance with hard pressure plates; (6) The CT and PT secondary circuit connectors on the analog input side of the merging unit have been disconnected.

[0022] 2) Compile a smart station security rule base Smart stations generally perform related maintenance work on all IEDs within their range in intervals. If there are omissions or the order of secondary safety measures is reversed during the maintenance process, the operating equipment may malfunction. When preparing the secondary safety measures ticket for the smart station, it is necessary to implement secondary safety measures isolation on the maintenance device according to the maintenance task and the status of the primary equipment, in accordance with the smart station safety measures preparation principles, to ensure that the maintenance period will not affect the operating equipment.

[0023] In order to achieve effective secondary isolation between maintenance equipment and operating equipment, the "General Principles for the Implementation of Secondary Safety Measures" are set as follows: operating equipment takes precedence over maintenance equipment, GOOSE circuits take precedence over SV circuits, and virtual circuits take precedence over hard circuits.

[0024] Preferably, the rule base comprises: Virtual circuit rules: GOOSE / SV soft pressure plate exits, busbar protection switch forces soft pressure plate to be engaged; Hard circuit rules: the hard pressure plate at the intelligent terminal outlet is withdrawn, the optical fiber is pulled out, and the CT / PT connector is disconnected; Rule priority coding: Assign priority according to the fields of "operating equipment takes precedence over maintenance equipment, IED coding, GOOSE circuit takes precedence over SV circuit, virtual circuit takes precedence over hard circuit"; The coding fields on the security measures clause are written according to the priority principle of secondary security measures execution; The coding field includes the maintenance status of the executed equipment, the equipment IED sequence code, the virtual terminal link type, and the virtual and real type of the isolation circuit.

[0025] Another way to say the rules in the rule base is: Rule 1: Exit the GOOSE receiving and sending soft pressure plates related to the maintenance equipment in the running equipment; Rule 2: If the primary equipment stops operating, the SV receiving soft pressure plate related to the maintenance equipment in the running equipment will be exited; if the primary equipment is actually running, the protection status of the corresponding running equipment will be changed to signal; For example: when the line is actually running and only the merging unit is being maintained, if the SV soft pressure plate of the interval corresponding to the busbar protection is withdrawn, a differential current will be formed, causing the busbar protection to malfunction; if the SV receiving soft pressure plate of the interval corresponding to the busbar protection is not withdrawn, the merging unit of this interval will directly lock all busbar protection functions after the maintenance pressure plate is put into use; considering the above, when only the merging unit is being operated to carry out maintenance work, the protection status of the relevant operating equipment in this operating interval needs to be changed to the signal.

[0026] If it involves the 35 kV conventional configuration part of the 220 kV smart station, it is necessary to manually add and supplement the secondary circuit that needs to be isolated because it is impossible to search for the secondary circuit that needs to be isolated based on the SCD virtual terminal-soft pressure plate configuration database. For example: when the switches on the three sides of the main transformer and the main body are shut down for maintenance, the secondary circuit part related to the low-voltage side (such as the voltage and current sampling circuit, the tripping and closing output circuit) is a cable hard circuit like the conventional station.

[0027] Rule 3: If the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal and the operating equipment related to it is a 220 kV busbar protection, the isolation switch corresponding to the maintenance interval in the busbar protection should be forced to use the soft pressure plate (the premise is that the primary equipment is in operation); Rule 4: Exit the GOOSE receiving and sending soft pressure plates related to the running equipment in the maintenance equipment; Rule 5: If the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal, all its outlet hard pressure plates should be withdrawn and the control power circuit breaker should be opened; if it is an intelligent terminal in a 220 kV line interval, the outlet hard pressure plate (if any) that locks the reclosing function of another set of intelligent terminals in this interval should also be withdrawn; Rule 6: Pull out the SV and GOOSE optical fibers in the maintenance equipment that cannot be isolated from the operating equipment by the soft pressure plate; Rule 7: All intelligent equipment (including protection devices, intelligent terminals, merging units, etc.) within the maintenance scope shall be put into maintenance hard pressure plate; Rule 8: If the primary equipment is shut down, disconnect the CT and PT secondary circuit connectors on the analog input side of the merging unit.

[0028] Each secondary safety measure entry automatically generated by matching the configuration database with the rule base is marked with a safety measure execution priority code. The field contents of the safety measure execution priority include: execution equipment maintenance status (operation or maintenance), equipment IED sequence code (such as 1, 2, 3...), virtual terminal link type (GOOSE, SV or None), isolation circuit virtuality and reality type (virtual circuit or hard circuit).

[0029] As a preferred method, the steps for automatically generating a secondary security ticket are as follows: Maintenance boundary extraction: traverse the virtual circuit of maintenance equipment. If one side of the adjacent equipment is under maintenance and the other side is in operation, it is marked as a circuit to be isolated; Rule matching: using conditional decision rules to match the type of circuit to be isolated with the rule base to generate the security measures; Priority sorting and output: sort the security measures clauses by coding fields, supplement the manual entries of the conventional station hard circuit, and output the security measures ticket containing the virtual and real isolation operations.

