Head-mounted display
By using a target microlens that deviate from the central axis and a target prism that gradually increases the spacing between the incident and exit surfaces in the head-mounted display, the problem of invisible areas caused by the microlens array in the prior art is solved, and a more efficient light deflection and image display effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510334380.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing head-mounted displays, due to the flat arrangement of the microlens array, some of the displayed light cannot be fully focused on the user's field of view, resulting in invisible areas, reducing the image display effect and user experience.
A head-mounted display is designed to deflect and refract the display light by ensuring that the light coincides or approximately coincides, thereby reducing invisible areas by deflecting or approximately overlapping the light.
It significantly reduces the size of the invisible area, improves the screen utilization rate and image display effect, and enhances the user experience.
Smart Images
Figure CN120122339A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of head-mounted displays, and particularly relates to a head-mounted display. Background Art
[0002] A head-mounted display is a technical product that integrates a display device on a head-mounted device, which can precisely control and modulate light, provide clear and realistic display images for users, and improve the user experience.
[0003] Currently, in a head-mounted display, since the microlens array is arranged in a flat manner and the central axes of the microlenses in the microlens array are parallel, after some display light passes through each microlens, it cannot be completely focused within the field of view of the user's human eye, resulting in invisible regions between some images, reducing the display effect of the images and the user experience. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a head-mounted display that can reduce light deviation, effectively reduce the size of invisible regions in the displayed image, and improve the utilization rate of the screen and the display effect of the image.
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a head-mounted display, including a display and a microlens array. The display is configured to emit display light; the microlens array includes a plurality of microlens components arranged in an array, and each microlens component includes a microlens and a prism, and the prism is located between the corresponding microlens and the display; wherein, the microlens component includes a target microlens component that deviates from the central axis of the microlens array, the target microlens component includes a target microlens, the target microlenses each have a first end far from the central axis of the microlens array and a second end close to the central axis, the first end of the target microlens is closer to the display than the second end, and / or, the target microlens component includes a target prism, and along the direction from the edge to the central axis of the microlens array, the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism gradually increases.
[0006] In some embodiments, the exit surface of the prism is perpendicular to the central axis, and the incident surface of the target prism is inclined with respect to the exit surface of the target prism.
[0007] In some embodiments, the target prism is a right-angled prism.
[0008] In some embodiments, the angle between the incident surface and the exit surface of any target prism satisfies the following relationship:
[0009] n 1 ·sin(δ 1 ) = n 2 ·sin(ε1 )(1),
[0010] n 1 ·sin(θ 1 -δ 1 ) = n 2 ·sin(ε 2 )(2),
[0011] ε 1 -ε 2 = γ 1 +θ 1 (3), or,
[0012] n 1 ·sin(δ 1 ) = n 2 ·sin(ε 1 )(1),
[0013] n 1 ·sin(δ 1 -θ 1 ) = n 2 ·sin(ε 2 )(4),
[0014] ε 1 +ε 2 = γ 1 +θ 1 (5),
[0015] wherein, θ 1 is the included angle of any one of the target prisms, γ 1 is the included angle between the incident light and the outgoing light of any one of the target prisms, ε 1 is the included angle between the outgoing light of any one of the target prisms and the normal vector of the outgoing surface, ε 2 is the included angle between the incident light of any one of the target prisms and the normal vector of the incident surface, δ 1 is the included angle between the refracted light of any one of the target prisms and the normal vector of the outgoing surface, n 1 is the refractive index of any one of the target prisms, n 2 is the refractive index of air.
[0016] In some embodiments, the head-mounted display includes a display and a microlens array. The display is configured to emit display light. The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array. The microlenses include target microlenses that deviate from the central axis of the microlens array. Each target microlens has a first end away from the central axis of the microlens array and a second end close to the central axis. And the first end of the target microlens is closer to the display than the second end.
[0017] In some embodiments, the microlenses and / or prisms symmetrically distributed about the central axis are arranged axially symmetrically.
[0018] In some embodiments, the incident surface of each microlens is an aspherical surface;
[0019] The exit surface of each microlens is a plane, or the exit surface of each microlens is a spherical surface.
