Hydraulic ring geological exploration sampling equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sampling equipment, and discloses hydraulic ring geological exploration sampling equipment which comprises a bottom plate and a sampling pipe, a through hole for the sampling pipe to penetrate through is formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate in a penetrating mode, a vertical frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and a lifting plate capable of sliding up and down is installed on the inner wall of the vertical frame; two guide rods are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the lifting plate, a mounting plate is slidably mounted on the outer surfaces of the two guide rods, a connecting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate, and the top end of the sampling pipe is inserted into the connecting sleeve and is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve; and limiting rings are fixedly mounted at the bottom ends of the two guide rods. When the bottom end of the sampling pipe is inserted into the ground and encounters an underground hard stone, the lifting gear can drive the whole lifting plate to move upwards, so that the sampling pipe is lifted upwards, and the situation that the bottom end of the sampling pipe is continuously inserted downwards when encountering the hard stone, and a pipe opening is damaged is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sampling equipment, and in particular to a hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological exploration sampling equipment. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological work includes three aspects: hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology. When conducting geological exploration on it, exploration equipment is needed to sample the geological environment. Common exploration sampling equipment consists of an electromechanical part and a sampling part. During use, it is moved to the geological environment to be sampled. After the electromechanical part is started, the sampling part is drilled into the geology to complete the sampling operation.

[0003] An existing geological and mineral exploration sampling equipment (Publication No.: CN221803426U) has at least the following drawbacks: The above patent drives the mounting plate to move up and down through a hydraulic cylinder. In combination with the through groove, under the interaction of the motor and the sampling cylinder, the sampling operation is carried out; since there are some relatively hard stones in the ground soil, when the end of the sampling cylinder encounters a stone, if the hydraulic cylinder continues to drive the sampling cylinder to move downward, it will cause the end of the sampling cylinder to be deformed and damaged due to extrusion with the stone. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks existing in the prior art, and to propose a hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological exploration sampling equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydrogeological, engineering geological and environmental geological exploration sampling equipment, including a bottom plate and a sampling pipe. A through hole for the sampling pipe to pass through is penetrated through the upper surface of the bottom plate. A vertical frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. A lifting plate that can slide up and down is installed on the inner wall of the vertical frame. Two guide rods are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate. An installation plate is slidably installed on the outer surfaces of the two guide rods. A connecting sleeve is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the installation plate. The top end of the sampling pipe is inserted into the inside of the connecting sleeve and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. Limiting rings are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two guide rods. A support assembly is installed between the guide rods and the installation plate.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the support assembly includes two support springs sleeved outside the guide rods. The two support springs are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the installation plate. The support spring located above is arranged between the lifting plate and the installation plate. The support spring located below is arranged between the limiting ring and the installation plate. A vibration motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the installation plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, a lifting mechanism is installed between the lifting plate and the vertical frame, and the lifting mechanism includes a spline shaft rotatably installed on the upper surface of the lifting plate, and lifting gears are fixedly installed on both end portions of the spline shaft, and lifting racks are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the opposite sides of the vertical frame, and the lifting gears are meshed with the lifting racks, and a driving mechanism is installed between the lifting plate and the spline shaft.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a stepper motor fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the lifting plate, an active bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the output end of the stepper motor, a rotating tube is sleeved on the outer surface of the spline shaft, the rotating tube and the spline shaft are installed through a spline transmission, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are respectively fixedly mounted on the outer surfaces of both ends of the rotating tube, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear can both mesh with the active bevel gear, and a reversing assembly is installed between the lifting plate and the rotating tube.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the reversing assembly includes a slide groove that passes through the upper surface of the lifting plate, an H-shaped frame is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slide groove, the rotating tube is rotatably installed between the outer surfaces on the opposite sides of the top of the H-shaped frame, a transmission screw is rotatably installed between the inner walls at the opposite ends of the slide groove, the transmission screw passes through the outer surface of the H-shaped frame and is threadedly connected thereto, and a toggle assembly is installed between the lifting plate and the transmission screw.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the toggle assembly includes an installation groove opened on the lower surface of the lifting plate, a first spring rod is fixedly installed on the top wall of the installation groove, a card plate is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first spring rod, a transmission rack is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the card plate away from the first spring rod, the transmission rack is slidably installed with the top wall of the installation groove, a transmission gear is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle section of the transmission screw rod, the transmission rack is meshed with the transmission gear, and a limiting assembly for limiting the card plate is installed inside the installation groove.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the limiting assembly includes two second spring rods symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner walls of the mounting groove on opposite sides, and the telescopic ends of the second spring rods are fixedly installed with wedge blocks, the planar side of the wedge blocks is abutted against the outer surface of the clamping plate close to the transmission rack, and an unlocking assembly is installed between the wedge blocks and the mounting plate.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the unlocking assembly includes a triangular block fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the wedge block away from the clamping plate, and a push rod is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate directly below the triangular block, and the top end of the push rod corresponds to the hypotenuse of the triangular block.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, a distance sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the stand, and a plurality of locking universal wheels are fixedly installed on the bottom of the base plate.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, a shift plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission rack away from the clamping plate, and a rectangular groove for the shift plate to pass through is penetrated through the upper surface of the lifting plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. While the sampling tube is driven downward by the lifting mechanism, the vibration motor installed on the mounting plate will vibrate up and down under the guidance of the guide rod, so that the sampling tube can vibrate accordingly, so that the sampling tube can be inserted into the ground more easily for sampling operations;

