Energy storage capacity configuration method for optimal cost of optical storage and charging system considering carbon tax influence

Abstract

The invention discloses a cost-optimal energy storage capacity configuration method for an optical storage and charging system considering carbon tax influence, and the method comprises the steps: in an optical storage and charging integrated system, aiming at a photovoltaic capacity of a certain scale, combining the charging load demands in a region range where the optical storage and charging integrated system is located, considering the carbon emission in a whole life cycle of the system, and on this basis, configuring the cost-optimal energy storage capacity of the optical storage and charging system. Constructing a cost model in combination with the carbon tax influence; solving the model to obtain an optimal energy storage configuration scheme of the optical storage and charging integrated system; according to the invention, under the condition of certain photovoltaic capacity, in combination with the charging load demand of the optical storage and charging integrated system, the carbon tax influence of the system is fully considered, the energy storage scale is reasonably configured, and the carbon emission generated by the optical storage and charging integrated system is effectively reduced while the economical, efficient and stable operation of the system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy, and more specifically, to a method for configuring the energy storage capacity with the optimal cost of a photovoltaic energy storage charging system considering the impact of carbon tax. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging power stations and systems in the field of new energy have developed rapidly. At present, for the energy storage configuration of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system, based on the simulated photovoltaic output curve and charging load curve, the energy storage configuration is mainly planned and designed by considering factors such as operating costs. According to the current carbon tax regulations, it is clear that it is necessary to improve the relevant planning system for carbon emissions, establish a local carbon emission target evaluation and assessment system, and carry out carbon emission evaluations for fixed asset investment projects. The impact of carbon tax on the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system cannot be ignored. According to national data statistics, the average carbon emission factor of the national power grid in 2023 is 0.5568 t CO 2 / MWh. Taking the 150 kW photovoltaic configuration of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system as an example, the total power generation in 25 years is about 8 million kWh, and the carbon emission during operation is about 4,500 tons, and the carbon tax is about 400,000 yuan.

[0003] The existing patents for the energy storage configuration of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system mainly include: Patent CN 117474252A discloses a method, device, equipment and medium for configuring the energy storage of an integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging power station. By simulating the photovoltaic output curve and charging load curve of the system, a system cost and revenue model is constructed, and the optimal energy storage configuration scheme of the system is obtained by taking the annual average maximum net revenue of the system as the objective function. Patent CN 118677082A discloses a method and device for integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging power distribution. The integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system is divided into a photovoltaic power generation module, a control module and multiple energy storage modules; the discharge parameters of each energy storage module are adjusted according to the historical load data and battery type of each energy storage module; the working state of the energy storage module is controlled based on the discharge parameters, so as to extend the service life of the energy storage module and reduce the maintenance cost. Patent CN 118214089A proposes a multi-objective stochastic optimization capacity configuration method for an integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging DC system. Considering the volatility of photovoltaic power generation and the charging load demand, through modeling and solving, the problems of difficult capacity configuration of photovoltaic and energy storage in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system under unstable photovoltaic power generation and high AC-DC conversion losses of the system are solved, the robustness of the configuration scheme is improved, the AC-DC conversion losses of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage are reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved. The above patents consider the modular analysis of the system, conversion losses or analyze from the perspective of the cost of the equipment itself for the energy storage configuration in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system, but the above patents do not consider the impact of carbon tax when configuring the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic energy storage charging system.