[0020] In some embodiments, the lens deflection angle of any target microlens satisfies the following relationship, where the target microlens is any microlens deflected towards the central axis:
[0021] α 3 = α 1 + β 1 (6),
[0022] α 4 = α 2 + β 1 - γ 1 (7),
[0023] n 3 ·sin(α 3 ) = n 2 ·sin(α 4 )(8),
[0024] where β 1 is the lens deflection angle of any target microlens, α 1 is the angle between the refracted ray of any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface when the optical axes of all any target microlenses are parallel, α 2 is the angle between the incident ray entering any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface when the optical axes of all any target microlenses are parallel, α 3 is the angle between the refracted ray of any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface after the deflection of any target microlens, α 4 is the angle between the incident ray of any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface after the deflection of any target microlens, γ 1 is the angle by which the exit ray of any target microlens is deflected, n 3 is the refractive index of any target microlens, n 2 is the refractive index of air.
[0025] In some embodiments, the angle by which the exit ray of any target microlens is deflected satisfies the following relationship:
[0026]
[0027] where γ2 is the deflection angle of the outgoing light of any one of the target microlenses. The point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) is the intersection point of the second end of any one of the target microlenses and the first end of the adjacent microlens when the optical axes of all the microlenses are parallel. The point (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) is the intersection point of the marginal light path of the second end of any one of the target microlenses and the outgoing surface of the display when the optical axes of all the microlenses are parallel. The point (x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) is the intersection point of the marginal light path of the first end of the adjacent microlens and the outgoing surface of the display when the optical axes of all the microlenses are parallel. is the vector from the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the point (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ). is the vector from the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the point (x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ).
[0028] In some embodiments, the distance between the sub-display areas corresponding to any two adjacent target microlenses on the display is less than a preset distance.
[0029] The head-mounted display of the present application includes the display and the microlens array of any one of the above embodiments. The display is disposed opposite to the incident surface of the microlens array, and the outgoing surface of the microlens array faces the user's eyes.
[0030] The head-mounted display provided by the embodiments of the present application deflects the light rays incident on the incident surface of the microlens array by the respective microlens components in the microlens array, so that the light rays emerging from the edges of any two adjacent microlenses coincide or approximately coincide. Furthermore, the size of the invisible area between any two adjacent sub-display areas is significantly reduced, effectively improving the screen utilization rate and the image display quality, and enhancing the user experience.
[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the embodiments of the present application. Description of the Drawings
[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display when the optical axes of traditional microlenses are parallel;
[0034] Figure 2 is a display schematic diagram of an analog head-mounted display screen obtained by backward tracing of light rays based on the parallel optical axes of traditional microlenses;
[0035] Figure 3 is a first vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0036] Figure 4 is a second vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0037] Figure 5 is a third vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0038] Figure 6 is a first refraction schematic diagram of a prism of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0039] Figure 7 is a second refraction schematic diagram of a prism of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0040] Figure 8 is a fourth vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0041] Figure 9 is a fifth vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application;
[0042] Figure 10 is a sixth vertical structure diagram of a head-mounted display according to some embodiments of the present application.
[0043] Att Figure 3-10 Marking description of
[0044] Head-mounted display 200, display 210, microlens array 220, target microlens 221, non-target microlens 222, target prism 223, non-target prism 224, microlens assembly 225, target microlens assembly 226, non-target microlens assembly 227, first edge optical path 11, second edge optical path 12, incident light ray 13, refracted light ray 14, outgoing light ray 15. Detailed implementation manners
[0045] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
[0046] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
[0047] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , currently, in the traditional head-mounted display 100, the microlens array 20 generally uses a flat arrangement of each microlens 21 for light transmission. Among them, the central axes of the microlenses 21 are parallel to each other, the exit surfaces of all the microlenses 21 are located on the same plane and face the user's eyes, and the entrance surface of each microlens 21 is usually a curved surface, resulting in different surface normal vectors at different positions on the entrance surface of each microlens 21.
[0049] In this case, the display light emitted by the display 10 is refracted when passing through the entrance surface of each microlens 21, and then refracted again at the exit surface. Since the surface normal vectors of any two adjacent microlenses 21 are different, the refraction of the display light when entering any two adjacent microlenses 21 is quite different. Therefore, there is an optical path deviation between the first edge optical path 11 of any microlens 21 and the second edge optical path 12 of the adjacent microlens 22, resulting in a sub-display area corresponding to each microlens on the display image of the display and an invisible area located between two adjacent sub-display areas.
