High-safety high-voltage cable

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-safety high-voltage cable applied to the related technical field of cables, through the arrangement of a buoyancy block and an inner floating bag in the buoyancy block, when local damage occurs and the cable is used, water seepage occurs at a damage point, at the moment, air is generated in a corresponding cavity, on one hand, the inner floating bag can be inflated to be gradually enlarged, and on the other hand, the inner floating bag is inflated; on the other hand, gas in the cavity is increased instantly, pressure can be generated on the buoyancy block from inside to outside, then the buoyancy block cracks rapidly, the enlarged inner floating bag leaks out at the moment, buoyancy can be provided for a damaged point again, meanwhile, the inner floating bag is separated from the buoyancy block, the change is obvious visually, and the effect is good. The warning effect can be effectively guaranteed, and the obvious damage warning effect can be achieved no matter whether the device is on the water surface or leaves the water surface after follow-up operation is finished.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A high - security high - voltage cable involved in the present invention, especially a high - security high - voltage cable applied to the technical field related to cables. Background Art

[0002] Cables include power cables, control cables, compensating cables, shielded cables, high - temperature cables, computer cables, signal cables, coaxial cables, fire - resistant cables, marine cables, mining cables, aluminum - alloy cables, floating cables, etc. They are all wire ropes formed by stranding several or several groups of wires (at least two wires in each group). The wires in each group are insulated from each other and are often twisted around a central wire. The whole is wrapped with a highly insulating covering layer, featuring internal power conduction and external insulation.

[0003] The floating cable technology is an innovative cable laying method. By using buoyancy, the cable can be suspended on the water surface, so that large ships do not need to be used for laying, thus realizing the rapid laying and maintenance of the cable. This technology has important application value in the field of submarine cable laying, saving a large amount of time and human resources. For example, the Chinese patent CN201820812211.9 specification discloses a new type of underwater floating cable. In this patent, the floating cable improves buoyancy by setting a sealed cavity, making the cable float on the water surface, facilitating the safe operation of underwater robots. However, due to the multiplicity and uncertainty of the water environment, there are prone to breakage points, which may cause some parts of the cable to sink and it is difficult to continue floating on the water surface. Seriously, water may even seep into the cable interior, affecting the safe operation of underwater robots.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the Chinese patent specification with the publication number CN117936167B discloses a special floating cable for underwater robots. When there is a breakage, water will seep into the cavity. At this time, the water can conduct electricity as a conductor to turn on the display unit, making the LED lights light up, thus realizing breakage warning.

[0005] However, the above - mentioned way of solving the problem has the following defects. First, relying on water as a conductor to turn on and light up the LED, the water will cause abnormal heating at the conduction point. Seriously, it may even cause the circuit where the display unit is located to be burned out, resulting in poor stability of the warning by lighting up, a short time for stable lighting, limited warning effect. And the floating and lighting generally work on the water surface. Under the action of sunlight during the day, the light is relatively weak and difficult to detect. Also, when the damage occurs and the subsequent work ends, it is difficult to detect the breakage point. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the above - mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the warning effect of the existing floating cable when it is damaged is relatively poor.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high - security high - voltage cable, including a cable body. An outer - wrapping sheath is fixedly wrapped around the outer end of the cable body. Two buoyancy strips are fixedly connected to the outer end of the outer - wrapping sheath. The buoyancy strip includes a plurality of buoyancy blocks and a plurality of separating sheets respectively located between adjacent two buoyancy blocks. The separating sheet is fixedly connected to the outer - wrapping sheath, and the buoyancy blocks are respectively clamped with the separating sheets on both sides, and the buoyancy blocks are closely attached to the outer - wrapping sheath. A cavity is formed inside the buoyancy block. An inner floating bladder is arranged inside the cavity. Effervescent tablet particles are also filled inside the cavity. A pre - separation groove is formed on the inner wall of the cavity facing away from the cable body. A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the end of the inner floating bladder. The positioning plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and the positioning plate divides the cavity into two inflatable cavities and a gas - generating cavity. The effervescent tablet particles are located in the gas - generating cavity. The mouth of the inner floating bladder is located in the inflatable cavity. A plurality of uniformly - distributed air holes are formed on the positioning plate. The air holes communicate the inflatable cavity and the gas - generating cavity, and the inner diameter of the air holes is smaller than the particle size of the effervescent tablet particles.

