Sensing method and communication device

Abstract

The application discloses a sensing method and a communication device, relates to the field of communication, and can be applied to the scene of ISAC sensing. The sensing method comprises the following steps: acquiring a channel response function of a wireless channel model, wherein the channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained from a forward scattering channel response function, a backward scattering channel response function, a forward scattering probability and a backward scattering probability; the forward scattering channel response function represents amplitude and phase changes of forward scattering generated after a signal is scattered and reflected during propagation; the forward scattering probability represents a probability of generating forward scattering during the propagation of the signal; the backward scattering channel response function represents amplitude and phase changes of backward scattering generated after the signal is scattered and reflected during the propagation; and the backward scattering probability represents a probability of generating backward scattering during the propagation of the signal; and performing sensing on a target according to the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a sensing method and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology is being applied to large-scale mobile networks. ISAC not only has communication functions, but also communication sensing functions, such as sensing the shape, speed, position, and direction of motion of a target.

[0003] However, current advanced 5G communication protocols (such as 3GPP TR38.901) primarily design wireless channel models for data transmission. These models are only for communication and lack sensing capabilities, making them unsuitable for ISAC scenarios. Therefore, how to implement sensing functionality within this wireless channel model in ISAC scenarios to improve sensing performance is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a sensing method and a communication device for implementing sensing functions through a wireless channel model.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a sensing method is provided, comprising: acquiring the channel response function of a wireless channel model, wherein the channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability; the forward scattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of forward scattering generated after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation, the forward scattering probability represents the probability of forward scattering generated during propagation, the backscattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of backscattering generated after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation, and the backscattering probability represents the probability of backscattering generated during propagation; and performing sensing on a target based on the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

[0007] The sensing method provided in this application embodiment allows a network device to sense a target based on the channel response function of a wireless channel model. The channel response function of the wireless channel model is derived from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability. When a sensing signal encounters a target during propagation, it undergoes forward and backscattering. On one hand, the amplitude and phase of the sensing signal change after forward and backscattering, and these changes can be described by the channel response function. On the other hand, the forward and backscattering of the sensing signal are random, thus both forward and backscattering have probabilistic properties. Therefore, the forward scattering parameters can be described by the forward scattering channel response function and the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering parameters can be described by the backscattering channel response function and the backscattering probability. This established wireless channel model accurately reflects the real wireless channel in the sensing scenario, enabling target sensing and improving sensing performance.

[0008] Secondly, a communication device is provided, comprising a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is used to acquire the channel response function of a wireless channel model. The channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability. The forward scattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of forward scattering after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The forward scattering probability represents the probability of forward scattering during signal propagation. The backscattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of backscattering after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The backscattering probability represents the probability of backscattering during signal propagation. The communication module is used to perform target sensing based on the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

[0009] The second aspect is the implementation on the device side, which corresponds to the first aspect. The explanations, supplements, and descriptions of the beneficial effects of the first aspect also apply to the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0010] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0011] In one implementation, the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0012] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a network device. When the communication device is a chip configured in a network device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0013] Fourthly, a processor is provided, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute a method from any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0014] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0015] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a memory. The processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals via a receiver, and transmit signals via a transmitter to execute the method in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0016] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0017] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when the computer program is run, causes a computer to perform a method in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0018] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods in any possible implementation of any of the above aspects.

[0019] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a chip system including one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, causing the methods in any of the above aspects or possible implementations to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0020] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0021] Ninthly, a communication system is provided, including the aforementioned terminal device and network device. Optionally, the communication system may further include other devices that communicate with the terminal device and / or network device.

[0022] The technical effects of the third to ninth aspects refer to the technical effects of the first aspect and any of its embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a wireless communication system.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device and a network device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of a sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a single-station sensing scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a dual-station sensing scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an intrusion detection scenario in a smart home provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an intelligent transportation scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating another sensing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] First, some concepts involved in this application will be described.

[0036] The terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only used to distinguish features of the same type and should not be construed as indicating relative importance, quantity, order, etc.

[0037] The terms "exemplary" or "for example" used in the embodiments of this application are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0038] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, sidelink communication systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, new radio access technology (NR), future communication systems, and 5G Advanced communication systems. Among these, 5G mobile communication systems can include non-standalone (NSA) and / or standalone (SA) networking. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit the scope of these applications. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as in other systems and radio technologies.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system used in an embodiment of this application. The communication system 100 may include network devices, such as... Figure 1The at least one network device 110 shown (including a first network device 1101 and a second network device 1102) is also included. The communication system 100 may further include terminal devices, such as… Figure 1 The terminal device 120 is shown. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 can communicate via a wireless link.

[0040] Figure 1 An exemplary network device 110 and a terminal device 120 are shown. Optionally, the communication system 100 may also include multiple network devices and / or multiple terminal devices.

[0041] The network equipment in this application can be network-side equipment such as access network equipment and core network equipment. Access network equipment is sometimes also called an access node. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities for communicating with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs) in the aforementioned communication systems, next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in open RAN (ORAN) systems, satellites in NTN communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units capable of implementing some of the functions of a base station. Access network equipment can be a macro base station, micro base station, indoor station, relay node, donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radioaccess network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, access network equipment can also be a server, wearable device, or vehicle-mounted equipment, etc. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or via relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the access network equipment. In this application, the access network equipment is referred to as a network device.

[0042] In this application, the means for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself, or a means capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This means can be installed in or connected to the network device. In the technical solutions provided in this application, the example of a network device being used to implement the functions of a network device is used to describe the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0043] The terminal device in this application can be a wireless terminal device capable of receiving network device scheduling and instruction information. The wireless terminal device can be a device providing voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. For example, the terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks or the Internet via a radio access network (RAN). The terminal device can also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, or satellite communication, etc. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, aircraft (such as drone, helicopter, airplane), hot air balloon, ship, robot, robotic arm, or smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the form of the terminal device.

[0044] In this application, the apparatus for implementing the functions of a terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or any apparatus capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing those functions, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This apparatus can be installed in or connected to the terminal device. In the technical solutions provided in this application, the example of a terminal device being used to implement the functions of a terminal device is used to describe the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0045] Access network equipment and / or terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the application scenarios of the access network equipment and terminal equipment. They can be deployed in the same or different scenarios; for example, both can be deployed on land simultaneously; or the access network equipment can be deployed on land while the terminal equipment is deployed on water, etc., and so on.

[0046] In practical applications, multiple network devices can collaborate to assist terminal devices in achieving wireless access, with different network devices each implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, network devices can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0047] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, and RU can implement different protocol layer functions.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device and a network device provided in an embodiment of this application. The terminal device 120 includes a first processor 121, a first memory 122, and a first transceiver 123.

[0049] The first processor 121 may include one or more processing units, such as: a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural network processing unit (NPU). Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors.

[0050] The first memory 122 can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it can include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DRRAM).

[0051] The first memory 122 can exist independently and be connected to the first processor 121 via a bus. Alternatively, the first memory 122 can be integrated with the first processor 121. The first memory 122 stores application code that executes the scheme of this application, and its execution is controlled by the first processor 121. The first processor 121 executes the computer program instructions stored in the first memory 122, thereby performing various functional applications and data processing of the terminal device, such as implementing the sensing method described in the embodiments of this application.

[0052] The first processor 121 and the first transceiver 123 are connected via a bus. The first transceiver 123 can be any transceiver-like device used for communication with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. The first transceiver 123 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx.