[0050] Among them, the "invisible area" means that the light emitted by the displayed image in this area cannot enter the human eye through the microlens array, resulting in this area being invisible; if the light emitted by the displayed image is simulated in reverse, these "invisible areas" will form black areas in two adjacent sub-display areas of the virtual display screen (please refer to Figure 2 ), reducing the utilization rate of the screen and affecting the overall visual effect.
[0051] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figure 3 , an embodiment of the present application provides a head-mounted display 200.
[0052] In some embodiments, the head-mounted display 200 includes a display 210 and a microlens array 220. The display 210 is used to emit display light. The microlens array 220 includes a plurality of microlens components 225 arranged in an array, and each microlens component 225 includes a microlens and a prism 223, and each prism 223 is respectively located between the corresponding microlens and the display 210.
[0053] Further, all the microlenses are divided into target microlenses 221 and non-target microlenses 222. Among them, the target microlens 221 deviates from the central axis of the microlens array 220, has a first end far from the central axis of the microlens array 220 and a second end close to the central axis, and the first end of the target microlens 221 is closer to the display 210 than the second end, that is, the target microlens 221 deflects towards the central axis of the microlens array 220 (refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 for the microlenses located at the uppermost and lowermost sides). The non-target microlenses 222 are substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the microlens array 220 (refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 for the microlenses located in the middle, and Figure 4 , Figure 5 for all the microlenses).
[0054] Further, in some of these embodiments, all the prisms can be target prisms 223 (refer to Figure 4 ). Along the direction from the edge of the microlens array 220 to the central axis, the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism 223 gradually increases. In some other embodiments, all the prisms can be divided into target prisms 223 and non-target prisms 224. Along the direction from the edge of the microlens array 220 to the central axis, the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism 223 gradually increases (refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 for the prisms located at the uppermost and lowermost sides); the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the non-target prism 224 is equal everywhere (refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The prism located in the middle). In some other embodiments, all the prisms can be non-target prisms 224, and the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the non-target prism 224 is equal everywhere (refer to Figure 8 ).
[0055] In some embodiments, the microlens assembly 225 includes a target microlens assembly 226, and the target microlens assembly 226 deviates from the central axis of the microlens array 220. For example, when the number of microlens assemblies 225 included in the microlens array 220 is even, such as the 2×2 microlens array 220 or the 4×4 microlens array 220, all the microlens assemblies 225 deviate from the central axis of the microlens array 220, that is, all the microlens assemblies 225 are target microlens assemblies 226.
[0056] In some other embodiments, the microlens assembly 225 includes a non-target microlens assembly 227 and a target microlens assembly 226. The non-target microlens assembly 227 is located on the central axis of the microlens array 220, and the target microlens assembly 226 deviates from the central axis of the microlens array 220. For example, when the number of microlens assemblies 225 included in the microlens array 220 is odd, such as the 3×3 microlens array 220 (refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 ), the microlens assembly 225 located on the central axis of the microlens array 220 is the non-target microlens assembly 227, and the remaining microlens assemblies 225 are target microlens assemblies 226.
[0057] Furthermore, the target microlens assembly 226 includes a target microlens 221 and / or a target prism 223. This means that the microlens assembly 225 including the target microlens 221, the microlens assembly 225 including the target prism 223, and the microlens assembly 225 including both the target microlens 221 and the target prism 223 are all target microlens assemblies 226, and there is no limitation on whether the target microlens assembly 226 includes a non-target microlens 222 or a non-target prism 224. That is to say, when the target microlens assembly 226 includes the target microlens 221, it can also include the non-target prism 224 (refer to Figure 8 ); when the target microlens assembly 226 includes the target prism 223, it can also include the non-target microlens 222 (refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 ).