[0030] Preferably, in the step of matching the secondary information of the maintenance equipment, if both sides are maintenance equipment, there is no need for secondary safety isolation; if one side is maintenance equipment and the other side is operating equipment, it is a safety isolation loop to be executed, thereby determining the secondary maintenance isolation boundary.

[0031] That is to say, the IED device to be maintained is determined according to the maintenance task to be performed, and all secondary virtual circuits of the maintenance device are traversed through the configuration database to search for adjacent devices related to the maintenance device. If both are maintenance devices, no secondary safety isolation is required; if one side is a maintenance device and the other side is a running device, it is a safety isolation circuit to be performed, thereby determining the secondary maintenance isolation boundary.

[0032] After sorting the maintenance IED codes, the relevant virtual circuit information of each maintenance IED is searched in the configuration database one by one according to the rule base to match the safety measures rules, and the secondary safety measures clauses are automatically generated and marked with execution priorities. After sorting based on the priority, the secondary safety measures ticket is obtained.

[0033] Preferably, the step of associating the GOOSE sending / receiving soft pressure plate with the GOOSE virtual circuit is as follows: After word segmentation of the virtual circuit description text and the soft pressure plate name, the bag-of-words model vector space is constructed, the TF-IDF weight vector is calculated, the best matching soft pressure plate is selected through the cosine similarity threshold, and the association is confirmed after manual verification.

[0034] As a preferred option, when the primary equipment is running and the merging unit is under maintenance, if the corresponding SV soft pressure plate of the busbar protection is exited, differential current will result, and the busbar protection state needs to be switched to signal mode; The conditions for the forced soft pressure plate of the busbar protection knife switch to be put into use are: The intelligent terminal for busbar protection is maintenance equipment of voltage level 220kV and above, and the primary equipment is in operation.

[0035] Preferably, the generated secondary security ticket is checked; based on the check result, the secondary security ticket is supplemented and / or corrected.

[0036] Another technical subject of the present invention is: a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store program code, and the instructions in the program code execute the aforementioned method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graphs and rule bases.

[0037] The present invention has the beneficial effects: 1) According to the actual situation of on-site maintenance work, a smart substation safety measure rule base is constructed, and the "conditional decision-making rule (if Conditions then-Result)" is used for rule matching to realize the automatic generation of secondary safety measure tickets. The application of this invention can solve the problems of large workload and easy errors in manual ticket preparation, ensure the effectiveness and correctness of secondary safety measures, and improve the efficiency of secondary operation and maintenance, providing a reference for the realization of "intelligent operation and maintenance integration" of smart stations.

[0038] 2) The TF-IDF algorithm in the bag-of-words model is used in combination with cosine similarity calculation to achieve text similarity matching, and automatically associate the GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates with the GOOSE virtual circuits. The association between the SV receiving soft pressure plates and the SV virtual circuits is done manually. The "semi-automatic association" of soft pressure plates and virtual circuits overcomes the problems of "long time, large workload, and easy to make mistakes" in manual matching.

[0039] 3) The relevant information of the secondary virtual circuit in the SCD file of the smart substation is further supplemented and improved through the "association of physical optical fiber and virtual circuit" to assist the automatic generation of secondary safety measures tickets. Especially for those SV and GOOSE virtual circuits that cannot be isolated by throwing or withdrawing soft pressure plates, you can choose to unplug the optical fiber corresponding to the virtual circuit to achieve physical circuit isolation.

[0040] 4) The knowledge graph is used to build the secondary virtual circuit configuration database of the smart substation, which can effectively store the information of each virtual circuit, such as the sending device name, sending end reference path, receiving end reference path, receiving device name, etc., and visualize the virtual circuit through the graph. It can also automatically and quickly search all related virtual circuits between the equipment to be repaired and the operating equipment to determine the isolation object of the safety measure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 Matching flow chart for smart station security rules; Figure 3 This is the information flow diagram of the No. 1 main transformer bay (in the figure, the dotted arrow represents the GOOSE link, the solid arrow represents the SV link; the mark * represents the secondary virtual circuit to be isolated, the thick solid frame represents the maintenance IED, and the dotted frame represents the operating IED). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1: Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, A method for automatically generating secondary safety measures tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base: Build the configuration database of IED virtual circuit based on SCD file and knowledge graph; Collect secondary safety measures standards and set rules for their compilation; Based on the compilation rules, a rule base for secondary safety measures is constructed, wherein the rule base includes priority rules and soft pressure plate operation rules; Based on the configuration database and rule base, and combined with the maintenance tasks to be performed, match the secondary information of the maintenance equipment; Based on the configuration database and the rule base, a secondary safety ticket is automatically generated, wherein the secondary safety ticket includes safety clauses including the execution device status, the virtual terminal link type and the isolation loop type generated according to the priority.