[0053] Network device 110 includes a second processor 111, a second memory 112, and a second transceiver 113. The second processor 111 executes computer program instructions stored in the second memory 112, thereby performing various functional applications and data processing of the network device 110, such as implementing the communication method described in the embodiments of this application. The functions of the second processor 111 are described with reference to the first processor 121, the functions of the second memory 112 are described with reference to the first memory 122, and the functions of the second transceiver 113 are described with reference to the first transceiver 123, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terminology used in this application will be briefly explained first. Optionally, the explanation of some terms may also refer to the explanations in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard protocol.

[0055] TR38.901 is a technical report published by 3GPP that defines wireless channel models for the 0.5 GHz to 100 GHz frequency range. It is an important reference standard for the design and evaluation of 5G and future communication systems. TR38.901 provides detailed channel modeling methods applicable to various scenarios (such as urban, rural, and indoor environments) and frequency bands (including sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave bands). It forms the basis for 5G New Radio (NR) system simulation and performance evaluation.

[0056] Line-of-sight (LOS) propagation refers to a path where a signal can propagate directly between its source and target without obstruction. LOS propagation is the most ideal propagation condition in wireless communication, typically providing the strongest signal strength and the highest communication quality.

[0057] Non-line-of-sight (LOS) propagation refers to the phenomenon where a signal cannot propagate directly between the source and the target due to obstacles, but instead reaches the target through mechanisms such as reflection, diffraction, and scattering. NLOS propagation is very common in complex environments (such as cities and indoors), and although the signal strength is weaker, it can achieve wider coverage.

[0058] Line of sight azimuth angle of departure (LOS AOD) or azimuth of departure (AOD) or azimuth angle of departure (AAOD): This refers to the horizontal angle (azimuth) at which a signal leaves the transmitting antenna. Specifically, under line-of-sight (LOS) propagation conditions, it is the horizontal angle between the direction from the transmitting antenna and the reference direction (usually the frontal direction of the antenna array). The unit is usually expressed in degrees, ranging from 0 to 360 degrees.

[0059] Line of sight zenith angle of departure (LOS ZOD) or zenith of departure (ZOD): LOS ZOD refers to the vertical angle (zenith angle) at which a signal leaves the transmitting antenna. That is, under line-of-sight propagation conditions, the angle between the direction the signal originates from the transmitting antenna and the vertical direction (zenith direction). The unit is usually expressed in degrees, ranging from 0 to 180 degrees, where 0 degrees represents vertically upward and 180 degrees represents vertically downward. It should be noted that the zenith angle is also called the elevation angle.

[0060] Elevation angle of departure (EAOD): This refers to the elevation angle relative to the horizontal plane when a signal leaves the transmitter. EAOD = 90 - ZOD.

[0061] Line of sight azimuth angle of arrival (LOS AOA) or angle of arrival (AOA): LOS AOA refers to the horizontal angle (azimuth angle) at which a signal arrives at the receiving antenna. Specifically, under line-of-sight propagation conditions, it is the horizontal angle between the direction in which the signal arrives at the receiving antenna and a reference direction (usually the frontal direction of the antenna array). The unit is usually expressed in degrees, ranging from 0 to 360 degrees.

[0062] Line-of-sight zenith angle of arrival (LOS ZOA) or zenith of arrival (ZOA): LOS ZOA refers to the vertical angle (zenith angle) at which a signal reaches the receiving antenna. That is, under line-of-sight propagation conditions, the angle between the direction in which the signal reaches the receiving antenna and the vertical direction (zenith direction). The unit is usually expressed in degrees, ranging from 0 to 180 degrees, where 0 degrees represents vertically upward and 180 degrees represents vertically downward.

[0063] Cluster: In multipath channel modeling, a cluster describes a collection of multipath components formed during signal propagation due to effects such as reflection, refraction, and scattering. These multipath components have similar time delay and angular characteristics. Each cluster contains multiple rays, which have certain offsets in time delay, azimuth, and elevation, and conform to a certain distribution.

[0064] Large Scale Parameters (LSPs): Large scale parameters describe the characteristics of a signal over a large range (e.g., tens to hundreds of meters). They primarily reflect the slow changes in signal power and channel characteristics caused by path loss, shadow fading, and environmental factors. Large scale parameters include delay spread (DS), angle spread, Ricean K-factor, and shadow faded (SF).

[0065] Delay spread (DS): Delay spread is an important parameter in wireless communication channels, used to describe the degree of temporal dispersion of multipath signals. It refers to the time difference between the earliest and latest arriving paths in a multipath signal. It reflects the time dispersion of the signal during propagation due to effects such as reflection, refraction, and scattering. It is a key indicator for measuring channel frequency-selective fading and directly affects the design and performance of communication systems.

[0066] Angle spread is an important parameter in wireless communication channels, describing the spatial dispersion of a signal. It reflects the range of signal distribution in azimuth and zenith angles as it arrives at the destination or leaves the source. Angle spread includes, for example, azimuth angle spread of arrival (ASA), azimuth angle spread of departure (ASD), zenith angle spread of arrival (ZSA), and zenith angle spread of departure (ZSD).

[0067] Ricean K-factor (K for short): The Ricean K-factor is used to describe the power ratio between the power of the LOS direct path and the power of the NLOS multipath in a channel.

[0068] Shadow fading (SF): Shadow fading refers to the random fluctuations in signal power over a large range (typically tens to hundreds of meters) caused by obstructions (such as buildings, trees, etc.). It is a type of large-scale fading, usually described by a log-normal distribution.

[0069] Small-scale parameters (SSPs) are used to describe the rapid changes in a signal over a short time or distance. They primarily reflect signal fluctuations caused by multipath effects, including rapid changes in signal amplitude, phase, delay, and angle. SSPs include cluster delay, cluster power, cluster angles, and cross-polarization power ratio.

[0070] Cluster delay: Cluster delay refers to the average delay of all rays in a multipath cluster. It describes the time difference between different paths after a signal travels from the source to the destination through multiple paths.

[0071] Cluster power: Cluster power refers to the total power of all rays in a multipath cluster. It describes the energy distribution of a signal during propagation due to multipath effects.

[0072] Cluster angles describe the spatial distribution characteristics of rays in a multipath cluster. Cluster angles include AOA, AOD, ZOA, and ZOD.

[0073] Cross-polarization power ratio (XPR): Cross-polarization power ratio is a parameter used in wireless communication to describe the power ratio of a signal in orthogonal polarization directions, reflecting the power distribution of the signal in different polarization directions.

[0074] Forward scattering and backward scattering: Forward scattering refers to the portion of a signal that continues to propagate forward after being scattered by a target during propagation. Backward scattering refers to the portion of a signal that continues to propagate backward after being scattered by a target during propagation.

[0075] Power assignment: In a communication system, power assignment refers to the rational distribution of total power to different channels, users, or antennas in order to optimize system performance.

[0076] Field mode: refers to the distribution of electric and magnetic fields when electromagnetic waves propagate through space. Field modes include horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. Horizontal polarization means that the electric field vector vibrates parallel to a reference plane (usually the ground or a horizontal plane), while the magnetic field vector vibrates perpendicular to the reference plane. Vertical polarization means that the electric field vector vibrates perpendicular to the reference plane, while the magnetic field vector vibrates parallel to the reference plane.

[0077] LOS peak: LOS peak refers to a significant peak introduced by the direct path in the angular expansion under LOS conditions.

[0078] ISAC: ISAC is a technology that integrates wireless communication and sensing functions into a single system. It utilizes the same spectrum resources and hardware to simultaneously achieve communication and sensing functions, such as sensing the shape, speed, position, and direction of motion of a target. This improves spectrum efficiency, reduces hardware costs, and supports emerging application scenarios, such as smart homes, intelligent transportation, industrial IoT, smart cities, and drone networks.

[0079] The channel response function describes the amplitude and phase changes of a signal after scattering and reflection during propagation. The channel response function can be in the time domain, frequency domain, or spatial domain, depending on the characteristics of the channel.