[0058] The incident surface of each microlens is an aspherical surface; the exit surface of each microlens is a plane (refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 ), or the exit surface of each microlens is a spherical surface (refer to Figure 3 ,Figure 8 and Figure 9 )
[0059] Please refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, all the microlenses are non-target microlenses 222, and each microlens is perpendicular to the central axis of the microlens array 220. Moreover, the incident surface of each microlens is an aspherical surface, and the exit surface of each microlens is a plane. The prism located on the central axis of the microlens array 220 is a non-target prism 224, and the rest are target prisms 223. In some other embodiments, the non-target prism 224 located on the central axis of the microlens array 220 can also be omitted (refer to Figure 4 )
[0060] The microlens assembly 225 includes a non-target microlens assembly 227 and a target microlens assembly 226. The non-target microlens assembly 227 is located on the central axis of the microlens array 220, so that the propagation direction of the light does not deflect after passing through the non-target microlens assembly 227; the target microlens assembly 226 deviates from the central axis of the microlens array 220, so that each display light entering the non-target microlens 222 first deflects by a first optical path deflection angle (the first optical path deflection angle is the included angle between the incident light and the exit light of any target prism required) toward the central axis of the microlens array 220 through the target prism 223
[0061] It can be understood that, in addition to the incident surface and the exit surface, the prisms involved in the present invention may also include other surfaces, and no limitation is imposed on the surface types of other surfaces of the prisms. Further, in order to facilitate the reverse simulation of the display light, the exit surface of the target prism 223 is perpendicular to the central axis of the microlens array 220, and the incident surface of the target prism 223 is inclined to its exit surface
[0062] Further, the target prism 223 is a right prism. The surface perpendicular to the central axis of the microlens array 220 in the right prism is the exit surface of the target prism 223; the inclined surface of the right prism is inclined to the perpendicular to the central axis of the microlens array 220, and the inclined surface of the right prism is the incident surface of the target prism 223
[0063] Along the direction from the edge to the central axis of the microlens array 220, the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism 223 gradually increases. In this way, it is ensured that the display light (i.e., the incident light 13) can coincide (or approximately coincide) with the adjacent display light (i.e., the second edge optical path 12) entering the user's eye after passing through the microlens corresponding to the target prism 223, significantly reducing the size of the black area in the virtual display screen and improving the light transmission efficiency and the display effect of the screen
[0064] The included angle between the incident surface and the exit surface of any target prism 223 satisfies the following relationship
[0065] n 1 ·sin(δ 1 )=n 2 ·sin(ε 1 )(1),
[0066] n 1 ·sin(θ 1 -δ 1 )=n 2 ·sin(ε 2 )(2),
[0067] ε 1 -ε 2 =γ 1 +θ 1 (3) or
[0068] n 1 ·sin(δ 1 )=n 2 ·sin(ε 1 )(1)
[0069] n 1 ·sin(δ 1 -θ 1 )=n 2 ·sin(ε 2 )(4),
[0070] ε 1 +ε 2 =γ 1 +δ 1 (5)
[0071] Among them, δ 1 is the angle of any target prism 223, γ 1 is the angle between the incident light 13 and the outgoing light 15 of any target prism 223. 1 , γ 1 is called the first light path deflection angle, ε 1 is the angle between the outgoing light 15 of any target prism 223 and the normal vector of the outgoing surface, ε 2 is the angle between the incident light 13 of any target prism 223 and the normal vector of the incident surface, δ 1 is the angle between the refracted light 14 of any target prism 223 and the normal vector of the exit surface, n 1 is the refractive index of any target prism 223, n 2 is the refractive index of air.
[0072] See also Figure 6, in some embodiments, the incident light 13 of the target prism 223 is located between the normal vector of the incident surface and the central axis of the microlens array 220, and the angle between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism 223 satisfies the relationship among formulas (1), (2), and (3).
[0073] Please refer to Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the incident light 13 of the target prism 223 is located between the normal vector of the incident surface and the angle, the normal vector of the incident surface is located between the incident light 13 and the central axis of the microlens array 220, and the angle between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism 223 satisfies the relationship among formulas (1), (4), and (5).
[0074] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the first optical path deflection angle γ of any target prism 223 1 satisfies the following relationship:
[0075]
[0076] where γ 1 is the first optical path deflection angle, the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) is the intersection point of the second end of any microlens and the first end of the adjacent microlens when the optical axes of the microlenses are parallel, the point (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) is the intersection point of the incident light 13 of the second end of any microlens and the exit surface of the display 210 when the optical axes of the microlenses are parallel, the point (x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ) is the intersection point of the second edge optical path 12 of the first end of the adjacent microlens and the exit surface of the display 210 when the optical axes of the microlenses are parallel, is the vector from the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the point (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ), is the vector from the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the point (x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ).