[0004] Equipping with an energy storage device can effectively reduce the impact of the volatility of new energy supply devices in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system on the charging device. With the gradual improvement of the carbon emission market and the continuous emergence of relevant policies, the impact of carbon tax cannot be ignored. When planning energy storage configuration, considering the impact of carbon tax better meets the needs of the times, ensuring the economic efficiency of the system while guaranteeing the high-efficiency and stable operation of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to propose a method for configuring the optimal energy storage capacity with the lowest cost for a photovoltaic energy storage and charging system considering the impact of carbon tax. Considering the impact of carbon tax, an integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system with a cost model including carbon tax is constructed. Taking the optimal value of the system cost model as the objective function and solving based on the constraint conditions during the whole-life cycle operation of the system, an energy storage configuration plan with the lowest cost considering the impact of carbon tax is obtained for the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system when the installed capacity of photovoltaic and the charging load are determined.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for configuring the optimal energy storage capacity with the lowest cost for a photovoltaic energy storage and charging system considering the impact of carbon tax, including:

[0008] Firstly, calculate the total carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system during its whole life cycle; and based on this, construct a cost model including carbon tax within the whole life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system;

[0009] Secondly, taking the optimal value of the cost of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system as the objective function, and combining the photovoltaic power supply curve in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system, the charging load curve in the area where the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system is located, and the characteristic curve of the energy storage module, determine the constraint conditions of the system cost model;

[0010] Finally, solve the system cost model to obtain the best energy storage configuration plan including carbon tax for the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system.

[0011] Furthermore, the total carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system during its whole life cycle include the carbon emissions during the whole life cycle from the production to the recycling of each device in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system, and its calculation process is as follows:

[0012] Q dis-total =Q pro +Q ins +Q ope +Q rec -Q emi

[0013] In the formula: Q dis-total is the total carbon emissions during the whole life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system; Q pro is the carbon emissions during the production stage of the devices in the system; Qins is the carbon emission during the construction and installation stage of the system; Q ope is the carbon emission during the operation and maintenance stage of the system; Q rec is the carbon emission during the recycling stage of the system; Q emi is the carbon emission reduction of the system throughout its life cycle.

[0014] Furthermore, during the calculation of the carbon emission of the integrated PV-storage-charging system throughout its life cycle,

[0015]

[0016] where n is the number of types of equipment in the integrated PV-storage-charging system, and N i represents the quantity of the i-th type of equipment; Q pro-i0 represents the carbon emission during the production stage of the i-th type of equipment. The types of equipment in the integrated PV-storage-charging system include but are not limited to energy supply equipment, charging equipment, energy storage equipment, and related auxiliary equipment types.

[0017]

[0018] where m is the number of types of buildings and equipment in the integrated PV-storage-charging system, and M i represents the quantity of the i-th type of equipment; Q ins-i0 represents the carbon emission during the construction and installation stage of the i-th type of equipment. The types of buildings and equipment in the integrated PV-storage-charging system include but are not limited to functional buildings, energy supply and supporting auxiliary equipment, charging and supporting auxiliary equipment, energy storage and supporting auxiliary equipment, etc.

[0019] During the operation and maintenance of the integrated PV-storage-charging system, the main source of carbon emission is the carbon emission generated during the power generation process of the energy supply equipment, that is

[0020] Q ope = W gen ×Q ope-0

[0021] where W gen represents the electricity generated by the energy supply equipment throughout the life cycle of the integrated PV-storage-charging system; Q ope-0 represents the carbon emission per unit power generation of the energy supply equipment.

[0022]

[0023] where n is the number of types of equipment in the integrated PV-storage-charging system, and N i represents the quantity of the i-th type of equipment; Q rec-i0Represents the carbon emissions during the recycling stage of the i-th type of equipment. The types of equipment in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system include, but are not limited to, energy supply equipment, charging equipment, energy storage equipment, and related auxiliary equipment types.

[0024] Q emi = Q factor ×(W grid + W charge )

[0025] In the formula, Q factor is the average carbon emission factor of the national power grid. According to national data statistics, the average carbon emission factor of the national power grid in 2023 is 0.5568 t CO 2 / MWh; W grid and W charge respectively represent the grid-connected power generation and charging power of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system during its entire life cycle.

[0026] Furthermore, during the entire life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system, the cost model including carbon tax is

[0027] LCC = k×Q dis-total + C inv + C OM + C Eol

[0028] In the formula, k is the carbon tax coefficient, which is set according to market conditions and is usually 40 - 90 yuan / t CO 2 ; C inv , C OM and C Eol respectively represent the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and treatment cost of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system during its entire life cycle.