[0018] 2. When the bottom end of the sampling tube is inserted into the ground and encounters hard rocks underground, the sampling tube will no longer be able to move downward, so that the sampling tube can exert an upward reverse thrust on the mounting plate, so that the mounting plate moves up and compresses the support spring arranged above it. After the top end of the push rod installed on the mounting plate pushes open the wedge block to unlock the card plate, the toggle assembly will drive the H-frame to move as a whole through the reversing assembly, so that the H-frame can push the rotating tube to slide on the spline shaft until the second bevel gear installed on the spline shaft is meshed with the active bevel gear. At this time, when the stepper motor drives the active bevel gear to rotate forward, it will drive the second bevel gear to rotate, so that the second bevel gear can drive the lifting gear to reverse through the rotating tube and the spline shaft, so that the lifting gear can drive the lifting plate to move upward as a whole, thereby lifting the sampling tube upward, and preventing the bottom end of the sampling tube from continuing to be inserted downward when encountering hard rocks and causing damage to the tube mouth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling device proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting plate structure of a hydraulic and environmental geological survey sampling device proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure of a water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling device proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a lifting plate of a water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling device proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a lifting plate of a water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the H-shaped frame structure of a sampling device for hydrogeological, environmental geological exploration proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the vertical frame structure of a sampling device for hydrogeological, environmental geological exploration proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 For Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in

[0027] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, vertical frame; 3, lifting plate; 4, guide rod; 5, mounting plate; 6, connecting sleeve; 7, sampling tube; 8, limiting ring; 9, support spring; 10, vibration motor; 11, spline shaft; 12, lifting gear; 13, lifting rack; 14, driving bevel gear; 15, rotating tube; 16, first bevel gear; 17, second bevel gear; 18, chute; 19, H-shaped frame; 20, driving lead screw; 21, driving gear; 22, mounting groove; 23, driving rack; 24, first spring rod; 25, clamping plate; 26, second spring rod; 27, wedge block; 28, triangular block; 29, ejector rod; 30, rectangular groove; 31, distance sensor; 32, stepper motor; 33, dialing plate. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0030] Referring to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 8 , a sampling device for hydrogeological, environmental geological exploration, including a bottom plate 1 and a sampling tube 7. A through hole for the sampling tube 7 to pass through is formed through the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. A C-shaped guardrail is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, and the user can push the device through the C-shaped guardrail; a vertical frame 2 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. A lifting plate 3 that can slide up and down is installed on the inner wall of the vertical frame 2. Two guide rods 4 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting plate 3. A mounting plate 5 is slidably installed on the outer surfaces of the two guide rods 4. A connecting sleeve 6 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate 5. The top end of the sampling tube 7 is inserted into the inside of the connecting sleeve 6 and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 6. Limiting rings 8 are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the two guide rods 4, and a support assembly is installed between the guide rods 4 and the mounting plate 5.