[0044] Among them, the construction of the configuration database is essentially to extract and supplement the secondary virtual circuit information between the IEDs of the entire station based on the SCD file (or SCD configuration file). As a system configuration file for the entire station, the SCD file mainly describes the instance configuration and communication parameters of all IEDs in the smart station, the communication configuration between IEDs, and the primary system structure of the substation. It is the key data basis for the automatic generation of secondary maintenance and safety measures for the smart station.

[0045] In actual application, the generated secondary security ticket is checked; based on the check result, the secondary security ticket is supplemented and / or corrected.

[0046] In actual applications, a standard secondary security ticket database is directly constructed, and then the secondary security ticket is checked against the standard secondary security ticket database. Based on the check results, the secondary security ticket is supplemented and / or corrected.

[0047] In actual application, the steps to build a configuration database are: SCD file parsing: Read and parse the SCD file based on the parsing tool to obtain virtual circuit configuration information, which includes the IED virtual terminal table and the IED soft pressure plate list; based on the IED virtual terminal table, distinguish the SV link and GOOSE link, and obtain the IED fiber link table and soft pressure plate configuration; Semi-automatic association of soft pressure plate: SV receiving soft pressure plate and SV virtual circuit are manually associated; GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plate and GOOSE virtual circuit are automatically associated based on TF-IDF algorithm combined with cosine similarity; Physical circuit association: Based on the port configuration and fiber link table in the SCD file, establish the mapping relationship between the virtual circuit and the physical fiber; Knowledge graph construction: Use graph database to store virtual circuit information, and achieve structured storage and visual retrieval through data preprocessing, rule extraction, entity alignment and relationship fusion.

[0048] In this technical solution, the Lxml parsing tool in Python is used to read and parse the SCD file, and the parsing results mainly include the IED virtual terminal table and the IED soft pressure plate list.

[0049] SV links and GOOSE links are distinguished by the reference name of the receiving virtual terminal in the SCD file. The prefix of the SV link is SVIN, and the prefix of the GOOSE link is GOIN. In the logical devices of the SV process layer and the GOOSE process layer of the IED, traversing the Inputs part under its LN0 node can obtain all the receiving link information of the IED. GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates and SV receiving soft pressure plates are only configured in the protection device and stored in the dsRelayRna data set under the corresponding IED logical contact PROT.

[0050] Subsequently, the GOOSE secondary virtual circuit information (i.e., GOOSE virtual circuit) and SV secondary virtual circuit (i.e., SV virtual circuit) information subscribed by the IED of the entire station can be obtained through virtual circuit and soft pressure plate mapping. The GOOSE virtual circuit includes the name of the GOOSE output device, the reference path of the GOOSE output virtual terminal data, the GOOSE output soft pressure plate, the name of the GOOSE input device, the reference path of the GOOSE input virtual terminal data, the GOOSE input soft pressure plate and other data; the SV virtual circuit includes the name of the SV output device, the reference path of the SV output virtual terminal data, the name of the SV input device, the reference path of the SV input virtual terminal data, the SV receiving soft pressure plate and other data.

[0051] In the Soft Platen Semi-Automatic Association step: According to the "Standardized Design Specifications for Line Protection and Auxiliary Devices" and the appendix of "Standardized Design Specifications for Transformers, High-Voltage Shunt Reactors and Busbar Protection and Auxiliary Devices", the "semi-automatic association" of soft pressure plates and virtual circuits is performed. These specifications define the SV input virtual terminal table, GOOSE input virtual terminal table and GOOSE output virtual terminal table of each IED at different voltage levels. Based on the rules described in the above virtual terminal tables, the GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates and SV receiving soft pressure plates are associated with the virtual circuits to which they belong, and the mapping of IED soft pressure plates and virtual circuits in the SCD configuration file is completed. "Semi-automatic association" means that the mapping of SV receiving soft pressure plates and SV virtual circuits is performed manually, while the mapping of GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates (i.e., GOOSE sending\receiving soft pressure plates) and GOOSE virtual circuits is automatically performed based on the TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, i.e., the TF-IDF algorithm in the bag-of-words model) algorithm combined with cosine similarity.

[0052] The TF-IDF algorithm combined with cosine similarity calculation can achieve similarity matching.

[0053] Specifically, first, use the Jiaba tool in Python to segment the text to be matched; secondly, use the bag-of-words model to vectorize each text. Each dimension in the vector is all the segmented words in the text set, and its attribute value can be whether the word appears in the corresponding text, the frequency of occurrence, or the weighted value.