[0008] In the above - mentioned high - security high - voltage cable, through the arrangement of the buoyancy block and the inner floating bladder inside it, when working on the water surface and there is a local breakage, after the breakage point seeps water, it will cause gas generation inside the cavity and inflate the inner floating bladder, making it gradually expand, effectively compensating for the problem of buoyancy decline caused by rupture and water seepage. At the same time, under the action of this gas generation, the buoyancy block will be quickly damaged, causing the inner floating bladder to leak out. On the one hand, it provides buoyancy for the breakage point again, and at the same time, its separation from the buoyancy block is visually obvious, which can effectively ensure the warning effect.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the positioning plate is made of a water - soluble material, and a connecting rope is encapsulated inside the positioning plate. One end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity close to the outer - wrapping sheath, and the other end of the connecting rope is tied to the mouth of the inner floating bladder.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the inner floating bladder includes a reflective bladder body, a flared air pipe fixedly connected to one end of the reflective bladder body close to the positioning plate, and a neck ring fixedly connected to the neck of the flared air pipe. The connection point of the connecting rope and the inner floating bladder is located at the neck ring. A one - way valve is installed inside the flared air pipe.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the connecting rope is made of a corrosion - resistant flexible material, and the length of the connecting rope is not less than twice the maximum width of the buoyancy block. The reflective bladder body is made of an elastic sealing material. The space occupied by the effervescent tablet particles and the reflective bladder body in the gas - generating cavity does not exceed 2 / 3 of the gas - generating cavity.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the transverse span of the pre - separation groove is not less than 2 / 3 of the transverse span of the cavity. The pre - separation groove is U - shaped, and the bent part of the U - shape is located on the side of the gas - generating cavity away from the inflatable cavity. The cross - section of the pre - separation groove is an acute - angled triangle, and the height of the acute - angled triangle is not greater than 1 / 2 of the thickness of the buoyancy block at the corresponding position.

[0013] As another improvement of the present application, the buoyancy block includes a positioning layer clamped with two spacer sheets, a compression layer fixedly connected to one end of the positioning layer away from the outer sheath, and a pre-convex layer fixedly connected to the outer end of the compression layer. The pre-convex layer abuts against the spacer sheets on both sides.

[0014] As a supplement to another improvement of the present application, the compression layer is opposite to the middle of the cavity, and the compression layer is in a stacked and extruded state. A water-soluble layer is coated at the stacked part of the compression layer, and the outer surface of the compression layer is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant elastic waterproof layer. The inner surface of the inner wall of the compression layer is exposed corresponding to the cavity.

[0015] As a supplement to another improvement of the present application, a reflective layer is coated on the end face of the pre-convex layer corresponding to the spacer sheet, and the color of the reflective layer is a high-brightness color.

[0016] In summary, in the above high-safety high-voltage cable, through the setting of the buoyancy block and the inner floating bladder inside it, when a local breakage occurs, when the cable is in use, water will seep through the breakage point, and at this time, gas will be generated inside the corresponding cavity. On the one hand, the inner floating bladder can be inflated to gradually expand, effectively compensating for the problem of buoyancy reduction caused by rupture and water seepage. On the other hand, when the gas in the cavity suddenly increases, it can generate pressure on the buoyancy block from the inside to the outside, and then cause the buoyancy block to quickly crack. At this time, the expanded inner floating bladder leaks out, which can not only provide buoyancy for the breakage point again, but also separate from the buoyancy block, with an obvious change visually, effectively ensuring the warning effect. Whether it is on the water surface or after the operation is completed and leaving the water surface, an obvious breakage warning effect can be presented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a radial cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a partial transverse schematic view of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a transverse cross-sectional schematic view of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic view of the buoyancy block part of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the inside of the buoyancy cavity of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the buoyancy block when local breakage and water seepage occur in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the separation of the inner floating bladder and the buoyancy block in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the change of the inner floating bladder before and after inflation in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 9Schematic diagram of the whole cable after the inner floating bladder is separated from the buoyancy block in the first embodiment of this application; Figure 10 Top view schematic diagram of the buoyancy block in the second embodiment of this application; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the change of the buoyancy block after local damage and water seepage occurs in the second embodiment of this application Description of the reference numerals in the figure: 1 Cable body, 2 Outer sheath, 3 Buoyancy block, 301 Cavity, 302 Pre-separation groove, 31 Positioning layer, 32 Compression layer, 33 Pre-convex layer, 4 Isolation sheet, 5 Inner floating bladder, 51 Reflective bladder body, 52 Flared air pipe, 53 Neck ring, 54 Connecting rope, 6 Positioning plate. Specific embodiments