[0077] Thus, after the display light emitted by the display 210 passes through any target prism 223, the outgoing light 15 leaving the target prism 223 will deflect by a corresponding first optical path deflection angle toward the central axis of the microlens array 220 compared to the incident light 13 entering the target prism 223. As a result, after the display light passes through the microlens corresponding to the prism 223, it can coincide (or approximately coincide) with the adjacent display light entering the user's eye (i.e., the incident light 13 coincides or approximately coincides with the optical path of the second edge optical path 12 leaving the microlens array 220), significantly reducing the size of the black area in the virtual display screen and improving the display effect and the utilization rate of the screen.
[0078] The prisms symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220 are axially symmetrically arranged. The core parameters are that the types of the target prisms 223 symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220, and the included angles between the incident surface and the outgoing surface are the same. So that the microlens components 225 symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220 can make the display light converge toward the central axis of the microlens array 220, significantly reducing the size of the black area in the virtual display screen and enhancing the display effect.
[0079] Please refer to Figure 8 , in some embodiments, each prism is a non-target prism 224, that is, it does not change the propagation direction of the display light passing through the prism 223. The microlens located on the central axis of the microlens array 220 is a non-target microlens 222, and the rest are target microlenses 221. After the target microlenses 221 are deflected, the first ends of the respective target microlenses 221 are closer to the display 210 than the second ends.
[0080] Among them, for the target microlens 221 located at the uppermost end, the first end is the upper end and the second end is the lower end; for the target microlens 221 located at the lowermost end, the first end is the lower end and the second end is the upper end. In some other embodiments, each prism can also be omitted (refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 ).
[0081] The incident surfaces of the respective microlenses are aspherical. The outgoing surfaces of the respective microlenses are spherical. In other embodiments, the outgoing surfaces of the respective microlenses are planar.
[0082] The lens deflection angle of any target microlens 221 satisfies the following relationship:
[0083] α 3 = α 1 + β 1 (6),
[0084] α 4 = α 2 + β 1 - γ 2(7),
[0085] n 3 ·sin(α 3 ) = n 2 ·sin(α 4 )(8),
[0086] where β 1 is the lens deflection angle of any target microlens 221, α 1 is the angle between the refracted ray 14 of any target microlens 221 and the edge normal vector of the incident surface when the optical axes of all target microlenses 221 are parallel, α 2 is the angle between the incident ray 13 entering any target microlens 221 and the edge normal vector of the incident surface when the optical axes of all target microlenses 221 are parallel, α 3 is the angle between the refracted ray 14 of any target microlens 221 and the edge normal vector of the incident surface after the deflection of any target microlens 221, α 4 is the angle between the incident ray 13 of any target microlens 221 and the edge normal vector of the incident surface after the deflection of any target microlens 221, γ 2 is the deflection angle of the outgoing ray of any target microlens, n 3 is the refractive index of any target microlens 221, n 2 is the refractive index of air.
[0087] where the deflection angle γ 2 of the outgoing ray of any target microlens 221 satisfies the following relationship:
[0088]
[0089] where γ 2 is the deflection angle of the outgoing ray of any target microlens 221. For the convenience of describing γ 2 , γ 2 is called the second optical path deflection angle. The point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) is the intersection point of the second end of any target microlens 221 and the first end of the adjacent microlens when the optical axes of all microlenses are parallel. The point (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) is the intersection point of the first edge optical path 11 of the second end of any target microlens 221 and the outgoing surface of the display 210 when the optical axes of all microlenses are parallel. The point (x 2 , t 2 , z 2)When the optical axes of the respective microlenses are parallel, it is the intersection point of the second edge optical path 12 of the first ends of adjacent microlenses and the exit surface of the display 210. is the vector from the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the point (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ). is the vector from the point (x 0 , y 0 , z 0 ) to the point (x 2 , y 2 , z 2 ).
[0090] The microlenses that are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220 are arranged axially symmetrically, and the core parameters are that the surface shapes of the microlenses that are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220 and the angles of deflection towards the central axis are the same.