[0054] In the step of associating the physical circuit, based on the receiving port configuration of all virtual circuits on the receiving device side in the SCD file and the fiber link table of the entire station (including information such as the sending device, sending port, fiber number and name, receiving port, receiving device, etc.), the optical fiber physical circuit is associated with the virtual circuit to assist in the automatic generation of secondary safety measures. According to the "Security Regulations for On-site Work of Relay Protection and Grid Safety Automatic Devices in Intelligent Substations", for SV virtual circuits and GOOSE virtual circuits that cannot be isolated by throwing or pulling back soft pressure plates, you can choose to unplug the optical fiber corresponding to the virtual circuit to achieve physical circuit isolation.

[0055] After the virtual circuit information of the smart substation is supplemented and improved through steps such as "SCD file reading and parsing, semi-automatic association of soft pressure plates, and physical circuit association", the configuration database can be further constructed based on the knowledge graph, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of virtual circuit configuration information retrieval and automatic generation of secondary safety measures, and conveniently storing virtual circuit information between all IEDs in the entire station to prepare for the efficient generation of subsequent secondary safety measures tickets.

[0056] The construction of knowledge graph includes four modules: data acquisition, information extraction, knowledge fusion and knowledge processing.

[0057] Specifically, firstly, the virtual terminal table obtained by parsing the SCD configuration file is used as the data source, and the data is preprocessed in a structured manner; secondly, a rule-based approach is used to extract the whole station configuration information such as IED naming, data reference path, virtual circuit connection, etc.; finally, the virtual circuit configuration information of the smart station is stored and visualized based on the Neo4j graph database, and the construction of the smart station configuration database is completed in a "bottom-up" manner (where "bottom-up" is a method that starts from the original data parsed from the SCD file, through structured preprocessing, rule extraction, and knowledge fusion, and finally constructs a hierarchical knowledge graph.).

[0058] In practical applications, the compilation rules include: Exit the maintenance equipment related GOOSE / SV receiving soft pressure plate; If the primary device is running, switch the protection state to signal mode; Confirm that GOOSE has exited sending soft press plates and exporting hard press plates; Unplug the optical fiber loop that cannot be isolated by the soft pressure plate; When the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal and the primary equipment is in operation, the busbar protection switch is forced to use the soft pressure plate; Put the maintenance equipment into maintenance, repair the hard pressure plate and disconnect the control power supply; Make sure that the forced soft pressure plates of the isolation switches of all intelligent devices within the maintenance range have been put into use; When the primary equipment is shut down, disconnect the CT / PT secondary circuit connector on the analog input side of the merging unit.

[0059] Further explanation of the rule base involved in this technical solution: The secondary circuits in conventional stations usually exist in the form of concrete circuits. During interval maintenance, secondary safety measures such as "short-circuiting current terminals, disconnecting voltage connectors, scratching the small pick in the middle of the tripping outlet terminal block, and withdrawing the protection outlet hard pressure plate" are used to form obvious electrical opening and closing points on the physical circuit to prevent malfunction of operating equipment during maintenance.

[0060] Unlike conventional substations, the secondary circuits of smart substations are all presented in the form of invisible virtual circuits and rely on optical fibers to realize network communication of digital signals, so the secondary safety isolation method of "obvious electrical disconnection points" is no longer applicable. The safety isolation of the virtual circuits of smart substations should adopt the "double safety" safety principle. Generally, the corresponding receiving soft pressure plate in the relevant operating device is exited, the corresponding sending soft pressure plate in the maintenance device is exited, and the maintenance pressure plate in the maintenance device is put into use. Methods such as assisting the automatic generation system of secondary safety tickets to automatically complete the automatic matching of the secondary information of the maintenance equipment according to the current maintenance tasks and set rules. The construction of the smart station safety rule base can be divided into the following three steps: 1) Set up smart station security measures rules According to the "Security Regulations for On-site Work of Relay Protection and Grid Safety Automatic Devices in Smart Substations", the rules for compiling secondary safety measures for smart substations are as follows: (1) GOOSE soft pressure plates and export hard pressure plates related to maintenance equipment have been withdrawn; (2) The SV soft pressure plate related to the maintenance equipment has been withdrawn; (3) The forced soft pressure plate of the interval isolation knife switch related to the maintenance equipment has been put into use; (4) The optical fiber loops of SV and GOOSE that cannot be isolated by inserting and withdrawing the soft pressure plate have been unplugged; (5) All intelligent equipment within the maintenance scope (including protection equipment, intelligent terminals, merging units, etc.) have been put into maintenance with hard pressure plates; (6) The CT and PT secondary circuit connectors on the analog input side of the merging unit have been disconnected.