[0029] Furthermore, the objective function is the minimum cost during the entire life cycle, that is, min(LCC).

[0030] Furthermore, the constraint conditions of the cost model of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system include:

[0031] (1) Output characteristics of energy supply equipment

[0032] When the installed power of the energy supply equipment is constant, its output characteristics are

[0033] P out (t) = n PV * S PV0 ×k pv (t)

[0034] In the formula, P out (t) is the output power generation of the energy supply equipment at time t; n PVIndicates the number of energy supply devices in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system; S PV0 Indicates the initial installed capacity per unit of the energy supply device in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system, k pv (t) represents the conversion efficiency of the energy supply device at time t.

[0035] To ensure the efficient and stable operation of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system, the energy supply device should satisfy

[0036] P cha (t) ≤ P out (t) ≤ P cha (t) + P sto (t)

[0037] In the formula, P cha (t) is the charging power of the charging device at time t; P sto (t) is the energy storage charging power of the energy storage device at time t.

[0038] (2) Load characteristics of the charging device

[0039] The load characteristics of the charging device are based on the number of charging devices n in the area where the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system is located CS and the charging demand to determine the hourly load characteristics curve, obtaining the maximum charging load power P cha-max and the minimum power P cha-min , then there is

[0040] n CS *P cha-min0 ≤ P cha (t) ≤ n CS *P cha-max0

[0041] In the formula, P cha-max0 and P cha-min0 are the maximum power and the minimum power of the charging device respectively. And the maximum charging load power of the charging device in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system should satisfy

[0042] n CS *P cha-max0 ≤ P out-max + n DS *P dis-max0

[0043] In the formula, P out-max represents the maximum output power of the energy supply device, n DS represents the number of energy storage devices in the area where the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system is located, P dis-max0 represents the maximum energy release and discharge power per unit energy storage device.

[0044] (3) Operating characteristics of the energy storage device

[0045] The maximum energy storage capacity of the unit energy storage device is E sto-max0 , then there is

[0046] 0 ≤ E sto (t) ≤ n DS *E sto-max0

[0047] In the formula, E sto (t) represents the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device at time t.

[0048] At the same moment, if the energy storage device is in the energy storage charging or energy release discharging process, then there is

[0049] Energy storage charging process: E sto (t + 1) = E sto (t) + η sto ×P sto (t)

[0050] In the formula, E sto (t + 1) represents the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device at time t + 1; η sto represents the energy storage charging efficiency of the energy storage device.

[0051] Energy release discharging process: E sto (t + 1) = E sto (t) - η dis ×P dis (t)

[0052] In the formula, η dis represents the energy release discharging efficiency of the energy storage device; P dis (t) represents the energy release discharging power of the energy storage device at time t.

[0053] Then when the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system is operating, there is

[0054] When the energy supply device is not sufficient to support the load of the charging device, the energy storage device is in the energy storage charging process, then there is

[0055] P sto (t) = P out (t) - P cha (t)

[0056] When the energy supply device is not sufficient to support the load of the charging device, the energy storage device is in the energy release discharging process, then there is

[0057] P dis (t) = P cha (t) - P out (t)

[0058] Furthermore, by solving the system cost model, when the capacity of the energy supply device is fixed (under the condition of a certain device selection, that is, nPV Certainly), the charging device is certain (when the device selection is certain, that is, n CS Certainly), for the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system, the energy storage capacity configuration scale when the carbon tax cost is optimal (when the device selection is certain, that is, n DS The quantity).

[0059] The present invention provides an optimization configuration method, which has the following advantages:

[0060] 1. When the photovoltaic power generation capacity and charging load of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system are determined, the present invention considers the impact of carbon emissions during the whole life cycle of the system, aims at the economic low-carbon of the system, solves the cost model of the system including carbon tax, and obtains the optimal energy storage configuration plan of the system.