[0031] In this embodiment, the support assembly includes two support springs 9 sleeved outside the guide rod 4. The two support springs 9 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the mounting plate 5. The support spring 9 located above is arranged between the lifting plate 3 and the mounting plate 5, and the support spring 9 located below is arranged between the limiting ring 8 and the mounting plate 5. A vibration motor 10 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 5.

[0032] During use, the support spring 9 installed on the upper side of the mounting plate 5 can exert a downward thrust on the mounting plate 5 when the lifting plate 3 moves downward; the support spring 9 installed on the lower side of the mounting plate 5 can, when the lifting plate 3 moves upward, cooperate with the guide rod 4 and the limiting ring 8 to exert an upward thrust on the mounting plate 5; the vibration motor 10 installed on the mounting plate 5 vibrates up and down under the guiding action of the guide rod 4, enabling the sampling tube 7 to vibrate accordingly, so that the sampling tube 7 can be more easily inserted into the ground for sampling operations.

[0033] In this embodiment, a lifting mechanism is installed between the lifting plate 3 and the vertical frame 2. The lifting mechanism includes a spline shaft 11 rotatably installed on the upper surface of the lifting plate 3. Lifting gears 12 are fixedly installed at both ends of the spline shaft 11. Lifting racks 13 are fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of the opposite sides of the vertical frame 2. The lifting gears 12 are meshed with the lifting racks 13. A driving mechanism is installed between the lifting plate 3 and the spline shaft 11. The driving mechanism includes a stepping motor 32 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lifting plate 3. The stepping motor 32 has a self-locking structure to ensure the stability of the movement of the lifting plate 3; the output end of the stepping motor 32 is fixedly installed with a driving bevel gear 14. A rotating tube 15 is sleeved on the outer surface of the spline shaft 11. The rotating tube 15 and the spline shaft 11 are installed through spline transmission. First bevel gears 16 and second bevel gears 17 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of both ends of the rotating tube 15. Both the first bevel gear 16 and the second bevel gear 17 can be meshed with the driving bevel gear 14. A commutation assembly is installed between the lifting plate 3 and the rotating tube 15.

[0034] During use, by driving the driving bevel gear 14 to rotate forward by the stepping motor 32 (in the normal use state, the driving bevel gear 14 is meshed with the first bevel gear 16), the driving bevel gear 14 drives the rotating tube 15 to rotate through the first bevel gear 16 meshed with it. Since the rotating tube 15 and the spline shaft 11 are installed through spline transmission, the rotating tube 15 can drive the lifting gears 12 installed at both ends of it to rotate through the spline shaft 11, enabling the lifting gears 12 to roll on the lifting racks 13 installed on the side of the vertical frame 2, so that the entire lifting plate 3 can move downward accordingly. When the lifting plate 3 moves downward, it will exert a downward thrust on the mounting plate 5 through the support spring 9, enabling the mounting plate 5 to drive the sampling tube 7 installed at its bottom to be inserted into the ground for sampling operations.