[0061] 2) Compile a smart station security rule base Smart stations generally perform related maintenance work on all IEDs within their range in intervals. If there are omissions or the order of secondary safety measures is reversed during the maintenance process, the operating equipment may malfunction. When preparing the secondary safety measures ticket for the smart station, it is necessary to implement secondary safety measures isolation on the maintenance device according to the maintenance task and the status of the primary equipment, in accordance with the smart station safety measures preparation principles, to ensure that the maintenance period will not affect the operating equipment.

[0062] In order to achieve effective secondary isolation between maintenance equipment and operating equipment, the "General Principles for the Implementation of Secondary Safety Measures" are set as follows: operating equipment takes precedence over maintenance equipment, GOOSE circuits take precedence over SV circuits, and virtual circuits take precedence over hard circuits.

[0063] In practical applications, the rule base includes: Virtual circuit rules: GOOSE / SV soft pressure plate exits, busbar protection switch forces soft pressure plate to be engaged; Hard circuit rules: the hard pressure plate at the intelligent terminal outlet is withdrawn, the optical fiber is pulled out, and the CT / PT connector is disconnected; Rule priority coding: Assign priority according to the fields of "operating equipment takes precedence over maintenance equipment, IED coding, GOOSE circuit takes precedence over SV circuit, virtual circuit takes precedence over hard circuit"; The coding fields on the security measures clause are written according to the priority principle of secondary security measures execution; The coding field includes the maintenance status of the executed equipment, the equipment IED sequence code, the virtual terminal link type, and the virtual and real type of the isolation circuit.

[0064] Another way to say the rules in the rule base is: Rule 1: Exit the GOOSE receiving and sending soft pressure plates related to the maintenance equipment in the running equipment; Rule 2: If the primary equipment stops operating, the SV receiving soft pressure plate related to the maintenance equipment in the running equipment will be exited; if the primary equipment is actually running, the protection status of the corresponding running equipment will be changed to signal; For example: when the line is actually running and only the merging unit is being maintained, if the SV soft pressure plate of the interval corresponding to the busbar protection is withdrawn, a differential current will be formed, causing the busbar protection to malfunction; if the SV receiving soft pressure plate of the interval corresponding to the busbar protection is not withdrawn, the merging unit of this interval will directly lock all busbar protection functions after the maintenance pressure plate is put into use; considering the above, when only the merging unit is being operated to carry out maintenance work, the protection status of the relevant operating equipment in this operating interval needs to be changed to the signal.

[0065] If it involves the 35 kV conventional configuration part of the 220 kV smart station, it is necessary to manually add and supplement the secondary circuit that needs to be isolated because it is impossible to search for the secondary circuit that needs to be isolated based on the SCD virtual terminal-soft pressure plate configuration database. For example: when the switches on the three sides of the main transformer and the main body are shut down for maintenance, the secondary circuit part related to the low-voltage side (such as the voltage and current sampling circuit, the tripping and closing output circuit) is a cable hard circuit like the conventional station.

[0066] Rule 3: If the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal and the operating equipment related to it is a 220 kV busbar protection, the isolation switch corresponding to the maintenance interval in the busbar protection should be forced to use the soft pressure plate (the premise is that the primary equipment is in operation); Rule 4: Exit the GOOSE receiving and sending soft pressure plates related to the running equipment in the maintenance equipment; Rule 5: If the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal, all its outlet hard pressure plates should be withdrawn and the control power circuit breaker should be opened; if it is an intelligent terminal in a 220 kV line interval, the outlet hard pressure plate (if any) that locks the reclosing function of another set of intelligent terminals in this interval should also be withdrawn; Rule 6: Pull out the SV and GOOSE optical fibers in the maintenance equipment that cannot be isolated from the operating equipment by the soft pressure plate; Rule 7: All intelligent equipment (including protection devices, intelligent terminals, merging units, etc.) within the maintenance scope shall be put into maintenance hard pressure plate; Rule 8: If the primary equipment is shut down, disconnect the CT and PT secondary circuit connectors on the analog input side of the merging unit.

[0067] Each secondary safety measure entry automatically generated by matching the configuration database with the rule base is marked with a safety measure execution priority code. The field contents of the safety measure execution priority include: execution equipment maintenance status (operation or maintenance), equipment IED sequence code (such as 1, 2, 3...), virtual terminal link type (GOOSE, SV or None), isolation circuit virtuality and reality type (virtual circuit or hard circuit).

[0068] In actual application, the steps to automatically generate a secondary security ticket are as follows: Maintenance boundary extraction: traverse the virtual circuit of maintenance equipment. If one side of the adjacent equipment is under maintenance and the other side is in operation, it is marked as a circuit to be isolated; Rule matching: using conditional decision rules to match the type of circuit to be isolated with the rule base to generate the security measures; Priority sorting and output: sort the security measures clauses by coding fields, supplement the manual entries of the conventional station hard circuit, and output the security measures ticket containing the virtual and real isolation operations.

