Automatic welding device for PCBA circuit board components

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of circuit board welding, and particularly relates to a PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device which comprises a support, a bent face is arranged on the upper surface of the support, a reference block is fixedly installed on the front face of the support through bolts, and an air cylinder is connected to one side surface of the upper surface of the reference block in a penetrating mode. A hinge rod is connected to the side, away from the air cylinder, of the reference block in a penetrating mode, positioning blocks are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the reference block through bolts, a base is fixedly installed on the reference block through the positioning blocks on the two sides, and all links of circuit board positioning, clamping and welding are tightly connected through the pressing cover plate and the abutting end under the synergistic effect of the air cylinder and the hinge rod; the whole welding process can stably and continuously run without frequent manual intervention, the welding time of a single circuit board is shortened, the yield in unit time is remarkably improved, it is ensured that the circuit board cannot move in the welding process, a stable operation platform is provided for welding, and welding defects caused by shaking of the circuit board are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of circuit board soldering, and specifically relates to an automatic soldering device for PCBA circuit board components. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of technology, electronic devices are developing towards miniaturization, high performance, and multi-functionality. This makes the components on the PCBA circuit board more and more dense, the circuits more and more complex, and the requirements for soldering technology higher and higher. The traditional manual soldering method is difficult to meet the production requirements of high precision and high efficiency, and is prone to problems such as unstable soldering quality and poor consistency. Therefore, an automatic soldering device is needed to improve the soldering quality and production efficiency.

[0003] A patent with the Chinese invention patent publication number CN118989753A discloses an automatic soldering device for PCBA circuit board components, which relates to the technical field of circuit board soldering. The present invention includes a soldering table, and the upper outer surface of the soldering table is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, and a control panel including a control keyboard is arranged on the front outer surface of the soldering table; the present invention is based on the cooperation of a limiting mechanism and a fixing structure, and by adjusting the magnetism of the electromagnet to control the distance between the limiting block and the pallet, which is convenient for installing and fixing the circuit board. In addition, the fixing block can be used to limit the components. Moreover, the inner surface of the rubber sleeve on the surface of the fixing block is arc-shaped, and circular protrusions are arranged inside it. It can not only fix the components with a flat surface, but also use the gaps between adjacent circular protrusions to fix small and irregularly shaped components such as indicator lights.

[0004] However, the above technology often has the following defects: The soldering part still depends on the skill level and working state of workers. There are differences in soldering quality among different workers, and even for the same worker, quality fluctuations may occur after long-term work. Solder joint defects such as false soldering, missed soldering, and short circuit are likely to occur, affecting the performance and reliability of the product.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an automatic soldering device for PCBA circuit board components. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems proposed in the background art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: An automatic soldering device for PCBA circuit board components described in the present invention includes a bracket. The upper surface of the bracket is provided with a bent surface. The front surface of the bracket is fixedly installed with a reference block through bolts. One side surface of the upper surface of the reference block is penetrated and connected with a cylinder. The side of the reference block far from the cylinder is penetrated and connected with a hinge rod. The lower surface of the reference block is fixedly installed with a positioning block through bolts. The reference block is fixedly installed with a base through the positioning blocks on both sides. A support plate is placed on the lower surface of the reference block. The top of one side surface of the support plate is provided with a limiting end. One end of the cylinder penetrates and extends outside the support plate. The end of the cylinder penetrating the support plate is fixedly installed with a pressing cover plate. The end of the hinge rod penetrating the support plate is fixedly installed with a detection head. The detection head is placed on the top of the pressing cover plate. An installation hole is opened at the top of one side surface of the bracket. The inner arc surface of the installation hole is sleeved with a pin column. Both sides of the pin column are movably connected with a U-shaped connecting plate through a rotating shaft. The middle part of the front surface of the U-shaped connecting plate is provided with an inclined surface. One end surface of the inclined surface is provided with an abutting end. The abutting end is placed corresponding to the top pressing cover plate.

[0008] A threaded hole is opened in the end surface of the upper surface of the bent surface. A partition different plate is fixedly installed on the bent surface through the threaded hole at the top. A notch is provided at the edge of one side surface of the partition different plate.

