Multifunctional device for measuring concentricity of engine case and coaxiality of rotor

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine case and the coaxiality of a rotor, the multifunctional device comprises a mounting rack, a mounting platform, a rotating device and a testing device, the rotating device comprises two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings, and the two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings are oppositely mounted and are fixed with the mounting rack through bearing seats; an axial pre-tightening load is applied between the two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings through a bearing pressing ring, and a rotating shaft is arranged in the two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings; the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected with a hollow rotation driving mechanism, the top is connected with a rotating tray, and the testing device is movably connected with the rotating tray. The multifunctional device has the advantages of being high in rotation precision, high in measurement precision, low in manufacturing cost, easy to install, high in flexibility, capable of achieving three-dimensional non-contact measurement and the like, and the assembling quality and efficiency of the aero-engine case and the rotor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aero-engine measurement, and particularly to a multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor. Background Art

[0002] During the assembly process of an aero-engine, the concentricity of the casing is mostly measured by a coordinate measuring machine or with the aid of a vertical lathe and a lever micrometer. Among them, the coordinate measuring machine has the advantages of high precision, complete data, and high operation flexibility. However, its measuring stroke is often limited, and the equipment price is expensive, so it is generally not suitable for the concentricity detection of large-sized casings. Manually measuring with a vertical lathe and a lever micrometer is a relatively common method. The vertical lathe has the advantages of simple operation and wide stroke range. However, the radial error of the rotary table of the lathe is relatively high, and the non-numerical control integrated measuring instrument can often only measure the maximum non-concentric result of the cross-section of interest, and cannot obtain the three-dimensional measured data of different phases of each cross-section of the casing, and the equipment use cost is relatively high. Some units have also designed some special measuring devices and methods for different usage scenarios. For example, a method for measuring the installation concentricity of an engine and a rotor, patent publication number: CN106643472 A. This method uses an eddy current sensor to measure the gap between the tip of the rotor blade and the casing, and leads the wire out from the casing. It is necessary to wind the conduction lead of the sensor around the rotor circumference at least one turn in advance. During the measurement process, the wires are cross-wound to connect the rotor and the casing, which affects the rotational flexibility of the rotor and the operation difficulty of the measurement process is large.

[0003] The more common method for measuring the coaxiality of a rotor is to design a fulcrum support tooling and manually measure it with a lever dial indicator. This method requires the rotor to be fully assembled before measurement, and process parameters cannot be monitored during the assembly process. Once the result exceeds the limit, the rotor needs to be disassembled and reassembled, which affects the assembly efficiency. With the development of electromechanical technology and testing technology, more and more people have started to research rotor stacking devices, such as the aviation engine rotor assembly method and device based on a centering and tilting turntable developed by Harbin Institute of Technology (Patent Publication No.: CN 103791819A), the aviation engine rotor assembly method and device based on four-channel inductive sensor measurement (Patent Publication No.: CN 103791831A), etc. The core of the rotor stacking device is a rotary platform and sensors. The rotary platform includes an air-bearing turntable, a magnetic-bearing turntable, an air-magnetic composite bearing turntable, etc. These turntables have the advantages of high precision, low friction, no need for lubrication, and good high-speed performance, but also have the disadvantages of high manufacturing cost, strict installation and maintenance requirements, limited load-bearing capacity, complex control system, and sensitivity to the environment. Sensors are mainly used for angular displacement and linear displacement measurement. Among them, grating angular displacement sensors are generally used for angular displacement, with a relatively simple structure. Commonly used linear displacement sensors include capacitive sensors, inductive sensors, eddy current sensors, etc. Capacitive sensors have the advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution, and non-contact measurement, but also have the disadvantages of small measurement range and high cost; inductive sensors and eddy current sensors both have the advantages of high sensitivity, fast response speed, simple structure, and non-contact measurement, but at the same time have the disadvantages of small measurement range and weak anti-interference ability, and are only applicable to conductive materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor. It can be used for measuring the concentricity of casings of different sizes and the coaxiality of rotors, and has the characteristics of high rotary precision, high measurement precision, low manufacturing cost, easy installation, high flexibility, and can realize three-dimensional non-contact measurement, so as to improve the assembly quality and efficiency of an aviation engine casing and a rotor.