[0069] In actual applications, in the step of matching the secondary information of the maintenance equipment, if both sides are maintenance equipment, there is no need for secondary safety isolation; if one side is maintenance equipment and the other side is operating equipment, it is a safety isolation loop to be executed, thereby determining the secondary maintenance isolation boundary.

[0070] That is to say, the IED device to be maintained is determined according to the maintenance task to be performed, and all secondary virtual circuits of the maintenance device are traversed through the configuration database to search for adjacent devices related to the maintenance device. If both are maintenance devices, no secondary safety isolation is required; if one side is a maintenance device and the other side is a running device, it is a safety isolation circuit to be performed, thereby determining the secondary maintenance isolation boundary.

[0071] After sorting the maintenance IED codes, the relevant virtual circuit information of each maintenance IED is searched in the configuration database one by one according to the rule base to match the safety measures rules, and the secondary safety measures clauses are automatically generated and marked with execution priorities. After sorting based on the priority, the secondary safety measures ticket is obtained.

[0072] In practical applications, the steps of associating the GOOSE sending / receiving soft pressure plate with the GOOSE virtual circuit are as follows: After word segmentation of the virtual circuit description text and the soft pressure plate name, the bag-of-words model vector space is constructed, the TF-IDF weight vector is calculated, the best matching soft pressure plate is selected through the cosine similarity threshold, and the association is confirmed after manual verification.

[0073] In actual applications, when the primary equipment is running and the merging unit is under maintenance, if the corresponding SV soft pressure plate of the busbar protection is exited, differential current will occur, and the busbar protection state needs to be switched to signal mode; The conditions for the forced soft pressure plate of the busbar protection knife switch to be put into use are: The intelligent terminal for busbar protection is maintenance equipment of voltage level 220kV and above, and the primary equipment is in operation.

[0074] For the above technical solution, the automatic generation process of the secondary safety ticket is explained by taking the maintenance of the No. 1 main transformer and the three-side switches of the 220 kV centralized transformer as an example: According to the "Standardized Design Specifications for Transformers, High-Voltage Shunt Reactors and Bus Line Protection and Auxiliary Devices", transformers with a voltage level of 220 kV and above should be equipped with two sets of integrated main and backup protection electrical quantity protection (that is, two sets of independent and fully functional electrical quantity protection devices, each set of which includes both main protection and backup protection functions) and one set of non-electrical quantity protection (that is, non-electrical quantity protection device). The two sets of electrical quantity protection devices are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0075] To avoid redundancy, the first set of electrical quantity protection for No. 1 main transformer is now explained. The corresponding related information flow in its SCD file is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3As shown, the specific steps are: Step 1: Visualization of virtual circuits According to the maintenance task of "renovation and maintenance of the main body and three-side switches of No. 1 main transformer", the set of equipment to be repaired is determined as {the first set of protection PT2201A (numbered J1) of the No. 1 main transformer, the first set of 220 kV intelligent terminal IT2201A (numbered J2) of the No. 1 main transformer, the first set of 220 kV merging unit MT2201A (numbered J3) of the No. 1 main transformer, the first set of 110 kV combined and intelligent IT1101A (numbered J4) of the No. 1 main transformer, and the first set of 35 kV combined and intelligent IT3501A (numbered J5) of the No. 1 main transformer}. Note that the number J represents the maintenance equipment, and the smaller the number, the higher the execution priority. In view of the fact that the intelligent terminal of the main transformer No. 1 integrates non-electrical protection and uses on-site secondary cables to directly jump the switches on both sides of the main transformer, and the switches on the three sides of the current main transformer have been modified for maintenance, no safety measures are required to isolate them. Therefore, the intelligent terminal of the main transformer No. 1 is not included in the scope of maintenance equipment.

[0076] Based on the configuration database constructed by the knowledge graph, the IED Name of the above maintenance equipment is input to automatically search for virtual circuit information, and the search results are visualized in the form of a graph structure.

[0077] Step 2: Extraction of inspection boundary information Based on all GOOSE and SV virtual circuits between maintenance equipment and between maintenance equipment and operating equipment automatically searched in the configuration database, the maintenance boundary information is extracted based on the principle of determining the "secondary maintenance isolation boundary" (if both are maintenance equipment, no secondary safety isolation is required; if one side is maintenance equipment and the other side is operating equipment, it is a safety isolation circuit to be executed), that is, the information of GOOSE and SV virtual circuits to be isolated is obtained.

[0078] As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, the operating equipment set related to the equipment set to be repaired is {220kV busbar first set of protection PM2201A (numbered Y1), 220kV busbar first set of merging unit MM2201 (numbered Y2), 110kV busbar protection PM1101 (numbered Y3), 110kV busbar first set of merging unit MM1101 (numbered Y4), 110kV Ⅰ, Ⅱ section busbar intelligent integration IE1101 (numbered Y5), 35kV busbar automatic switching device ZE3501 (numbered Y6). Note that the label Y represents the operating equipment, and the smaller the number, the higher the execution priority.