[0009] The inner arc surface of the notch abuts against the outer arc surface of the cylinder. Positioning holes are opened on both sides of one side surface of the partition different plate. The inner arc surface of the positioning hole is penetrated and connected with a fastening nut.

[0010] One side surface of the fastening nut is fixedly installed with a pushing electric rod. One end of the pushing electric rod is provided with an extension rod. One end of the extension rod is fixedly installed with a welding end.

[0011] The number of the pushing electric rods is two, and they are symmetrically distributed in the two positioning holes with the partition different plate as the central point. A spring A is connected between the support plate and the reference block. The inner arc surface of the spring A is sleeved on the outer arc surface of the hinge rod.

[0012] The outer arc surface of the extension rod is sleeved with a positioning component. The positioning component includes a rear sleeve penetrated and connected on the outer arc surface of the extension rod. The top of the outer arc surface of the rear sleeve is provided with a fitting circular surface.

[0013] The outer arc surface of the fitting circular surface is movably sleeved with a fixed sleeve. The bottom of the outer arc surface of the rear sleeve is provided with a conical end. The outer arc surface of the conical end is provided with an external thread.

[0014] The bottom of the inner arc surface of the fixed sleeve is provided with an inner bent end. The inner bent end is in the same plane as the rear sleeve.

[0015] The conical end is threadedly connected with a conical front kit through the thread on the outer arc surface. The inner arc surface of the conical front kit is provided with internal threads, and the outer arc surface of the conical front kit is provided with an arc-shaped notch.

[0016] One end of the conical front kit is provided with a through hole. The conical front kit is connected with an extension rod through the through hole at one end. One end of the inner arc surface of the fixed sleeve is fixedly installed with a spring B, and one end of the spring B is connected with the outer arc surface of the extension rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. Through the cooperation of the pressing cover plate and the abutting end under the action of the air cylinder and the hinge rod, from the positioning, clamping to welding of the circuit board, each link is closely connected. Without frequent manual intervention, the entire welding process can operate continuously with stability, shortening the welding time of a single circuit board, significantly improving the output per unit time, ensuring that the circuit board will not be displaced during the welding process, providing a stable operation platform for welding, and reducing welding defects caused by the shaking of the circuit board.

[0019] 2. The heat generated by the concentrated welding torch through the positioning component ensures that the solder joints can be heated quickly and evenly, promoting the full melting and infiltration of the solder. The arc-shaped notch guides the flow direction of the solder, enabling the solder to be evenly distributed around the solder joints, forming plump and firm solder joints, improving the electrical connection performance and mechanical strength of the welding part, avoiding damage to the circuit board due to excessive pressure, and ensuring that the fitting circular surface and the circuit board always maintain good contact, guaranteeing the consistency of welding quality. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is the overall welding three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is the overall disassembly structure schematic diagram of the reference block of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is the overall front structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is the overall sectional structure schematic diagram of the positioning component in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is the overall structure schematic diagram of separating different boards in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is the overall partial sectional structure schematic diagram of the positioning component in the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1, bracket; 101, bending surface; 102, mounting hole; 2, reference block; 3, cylinder; 4, hinge rod; 5, base; 6, support plate; 601, limiting end; 7, pressing cover plate; 8, detection head; 9, pin column; 10, U-shaped connecting plate; 11, inclined surface; 111, abutting end; 12, separating plate; 121, notch; 122, positioning hole; 13, fastening nut; 14, pushing electric rod; 141, extension rod; 142, welding end; 15, spring A; 16, positioning component; 161, rear kit; 162, fitting circular surface; 163, fixing sleeve; 164, conical end; 165, inner bending end; 166, conical front kit; 167, arc-shaped notch; 168, spring B. Detailed implementation manner