[0005] The present invention provides a multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor, comprising a mounting frame, a mounting platform, a rotary device and a test device. The mounting platform is fixed on the mounting frame, the rotary device is fixed at the central position of the mounting platform, and the test device is movably connected to the rotary device. The rotary device includes two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings. The two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings are mounted facing each other and fixed to the mounting frame through bearing seats. An axial preloading load is applied between the two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings through a bearing compression ring. A rotating shaft is arranged inside the two single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings. The bottom of the rotating shaft is connected with a hollow rotary drive mechanism, and the top is connected with a rotary tray. The test device is movably connected to the rotary tray.

[0006] Further improvement: The hollow rotary drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting frame and includes a servo motor, a reducer and an angular displacement sensor, and drives the rotating shaft to freely rotate angularly through a shaft sleeve.

[0007] Further improvement: A conductive slip ring is installed below the shaft sleeve to facilitate the connection and signal output of the leads of the intermediate rotary measurement sensor.

[0008] Further improvement: The rotational speed of the hollow rotary drive mechanism is 5 - 10 r / min, the torque is ≥50 N·m, and the angular positioning accuracy is ≤3 arcmin.

[0009] Further improvement: The test device is a central rotary measurement module, including a central rotating shaft, a radial column rod connecting piece, a radial measuring rod, a radial sensor connecting piece, a radial laser displacement sensor, an axial sensor connecting piece, an axial laser displacement sensor, an axial sensor connecting piece, and an axial column rod connecting piece.

[0010] Further improvement: The test device is a mounting adapter platform, an axial two-dimensional automatic sliding table measurement module and a radial two-dimensional automatic sliding table measurement module.

[0011] Further improvement: The test device is a mounting adapter platform, an axial two-dimensional automatic sliding table measurement module, a radial two-dimensional automatic sliding table measurement module and an alignment and inclination adjustment rotor support.

[0012] Further improvement: The axial two-dimensional automatic sliding table measurement module includes a lead screw sliding table, a through-type lead screw motor, an axial sensor connecting piece and an axial laser displacement sensor. The radial two-dimensional automatic sliding table measurement module includes a lead screw sliding table, a radial through-type lead screw motor, a radial sensor connecting piece, a radial laser displacement sensor and a connecting rod. Further improvement: The alignment and inclination adjustment rotor support includes a rotor support, an inclination adjustment screw and an alignment mechanism.

[0013] The present invention also provides a measurement method for a multifunctional device used to measure the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor, including the measurement of the concentricity of a large-sized casing, the measurement of the concentricity of a small-sized casing, and the measurement of the three-dimensional coaxiality of the rotor.

[0014] When measuring the concentricity of a large-sized casing (inner diameter ≥ 500 mm), the casing is installed on an installation platform, and the central rotary measurement module is installed on a rotary tray. Laser displacement sensors for radial and axial measurement are installed on the central rotary measurement module. Such sensors have high measurement accuracy (better than ±1 μm), a wide measurement range (±3.7 mm), and a small spot diameter (<φ0.5 mm), meeting the requirements for measuring the installation errors of conventional engine parts. The rotary device drives the central rotary measurement module to rotate, and the radial and axial rotary errors of the reference casing are measured through the sensors while rotating to align the reference casing. Then, other casings are installed, and the errors of other casings relative to the reference casing are continuously measured during the installation process, thereby obtaining the concentricity errors of important cross-sections such as the fulcrum, flow path, stator blade tip, and sealing ring of the entire engine casing. This measurement method of keeping the workpiece stationary and rotating the sensor has low requirements for the size and load-bearing capacity of the central turntable, which can reduce the equipment manufacturing cost.