[0035] In this embodiment, the reversing assembly includes a slide groove 18 that passes through the upper surface of the lifting plate 3, and an H-shaped frame 19 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slide groove 18. The rotating tube 15 is rotatably installed between the outer surfaces on the opposite sides of the top of the H-shaped frame 19. A transmission screw 20 is rotatably installed between the inner walls at the opposite ends of the slide groove 18. The transmission screw 20 passes through the outer surface of the H-shaped frame 19 and is threadedly connected thereto. A toggle assembly is installed between the lifting plate 3 and the transmission screw 20. The toggle assembly includes a mounting groove 22 that is opened on the lower surface of the lifting plate 3. A first spring rod 24 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the mounting groove 22. A card plate 25 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the first spring rod 24. A transmission rack 23 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the card plate 25 away from the first spring rod 24. The transmission rack 23 is slidably installed with the top wall of the mounting groove 22. A transmission gear 21 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle section of the transmission screw rod 20, and the transmission rack 23 is meshed with the transmission gear 21. A limiting component for limiting the card plate 25 is installed inside the mounting groove 22. The limiting component includes two second spring rods 26 symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner walls of the mounting groove 22 on opposite sides. A wedge block 27 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the second spring rod 26. The plane side of the wedge block 27 is against the outer surface of the card plate 25 close to the transmission rack 23. An unlocking component is installed between the wedge block 27 and the mounting plate 5. The unlocking component includes a triangular block 28 fixedly installed on the outer surface of the wedge block 27 away from the card plate 25. A push rod 29 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 5 directly below the triangular block 28, and the top of the push rod 29 corresponds to the hypotenuse of the triangular block 28.

[0036] When the bottom end of the sampling tube 7 is inserted into the ground and encounters a hard stone underground, the sampling tube 7 will no longer be able to move downward, so that the sampling tube 7 can exert an upward reverse thrust on the mounting plate 5, so that the mounting plate 5 moves upward and compresses the support spring 9 arranged above it. After the top end of the push rod 29 installed on the mounting plate 5 abuts against the inclined surface of the triangular block 28, the push rod 29 will push the wedge block 27 toward the direction of the second spring rod 26 through the triangular block 28, so that the wedge block 27 unlocks the card plate 25. The unlocked card plate 25 will push the transmission rack 23 toward the direction of the H-shaped frame 19 under the elastic force of the first spring rod 24, so that the transmission rack 23 can be meshed with the transmission gear 21 drives the transmission screw 20 to rotate, so that the transmission screw 20 can drive the H-frame 19 threadedly connected thereto to move as a whole, so that the H-frame 19 can push the rotating tube 15 to slide on the spline shaft 11 until the second bevel gear 17 installed on the spline shaft 11 is meshed with the active bevel gear 14. At this time, when the stepping motor 32 drives the active bevel gear 14 to rotate forward, it will drive the second bevel gear 17 to rotate, so that the second bevel gear 17 can drive the lifting gear 12 to reverse through the rotating tube 15 and the spline shaft 11, so that the lifting gear 12 can drive the lifting plate 3 to move upward as a whole, thereby lifting the sampling tube 7 upward, and preventing the bottom end of the sampling tube 7 from continuing to be inserted downward when it hits a hard stone, causing damage to the tube mouth.

[0037] In this embodiment, a distance sensor 31 is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical frame 2. After sampling is completed, the vibration motor 10 is stopped, and the stepping motor 32 drives the driving bevel gear 14 to reverse, so that the lifting mechanism drives the lifting plate 3 to rise, and the sampling tube 7 is lifted out of the ground. When the lifting plate 3 rises to the position of the distance sensor 31 installed at the top of the vertical frame 2, the distance sensor 31 will stop the stepping motor 32 through an external controller, so that the lifting plate 3 stops moving, so as to remove the sampling tube 7 to collect soil samples; A plurality of locking universal wheels are fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom plate 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, a dial plate 33 is fixedly installed at the end of the transmission rack 23 away from the clamping plate 25. A rectangular groove 30 for the dial plate 33 to pass through is formed through the upper surface of the lifting plate 3; the transmission rack 23 is pushed towards the direction of the first spring rod 24 through the dial plate 33, so that the clamping plate 25 crosses the wedge block 27, and the wedge block 27 limits the clamping plate 25 to store energy for the first spring rod 24 for subsequent reuse; When the transmission rack 23 is pushed, it will drive the transmission screw rod 20 to reverse through the transmission gear 21, so that the reversing mechanism can be reset.