[0079] Table 1 Information of GOOSE virtual circuit to be isolated

[0080] Table 2 Information of SV virtual circuit to be isolated

[0081] Step 3: Automatically match the configuration database with the security rule base According to the rule base established by the present invention and the "maintenance boundary information extraction result" in step 2, the "conditional decision generation rule (if Conditions then-Result)" is used for rule matching, so that Python programming can process the rules. The process of conditional decision generation rules is: when the condition part of if is met, the execution statement after then will be activated; the if condition part can be composed of multiple conditions in an "and" relationship. The specific execution process of each rule is defined as follows: Rule 1 (virtual circuit): Generate a safety measure {"exit the GOOSE receiving and sending soft pressure plate in the running equipment"} based on the searched GOOSE virtual circuit information between the running equipment and the maintenance equipment; Rule 2 (virtual circuit): Based on the searched SV virtual circuit information between the operating equipment and the maintenance equipment, if {the line interval is out of service, or the main transformer interval is out of service}, then generate a safety measure {"exit the SV receiving soft pressure plate related to the maintenance equipment"}; if {the line interval is in operation, or the main transformer interval is in operation}, then generate a safety measure {"change the operating equipment status from operation to signal"}; Rule 3 (virtual circuit): if {the operating equipment is 220 kV busbar protection} and {the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal} and {the primary equipment is running}, then generate a safety measure {"put the switch corresponding to the maintenance interval in the 220 kV busbar protection into use and force the soft pressure plate"}; Rule 4 (virtual circuit): Generate a security measure {"Exit the GOOSE receiving and sending soft pressure plate in the maintenance equipment"} based on the searched GOOSE virtual circuit information between the operating equipment and the maintenance equipment; Rule 5 (hard circuit): if {the maintenance equipment is a smart terminal}, then generate a safety measure {"exit all the hard pressure plates at the outlets of the smart terminal and pull open the corresponding control power circuit breaker"}; if {the smart terminal belongs to a 220 kV line interval}, then generate a safety measure {"exit the hard pressure plate at the outlets that locks the reclosing function of another smart terminal"}; Rule 6 (hard loop): if {it is found that the GOOSE and SV virtual loops between the maintenance equipment and the operating equipment do not have any receiving and sending soft pressure plates} and {the sending device is the maintenance equipment} and {the receiving device is the operating equipment}, then generate the action {"unplug the optical fiber corresponding to the virtual loop between the maintenance equipment and the operating equipment"}; Rule 7 (hard loop): Generate a safety measure {“put in hard pressure plate for maintenance of protection equipment, intelligent terminal, and merging unit”} based on the input maintenance equipment name (such as protection device, intelligent terminal, and merging unit); Rule 8 (hard circuit): if {the line interval is out of service, or the main transformer interval is out of service}, then generate the safety measure {"disconnect the CT and PT secondary circuit connectors on the analog input side of the merging unit corresponding to the outage interval"}; Take the matching process of rule 1 as an example: search for GOOSE virtual circuits where the sending device or receiving device is a running device in Table 1, and generate the secondary safety measure "Exit 220kV first set of bus differential protection to start #1 main transformer failure joint trip GOOSE export soft pressure plate 1LP76" according to the searched first GOOSE virtual circuit, and mark the execution priority as "running·Y1·GOOSE·virtual circuit". After all the GOOSE virtual circuit information of running devices involved in rule 1 is matched, the next rule matching is executed until all matching is completed.

[0082] Step 4: Secondary security measures are automatically generated After automatically searching and matching the configuration information of all rules in the rule base in the corresponding configuration database, the corresponding secondary safety measures and execution priorities of each rule are obtained. Priority sorting rules: sort by field level by level, operation takes precedence over maintenance, equipment IED sequence code numbers with small numbers take precedence over large numbers, GOOSE takes precedence over SV (SV takes precedence over None), and virtual circuits take precedence over hard circuits.

[0083] After sorting all the automatically generated secondary safety measures clauses according to the execution priority, the main contents of the secondary safety measures ticket under this maintenance task are finally obtained as shown in Table 3. At the same time, the secondary standard safety measures ticket is used to supplement the relevant secondary safety measures information for the 35kV conventional configuration part, which has been marked in bold font in the table.

[0084] Table 3 Secondary safety measures for main transformer and three-side switches during maintenance

[0085] Example 2: Another technical subject of the present invention: a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store program codes, and the instructions in the program code execute the method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graphs and rule bases as described in Example 1.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. In the above embodiments, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base, characterized in that: Build the configuration database of IED virtual circuit based on SCD file and knowledge graph; Collect secondary safety measures standards and set rules for their compilation; Based on the compilation rules, a rule base for secondary safety measures is constructed, wherein the rule base includes priority rules and soft pressure plate operation rules; Based on the configuration database and rule base, and combined with the maintenance tasks to be performed, match the secondary information of the maintenance equipment; Based on the configuration database and the rule base, a secondary safety ticket is automatically generated, wherein the secondary safety ticket includes safety clauses including the execution device status, the virtual terminal link type and the isolation loop type generated according to the priority.