[0015] When measuring the concentricity of a small-sized casing (inner diameter < 500 mm), an adapter platform is installed on the rotary tray, and an axial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module and a radial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module are fixed on the installation platform. The axial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module consists of a lead screw slide table, a through-type lead screw motor, an axial sensor connecting piece, and an axial laser displacement sensor. The radial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module has a similar structure, with one more set of adapter rods and radial sensor connecting pieces. The two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module can achieve precise automatic adjustment of the sensor position in the radial and axial directions. The casing is installed on the adapter platform and rotated, and the radial and axial rotary errors of the reference casing are measured through the laser displacement sensors to align the reference casing. Then, other casings are installed in sequence, and the errors of other casings relative to the reference casing are continuously measured during the installation process, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional concentricity errors of the entire engine casing.

[0016] When stacking the rotor components, an adapter platform is installed on the rotary tray, and a centering and tilting rotor bracket is installed on the adapter platform. The centering and tilting rotor bracket consists of a rotor bracket, tilting screws, and a centering mechanism, which is used for radial and axial alignment of the reference rotating shaft. After alignment, the centering and tilting rotor bracket and the reference rotating shaft are fixed. Then, the remaining stages of the rotor are installed in sequence, and the radial coaxiality error and axial tilt error of the rotor are measured stage by stage using the axial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module and the radial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module. The precise measurement of the three-dimensional coaxiality data of the rotor can be achieved by combining the two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module with the angular positioning of the rotary device.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The rotary platform design method using a single-row centripetal tapered roller bearing to determine the rotary reference has the characteristics of high precision, strong load-bearing capacity, simple structure, and low manufacturing cost.

[0018] 2. This device has the functions of measuring the concentricity of the casing and the coaxiality of the rotor on the same platform; 3. By fixing the object to be measured and rotating the test sensor, a slip ring electrical connector is introduced to solve the problem of signal line rotation. The function of measuring the concentricity of a large-size casing can be realized by using a relatively small turntable, and the requirement for the load-bearing capacity of the turntable is not high, reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment; 4. Adding a rotary platform to the rotary shaft system can realize the measurement of the concentricity of a small-size casing; 5. Using a two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module and a rotary device, the automatic control and continuous measurement of the sensor in the axial, radial, and angular positions in the cylindrical coordinate system can be realized, which is convenient for obtaining three-dimensional accurate data of the casing concentricity and the rotor coaxiality. The used laser displacement sensor has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, wide measurement range, low cost, and non-contact measurement without affecting the surface state of the parts. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional device when measuring the concentricity of a large-size casing.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a two-dimensional sectional view of the structure of the multifunctional device when measuring the concentricity of a large-size casing.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional device when measuring the concentricity of a small-size casing.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional device when measuring the rotor stacking and assembly.

[0024] Part numbers in the figure: 1 - mounting bracket, 2 - mounting platform, 3 - slewing device, 3a - hollow rotary drive mechanism, 3b - conductive slip ring, 3c - bushing, 3d - bearing compression ring, 3e - single-row centripetal tapered roller bearing, 3f - bearing housing, 3g - slewing shaft, 3h - slewing tray, 4 - central slewing measurement module, 4a - central slewing shaft, 4b - radial column connecting piece, 4c - radial measuring rod, 4d - radial sensor connecting piece, 4e - radial laser displacement sensor, 4f - axial sensor connecting piece, 4g - axial laser displacement sensor, 4h - axial sensor connecting piece, 4i - axial column connecting piece, 5 - casing assembly, 6 - mounting adapter platform, 7 - axial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module, 7a - axial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module consists of a lead screw slide table, 7b - through-type lead screw motor, 7c - axial sensor connecting piece, 8 - radial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module, 8a - radial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module consists of a lead screw slide table, 8b - radial through-type lead screw motor, 8c - radial sensor connecting piece, 8d - radial laser displacement sensor, 8e - adapter rod, 9 - centering and tilting rotor bracket, 9a - rotor bracket, 9b - tilting screw, 9c - centering mechanism. Specific embodiments

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] A specific embodiment of the present invention is as Figures 1-4 shown. The device consists of a mounting bracket 1, a mounting platform 2, a slewing device 3, a central slewing measurement module 4, an adapter platform 6, an axial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module 7, a radial two-dimensional automatic slide table measurement module 8, a centering and tilting rotor bracket 9, etc.