[0080] It should be understood that the technical terms used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and not as limiting. For example, as technology evolves, technical terms may also change, and other technical terms that have the same technical meaning should also apply to this application.

[0081] In the current 5G-Advanced communication protocol, the 3GPP TR 38.901 communication protocol is mainly designed for data transmission and has a wireless channel model. Therefore, this wireless channel model can only be used for communication and cannot be used for ISAC scenarios.

[0082] Since ISAC performs target sensing, the sensed signal will undergo forward scattering and backscattering upon encountering the target. Therefore, the wireless channel model used for sensing includes forward scattering parameters and backscattering parameters, which represent different scattering mechanisms of the sensed signal upon encountering the target during propagation. Forward scattering and backscattering have independent signal propagation paths, attenuation levels, and coherence, and these factors have a significant impact on the performance of ISAC.

[0083] In view of this, this application provides a sensing method that obtains the channel response function for forward scattering and the channel response function for backscattering, as well as the forward scattering probability and the backscattering probability. Combining the channel response function for forward scattering with the forward scattering probability yields the effective response intensity for forward scattering, and combining the channel response function for backscattering with the backscattering probability yields the effective response intensity for backscattering. Finally, a channel response function for a wireless channel model containing the effective response indices for both forward and backscattering can be obtained. This wireless channel model can then be used to sense targets and can be applied to ISAC scenarios.

[0084] The solution provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the corresponding flowcharts. It is understood that the illustrative flowcharts provided in this application primarily use different devices (e.g., terminal devices, network devices) as examples of the execution subjects of this interactive illustration to illustrate the method, but this application does not limit the execution subjects of the interactive illustrations. For example, the devices (e.g., terminal devices, network devices) in the illustrative flowcharts can also be chips, chip systems, or processors that support the implementation of this method on the device, or logic modules or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the device.

[0085] As a general statement, the message or signaling interactions involved in the interaction process of this application embodiment can be standard messages or signaling or newly introduced messages or signaling. This application embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0086] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a sensing method according to an embodiment of this application. It can be understood that the terminal device involved in this sensing method can be... Figure 1 Any terminal device in the context of network equipment can refer to any component within that terminal device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system). Network equipment can be... Figure 1Any access network device, or a component within an access network device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system). Figure 3 As shown, the sensing method 300 includes the following steps S301-S302:

[0087] S301. The network device obtains the channel response function of the wireless channel model. The channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability. The forward scattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of the forward scattering generated after the sensed signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The forward scattering probability represents the probability that the sensed signal will be forward scattered during propagation. The backscattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of the backscattering generated after the sensed signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The backscattering probability represents the probability that the sensed signal will be backscattered during propagation.

[0088] Network devices can generate the channel response function of the wireless channel model themselves, or they can accept the configuration of the channel response function of the wireless channel model to obtain the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

[0089] ISAC scenarios can include, for example Figure 4 The single-station sensing scenario shown and such Figure 5 The dual-station sensing scenario is shown. For ease of calculation, the target (e.g., terminal device) 300 is modeled as an unstructured point, that is, the multipath effect of the sensing signal reaching the target 300 is not considered.

[0090] like Figure 4 As shown, single-site sensing involves the first network device 1101 transmitting a sensing signal, which reaches the target 300 and is reflected back to the first network device 1101. Due to channel reciprocity, only the one-way transmission case needs to be considered. The wireless channel model for single-site sensing specifically includes the following two wireless channel models.

[0091] like Figure 4 As shown in Figure A, the communication between the first network device 1101 and the target 300 is based on LOS propagation. That is, the first network device 1101 transmits a sensing signal, which reaches the target 300 and is reflected back to the first network device 1101 by the target 300. This is referred to as the LOS wireless channel model.

[0092] like Figure 4As shown in Figure B, the first network device 1101 and the target 300 communicate via NLOS propagation. That is, the first network device 1101 transmits a sensing signal, which is reflected by other objects to reach the target 300 and then reflected by the target 300. The reflected sensing signal is then reflected by other objects to reach the first network device 1101. This is referred to as the NLOS wireless channel model.

[0093] like Figure 5 As shown, bi-station sensing involves the first network device 1101 transmitting a sensing signal, which reaches the target 300 and is reflected by the target 300 to reach the second network device 1102. The wireless channel models for bi-station sensing specifically include the following four wireless channel models.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure A, the first network device 1101 and the target 300 use LOS propagation, and the second network device 1102 and the target 300 use LOS propagation. That is, the first network device 1101 transmits a sensing signal, the sensing signal reaches the target 300 and is reflected by the target 300 to reach the second network device 1102. This is referred to as the LOS-LOS wireless channel model.

[0095] The channel response function of the LOS-LOS wireless channel model is Where q represents the first network device 1101, p represents the second network device 1102, L represents LOS propagation, N represents NLOS propagation, h represents the channel response function, and t represents time. This means that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through the LOS to reach the target 300, and then through the LOS to reach the second network device 1102. This means that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through LOS to reach the target 300, and then through NLOS to reach the second network device 1102. This indicates that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through NLOS to reach the target 300, and then through LOS to reach the second network device 1102. This indicates that the sensed signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through NLOS propagation to the target 300, and then through NLOS propagation to the second network device 1102. It should be noted that the LOS-LOS wireless channel model also involves... , , The reason is that although LOS propagation is the main method between the first network device 1101 and the target 300, or between the target 300 and the second network device 1102, NLOS propagation will also exist.

[0096] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure B, the first network device 1101 and the target 300 use LOS propagation, while the second network device 1102 and the target 300 use NLOS propagation. That is, the first network device 1101 transmits a sensing signal, which reaches the target 300 and is reflected by the target 300. The reflected sensing signal is then reflected by other objects and reaches the second network device 1102. This is referred to as the LOS-NLOS wireless channel model.

[0097] The channel response function of the LOS-NLOS wireless channel model is Where q represents the first network device 1101, p represents the second network device 1102, L represents LOS propagation, N represents NLOS propagation, h represents the channel response function, and t represents time. This means that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through LOS to reach the target 300, and then through NLOS to reach the second network device 1102. This indicates that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through NLOS propagation to the target 300, and then through NLOS propagation to the second network device 1102. It should be noted that the LOS-NLOS wireless channel model involves... The reason is that although the first network device 1101 and the target 300 mainly use LOS propagation, there will also be NLOS propagation.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure C, the first network device 1101 and the target 300 use NLOS propagation, while the second network device 1102 and the target 300 use LOS propagation. That is, the first network device 1101 transmits a sensing signal, which is reflected by other objects to reach the target 300 and then reflected by the target 300. The reflected sensing signal then reaches the second network device 1102. This is referred to as the NLOS-LOS wireless channel model.

[0099] The channel response function of the NLOS-LOS wireless channel model is: Where q represents the first network device 1101, p represents the second network device 1102, L represents LOS propagation, N represents NLOS propagation, h represents the channel response function, and t represents time. This indicates that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through NLOS to reach the target 300, and then through LOS to reach the second network device 1102. This indicates that the sensed signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through NLOS propagation to the target 300, and then through NLOS propagation to the second network device 1102. It should be noted that the NLOS-LOS wireless channel model also involves... The reason is that although the communication between target 300 and the second network device 1102 is mainly based on LOS propagation, there will also be NLOS propagation.

[0100] like Figure 5 As shown in Figure D, the first network device 1101 and the target 300 use NLOS propagation, and the second network device 1102 and the target 300 also use NLOS propagation. Specifically, the first network device 1101 transmits a sensing signal, which is reflected by other objects to reach the target 300 and then reflected again by the target 300. The reflected sensing signal is then reflected again by other objects to reach the second network device 1102. This is referred to as the NLOS-NLOS wireless channel model.