[0028] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0029] Such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention includes a bracket 1. The upper surface of the bracket 1 is provided with a bending surface 101. The front surface of the bracket 1 is fixedly installed with a reference block 2 by bolts. One side surface of the upper surface of the reference block 2 is connected through a cylinder 3. The side of the reference block 2 away from the cylinder 3 is connected through a hinge rod 4. The lower surface of the reference block 2 is fixedly installed with positioning blocks by bolts. The reference block 2 is fixedly installed with a base 5 through the positioning blocks on both sides. A support plate 6 is placed on the lower surface of the reference block 2. A limiting end 601 is provided at the top of one side surface of the support plate 6. One end of the cylinder 3 penetrates through the support plate 6 and is fixedly installed with a pressing cover plate 7 outside the support plate 6. One end of the hinge rod 4 penetrating through the support plate 6 is fixedly installed with a detection head 8. The detection head 8 is placed on the top of the pressing cover plate 7. An installation hole 102 is opened at the top of one side surface of the bracket 1. The inner arc surface of the installation hole 102 is sleeved with a pin 9. Both sides of the pin 9 are movably connected with a U-shaped connecting plate 10 through a rotating shaft. The middle part of the front surface of the U-shaped connecting plate 10 is provided with an inclined surface 11. One end surface of the inclined surface 11 is provided with an abutting end 111. The abutting end 111 is placed corresponding to the top pressing cover plate 7. A threaded hole is opened in the end surface of the upper surface of the bending surface 101. The bending surface 101 is fixedly installed with a partition different plate 12 through the threaded hole at the top. A notch 121 is provided at the edge of one side surface of the partition different plate 12. The inner arc surface of the notch 121 abuts against the outer arc surface of the cylinder 3. Positioning holes 122 are opened on both sides of one side surface of the partition different plate 12. The inner arc surface of the positioning hole 122 is connected through a fastening nut 13. A pushing electric rod 14 is fixedly installed on one side surface of the fastening nut 13. One end of the pushing electric rod 14 is provided with an extension rod 141. One end of the extension rod 141 is fixedly installed with a welding end 142. The number of the pushing electric rods 14 is two and they are symmetrically distributed in the two positioning holes 122 with the partition different plate 12 as the central point. A spring A15 is connected between the support plate 6 and the reference block 2. The inner arc surface of the spring A15 is sleeved on the outer arc surface of the hinge rod 4.

[0030] Generally, the PCBA circuit board is batch-transported by means of a conveyor belt or a special conveying device and is transported in an orderly manner from right to left according to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, during the transportation process, the PCBA circuit board to be processed will be conveyed to the area without components on one side of the board body and placed stably between the pressing cover plate 7 and the abutting end 111. The detection head 8 is installed on the top of the pressing cover plate 7. When the detection head 8 receives the signal instruction that the PCBA circuit board is in place, it will immediately transmit the signal to the control system. The control system responds quickly and controls the piston rod on one side of the cylinder 3 to extend, pushing the connected pressing cover plate 7 to gradually move downward.

[0031] During the downward movement of the pressing cover plate 7, the hinge rod 4 on the other side will operate synchronously. As the pressing cover plate 7 moves, the hinge rod 4 will compress the spring A15 according to its moving range. Both the air cylinder 3 and the hinge rod 4 penetrate and connect to the support plate 6. The support plate 6 not only plays a role in fixing the positions of the air cylinder 3 and the hinge rod 4, but also provides a reference for the operator. The operator can judge whether the PCBA circuit board is parallel to the limiting end 601 on one side of the support plate 6 after being placed by observation, ensuring the accuracy of the circuit board placement.

[0032] As the air cylinder 3 continues to press down, the pressing cover plate 7 gradually approaches the abutting end 111. Eventually, the two fit tightly, firmly clamping the PCBA circuit board. At this time, due to the elastic buffering of the spring A15, the pressing cover plate 7 can adapt to circuit boards of different thicknesses, ensuring uniform clamping force and avoiding damage to the circuit board due to excessive pressure. After the circuit board is stably clamped, the subsequent soldering process can be carried out in an orderly manner. It not only provides a stable working platform for soldering, reducing the soldering defect rate caused by circuit board shaking, but also can achieve full automation of the soldering process through linkage with automated soldering equipment, greatly improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0033] During the production process, there are various requirements for the positions and angles of the solder joints on the PCBA circuit board. Inside the mounting hole 102 of the bracket 1, a U-shaped connecting plate 10 is installed. The U-shaped connecting plate 10 can be flexibly adjusted at multiple angles through the coordinated connection of the pin 9 and the thread. The operator only needs to turn the corresponding threaded component according to the specific distribution of the solder joints on the PCBA circuit board and the requirements of the soldering process, and can easily change the inclination angle of the U-shaped connecting plate 10.