[0027] The mounting bracket and the mounting platform are horizontally placed on the ground. A T-shaped groove is opened on the mounting platform for fixing the workpiece to be measured. The rotary device is fixed at the center position of the mounting platform. The rotary device consists of a hollow rotary drive mechanism 3a, a conductive slip ring 3b, a bushing 3c, a bearing pressing ring 3d, a single-row centripetal tapered roller bearing 3e, a bearing housing 3f, a rotary shaft 3g, and a rotary tray 3h. Among them, the front and rear single-row centripetal tapered roller bearings are installed oppositely, and small interference fits are used for both the inner and outer rings of the bearings. An axial preloading load is applied through the bearing pressing ring 3d to eliminate the radial clearance of the bearings and ensure that the rotary center reference is uniquely determined. The hollow rotary drive mechanism is installed below, which consists of a servo motor, a reducer, an angular displacement sensor, etc. The rotation speed is 5 - 10 r / min, the torque is greater than or equal to 50 N·m, and the angular positioning accuracy is ≤ 3 arcmin. The bushing 3c is used to drive the rotary shaft 3g to rotate freely in the angular direction for precise positioning. The bushing is installed with the conductive slip ring 3b below, which is convenient for the connection of the leads of the intermediate rotary measurement sensor and the signal output.

[0028] When measuring the concentricity of a large-sized casing (inner diameter ≥ 500 mm), the casing is installed on the mounting platform, and the central rotary measurement module 4 is installed on the rotary tray 3h. Laser displacement sensors for radial and axial measurement are installed on the central rotary measurement module. Such sensors have high measurement accuracy (better than ±1 μm), a wide measurement range (±3.7 mm), and a small spot diameter (<φ0.5 mm), meeting the measurement requirements for the installation errors of conventional engine parts. The rotary device 3 drives the central rotary measurement module to rotate, and the radial and axial rotary errors of the reference casing are measured through the sensors to align the reference casing. Then, other casings are installed, and the errors of other casings relative to the reference casing are continuously measured during the installation process, so as to obtain the concentricity errors of important sections such as the fulcrum, flow path, stator blade tip, and seal ring of the entire engine casing. This measurement method of keeping the workpiece stationary and the sensor rotating does not require high dimensions and load-bearing capacity for the central turntable, and can reduce the equipment manufacturing cost.

[0029] When measuring the concentricity of a small-sized casing (inner diameter < 500 mm), install the adapter platform 6 on the rotary tray 3h, and fix the axial two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module 7 and the radial two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module 8 on the installation platform. The axial two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module consists of a lead screw slide 7a, a through-type lead screw motor 7b, an axial sensor connecting piece 7c, and an axial laser displacement sensor 8d. The radial two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module has a similar structure, including a lead screw slide 8a, a radial through-type lead screw motor 8b, a radial sensor connecting piece 8c, a radial laser displacement sensor 8d, and an adapter rod 8e. The two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module can achieve precise automatic adjustment of the sensor position in the radial and axial directions. Install the casing on the adapter platform and rotate it. Measure the radial and axial rotation errors of the reference casing through the laser displacement sensor, align the reference casing, and then install other casings in sequence. During the installation process, continue to measure the errors of other casings relative to the reference casing, so as to obtain the three-dimensional concentricity error of the entire engine casing.

[0030] When stacking the rotor assembly, install the adapter platform 6 on the rotary tray 3h, and install the centering and tilting rotor bracket 9 on the adapter platform. The centering and tilting rotor bracket consists of a rotor bracket 9a, a tilting screw 9b, and a centering mechanism 9c, and is used for radial and axial alignment of the reference rotating shaft. After alignment, fix the centering and tilting rotor bracket and the reference rotating shaft, and then install the remaining stages of the rotor in sequence. Use the axial two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module 7 and the radial two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module 8 to measure the radial coaxiality error and the axial tilt error of the rotor stage by stage. The two-dimensional automatic slide measuring module combined with the angular positioning of the rotary device 3 can achieve precise measurement of the three-dimensional coaxiality data of the rotor.