[0018] The following will describe in detail the two embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The first embodiment: Figure 1-2 A high-safety high-voltage cable is shown, including a cable body 1. An outer sheath 2 is fixedly wrapped around the outer end of the cable body 1. Two buoyancy strips are fixedly connected to the outer end of the outer sheath 2. The buoyancy strips include a plurality of buoyancy blocks 3 and a plurality of isolation sheets 4 respectively located between adjacent two buoyancy blocks 3. The isolation sheet 4 is fixedly connected to the outer sheath 2, and the buoyancy blocks 3 are respectively engaged with the isolation sheets 4 on both sides. The buoyancy blocks 3 are closely attached to the outer sheath 2, so that the whole buoyancy block 3 is detachable. When an accidental breakage occurs, only a local replacement is needed, without the need for a full replacement, effectively reducing the maintenance cost.

[0020] As Figure 3-4 , a cavity 301 is excavated inside the buoyancy block 3. An inner floating bladder 5 is arranged inside the cavity 301. The cavity 301 is also filled with effervescent tablet particles. As Figure 5, a pre-separation groove 302 is dug on the inner wall of the cavity 301 facing the outside of the cable body 1. A positioning plate 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the inner floating bladder 5. The positioning plate 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 301, and the positioning plate 6 divides the cavity 301 into two inflation chambers and a gas generation chamber. The effervescent tablet particles are located in the gas generation chamber, and the mouth of the inner floating bladder 5 is located in the inflation chamber. A plurality of uniformly distributed air holes are dug on the positioning plate 6, and the air holes communicate the gas chamber and the gas generation chamber. The positioning plate 6 is made of a water-soluble material. When it is not damaged, it can restrain the inner floating bladder 5 to keep the mouth of the inner floating bladder 5 separated from the effervescent tablet particles. After being damaged, it can be dissolved in water, so that the inner floating bladder 5 is released from restraint and can be smoothly separated from the buoyancy block 3. And a connecting rope 54 is encapsulated in the positioning plate 6. One end of the connecting rope 54 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 301 close to the outer sheath 2, and the other end of the connecting rope 54 is tied to the mouth of the inner floating bladder 5. When damage occurs, water enters the corresponding cavity 301 along the damage point and contacts and reacts with the effervescent tablet particles therein, thus instantly generating a large amount of gas. Part of the gas is in the cavity 301, and part passes through the positioning plate 6 and is poured into the inner floating bladder 5 through the mouth of the inner floating bladder 5, causing the inner floating bladder 5 to expand. As Figure 6 , as the amount of seepage water gradually increases, more and more gas is generated in the cavity 301, thereby generating pressure from the inside to the outside, and then gradually increasing the depth of the pre-separation groove 302. As Figure 7 , until the buoyancy block 3 is torn along the cavity 301. At this time, the inner floating bladder 5 inside is completely exposed, making the positioning plate 6 fully contact with water and gradually dissolve, releasing the connecting rope 54 sealed inside it. The inner floating bladder 5 obtains freedom. Under the action of water buoyancy, it gradually separates from the buoyancy block 3, making the difference at the buoyancy block 3 obvious before and after damage, so as to give obvious and continuous warning to the staff. Compared with the prior art method of using water as a conductor resulting in unstable abnormal display, the warning effect is effectively guaranteed, enabling the staff to detect and handle it in time.

[0021] And the inner diameter of the air hole is smaller than the particle size of the effervescent tablet particles, so that the effervescent tablets can hardly enter the inflation chamber, thus effectively protecting the mouth of the inner floating bladder 5 and making it not easily blocked by the effervescent tablets. Furthermore, when water seepage occurs, part of the gas generated by the contact of the effervescent tablets with water can be smoothly poured into the inner floating bladder 5, enabling the inner floating bladder 5 to quickly expand, thereby compensating for the damaged buoyancy at the damaged part to a certain extent, effectively protecting the cable body 1 and making it not easily sink locally underwater, and further effectively ensuring the safe and stable operation of the underwater operation robot.