[0034] As the angle of the U-shaped connecting plate 10 is adjusted, the position of the entire clamping mechanism connected to it will also change accordingly, causing the included angle of the PCBA circuit board clamped between the pressing cover plate 7 and the abutting end 111 to change accordingly. This not only ensures that the solder joints are always in the best soldering position, improving the convenience of the soldering operation, but also effectively avoids quality problems such as false soldering and missed soldering caused by poor soldering angles, improving the stability of the soldering quality.

[0035] Such as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, a positioning component 16 is sleeved on the outer arc surface of the extension rod 141. The positioning component 16 includes a rear sleeve 161 penetrating and connected to the outer arc surface of the extension rod 141. At the top of the outer arc surface of the rear sleeve 161, there is a fitting circular surface 162. A fixing sleeve 163 is movably sleeved on the outer arc surface of the fitting circular surface 162. At the bottom of the outer arc surface of the rear sleeve 161, there is a conical end 164. An external thread is provided on the outer arc surface of the conical end 164. At the bottom of the inner arc surface of the fixing sleeve 163, there is an inwardly bent end 165. The inwardly bent end 165 is in the same plane as the rear sleeve 161. The conical end 164 is threadedly connected with a conical front sleeve 166 through the thread on the outer arc surface. An internal thread is provided on the inner arc surface of the conical front sleeve 166. And an arc-shaped notch 167 is provided on the outer arc surface of the conical front sleeve 166. One end of the conical front sleeve 166 is provided with a through hole. The conical front sleeve 166 is connected to the extension rod 141 through the through hole at one end. A spring B 168 is fixedly installed at one end of the inner arc surface of the fixing sleeve 163. One end of the spring B 168 is connected to the outer arc surface of the extension rod 141.

[0036] Before the welding operation, after the welding torch is positioned with the PCBA circuit board, the pushing electric rod 14 is pushed as a power output unit. It is in an initial contracted state. The welding end 142 connected to its front end is connected to the fixing sleeve 163. Inside the fixing sleeve 163, there is a nested structure including the rear sleeve 161, the fitting circular surface 162. One end of the spring B 168 abuts against the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 163, and the other end is in close contact with the rear sleeve 161, maintaining the initial position of the entire component.

[0037] When the detection head 8 detects that the PCBA circuit board is clamped and positioned, the pushing electric rod 14 starts to extend, pushing the welding end 142 to move towards the PCBA circuit board. As the welding end 142 moves forward, it drives the fixing sleeve 163 and the internal components connected thereto to move forward synchronously. At this time, the conical front sleeve 166 approaches the PCBA circuit board first, which not only facilitates alignment of the solder joints but also can, to a certain extent, remove impurities around the solder joints.

[0038] As the fixing sleeve 163 continues to advance, the fitting circular surface 162 comes into contact with the surface of the PCBA circuit board. The curved surface design of the fitting circular surface 162 ensures good fit with the circuit board surface, providing stable support for subsequent welding. At the same time, the spring B 168 starts to contract under the extrusion of the rear sleeve 161, buffering the pushing force of the fixing sleeve 163 to prevent damage to the circuit board due to excessive pressure. During the process of the fitting circular surface 162 fitting the circuit board, the conical end 164 and the inwardly bent end 165 work together to further stabilize the relative position of the component and the circuit board. The inwardly bent end 165 forms a certain wrapping force on the edge of the circuit board through its special bending structure, preventing the circuit board from shifting during the welding process. And the conical end 164 forms a relatively closed space around the solder joint, which helps to concentrate the heat generated by the welding torch and improve the welding efficiency.

[0039] After the above components are stably attached to the circuit board, the soldering gun starts to work, precisely applying solder to the solder joints. The design of the arc-shaped notch 167 provides a guiding channel for the flow of solder, ensuring that the solder is evenly distributed around the solder joints and improving the welding quality. After welding is completed, the pushing electric rod 14 starts to contract, driving the entire component to withdraw from the PCBA circuit board. The spring B168 gradually returns to its original state, pushing the rear kit 161 and related components to reset, preparing for the next welding operation.