2. According to the method for automatically generating secondary safety ticket for smart substation based on knowledge graph and rule base in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The steps to build the configuration database are: SCD file parsing: Read and parse the SCD file based on the parsing tool to obtain virtual circuit configuration information, which includes the IED virtual terminal table and the IED soft pressure plate list; Based on the IED virtual terminal table, distinguish between SV links and GOOSE links, and obtain the IED fiber link table and soft pressure plate configuration; Semi-automatic association of soft pressure plate: SV receiving soft pressure plate is manually associated with SV virtual loop routing; GOOSE sending and receiving soft pressure plates are automatically associated with GOOSE virtual circuits based on the TF-IDF algorithm combined with cosine similarity; Physical circuit association: Based on the port configuration and fiber link table in the SCD file, establish the mapping relationship between the virtual circuit and the physical fiber; Knowledge graph construction: Use graph database to store virtual circuit information, and achieve structured storage and visual retrieval through data preprocessing, rule extraction, entity alignment and relationship fusion.

3. The method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The compilation rules include: Exit the maintenance equipment related GOOSE / SV receiving soft pressure plate; If the primary device is running, switch the protection state to signal mode; Confirm that GOOSE has exited sending soft press plates and exporting hard press plates; Unplug the optical fiber loop that cannot be isolated by the soft pressure plate; When the maintenance equipment is an intelligent terminal and the primary equipment is in operation, the busbar protection switch is forced to use the soft pressure plate; Put the maintenance equipment into maintenance, repair the hard pressure plate and disconnect the control power supply; Make sure that the forced soft pressure plates of the isolation switches of all intelligent devices within the maintenance range have been put into use; When the primary equipment is shut down, disconnect the CT / PT secondary circuit connector on the analog input side of the merging unit.

4. The automatic generation method of secondary safety ticket for intelligent substation based on knowledge graph and rule base according to claim 3 is characterized in that The rule base includes: Virtual circuit rules: GOOSE / SV soft pressure plate exits, busbar protection switch forces soft pressure plate to be engaged; Hard circuit rules: the hard pressure plate at the intelligent terminal outlet is withdrawn, the optical fiber is pulled out, and the CT / PT connector is disconnected; Rule priority coding: assign priority according to the fields "operating equipment takes precedence over maintenance equipment, IED coding, GOOSE circuit takes precedence over SV circuit, virtual circuit takes precedence over hard circuit"; The coding fields on the security measures clause are written according to the priority principle of secondary security measures execution; The coding field includes the maintenance status of the executed equipment, the equipment IED sequence code, the virtual terminal link type, and the virtual and real type of the isolation circuit.

5. According to claim 4, the method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base is characterized in that: Steps to automatically generate a secondary security ticket: Maintenance boundary extraction: traverse the virtual circuit of maintenance equipment. If one side of the adjacent equipment is under maintenance and the other side is in operation, it is marked as a circuit to be isolated; Rule matching: using conditional decision rules to match the type of circuit to be isolated with the rule base to generate the security measures; Priority sorting and output: sort the security measures clauses by coding fields, supplement the manual entries of the conventional station hard circuit, and output the security measures ticket containing the virtual and real isolation operations.

6. The method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the step of matching the secondary information of the maintenance equipment, if both sides are maintenance equipment, there is no need for secondary safety isolation; if one side is maintenance equipment and the other side is operating equipment, it is a safety isolation loop to be executed, thereby determining the secondary maintenance isolation boundary.

7. The method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The steps of associating the GOOSE sending / receiving soft pressure plate with the GOOSE virtual circuit are as follows: After word segmentation of the virtual circuit description text and the soft pressure plate name, the bag-of-words model vector space is constructed, the TF-IDF weight vector is calculated, the best matching soft pressure plate is selected through the cosine similarity threshold, and the association is confirmed after manual verification.

8. The method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the primary equipment is running and the merging unit is under maintenance, if the corresponding SV soft pressure plate of the busbar protection is exited, differential current will occur, and the busbar protection state needs to be switched to signal mode; The conditions for the forced soft pressure plate of the busbar protection knife switch to be put into use are: The intelligent terminal for busbar protection is maintenance equipment of voltage level 220kV and above, and the primary equipment is in operation.

9. The method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The generated secondary security ticket is verified; based on the verification results, the secondary security ticket is supplemented and / or corrected.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code, and the instructions in the program code execute the method for automatically generating secondary safety tickets for smart substations based on knowledge graph and rule base as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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