[0039] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: When in use, the device is pushed to the area to be sampled, and the sampling tube 7 is installed on the connecting sleeve 6. The driving bevel gear 14 is driven to rotate forward by the stepping motor 32 (in the normal use state, the driving bevel gear 14 meshes with the first bevel gear 16), so that the driving bevel gear 14 drives the rotating tube 15 to rotate through the first bevel gear 16 meshed with it. Since the rotating tube 15 and the spline shaft 11 are installed through spline transmission, the rotating tube 15 can drive the lifting gears 12 installed at both ends of it to rotate through the spline shaft 11, so that the lifting gears 12 roll on the lifting racks 13 installed on the side of the vertical frame 2, so that the entire lifting plate 3 can move downward accordingly. When the lifting plate 3 moves downward, it will apply a downward thrust to the mounting plate 5 through the support spring 9, so that the mounting plate 5 can drive the sampling tube 7 installed at its bottom to insert into the ground for sampling operations; At the same time, the vibration motor 10 installed on the mounting plate 5 will vibrate up and down under the guiding action of the guide rod 4, so that the sampling tube 7 can vibrate accordingly, so that the sampling tube 7 can be inserted into the ground more easily for sampling operations;

[0040] After sampling is completed, the vibration motor 10 is stopped, and the stepping motor 32 drives the driving bevel gear 14 to reverse, so that the lifting mechanism drives the lifting plate 3 to rise, and the sampling tube 7 is lifted out of the ground. When the lifting plate 3 rises to the position of the distance sensor 31 installed at the top of the vertical frame 2, the distance sensor 31 will stop the stepping motor 32 through an external controller, so that the lifting plate 3 stops moving, so as to remove the sampling tube 7 to collect soil samples;

[0041] When the bottom end of the sampling tube 7 is inserted into the ground and encounters hard rocks underground, the sampling tube 7 can no longer move downward, enabling the sampling tube 7 to exert an upward reaction force on the mounting plate 5, causing the mounting plate 5 to move upward and compress the support spring 9 arranged above it. After the top end of the ejector rod 29 mounted on the mounting plate 5 abuts against the inclined surface of the triangular block 28, the ejector rod 29 will push the wedge-shaped block 27 towards the direction of the second spring rod 26 through the triangular block 28, unlocking the clamping plate 25. The unlocked clamping plate 25 will push the transmission rack 23 towards the direction of the H-shaped frame 19 under the elastic force of the first spring rod 24, enabling the transmission rack 23 to drive the transmission screw rod 20 to rotate through the transmission gear 21 meshing with it, enabling the transmission screw rod 20 to drive the entire H-shaped frame 19 threadedly connected to it to move, enabling the H-shaped frame 19 to push the rotating tube 15 to slide on the spline shaft 11 until the second bevel gear 17 mounted on the spline shaft 11 meshes with the driving bevel gear 14. At this time, when the stepping motor 32 drives the driving bevel gear 14 to rotate forward, it will drive the second bevel gear 17 to rotate, enabling the second bevel gear 17 to drive the lifting gear 12 to rotate reversely through the rotating tube 15 and the spline shaft 11, enabling the lifting gear 12 to drive the lifting plate 3 to move upward as a whole, thereby lifting the sampling tube 7 upward to prevent the bottom end of the sampling tube 7 from continuing to be inserted downward when encountering hard rocks, resulting in damage to the tube orifice.