[0040] The above front, rear, left, right, up, and down are all based on the Figure 1 description in the accompanying drawings of the specification. Taking the perspective of the observer as the standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, and the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device, characterized by: The invention comprises a bracket (1), wherein the upper surface of the bracket (1) is provided with a bending surface (101), a reference block (2) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the bracket (1) by means of bolts, a cylinder (3) is penetrated and connected to one side of the upper surface of the reference block (2), a hinge rod (4) is penetrated and connected to the side of the reference block (2) away from the cylinder (3), a positioning block is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the reference block (2) by means of bolts, a base (5) is fixedly mounted on the reference block (2) by means of positioning blocks on both sides, a support plate (6) is placed on the lower surface of the reference block (2), a limiting end (601) is provided on the top of one side surface of the support plate (6), one end of the cylinder (3) is penetrated and connected to the outside of the support plate (6), and the The cylinder (3) passes through one end of the support plate (6) and is fixedly mounted with a pressure cover plate (7); the hinged rod (4) passes through one end of the support plate (6) and is fixedly mounted with a detection head (8); the detection head (8) is placed on the top of the pressure cover plate (7); a mounting hole (102) is opened at the top of one side surface of the bracket (1); a pin column (9) is sleeved on the inner arc surface of the mounting hole (102); both sides of the pin column (9) are movably connected with a U-shaped connecting plate (10) through a rotating shaft; an inclined surface (11) is provided in the middle of the front side of the U-shaped connecting plate (10); a contact end (111) is provided on one side end surface of the inclined surface (11); the contact end (111) is placed corresponding to the pressure cover plate (7) at the top.

2. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded hole is provided in the upper end surface of the bending surface (101), a partition plate (12) is fixedly mounted on the bending surface (101) through the threaded hole at the top, and a notch (121) is provided at the edge of one side surface of the partition plate (12).

3. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner arc surface of the notch (121) abuts against the outer arc surface of the cylinder (3), and positioning holes (122) are provided on both sides of one side surface of the partition plate (12), and the inner arc surface of the positioning hole (122) is penetrated and connected with a fastening nut (13).

4. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A push electric rod (14) is fixedly mounted on one side surface of the fastening nut (13), an extension rod (141) is provided at one end of the push electric rod (14), and a welding end (142) is fixedly mounted at one end of the extension rod (141).

5. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the pushing electric rods (14) is two, and they are symmetrically distributed in the two positioning holes (122) with the partition plate (12) as the center point. A spring A (15) is connected between the support plate (6) and the reference block (2), and the inner arc surface of the spring A (15) is sleeved on the outer arc surface of the hinge rod (4).

6. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer arc surface of the extension rod (141) is sleeved with a positioning assembly (16); The positioning assembly (16) comprises a rear sleeve (161) which penetrates and is connected to the outer arc surface of the extension rod (141); a fitting circular surface (162) is provided at the top of the outer arc surface of the rear sleeve (161).

7. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer arc surface of the fitting circular surface (162) is movably sleeved with a fixing sleeve (163), the bottom of the outer arc surface of the rear sleeve (161) is provided with a conical end (164), and the outer arc surface of the conical end (164) is provided with an external thread.

8. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inner curved end (165) is provided at the bottom of the inner curved surface of the fixing sleeve (163), and the inner curved end (165) and the rear sleeve (161) are located in the same plane.

9. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The conical end (164) is connected to a conical front sleeve (166) via a thread on the outer arc surface; the inner arc surface of the conical front sleeve (166) is provided with an inner thread; and the outer arc surface of the conical front sleeve (166) is provided with an arc-shaped notch (167).

10. The PCBA circuit board component automatic welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided at one end of the conical front sleeve (166), and the conical front sleeve (166) is connected to the extension rod (141) via the through hole at one end; a spring B (168) is fixedly mounted on one end of the inner arc surface of the fixing sleeve (163), and one end of the spring B (168) is connected to the outer arc surface of the extension rod (141).

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