[0022] As Figure 8The inner float 5 includes a reflective sac body 51, an expanded air tube 52 fixedly connected to the end of the reflective sac body 51 near the positioning plate 6, and a neck ring 53 fixedly connected to the neck of the expanded air tube 52. In a natural state, the reflective sac body 51 is saturated with air, and the connection between the connecting rope 54 and the inner float 5 is located at the neck ring 53. A one-way valve is installed in the expanded air tube 52, so that the inner float 5 can be inflated from the outside to the inside, and the gas inside is not easy to overflow, thereby effectively ensuring its buoyancy in the water.

[0023] The connecting rope 54 is made of corrosion-resistant flexible material, and the length of the connecting rope 54 is not less than twice the maximum width of the buoyancy block 3. The reflective capsule 51 is made of elastic sealing material. The space occupied by the effervescent tablet particles and the reflective capsule 51 in the air cavity does not exceed 2 / 3 of the air cavity, so that the inner buoyancy bag 5 has a certain expansion space after being inflated.

[0024] The transverse span of the pre-separation groove 302 is not less than 2 / 3 of the transverse span of the cavity 301, so that when accidentally damaged and subjected to gas pressure from the inside to the outside, after the pre-separation groove 302 is stretched open, its space is large enough to facilitate the separation of the inner float 5 and the buoyancy block 3. The pre-separation groove 302 is U-shaped, and the bending part of the U-shape is located on the side of the air-starting cavity away from the inflation cavity. The cross-section of the pre-separation groove 302 is an acute triangle, and the height of the acute triangle is not greater than 1 / 2 of the thickness of the corresponding part of the buoyancy block 3, so that when subjected to force from the inside to the outside, the pre-separation groove 302 is easy to be torn, and it is not easy for the inner float 5 to be difficult to separate from the buoyancy block 3.

[0025] In summary, in the above-mentioned high-safety high-voltage cable, through the setting of the buoyancy block 3 and the inner buoyancy bag 5 inside it, when local damage occurs, the cable will leak water at the damaged point when in use, which will cause gas to be emitted inside the corresponding cavity 301. On the one hand, the inner buoyancy bag 5 can be inflated to make it gradually larger, effectively compensating for the problem of decreased buoyancy caused by rupture and water seepage. On the other hand, the gas in the cavity 301 increases instantly, which can generate pressure on the buoyancy block 3 from the inside to the outside, thereby causing the buoyancy block 3 to crack rapidly. At this time, the enlarged inner buoyancy bag 5 leaks out, which can provide buoyancy for the damaged point again, and at the same time, it is separated from the buoyancy block 3, and the visual change is obvious, which can effectively ensure the warning effect. Whether it is on the water surface or leaving the water surface after the operation is completed, it can present an obvious damage warning effect.

[0026] The second implementation method: This embodiment further improves the buoyancy block 3 on the basis of the first embodiment, and the rest of the parts are consistent with the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 10As shown, the buoyancy block 3 includes a positioning layer 31 clamped with two isolation sheets 4, a compression layer 32 fixedly connected to the end of the positioning layer 31 away from the outer sheath 2, and a pre-convex layer 33 fixedly connected to the outer end of the compression layer 32, the pre-convex layer 33 and the isolation sheets 4 on both sides conflict with each other, the compression layer 32 is facing the middle of the cavity 301, and the compression layer 32 is in a stacked extrusion state, the stacking part of the compression layer 32 is coated with a water-soluble layer, and the outer surface of the compression layer 32 is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant elastic waterproof layer, and the inner surface of the inner wall of the compression layer 32 is in contact with the cavity 301. The corresponding part is exposed. When local damage occurs, water enters the cavity 301, part of which reacts with the effervescent tablet particles, and part of which contacts the water-soluble layer on the inner wall of the compression layer 32, so that the water-soluble layer is dissolved. As the amount of gas increases, the stacked compression layer 32 will be stretched open, and the pre-convex layer 33 will gradually move away from the positioning layer 31, so that it is squeezed and protruded from between the two isolation sheets 4. As the amount of gas continues to increase, the buoyancy block 3 will continue to be directly torn and separated from the inner float bag 5 as in the first embodiment.

[0028] The end faces corresponding to the pre-convex layer 33 and the isolation piece 4 are coated with a reflective layer, and the color of the reflective layer is a high-brightness color. After the compression layer 32 is expanded, when the misaligned part of the pre-convex layer 33 and the isolation piece 4 is exposed, the reflective layer at the end can increase the warning degree of the abnormality at the buoyancy block 3, making the warning effect better.