[0031] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the equipment embodiment, the above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. Since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. For any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of without departing from the principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor, characterized in that: It includes a mounting frame, a mounting platform, a rotating device and a test device, wherein the mounting platform is fixed on the mounting frame, the rotating device is fixed at the center of the mounting platform, and the test device is movably connected to the rotating device; the rotating device includes two single-row radial tapered roller bearings, which are installed opposite to each other and fixed to the mounting frame through a bearing seat, an axial preload is applied between the two single-row radial tapered roller bearings through a bearing clamping ring, and a rotating shaft is arranged inside the two single-row radial tapered roller bearings; a hollow rotating drive mechanism is connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a rotating tray is connected to the top, and the test device is movably connected to the rotating tray.

2. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow rotary drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, comprises a servo motor, a reducer, and an angular displacement sensor, and drives the rotary shaft to rotate angularly freely through a shaft sleeve.

3. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conductive slip ring is installed below the shaft sleeve.

4. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow rotary drive mechanism has a rotation speed of 5 to 10 r / min, a torque of ≥50 N.m, and an angular positioning accuracy of ≤3 arcmin.

5. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device is a central rotation measurement module, including a central rotation axis, a radial column connecting piece, a radial measuring rod, a radial sensor connecting piece, a radial laser displacement sensor, an axial sensor connecting piece, an axial laser displacement sensor, an axial sensor connecting piece, and an axial column connecting piece.

6. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device is equipped with a transfer platform, an axial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module and a radial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module.

7. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device is equipped with a transfer platform, an axial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module, a radial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module and a centering and tilting rotor bracket.

8. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The axial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module includes a screw slide, a through-type screw motor, an axial sensor connector, and an axial laser displacement sensor; the radial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module includes a radial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module consisting of a screw slide, a radial through-type screw motor, a radial sensor connector, a radial laser displacement sensor, and a transfer rod.

9. The multifunctional device for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The centering and tilting adjustment rotor bracket comprises a rotor bracket, a tilting adjustment screw and a centering mechanism.

10. A method for measuring the concentricity of an engine casing and the coaxiality of a rotor using a multifunctional device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that Including large-size casing concentricity measurement, small-size casing concentricity measurement and rotor three-dimensional coaxiality measurement; When measuring the concentricity of a large-sized casing, the casing assembly is mounted on the mounting platform, the center rotation measurement module is mounted on the rotating tray, and the radial and axial measurement laser displacement sensors are mounted on the center rotation measurement module. The rotating device drives the center rotation measurement module to rotate, and the radial and axial rotation errors of the reference casing are measured by sensor rotation. The reference casing is aligned, and then other casings are installed. During the installation process, the errors of other casings relative to the reference casing are continuously measured, thereby obtaining the concentricity errors of important sections of the entire engine casing. When measuring the concentricity of a small-sized casing, an adapter platform is installed on the rotating tray, and an axial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module and a radial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module are fixed on the installation platform. The two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module realizes accurate automatic adjustment of the sensor position in the radial and axial directions; the casing assembly is installed on the adapter platform and rotated, and the radial and axial rotation errors of the reference casing are measured by the laser displacement sensor, the reference casing is aligned, and then other casings are installed in turn. During the installation process, the errors of other casings relative to the reference casing are continuously measured, so as to obtain the three-dimensional concentricity error of the entire engine casing; When stacking rotor assemblies, a transfer platform is installed on the rotating pallet, and a centering and tilting rotor bracket is installed on the transfer platform. The centering and tilting rotor bracket consists of a rotor bracket, a tilting screw and a centering mechanism, and is used for radial and axial alignment of the reference shaft. After alignment, the centering and tilting rotor bracket and the reference shaft are fixed, and then the remaining stages of rotors are installed in turn. The axial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module and the radial two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module are used to measure the radial coaxiality error and axial tilt error of the rotor step by step. The two-dimensional automatic slide measurement module is combined with the angular positioning of the rotating device to realize the measurement of the three-dimensional coaxiality data of the rotor.

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