[0091] In this way, the target microlens 221 deflects by the corresponding lens deflection angle, causing the first edge optical path 11 entering the target microlens 221 to deflect by the corresponding second optical path deflection angle towards the central axis of the microlens array 220, making the first edge optical path 11 coincide (or approximately coincide) with the second edge optical path 12, significantly reducing the size of the black area in the virtual display screen and improving the screen utilization rate and the display effect of the image.
[0092] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , in some embodiments, the target microlens 221 deflects, and the first ends of the respective target microlenses 221 are closer to the display 210 than the second ends. And along the direction from the edge of the microlens array 220 to the central axis, the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism 223 gradually increases.
[0093] The incident surface of each microlens is an aspherical surface, and the exit surface of each microlens is a spherical surface. In other embodiments, the exit surface of each microlens is a plane.
[0094] The lens deflection angle of any target microlens 221 satisfies a part of the lens deflection angle of the corresponding embodiment above, such that the second optical path deflection angle corresponding to the target microlens 221 satisfies a part of the second optical path deflection angle of the corresponding embodiment above; the included angle between the incident surface and the exit surface of any target prism 223 makes the first optical path deflection angle corresponding to the target prism 223 satisfy a part of the first optical path deflection angle of the corresponding embodiment above. Figure 8 Figure 6 Figure 3 Figure 3
[0095]
[0095] The target microlens 221 deflects the corresponding lens deflection angle, plus the first optical path deflection angle of the display light caused by the target prism 223, achieving the same effect as Figure 5 the first optical path deflection angle of the corresponding embodiment, or Figure 8 the effect of the second optical path deflection angle of the corresponding embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.
[0096] In this way, the target microlens 221 deflects the corresponding lens deflection angle, plus the first optical path deflection angle of the display light (i.e., the first edge optical path 11) caused by the target prism 223, so that after the display light leaves the first end (or the second end) of the microlens, it can overlap (or approximately overlap) the optical path with the display light (i.e., the second edge optical path 12) that leaves the second end (or the corresponding first end) of the adjacent microlens (i.e., the first edge optical path 11 coincides or approximately coincides with the second edge optical path 12), thereby significantly reducing the size of the black area in the virtual display screen and improving the screen utilization rate and the display effect of the image.
[0097] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , in some embodiments, the microlens array 220 includes a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array and does not include a prism. The microlens includes a target microlens 221 that deviates from the central axis of the microlens array 220. Each target microlens 221 has a first end far from the central axis of the microlens array 220 and a second end close to the central axis. The first end is closer to the display 210 than the second end.
[0098] The incident surface of each microlens is an aspherical surface, and the exit surface of each microlens is a spherical surface (refer to Figure 9 ). In some other embodiments, the exit surface of each microlens is a flat surface (refer to Figure 10 ).
[0099] The lens deflection angle of any target microlens 221 satisfies the relationships of the above formulas (6), (7), and (8).
[0100] Among them, the second optical path deflection angle of any target microlens 221 satisfies the relationships of the above formulas (9), (10), (11), and (12).
[0101] The microlenses symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220 are axially symmetrically arranged. The core parameters are that the surface types of the microlenses symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the microlens array 220 and the angles of deflection towards the central axis are the same.
[0102] In this way, each target microlens 221 deflects the corresponding lens deflection angle, so that the display light (i.e., the first edge light path 11) entering the target microlens 221 is deflected toward the central axis of the microlens array 220 by the corresponding second light path deflection angle, so that the first edge light path 11 coincides with (or approximately coincides with) the second edge light path 12, which significantly reduces the size of the black area in the virtual display screen and improves the screen utilization and image display effect.
[0103] In some embodiments, the distance between the sub-display areas corresponding to any two adjacent target micro-lenses 221 on the display 210 is smaller than a preset distance.
[0104] The preset distance is a length set based on experience and may be 5% of the length or width of the sub-display area.
[0105] The virtual display screen is the imaging surface of the target microlens 221 at a preset distance from the display 210, that is, the display surface of the display 210. The smaller the distance between the edges of adjacent sub-display areas (each sub-display area corresponds to a microlens) in the virtual display screen, the smaller the invisible black area, and the distance between the edges is less than the preset distance, which can intuitively show that the screen utilization rate and the image display effect are improved.
[0106] The above analysis is conducted for the structure in which the microlens components 225 in the microlens array 220 are arranged vertically. In the case in which the microlens components 225 in the microlens array 220 are arranged horizontally, the principle is basically similar and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition.