[0101] The channel response function of the NLOS-NLOS wireless channel model is: Where q represents the first network device 1101, p represents the second network device 1102, N represents NLOS propagation, h represents the channel response function, and t represents time. This indicates that the sensing signal travels from the first network device 1101 to the second network device 1102, first through NLOS propagation to the target 300, and then through NLOS propagation to the second network device 1102. It should be noted that the NLOS-NLOS wireless channel model does not involve... , , The reason is that there is no LOS propagation between the first network device 1101 and the target 300, or between the target 300 and the second network device 1102.

[0102] Regardless of the wireless channel model used, the sensed signal will undergo forward and backscattering when encountering a target during propagation. Therefore, the wireless channel model used for sensing also includes forward scattering parameters and backscattering parameters, representing different scattering mechanisms of the sensed signal during propagation. On one hand, the sensed signal will change in amplitude and phase after forward and backscattering, and this change can be described by the channel response function. On the other hand, the forward and backscattering of the sensed signal is random, so both forward and backscattering have probabilistic properties. Therefore, the forward scattering parameter can be described by the forward scattering channel response function and the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering parameter can be described by the backscattering channel response function and the backscattering probability.

[0103] S302. The network device performs target sensing based on the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

[0104] The network device transmits a sensing signal x to the target, and receives a sensing signal y reflected from the target. The channel response function H of the wireless channel model satisfies the formula y = Hx. For monostation or bistation sensing, the network device transmits a sensing signal x to the target and receives a sensing signal y reflected from the target. The channel response function H' of the real wireless channel is estimated inversely according to this formula. The channel response function H' of the real wireless channel is compared with the channel response function H of the wireless channel model provided in this application embodiment to obtain the parameters of the multipath cluster, such as cluster delay, cluster power, and cluster angle. The target is then sensed based on the parameters of the multipath cluster, such as the target's shape, speed, position, and direction of motion. The channel response function of this wireless channel model can be applied to the following application scenarios, such as smart homes, intelligent transportation, industrial IoT, smart cities, and drone networks.

[0105] For example, in such Figure 6 In the smart home intrusion detection scenario shown, network device 110 can detect intruders such as humans or harmful animals entering private property through this wireless channel model, and then notify terminal device 120. Traditional intrusion detection uses technologies such as cameras, infrared cameras, and microwave radar. However, these technologies are limited by line-of-sight, and their detection range is very limited. ISAC technology, based on this wireless channel model, performs sensing via wireless signals, and is not limited by line-of-sight. This wireless channel model can accurately model the intrusion detection scenario, thereby improving the accuracy of intruder detection.

[0106] For example, in such Figure 7 In the intelligent transportation scenario shown, network device 110 can sense surrounding stationary and moving objects through this wireless channel model and then notify terminal device 120. Traditional intelligent transportation systems use technologies such as lidar and acoustic radar. These technologies are also limited by line-of-sight, and their detection range is very limited. However, ISAC technology, based on this wireless channel model, performs sensing via wireless signals, which is not limited by line-of-sight. This wireless channel model can accurately model the intelligent transportation scenario, thereby improving the accuracy of detecting surrounding stationary and moving objects.

[0107] The sensing method provided in this application embodiment allows a network device to sense a target based on the channel response function of a wireless channel model. The channel response function of the wireless channel model is derived from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability. When a sensing signal encounters a target during propagation, it undergoes forward and backscattering. On one hand, the amplitude and phase of the sensing signal change after forward and backscattering, and these changes can be described by the channel response function. On the other hand, the forward and backscattering of the sensing signal are random, thus both forward and backscattering have probabilistic properties. Therefore, the forward scattering parameters can be described by the forward scattering channel response function and the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering parameters can be described by the backscattering channel response function and the backscattering probability. This established wireless channel model accurately reflects the real wireless channel in the sensing scenario, enabling target sensing and improving sensing performance.

[0108] Optional, Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method according to an embodiment of this application, used to obtain the channel response function of a wireless channel model. The channel response function of this wireless channel model is applicable to LOS or NLOS propagation between a network device and a target (e.g., a terminal device), meaning it does not distinguish between LOS and NLOS propagation between the network device and the target. It can be understood that the terminal device involved in this sensing method can be... Figure 1 Any terminal device in the context of network equipment can refer to any component within that terminal device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system). Network equipment can be... Figure 1 Any access network device, or a device within an access network device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system). The sensing method 800 includes the following steps S801-S804:

[0109] S801. The network device obtains the channel response function for forward scattering, obtains the channel response function for backscattering, obtains the forward scattering probability, and obtains the backscattering probability.

[0110] Network devices can obtain the forward scattering channel response function by considering the antenna polarization direction, the average power of the forward scattered rays, the time delay of the forward scattered rays, the cross-polarization power ratio of the forward scattered rays, the random phase of the forward scattered rays, the EAOD of the forward scattered rays, and the AOD of the forward scattered rays. The forward scattered rays are the rays within the forward scattering cluster.

[0111] It should be noted how these parameters were obtained. Figure 9The corresponding steps are as follows. For example, the polarization direction of the antenna refers to step 4 in S901, and the field mode of the network device and the field mode of the terminal device in the global coordinate system are as follows. The average power of the forward-scattered rays refers to S906. The time delay of the forward-scattered rays refers to S905. The cross-polarization power ratio of the forward-scattered rays refers to S909. The random phase of the forward-scattered rays refers to S910. The EAOD and AOD of the forward-scattered rays refer to S907.

[0112] Specifically, the channel response function of forward scattering Refer to the following formula 1-1:

[0113] .

[0114] Where f represents forward scattering. The time delay is represented by t, where t represents time, u is the source of the sensing signal, and v is the destination of the sensing signal. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the target end v. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the target end v; This represents the average power of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n at time t. This represents the time delay of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n at time t. This represents the cross-polarization power ratio of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the perpendicular random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the vertical-horizontal random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal and vertical random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the EAOD of ray m at the target end in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the AOD of ray m at the target end in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the EAOD at the source end of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the AOD at the source end of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n.

[0115] Network devices can obtain the backscatter channel response function by considering the antenna polarization direction, the average power of the backscattered rays, the time delay of the backscattered rays, the cross-polarization power ratio of the backscattered rays, the random phase of the backscattered rays, the EAOD (Early Expansion Occurrence) of the backscattered rays, and the AOD (Average Expansion Occurrence) of the backscattered rays. Backscattered rays are the rays within the backscattered cluster.

[0116] It should be noted how these parameters were obtained. Figure 9 The corresponding steps are as follows. For example, the polarization direction of the antenna refers to step 4 in S901, and the field mode of the network device and the field mode of the terminal device in the global coordinate system are as follows. The average power of the backscattered rays refers to S906. The time delay of the backscattered rays refers to S905. The cross-polarization power ratio of the backscattered rays refers to S909. The random phase of the backscattered rays refers to S910. The EAOD and AOD of the backscattered rays refer to S907.

[0117] Specifically, the backscattered channel response function Refer to the following formulas 1-2:

[0118] .

[0119] Where b represents backscattering, The time delay is represented by t, where t represents time, u is the source of the sensing signal, and v is the destination of the sensing signal. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the target end v. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the target end v; This represents the average power of ray k in the backscattering cluster n at time t. This represents the time delay of ray k in the backscattering cluster n at time t. This represents the cross-polarization power ratio of ray k in the backscattering cluster n; This represents the perpendicular random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the vertical-horizontal random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal and vertical random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n; This represents the EAOD of ray k at the target end in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the AOD of ray k at the target end in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the EAOD at the source end of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the AOD at the source end of ray k in the backscattering cluster n.