[0061] 2. Considering the carbon emissions during the whole life cycle of the system enhances the comprehensiveness of the system cost model.

[0062] 3. Combining the influence of the carbon emission factor during the whole life cycle of the system, an accurate and best-benefit energy storage configuration plan for the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system is obtained, which better responds to the requirements of the carbon market and can better adapt to the low-carbon reform of the power system in the power market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the optimal energy storage capacity configuration of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system considering the influence of carbon tax in the present invention.

[0065] Wherein: 1 - energy supply device; 2 - energy storage device; 3 - charging device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described here are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are not used to limit the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In this application, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0068] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] As Figure 1 shown, the energy storage configuration method of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system based on carbon tax penalty provided in this embodiment, the implemented system includes: an energy supply device 1, an energy storage device 2, a charging device 3, and a charging load. The energy supply device 1 converts solar energy into electric energy for the energy storage device 2 to store energy or supply power to the charging load through the charging device 3.

[0071] As Figure 2 shown, a method for configuring the optimal energy storage capacity of a photovoltaic energy storage charging system considering the impact of carbon tax, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0072] (1) Calculate the total life cycle carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system; and based on this, construct a cost model including carbon tax within the total life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system;

[0073] The total life cycle carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system include the carbon emissions during the entire life cycle from the production to the recycling of each device of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system:

[0074] Q dis-total =Q pro +Q ins +Q ope +Q rec -Q emi (1)

[0075] In the formula: Q dis-total is the total carbon emissions within the total life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage charging system; Q pro is the carbon emissions during the production stage of the device in the system; Q ins is the carbon emissions during the construction and installation stage of the system; Q ope is the carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance stage of the system; Q rec is the carbon emissions during the recycling and utilization stage of the system; Q emiis the carbon emission reduction amount within the entire life cycle of the system.

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, n is the number of types of equipment in the integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging system, and N i represents the quantity of the i-th type of equipment; Q pro-i0 represents the carbon emission during the production stage of the i-th type of equipment.

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, m is the number of types of buildings and equipment in the integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging system, and M i represents the quantity of the i-th type of equipment; Q ins-i0 represents the carbon emission during the construction and installation stage of the i-th type of equipment.

[0080] Q ope =W gen ×Q ope-0 (4)

[0081] In the formula, W gen represents the electricity generated by the energy supply equipment within the entire life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging system; Q ope-0 represents the carbon emission generated during the unit power generation process of the energy supply equipment.

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, n is the number of types of equipment in the integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging system, and N i represents the quantity of the i-th type of equipment; Q rec-i0 represents the carbon emission during the recycling stage of the i-th type of equipment.

[0084] Q emi =Q factor ×(W grid +W charge )(6)

[0085] In the formula, Q factor is the average carbon emission factor of the national power grid. According to national data statistics, the average carbon emission factor of the national power grid in 2023 is 0.5568 t CO 2 / MWh; W grid and W charge respectively represent the electricity fed into the grid and the charging electricity within the entire life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging system.

[0086] LCC = k × Q dis-total +C inv +C OM +C Eol (7)

[0087] In the formula, k is the carbon tax coefficient, which is usually determined according to the carbon emissions in different industries and product production processes; LCC represents the cost of the integrated PV energy storage charging system including carbon tax over its entire life cycle; C inv 、C OM and C Eol respectively represent the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recovery and treatment cost of the integrated PV energy storage charging system during its entire life cycle.

[0088] (2) Taking the optimal value of the cost of the integrated PV energy storage charging system as the objective function, and combining the PV energy supply curve in the integrated PV energy storage charging system, the charging load curve in the area where the integrated PV energy storage charging system is located, and the characteristic curve of the energy storage module, determine the constraint conditions of the system cost model;

[0089] The objective function is the minimum cost over the entire life cycle, that is, making the LCC value minimum under the condition of meeting the regional power supply.