[0042] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sampling device for water conservancy and environmental geological exploration, comprising a bottom plate (1) and a sampling tube (7), wherein the upper surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a through hole for the sampling tube (7) to pass through, characterized in that: A stand (2) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate (1), a lifting plate (3) which can slide up and down is mounted on the inner wall of the stand (2), two guide rods (4) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the lifting plate (3), a mounting plate (5) is slidably mounted on the outer surfaces of the two guide rods (4), a connecting sleeve (6) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate (5), the top end of the sampling tube (7) is inserted into the interior of the connecting sleeve (6) and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (6), a limiting ring (8) is fixedly mounted on the bottom ends of the two guide rods (4), and a support assembly is mounted between the guide rods (4) and the mounting plate (5).

2. A water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises two support springs (9) sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (4), the two support springs (9) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the mounting plate (5), the support spring (9) located at the upper side is arranged between the lifting plate (3) and the mounting plate (5), and the support spring (9) located at the lower side is arranged between the limiting ring (8) and the mounting plate (5), and a vibration motor (10) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate (5).

3. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A lifting mechanism is installed between the lifting plate (3) and the stand (2), the lifting mechanism comprising a spline shaft (11) rotatably installed on the upper surface of the lifting plate (3), lifting gears (12) being fixedly installed at both ends of the spline shaft (11), lifting racks (13) being fixedly installed on the outer surfaces of opposite sides of the stand (2), the lifting gears (12) being meshed with the lifting racks (13), and a driving mechanism is installed between the lifting plate (3) and the spline shaft (11).

4. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a stepper motor (32) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the lifting plate (3); a driving bevel gear (14) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the stepper motor (32); a rotating tube (15) is sleeved on the outer surface of the spline shaft (11); the rotating tube (15) and the spline shaft (11) are installed via a spline transmission; a first bevel gear (16) and a second bevel gear (17) are fixedly mounted on the outer surfaces of both ends of the rotating tube (15); the first bevel gear (16) and the second bevel gear (17) can both mesh with the driving bevel gear (14); and a reversing assembly is installed between the lifting plate (3) and the rotating tube (15).

5. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The reversing assembly comprises a slide groove (18) penetrating and opening on the upper surface of the lifting plate (3); an H-shaped frame (19) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the slide groove (18); the rotating tube (15) is rotatably mounted between the outer surfaces of the two opposite sides of the top of the H-shaped frame (19); a transmission screw (20) is rotatably mounted between the inner walls of the two opposite ends of the slide groove (18); the transmission screw (20) penetrates the outer surface of the H-shaped frame (19) and is threadedly connected thereto; and a toggle assembly is installed between the lifting plate (3) and the transmission screw (20).

6. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The toggle assembly comprises a mounting groove (22) provided on the lower surface of the lifting plate (3); a first spring rod (24) is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the mounting groove (22); a clamping plate (25) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the first spring rod (24); a transmission rack (23) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the clamping plate (25) away from the first spring rod (24); the transmission rack (23) is slidably mounted on the top wall of the mounting groove (22); a transmission gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the middle section of the transmission screw rod (20); the transmission rack (23) is meshed with the transmission gear (21); and a limiting assembly for limiting the clamping plate (25) is installed inside the mounting groove (22).

7. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The limiting assembly comprises two second spring rods (26) symmetrically fixedly mounted on the inner walls of the mounting groove (22) on opposite sides, a wedge block (27) being fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the second spring rod (26), a plane side of the wedge block (27) abutting against the outer surface of the clamping plate (25) on the side close to the transmission rack (23), and an unlocking assembly being mounted between the wedge block (27) and the mounting plate (5).

8. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The unlocking assembly comprises a triangular block (28) fixedly mounted on the outer surface of a side of the wedge block (27) away from the clamping plate (25); a push rod (29) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate (5) directly below the triangular block (28); and the top end of the push rod (29) corresponds to the hypotenuse of the triangular block (28).

9. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distance sensor (31) is fixedly mounted on the top of the stand (2), and a plurality of locking universal wheels are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base plate (1).

10. The water conservancy and environmental geological survey sampling equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A shift plate (33) is fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission rack (23) away from the clamping plate (25), and a rectangular groove (30) for the shift plate (33) to pass through is formed through the upper surface of the lifting plate (3).

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