[0120] Network devices can obtain forward scattering probability in the following ways: based on the number of forward scattering clusters, the number of rays in the forward scattering clusters, the number of backscattering clusters, the number of rays in the backscattering clusters, the average power of the forward scattering rays, and the average power of the backscattering rays.

[0121] It should be noted how these parameters were obtained. Figure 9 The corresponding steps are as follows. For example, the number of forward-scattering clusters and the number of backscattering clusters refer to the number of clusters defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901, and the number of rays in a forward-scattering cluster and the number of rays in a backscattering cluster refer to the number of rays within a cluster defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901. The average power of the forward-scattering rays and the average power of the backscattering rays refer to S906.

[0122] Specifically, forward scattering probability It is equal to the proportion of forward-scattered power to the total scattered power, as shown in the following formulas 1-3:

[0123] .

[0124] Where f represents forward scattering and t represents time. This represents the number of forward scattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the forward scattering cluster. This represents the number of backscattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the backscattering cluster. This represents the number of forward scattered rays at time t. This represents the number of backscattered rays at time t. This represents the average power of the forward-scattered ray at time t. This represents the average power of the backscattered ray at time t.

[0125] Network devices can obtain backscattering probability in the following ways: based on the number of forward scattering clusters, the number of rays in the forward scattering clusters, the number of backscattering clusters, the number of rays in the backscattering clusters, the average power of the forward scattering rays, and the average power of the backscattering rays.

[0126] It should be noted how these parameters were obtained. Figure 9The corresponding steps are as follows. For example, the number of forward-scattering clusters and the number of backscattering clusters refer to the number of clusters defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901, and the number of rays in a forward-scattering cluster and the number of rays in a backscattering cluster refer to the number of rays within a cluster defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901. The average power of the forward-scattering rays and the average power of the backscattering rays refer to S906.

[0127] Specifically, backscattering probability It equals the ratio of backscattered power to total scattered power, as shown in Formulas 1-4 below:

[0128] .

[0129] Where b represents forward scattering and t represents time. This represents the number of forward scattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the forward scattering cluster. This represents the number of backscattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the backscattering cluster. This represents the number of forward scattered rays at time t. This represents the number of backscattered rays at time t. This represents the average power of the forward-scattered ray at time t. This represents the average power of the backscattered ray at time t.

[0130] S802. The network device obtains the effective response strength of forward scattering based on the channel response function and forward scattering probability of forward scattering.

[0131] Specifically, the network device will forward-scatter the channel response function. and forward scattering probability Multiplying them together yields the effective response intensity of the forward scattering. ,Right now The effective response intensity of forward scattering represents the effective signal received by the receiver after the sensed signal has been forward-scattered. The effective response intensity of forward scattering integrates the attenuation, phase change, and probability of scattering of the sensed signal during propagation, reflecting the overall impact of the path on the received sensed signal.

[0132] S803. The network device obtains the effective response strength of backscattering based on the channel response function and backscattering probability of backscattering.

[0133] Specifically, the network device will backscatter the channel response function. and backscattering probability Multiplying them together yields the effective response intensity of the backscattering. ,Right now The effective response intensity of backscattering represents the effective signal received by the receiver after the sensed signal has been backscattered. The effective response intensity of backscattering integrates the attenuation, phase change, and probability of scattering of the sensed signal during propagation, reflecting the overall impact of the path on the received sensed signal.

[0134] S804. The network device obtains the channel response function of the wireless channel model based on the effective response strength of forward scattering and the effective response strength of backscattering.

[0135] Specifically, network devices measure the effective response strength of forward scattering. and the effective response intensity of backscattering By adding them together, we can obtain the channel response function of the wireless channel model. ,Right now .

[0136] It should be noted that the forward scattering clusters and backscattering clusters involved in this sensing method can be distinguished by the radar cross section (RCS) characteristics of the sensed target. For example, the RCS of the forward scattering cluster has a forward scattering peak, while the RCS of the backscattering cluster has a backward scattering peak. Furthermore, when initially acquiring the parameters required for the wireless channel model, the backscattering cluster parameters can be set to random values ​​within the effective range. After establishing the wireless channel model based on the required parameters, sensing is performed according to the wireless channel model to reacquire the target's RCS characteristics. The backscattering cluster parameters are then adjusted, the required parameters for the wireless channel model are reacquired, and the wireless channel model is re-established. This process is repeated iteratively, gradually making the wireless channel model more accurate.

[0137] The channel response function of the wireless channel model obtained in steps S801-S804 above is applicable to LOS or NLOS propagation between network devices and targets (e.g., terminal devices). However, in a dual-site sensing scenario, the sensing signal transmitted by the first network device is reflected by the target and reaches the second network device, which includes two propagations between the network device and the target. Therefore, the wireless channel model between the first network device, the target, and the second network device is a cascade of the following two: the wireless channel model between the first network device and the target, and the wireless channel model between the target and the second network device.

[0138] Therefore, the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the first network device and the second network device This is equal to the channel response function of the first wireless channel model. Channel response function of the second wireless channel model The product of, i.e. .

[0139] in, Let q represent the time delay, p represent the second network device, f represent forward scattering, b represent backscattering, and T represent the target. The channel response function of the first wireless channel model is given. Here are the channel response functions for the wireless channel model between the first network device and the target, and the channel response functions for the second wireless channel model. Let be the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the target and the second network device.

[0140] For example, Figure 5 The channel response function of the LOS-LOS wireless channel model shown in Figure A is given by the following formula 4-1: .

[0141] In the above formula 4-1, Let f represent time delay, q represent the first network device, p represent the second network device, f represent forward scattering, b represent backscattering, T represent the target, L represent LOS propagation, Q represent probability, h represent the channel response function, and t represent time. The channel response function represents the LOS propagation of the sensed signal from the first network device to the target. This represents the channel response function that describes the LOS propagation of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device. This represents the forward scattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the first network device to the target via the LOS. The channel response function represents the forward scattering of the sensed signal from the first network device to the target during the LOS propagation. This represents the backscattering probability of the sensing signal propagating from the first network device to the target via the LOS. The channel response function represents the backscattering of the LOS propagation of the sensed signal from the first network device to the target. This represents the forward scattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the target to the LOS of the second network device. The channel response function represents the forward scattering of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device in the LOS propagation. This represents the backscattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the target to the LOS of the second network device. The channel response function represents the backscattering of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device in the LOS propagation.

[0142] For example, Figure 5The channel response function of the LOS-NLOS wireless channel model shown in Figure B is given by the following formula 4-2: .

[0143] In formula 4-2 above, N represents NLOS propagation. This represents the channel response function for the NLOS propagation of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device. This represents the forward scattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the target to the second network device via NLOS. The channel response function represents the forward scattering of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device during NLOS propagation. This represents the backscattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the target to the second network device in NLOS. This represents the channel response function for the backscattering of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device during NLOS propagation. The meanings of other symbols and parameters described in Formula 4-1 are not repeated here.

[0144] For example, Figure 5 The channel response function of the NLOS-LOS wireless channel model shown in C is given by the following formula 4-3: .

[0145] In the above formula 4-3, The channel response function represents the LOS propagation of the sensed signal from the first network device to the target. This represents the channel response function for the NLOS propagation of the sensed signal from the target to the second network device. This represents the forward scattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the first network device to the target via NLOS. The channel response function represents the forward scattering of the sensed signal from the first network device to the target during the LOS propagation. This represents the backscattering probability of the sensed signal propagating from the first network device to the target via NLOS. This represents the channel response function for the backscattering of the sensed signal during NLOS propagation from the first network device to the target. The meanings of other symbols and the descriptions of parameters in Formulas 4-1 and 4-2 are not repeated here.

[0146] For example, Figure 5 The channel response function of the NLOS-NLOS wireless channel model shown in Figure D is given by the following formula 4-4: .