[0090] 1) Output characteristic constraint of energy supply equipment

[0091] P out (t) = n PV *S PV0 ×k pv (t) (8)

[0092] In the formula, P out (t) is the output power of the energy supply equipment at time t; n PV represents the number of energy supply equipment in the integrated PV energy storage charging system; S PV0 represents the total initial installed capacity of the energy supply equipment in the integrated PV energy storage charging system, and k pv (t) represents the conversion efficiency of the energy supply equipment at time t.

[0093] P cha (t) ≤ P out (t) ≤ P cha (t) + P sto (t) (9)

[0094] In the formula, P cha (t) is the charging power of the charging equipment at time t; P sto (t) is the energy storage charging power of the energy storage equipment at time t.

[0095] 2) Charging equipment load characteristic constraint

[0096] n CS *P cha-min0 ≤ P cha (t) ≤ n CS *P cha-max0 (10)

[0097] Wherein, P cha-max0 and P cha-min0 are the maximum power and the minimum power of the charging device respectively; P cha (t) is the charging power of the charging device at time t; n CS represents the number of charging devices of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system.

[0098] And the maximum power of the charging load of the charging device of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system should satisfy

[0099] n CS *P cha-max0 ≤P out-max +n DS *P dis-max0 (11)

[0100] Wherein, P out-max represents the maximum output power of the energy supply device, n DS represents the number of energy storage devices in the area where the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system is located, and P dis-max0 represents the maximum energy release and discharge power of a single energy storage device.

[0101] 3) Constraints on the operating characteristics of the energy storage device

[0102] If the maximum energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is E sto-max0 , then there is

[0103] 0≤E sto (t)≤n DS *E sto-max0 (12)

[0104] Wherein, E sto (t) represents the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device at time t.

[0105] At the same moment, if the energy storage device is in the energy storage charging or energy release and discharge process, then there is

[0106] Energy storage charging process: E sto (t + 1) = E sto (t)+η sto ×P sto (t) (13)

[0107] Wherein, E sto (t + 1) represents the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device at time t + 1; η sto represents the energy storage charging efficiency of the energy storage device.

[0108] Energy release and discharge process: E sto (t + 1) = E sto (t)-η dis ×P dis(t) (14)

[0109] In the formula, η dis represents the energy release and discharge efficiency of the energy storage device; P dis (t) represents the energy release and discharge power of the energy storage device at time t.

[0110] Then, when the integrated optical storage and charging system is operating:

[0111] When the energy supply device is insufficient to support the load of the charging device, the energy storage device is in the energy storage and charging process, then there is

[0112] P sto (t) = P out (t) - P cha (t) (15)

[0113] When the energy supply device is insufficient to support the load of the charging device, the energy storage device is in the energy release and discharge process, then there is

[0114] P dis (t) = P cha (t) - P out (t) (16)

[0115] (3) Finally, solve the system cost model to obtain the optimal energy storage capacity configuration plan for the integrated optical storage and charging system with the best carbon tax cost when the capacity of the energy supply device is fixed (when the device type is fixed, that is, n PV is fixed), and the charging load is fixed (when the device type is fixed, that is, n CS is fixed) (when the device type is fixed, that is, the number of n DS ).

[0116] In the present invention, the system cost model is as shown in formula (7). Under the condition of meeting the regional charging load, the LCC value in formula (7) should be minimized, and the calculation of formula (7) should satisfy the constraint conditions, and the constraint conditions are as shown in formulas (8) - (16).

[0117] When the capacity of the energy supply device is fixed, specifically when the device type is fixed, the number of energy supply devices n PV is fixed, and the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and disposal cost of a single energy supply device are known, then the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and disposal cost of the energy supply device are fixed values.

[0118] When the charging device is fixed, specifically when the charging device type is fixed, the number of charging devices n CS is fixed, and the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and disposal cost of a single charging device are known, then the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and disposal cost of the charging device are fixed values.