[0107] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "certain embodiments", "in an example", "exemplarily", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.
[0108] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A head mounted display, characterized in that: include: A display, the display being used to emit display light; and A microlens array, wherein the microlens array comprises a plurality of microlens components arranged in an array, wherein the microlens components comprise microlenses and prisms, wherein the prisms are located between corresponding microlenses and the display; The microlens assembly comprises a target microlens assembly deviating from the central axis of the microlens array, the target microlens assembly comprises a target microlens, each of the target microlenses has a first end away from the central axis of the microlens array and a second end close to the central axis, the first end of the target microlens is closer to the display than the second end, and / or the target microlens assembly comprises a target prism, and the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the target prism gradually increases along the direction from the edge of the microlens array to the central axis.
2. The head mounted display according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exit surface of the target prism is perpendicular to the central axis, and the incident surface of the target prism is inclined to the exit surface of the target prism.
3. The head mounted display according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target prism is a right-angle prism.
4. The head mounted display according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the incident surface and the exit surface of any target prism satisfies the following relationship: n1·sin(δ1)=n2·sin(ε1)(1), n1·sin(θ1-δ1)=n2·sin(ε2)(2), ε1-ε2=γ1+θ1(3), or n1·sin(δ1)=n2·sin(ε1)(1), n1·sin(δ1-θ1)=n2·sin(ε2)(4), ε1+ε2=γ1+θ1(5), Among them, θ1 is the angle of any target prism, γ1 is the angle between the incident light and the outgoing light of any target prism, ε1 is the angle between the outgoing light of any target prism and the normal vector of the exit surface, ε2 is the angle between the incident light of any target prism and the normal vector of the incident surface, δ1 is the angle between the refracted light of any target prism and the normal vector of the exit surface, n1 is the refractive index of any target prism, and n2 is the refractive index of air.
5. A head mounted display, characterized in that: include: A display, the display being used to emit display light; and A microlens array, wherein the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses arranged in an array, wherein the microlenses include target microlenses that deviate from the central axis of the microlens array, each target microlens has a first end away from the central axis of the microlens array and a second end close to the central axis, and the first end of the target microlens is closer to the display than the second end.
6. The head mounted display according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The microlenses and / or prisms symmetrically distributed about the central axis are arranged in an axisymmetric manner.
7. The head mounted display according to claim 6, characterized in that: The incident surface of each of the microlenses is an aspherical surface; The emission surface of each microlens is a plane, or the emission surface of each microlens is a spherical surface.
8. The head mounted display according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lens deflection angle of any of the target microlenses satisfies the following relationship: α3＝α1+β1(6)， α4=α2+β1-γ2(7), n3·sin(α3)=n2·sin(α4)(8), Wherein, β1 is the lens deflection angle of any target microlens, α1 is the angle between the refracted light of any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface when the optical axes of each of the target microlenses are parallel, α2 is the angle between the incident light entering any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface when the optical axes of each of the target microlenses are parallel, α3 is the angle between the refracted light of any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface after deflection by any target microlens, α4 is the angle between the incident light of any target microlens and the edge normal vector of the incident surface after deflection by any target microlens, γ2 is the deflection angle of the outgoing light of any target microlens, n3 is the refractive index of any target microlens, and n2 is the refractive index of air.
9. The head mounted display according to claim 8, characterized in that: The deflection angle of the outgoing light of any target microlens satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, γ2 is the deflection angle of the outgoing light of any target microlens, point (x0, y0, z0) is the intersection point of the second end of any target microlens and the first end of the adjacent microlens when the optical axes of the microlenses are parallel, point (x1, y1, z1) is the intersection point of the edge light path of the second end of any target microlens and the exit surface of the display when the optical axes of the microlenses are parallel, point (x2, y2, z2) is the intersection point of the edge light path of the first end of the adjacent microlens and the exit surface of the display when the optical axes of the microlenses are parallel, is the vector from the point (x0, y0, z0) to the point (x1, y1, z1), is the vector from the point (x0, y0, z0) to the point (x2, y2, z2).
10. The head mounted display according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the sub-display areas corresponding to any two adjacent target micro-lenses on the display is less than a preset distance.