[0147] The meanings of the symbols in Formula 4-4 above are described in Formulas 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3, and will not be repeated here.

[0148] In addition, for single-station sensing scenarios, the sensing signal emitted by the first network device is reflected by the target and reaches the first network device. Since only backscattering can provide the required sensing information, only the backscattering parameters need to be considered. Therefore, for the forward scattering parameters involved in Formulas 1-1 to 1-4 above, random numbers within the effective range can be taken.

[0149] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating another sensing method according to an embodiment of this application, used to obtain parameters required for a wireless channel model between a network device and a target. For example, the target is a terminal device. It can be understood that... Figure 9 The terminal device in the middle can be Figure 1 Any terminal device in the context of network equipment can refer to any component within that terminal device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system). Network equipment can be... Figure 1 Any access network device, or a device within an access network device (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system). The sensing method 900 includes the following steps S901-S910:

[0150] S901, network device acquisition scenario, network layout and antenna array parameters.

[0151] Specifically, the process includes steps 1-7, where step 1 involves obtaining relevant scene information, steps 2, 3, 6, and 7 involve obtaining relevant network layout information, and steps 4 and 5 involve obtaining relevant antenna array parameters. This embodiment does not limit the execution order of steps 1-7.

[0152] Step 1: The network device selects one of the candidate scenarios as the current scenario. Candidate scenarios include, for example, an urban macro (UMa) scenario, an urban micro-street canyon (UMi-Street Canyon) scenario, a rural macro (RMa) scenario, an indoor hotspot-office (InH-Office) scenario, or an indoor factory (InF) ​​scenario. The network device selects a global coordinate system and determines the elevation angle. Azimuth Angle of elevation spherical basis vectors and azimuth spherical basis vectors Among them, elevation angle When the angle is 0 degrees, it points to the zenith; elevation angle When +90 degrees, it points towards the horizon. Azimuth angle. Pointing to true north at 0 degrees and 360 degrees. The RMa scenario is applicable to frequencies up to 7 GHz, while other scenarios are applicable to frequencies up to 100 GHz.

[0153] Detailed information about these scenarios is shown in Table 1.

[0154] Table 1

[0155]

[0156] Step 2: Determine the number of network devices (e.g., base stations) and the number of terminal devices in the communication network.

[0157] Step 3: Determine the 3D position of the network device and the terminal device. Then, determine the AOD, ZOD, AOA, and ZOA of the network device, and the AOD, ZOD, AOA, and ZOA of the terminal device in the global coordinate system.

[0158] Step 4: The network device determines the field mode (including horizontal polarization and vertical polarization) and antenna array geometry in the global coordinate system, as well as the terminal device's field mode (including horizontal polarization and vertical polarization) and antenna array geometry in the global coordinate system.

[0159] Step 5: The network device determines the orientation of its antenna array relative to the global coordinate system, as well as the orientation of the terminal device's antenna array relative to the global coordinate system. The orientation of the network device's antenna array relative to the global coordinate system includes the following three angles: network device azimuth angle. Network equipment downtilt station and network device tilt angle The orientation of the terminal device's antenna array relative to the global coordinate system includes the following three angles: terminal device azimuth angle. Terminal equipment tilt station and the tilt angle of the terminal equipment .

[0160] Step 6: The network device determines the speed and direction of the terminal device's movement in the global coordinate system.

[0161] Step 7: Network equipment determines the system center frequency. And bandwidth B.

[0162] S902, Network equipment determines the transmission method between network equipment and terminal equipment.

[0163] In other words, the network device calculates the probability that the link between the network device and the terminal device (i.e., the BS-UT link) propagates in either LOS or NLOS mode. The propagation modes of different BS-UT links are independent. Furthermore, the network device determines an indoor or outdoor state for each terminal device. All BS-UT links of the same terminal device have the same indoor or outdoor state. The probability formulas for LOS or NLOS propagation in different scenarios are given in Table 7.4.2-1 of the communication standard TR38.901 and will not be repeated here.

[0164] S903, network devices calculate the path loss of the BS-UT link.

[0165] The calculation formulas for path loss of BS-UT links in different scenarios are detailed in Table 7.4.1-1 of the communication standard TR38.901, and will not be repeated here.

[0166] S904, network devices generate large-scale parameters.

[0167] As mentioned earlier, large-scale parameters include, for example, delay spread, angular spread, Ricean K-factor, and shadowing fading. The values ​​of these large-scale parameters for different scenarios are shown in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901. These large-scale parameters are independent of different BS-UT links; for example, they are independent of BS-UT links for terminal equipment on different floors. However, they are the same for links between co-located sectors and user equipment.

[0168] Next, the network device generates small-scale parameters, which, as mentioned earlier, include cluster delay, cluster power, cluster angle, and cross-polarization power ratio. The network device needs to calculate the corresponding small-scale parameters for both forward-scattering and backscattering clusters. Since the generation process for the small-scale parameters of forward-scattering and backscattering clusters is the same, no distinction is made between clusters in the following text.

[0169] S905: Cluster generation latency of network devices.

[0170] Cluster delays can be randomly sampled according to the delay distribution defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901, which will not be elaborated further here. It should be noted that under LOS conditions, additional adjustments need to be made to the cluster delay to compensate for the impact of LOS peaks on delay spread.

[0171] For an exponential delay distribution, the cluster delay is calculated using the following formula: ,in, It is the scaling factor of the time delay distribution. It conforms to a uniform distribution (0,1), where n is the cluster index. This can be achieved by subtracting the minimum delay. To perform normalization on cluster latency: Then, the normalized cluster delays are arranged in ascending order.

[0172] Under LOS conditions, additional scaling of the latency is required to obtain the scaled cluster latency: This is to compensate for the impact of LOS peak on latency spread. K is the Ricean K factor.

[0173] The time delay of each ray is determined by the cluster time delay. In addition to the definitions in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901 get.

[0174] S906: Cluster power generated by network devices.

[0175] Cluster power can be calculated using a single-slope exponential power delay distribution, specifically referring to the delay distribution defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901. It should be noted that under LOS conditions, since the first cluster is the strongest, an additional specular reflection component needs to be added to the first cluster.

[0176] For an exponentially delayed distribution, the cluster power is calculated using the following formula: ,in, This refers to the fading of shadows in each cluster. The cluster power can also be normalized so that the sum of the power of all clusters equals 1: .

[0177] The cluster power is processed as follows: .in, The power of a single LOS ray. ( ) is Dirac The function, where K is the Ricean K-factor.

[0178] The average power of each ray in the cluster is Pn / M, where M is the number of rays in the cluster.

[0179] S907: Network device cluster generation angle.

[0180] As mentioned above, cluster angles include AOA, AOD, ZOA, and ZOD. The composite power angular spectrum (PAS) of all clusters at the azimuth angle is modeled as a Gaussian distribution around the azimuth. The composite PAS of all clusters at the zenith angle is modeled as a Laplace distribution.

[0181] Regarding AOA generation:

[0182] The AOA of cluster n can be obtained using the following inverse Gaussian function: .in, , Here, denoted as cluster power, and ASA as root mean square angle extension. K is the proportionality factor related to the total number of clusters as defined in Table 7.5-2 of the communication standard TR38.901, where K is the Ricean K factor.

[0183] Then, for cluster n, AOA— Perform additional scaling to obtain the compensated AOA for cluster n: This is to compensate for the impact of the LOS peak on the angle spread and ensure the accuracy of the wireless channel model. Here, Xn is a random variable uniformly distributed on {1, -1}, used to assign a positive or negative sign to the angle; this randomness simulates the random spatial distribution of multipath signals. , is used to introduce random variables.