[0119] When the selection of relevant auxiliary equipment in the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system is certain, the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and treatment cost of the relevant auxiliary equipment are fixed values.

[0120] In the present invention, the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and treatment cost of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system are the sum of the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and treatment cost of the energy supply equipment, charging equipment, energy storage equipment, and relevant auxiliary equipment. When determining the selection of the energy storage equipment, during the construction of the system, the initial investment cost P1 of a single energy storage equipment, the operation and maintenance cost P2 of a single energy storage equipment, and the recycling and treatment cost P3 of a single energy storage equipment are known values.

[0121] When the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and treatment cost of the energy supply equipment, charging equipment, and relevant auxiliary equipment are fixed values, and the unit prices P1, P2, and P3 are known, only the number n of the energy storage equipment needs to be determined. DS Then, the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling and treatment cost of the integrated photovoltaic energy storage and charging system can be obtained. In the present invention, when meeting the regional charging load demand and under the condition of meeting the requirements of Formula (8) - Formula (16), the number n of the energy storage equipment obtained by solving when the LCC value in Formula (7) is the smallest. DS Is the best energy storage capacity configuration plan with carbon tax cost.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that: the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for configuring energy storage capacity with optimal cost for a photovoltaic storage and charging system taking into account the impact of carbon tax, characterized in that: include: Calculate the carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system over its entire life cycle, and construct a cost model including carbon tax over the entire life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system; Taking the optimal value of the carbon tax cost of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system as the objective function, combined with the photovoltaic energy supply curve of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system, the charging load curve of the region where the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system is located, and the energy storage module characteristic curve, determine the constraint conditions of the cost model of the carbon tax; Under the conditions of satisfying the regional charging load and satisfying the constraints, the cost model described in the system is solved to obtain the optimal energy storage capacity configuration plan including carbon tax for the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system.

2. The method for configuring energy storage capacity with optimal cost for a photovoltaic storage and charging system taking into account the impact of carbon tax as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system over its entire life cycle include the carbon emissions from the production of each device of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system to the recycling of the device, and the calculation process is as follows: Q dis-total =Q pro +Q ins +Q ope +Q rec -Q emi (1) Where: Q dis-total is the total carbon emissions of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system during its entire life cycle; Q pro is the carbon emission of the equipment in the system during the production phase; Q ins is the carbon emissions during the construction and installation phase of the system; Q ope is the carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance phase of the system; Q rec is the carbon emission of the recycling stage of the system; Q emi It is the amount of carbon emissions reduced over the entire life cycle of the system.

3. The method for configuring energy storage capacity with optimal cost for a photovoltaic storage and charging system taking into account the impact of carbon tax as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In the process of calculating the carbon emissions of the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system throughout its life cycle, Where n is the number of equipment types in the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system; N i represents the number of equipment of the i-th category; Q pro-i0 represents the carbon emissions during the production phase of the i-th type of equipment; Where m is the number of buildings and equipment types of the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system; M i represents the number of equipment of the i-th category; Q ins-i0 represents the carbon emissions during the construction and installation phase of the i-th type of equipment; During the operation and maintenance of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system, the source of carbon emissions is mainly the carbon emissions generated during the power generation process of the energy supply equipment, that is, Q ope =W gen ×Q ope-0 (4) Where W gen Indicates the amount of electricity generated by the energy supply equipment during the entire life cycle of the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system; Q ope-0 Indicates the carbon emissions generated during the power generation process of the energy supply equipment; Where n is the number of equipment types in the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system; N i represents the number of equipment of the i-th category; Q rec-i0 represents the carbon emissions during the recycling phase of the i-th type of equipment; Q emi =Q factor ×(W grid +W charge ) (6) In the formula, Q factor is the national average carbon emission factor of the power grid; W grid and W charge They respectively represent the online power and charging power during the entire life cycle of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system.