[0184] Finally, the AOA of the compensated cluster n is calculated as follows: Add the offset angle of ray m as defined in Table 7.5-3 of the communication standard TR38.901. The AOA of ray m in cluster n is obtained: .in, The root mean square value of the azimuth extension of a cluster ASA, as defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901.

[0185] The process of generating AOD is similar to that of generating AOA, except that AOA is calculated based on the coordinate system of the receiving end (terminal device), while AOD is calculated based on the coordinate system of the transmitting end (network device).

[0186] Regarding the generation of ZOA:

[0187] The ZOA of cluster n can be obtained using the following inverse Laplace function: .in, , ZSA represents the cluster power and the root mean square angle extension. K is the proportionality factor related to the total number of clusters as defined in Table 7.5-4 of the communication standard TR38.901, where K is the Ricean K factor.

[0188] Then for the ZOA of cluster n— Perform additional scaling to obtain the ZOA of cluster n after compensation: This is to compensate for the impact of the LOS peak on the angle spread and ensure the accuracy of the wireless channel model. Here, Xn is a random variable uniformly distributed on {1, -1}, used to assign a positive or negative sign to the angle; this randomness simulates the random spatial distribution of multipath signals. This is used to introduce random variables. If the link between the network device and the terminal device is an outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) scenario, then... ;otherwise .

[0189] Finally, the ZOA of the compensated cluster n is calculated as follows: Add the offset angle of ray m as defined in Table 7.5-3 of the communication standard TR38.901. The ZOA of ray m in cluster n is obtained: .in, The root mean square value of the azimuth extension of a cluster ZOA, as defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901.

[0190] The process of generating ZOD is similar to that of generating ZOA described above.

[0191] The ZOD of cluster n can be obtained using the following inverse Laplace function: .in, , ZSA represents the cluster power and the root mean square angle extension. K is the proportionality factor related to the total number of clusters as defined in Table 7.5-4 of the communication standard TR38.901, where K is the Ricean K factor.

[0192] Then for cluster n's ZOD— Perform additional scaling to obtain the ZOD of cluster n after compensation: This is to compensate for the impact of the LOS peak on the angle spread and ensure the accuracy of the wireless channel model. Here, Xn is a random variable uniformly distributed on {1, -1}, used to assign a positive or negative sign to the angle; this randomness simulates the random spatial distribution of multipath signals. , is used to introduce random variables. Refer to Tables 7.5-6, 7.5-7, and 7.5-8 in the communication standard TR38.901.

[0193] Finally, the ZOD of the compensated cluster n is calculated. Add the offset angle of ray m as defined in Table 7.5-3 of the communication standard TR38.901. The ZOD of ray m in cluster n is obtained: .in, It is the mean of the ZSD log-normal distribution.

[0194] Network devices can also obtain EAOD based on EAOD=90-ZOD.

[0195] S908: Network devices perform intra-cluster ray coupling in both azimuth and elevation directions.

[0196] Within a single cluster n, or within a sub-cluster n of the two strongest clusters: the AOD angle of ray m. AOA angle Random coupling; the ZOD angle of ray m From the perspective of ZOA Random coupling; the AOD angle of ray m With ZOD angle Random coupling.

[0197] The purpose of S908 is to more accurately simulate the multipath propagation characteristics of wireless channels. Through ray coupling within a single cluster, it can maintain the spatial consistency of rays within the cluster, accurately model the multipath effect, and support communication and sensing in high-frequency bands and complex scenarios.

[0198] S909: Network devices generate cross-polarization power ratio.

[0199] For each ray m of each cluster n, the cross-polarization power ratio is generated. The cross-polarization power ratio follows a log-normal distribution. , and The Gaussian distribution is defined in Table 7.5-6 of the communication standard TR38.901.

[0200] It should be noted that each ray of each cluster needs to be determined independently. For all links between co-located sectors and terminal devices, the results of steps S901-S909 should be the same.

[0201] S910: Network devices generate random phases.

[0202] For ray m in cluster n and four different polarization combinations Generate random phase random phase in The distribution is uniform within the range. Indicates the vertical polarization direction. Indicates the horizontal polarization direction. Indicates signal from The polarization antenna transmits the signal, and it is transmitted by... The vertical random phase received by the polarization antenna. Indicates signal from The polarization antenna transmits the signal, and it is transmitted by... The vertical and horizontal random phases received by the polarization antenna. Indicates signal from The polarization antenna transmits the signal, and it is transmitted by... The polarization antenna receives horizontal and vertical random phases. Indicates signal from The polarization antenna transmits the signal, and it is transmitted by... The polarization antenna receives horizontal random phase.

[0203] like Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a communication device is provided. The communication device 1000 may include a communication module 1010. The communication module 1010 can implement corresponding communication functions, which can be internal communication functions of the communication device 1000 or communication functions between the communication device 1000 and other devices. Optionally, the communication module 1010 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a transceiver module. Optionally, the communication device 1000 further includes a processing module 1020. The processing module 1020 can implement corresponding processing functions.

[0204] Optionally, the communication device 1000 further includes a storage module 1030, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing module 1020 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module 1030 so that the communication device 1000 can implement the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0205] In one possible design, the communication device 1000 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the network device. The communication device 1000 may be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0206] For example, the processing module 1020 is used to obtain the channel response function of the wireless channel model. The channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability. The forward scattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of the forward scattering after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The forward scattering probability represents the probability that the signal will be forward scattered during propagation. The backscattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of the backscattering after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The backscattering probability represents the probability that the signal will be backscattered during propagation. The communication module 1010 is used to perform target sensing based on the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

[0207] In one possible implementation, the processing module 1020 is used to obtain the channel response function of forward scattering, obtain the channel response function of backscattering, obtain the forward scattering probability, and obtain the backscattering probability; obtain the effective response strength of forward scattering based on the channel response function of forward scattering and the forward scattering probability; obtain the effective response strength of backscattering based on the channel response function of backscattering and the backscattering probability; and obtain the channel response function of the wireless channel model based on the effective response strength of forward scattering and the effective response strength of backscattering.

[0208] In one possible implementation, the processing module 1020 is used to obtain the channel response function of forward scattering based on the polarization direction of the antenna, the average power of the forward scattered ray, the time delay of the forward scattered ray, the cross-polarization power ratio of the forward scattered ray, the random phase of the forward scattered ray, the EAOD of the forward scattered ray, and the AOD of the forward scattered ray.

[0209] In one possible implementation, the forward-scattered channel response function is equal to:

[0210] .

[0211] Where f represents forward scattering. The time delay is represented by t, where t represents time, u is the source of the sensing signal, and v is the destination of the sensing signal. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the target end v. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the target end v; This represents the average power of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n at time t. This represents the time delay of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n at time t. This represents the cross-polarization power ratio of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the perpendicular random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the vertical-horizontal random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal and vertical random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal random phase of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the EAOD of ray m at the target end in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the azimuth angle (AOD) of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n at the target end. This represents the EAOD at the source end of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n. This represents the AOD at the source end of ray m in the forward scattering cluster n.

[0212] In one possible implementation, the processing module 1020 is used to obtain the backscattering channel response function based on the antenna polarization direction, the average power of the backscattered ray, the time delay of the backscattered ray, the cross-polarization power ratio of the backscattered ray, the random phase of the backscattered ray, the EAOD of the backscattered ray, and the AOD of the backscattered ray.

[0213] In one possible implementation, the backscattered channel response function is equal to:

[0214] .