4. The method for configuring energy storage capacity with optimal cost for a photovoltaic storage and charging system taking into account the impact of carbon tax as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cost model including carbon tax during the whole life cycle of the integrated solar-storage-charging system is: LCC=k×Q dis-total +C inv +C OM +C Eol (7) Where k is the carbon tax coefficient; C inv , C OM and C Eol They respectively represent the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling cost of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system during its entire life cycle.

5. The method for configuring energy storage capacity with optimal cost for a photovoltaic storage and charging system taking into account the impact of carbon tax as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The optimal value of the objective function is the minimum cost in the entire life cycle, that is, the LCC value in formula (7) is the minimum; The constraints of the cost model of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system including carbon tax include power supply equipment output characteristic constraints, charging equipment load constraints, and energy storage equipment operation constraints; Among them, the output characteristic constraints of the energy supply equipment are: When the installed power of the energy supply equipment is constant, its output characteristics are: P out (t)=n PV *S PV0 ×k pv (t) (8) Where P out (t) is the output power of the energy supply equipment at time t; n PV represents the number of energy supply devices of the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system; S PV0 represents the initial installed capacity per unit of the energy supply equipment of the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system, k pv (t) represents the conversion efficiency of the energy supply equipment at time t; Energy supply equipment should meet the following requirements: P cha (t)≤P out (t)≤P cha (t)+P sto (t) (9) Where P cha (t) is the charging power of the charging device at time t; P sto (t) is the energy storage charging power of the energy storage device at time t. The load constraint of the charging equipment is: The number of charging devices in the area where the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system is located n CS 、Maximum charging load power P cha-max and minimum power P cha-min Should satisfy n CS *P cha-min0 ≤P cha (t)≤n CS *P cha-max0 (10) Where P cha-max0 and P cha-min0 They are the maximum power and minimum power of the charging equipment respectively. The maximum power of the charging load of the charging equipment of the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system should satisfy n CS *P cha-max0 ≤P out-max +n DS *P dis-max0 (11) Where n CS represents the number of charging devices in the area where the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system is located, P out-max Indicates the maximum output power of the energy supply equipment, n DS represents the number of energy storage devices in the region where the photovoltaic storage and charging integrated system is located, P dis-max0 Indicates the maximum energy discharge power of a unit energy storage device; The operating constraints of energy storage equipment are: The maximum energy storage capacity of a unit energy storage device is E sto-max0 , then 0≤E sto (t)≤n DS *E st o-max0 (12) In the formula, E sto (t) represents the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device at time t; At the same time, the energy storage device is in the process of energy storage charging or energy release discharging: Energy storage charging process: E sto (t+1)=E sto (t)+η sto ×P sto (t) (13) In the formula, E sto (t+1) represents the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device at time t+1; η sto Indicates the energy storage charging efficiency of the energy storage device; Energy release discharge process: E sto (t+1)=E sto (t)-η dis ×P dis (t) (14) Where η dis Indicates the energy discharge efficiency of the energy storage device; P dis (t) represents the energy discharging power of the energy storage device at time t; When the integrated photovoltaic storage and charging system is in operation: When the energy supply equipment is not sufficient to support the load of the charging equipment, the energy storage equipment is in the energy storage charging process. P sto (t)=P out (t)-P cha (t) (15) When the energy supply equipment is insufficient to support the load of the charging equipment, the energy storage equipment is in the process of discharging energy. P dis (t)=P cha (t)-P out (t) (16) Solve the cost model of the carbon tax for the system. Under the condition that the capacity of energy supply equipment is fixed and the number of energy supply equipment n is PV is a fixed value. When the charging equipment is selected, the number of charging equipment n CS The selection of energy storage equipment is determined by taking the initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and recycling cost of a single energy storage device as fixed values ​​during system construction. When the regional charging load demand is met and the requirements of formulas (8) to (16) are met, the number of energy storage devices n obtained when the LCC value in formula (7) is minimized is: DS The optimal energy storage capacity configuration scheme including carbon tax costs.

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