[0215] Where b represents backscattering, The time delay is represented by t, where t represents time, u is the source of the sensing signal, and v is the destination of the sensing signal. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the source end u. This indicates the vertical polarization of the antenna at the target end v. This indicates the horizontal polarization of the antenna at the target end v; This represents the average power of ray k in the backscattering cluster n at time t. This represents the time delay of ray k in the backscattering cluster n at time t. This represents the cross-polarization power ratio of ray k in the backscattering cluster n; This represents the perpendicular random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the vertical-horizontal random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal and vertical random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the horizontal random phase of ray k in the backscattering cluster n; This represents the EAOD of ray k at the target end in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the AOD of ray k at the target end in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the EAOD at the source end of ray k in the backscattering cluster n. This represents the AOD at the source end of ray k in the backscattering cluster n.

[0216] In one possible implementation, the processing module 1020 is used to obtain the forward scattering probability based on the number of forward scattering clusters, the number of rays in the forward scattering clusters, the number of backscattering clusters, the number of rays in the backscattering clusters, the average power of the forward scattering rays, and the average power of the backscattering rays.

[0217] In one possible implementation, the forward scattering probability is equal to:

[0218] .

[0219] Where f represents forward scattering and t represents time. This represents the number of forward scattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the forward scattering cluster. This represents the number of backscattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the backscattering cluster. This represents the number of forward scattered rays at time t. This represents the number of backscattered rays at time t. This represents the average power of the forward-scattered ray at time t. This represents the average power of the backscattered ray at time t.

[0220] In one possible implementation, the communication module 1010 is used to obtain the forward scattering probability based on the number of forward scattering clusters, the number of rays in the forward scattering clusters, the number of backscattering clusters, the number of rays in the backscattering clusters, the average power of the forward scattering rays, and the average power of the backscattering rays.

[0221] In one possible implementation, the backscattering probability is equal to:

[0222] .

[0223] Where b represents forward scattering and t represents time. This represents the number of forward scattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the forward scattering cluster. This represents the number of backscattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the backscattering cluster. This represents the number of forward scattered rays at time t. This represents the number of backscattered rays at time t. This represents the average power of the forward-scattered ray at time t. This represents the average power of the backscattered ray at time t.

[0224] In one possible implementation, the communication module 1010 is used to multiply the forward scattering channel response function and the forward scattering probability to obtain the effective response intensity of the forward scattering.

[0225] In one possible implementation, the communication module 1010 is used to multiply the backscattering channel response function and the backscattering probability to obtain the effective backscattering response intensity.

[0226] In one possible implementation, the communication module 1010 is used to add the effective response intensity of forward scattering and the effective response intensity of backscattering to obtain the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

[0227] In one possible implementation, after the sensing signal emitted by the first network device is reflected by the target and reaches the second network device, the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the first network device and the second network device is equal to the product of the channel response function of the first wireless channel model and the channel response function of the second wireless channel model; wherein, the channel response function of the first wireless channel model is the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the first network device and the target, and the channel response function of the second wireless channel model is the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the target and the second network device.

[0228] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1100 may be a chip, chip system, or processor, etc., used in a network device to implement the above-described methods. The communication device 1100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above-described method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above-described method embodiments.

[0229] like Figure 11 As shown, the communication device 1100 may include one or more processors 1110, which may also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 1110 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device 1100 (e.g., a base station, baseband chip, user, user chip), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0230] In an alternative design, the processor 1110 may also store instructions and / or data, which can be executed by the processor 1110 to cause the communication device 1100 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0231] In another alternative design, the communication device 1100 may include a communication interface 1120 for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the communication interface 1120 may be a transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver. The transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver may be used for reading and writing code / data, or it may be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0232] Optionally, the communication device 1100 may include one or more memories 1130, which may store instructions that can be executed on the processor 1110, causing the communication device 1100 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memories 1130 may also store data. Optionally, the processor 1110 may also store instructions and / or data. The processor 1110 and the memories 1130 may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0233] It should be understood that, in one possible design, the steps in the method embodiments provided in this application can be implemented by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are not provided here.

[0234] In one implementation, the communication device 1100 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the network device in the above method embodiments. The processor 1110 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 1130, and when the processor 1110 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 1110 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the network device.

[0235] In another implementation, the communication device 1100 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the network device in the above method embodiments. The processor 1110 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 1130, and when the processor 1110 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 1110 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the network device.

[0236] It should be understood that the aforementioned processor can be one or more chips. For example, the processor can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0237] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0238] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a processor, including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is used to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute the method described in the embodiments of this application.

[0239] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0240] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a chip system, which includes one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, thereby causing the method described in the embodiments of this application to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0241] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0242] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned network device and terminal device.

[0243] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes executed by the network device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0244] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes executed by the network device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0245] The computer-readable storage medium may be the aforementioned volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it may include both volatile memory and non-volatile memory.

[0246] In the embodiments of this application, the terms and English abbreviations are exemplary examples given for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. This application does not preclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future agreements.

[0247] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated.

[0248] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0249] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0250] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A sensing method, characterized in that, The method includes: The channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained, which is derived from the forward scattering channel response function, the backscattering channel response function, the forward scattering probability, and the backscattering probability. The forward scattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of the forward scattering after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The forward scattering probability represents the probability that the signal will be forward scattered during propagation. The backscattering channel response function represents the amplitude and phase changes of the backscattering after the signal is scattered and reflected during propagation. The backscattering probability represents the probability that the signal will be backscattered during propagation. Sensing of the target is performed based on the channel response function of the wireless channel model; Wherein, the forward scattering probability is equal to: The backscattering probability is equal to: f represents forward scattering, and t represents time. This represents the number of forward scattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the forward scattering cluster. This represents the number of backscattering clusters at time t. Indicates the number of rays in the backscattering cluster. This represents the number of forward scattered rays at time t. This represents the number of backscattered rays at time t. This represents the average power of the forward-scattered ray at time t. This represents the average power of the backscattered ray at time t.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the channel response function of the forward scattering and the channel response function of the backscattering; The effective response intensity of the forward scattering is obtained based on the channel response function of the forward scattering and the forward scattering probability. The effective response intensity of the backscattering is obtained based on the channel response function of the backscattering and the backscattering probability. The channel response function of the wireless channel model is obtained based on the effective response strength of the forward scattering and the effective response strength of the backscattering.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the channel response function of the forward scattering includes: The channel response function of the forward scattering is obtained based on the antenna polarization direction, the average power of the forward scattering ray, the time delay of the forward scattering ray, the cross-polarization power ratio of the forward scattering ray, the random phase of the forward scattering ray, the departure elevation angle EAOD of the forward scattering ray, and the departure azimuth angle AOD of the forward scattering ray.

4. The method according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the backscattered channel response function includes: The channel response function of the backscatter is obtained based on the antenna polarization direction, the average power of the backscattered rays, the time delay of the backscattered rays, the cross-polarization power ratio of the backscattered rays, the random phase of the backscattered rays, the EAOD of the backscattered rays, and the AOD of the backscattered rays.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the effective response intensity of the forward scattering based on the channel response function of the forward scattering and the forward scattering probability includes: The effective response strength of the forward scattering is obtained by multiplying the channel response function of the forward scattering by the forward scattering probability.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the effective response intensity of the backscattering based on the channel response function of the backscattering and the backscattering probability includes: The effective response strength of the backscattering is obtained by multiplying the backscattering channel response function and the backscattering probability.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the channel response function of the wireless channel model based on the effective response strength of the forward scattering and the effective response strength of the backscattering includes: The effective response intensity of the forward scattering and the effective response intensity of the backscattering are added together to obtain the channel response function of the wireless channel model.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, If the sensing signal emitted by the first network device is reflected by the target and reaches the second network device, then the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the first network device and the second network device is equal to the product of the channel response function of the first wireless channel model and the channel response function of the second wireless channel model; wherein, the channel response function of the first wireless channel model is the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the first network device and the target, and the channel response function of the second wireless channel model is the channel response function of the wireless channel model between the target and the second network device.

9. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed, they cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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