[0029] In this embodiment, if the water that penetrates into the cavity 301 reacts with the gas generated by the effervescent tablet and fails to tear the pre-separation groove 302, most of the gas still gathers in the cavity 301, which can cause the buoyancy block 3 to be stretched and bulge outward. At this time, even if the inner float bag 5 is not separated from the buoyancy block 3, it can still play a role in compensating buoyancy, so that the cable in operation is not easy to sink to the bottom of the water. At the same time, the buoyancy block 3 bulges outward, and when it leaves the water surface after work, its bulge can also be significantly different from the other buoyancy blocks 3. Compared with the first embodiment, the damage reminder effect of this embodiment is better. During specific implementation, a suitable method can be selected according to actual needs.

[0030] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-safety high-voltage cable, characterized in that: The cable body (1) comprises a cable body (1), the outer end of the cable body (1) is fixedly wrapped with an outer sheath (2), the outer end of the outer sheath (2) is fixedly connected to two buoyancy bars, the buoyancy bars comprise a plurality of buoyancy blocks (3) and a plurality of isolation sheets (4) respectively located between two adjacent buoyancy blocks (3), the isolation sheets (4) are fixedly connected to the outer sheath (2), the buoyancy blocks (3) are respectively engaged with the isolation sheets (4) on both sides, and the buoyancy blocks (3) are tightly attached to the outer sheath (2), a cavity (301) is excavated inside the buoyancy block (3), an inner buoyancy bag (5) is arranged inside the cavity (301), and the cavity (301) is provided with an inner buoyancy bag (5). The cavity (301) is also filled with effervescent tablet particles. The inner wall of the cavity (301) facing the outside of the cable body (1) is bored with a pre-separation groove (302). The end of the inner floating bag (5) is fixedly connected to a positioning plate (6). The positioning plate (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (301). The positioning plate (6) divides the cavity (301) into two inflation chambers and an air-generating chamber. The effervescent tablet particles are located in the air-generating chamber. The mouth of the inner floating bag (5) is located in the inflation chamber. A plurality of evenly distributed pores are bored on the positioning plate (6). The pores connect the air cavity and the air-generating chamber. The inner diameter of the pores is smaller than the particle diameter of the effervescent tablet particles.

2. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate (6) is made of a water-soluble material, and a connecting rope (54) is encapsulated in the positioning plate (6), one end of the connecting rope (54) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (301) close to the outer sheath (2), and the other end of the connecting rope (54) is tied to the mouth of the inner floating bag (5).

3. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner floating bag (5) comprises a reflective bag body (51), an expanded air pipe (52) fixedly connected to an end of the reflective bag body (51) close to a positioning plate (6), and a neck ring (53) fixedly connected to a neck of the expanded air pipe (52); the connection point between the connecting rope (54) and the inner floating bag (5) is located at the neck ring (53); and a one-way valve is installed in the expanded air pipe (52).

4. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rope (54) is made of a corrosion-resistant flexible material, and the length of the connecting rope (54) is not less than twice the maximum width of the buoyancy block (3). The reflective capsule (51) is made of an elastic sealing material, and the space occupied by the effervescent tablet particles and the reflective capsule (51) in the air-generating cavity does not exceed 2 / 3 of the air-generating cavity.

5. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transverse span of the pre-separation groove (302) is not less than 2 / 3 of the transverse span of the cavity (301); the pre-separation groove (302) is U-shaped, and the bending part of the U-shape is located on the side of the air-starting cavity away from the air-inflating cavity; the cross-section of the pre-separation groove (302) is an acute triangle, and the height of the acute triangle is not greater than 1 / 2 of the thickness of the corresponding part of the buoyancy block (3).

6. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoyancy block (3) comprises a positioning layer (31) clamped with two isolation sheets (4), a compression layer (32) fixedly connected to an end of the positioning layer (31) away from the outer sheath (2), and a pre-convex layer (33) fixedly connected to the outer end of the compression layer (32), wherein the pre-convex layer (33) is in contact with the isolation sheets (4) on both sides.

7. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compression layer (32) faces the middle of the cavity (301), and the compression layer (32) is in a stacked and extruded state; the stacked portion of the compression layer (32) is coated with a water-soluble layer, and the outer surface of the compression layer (32) is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant elastic waterproof layer; the inner surface of the inner wall of the compression layer (32) is exposed at a portion corresponding to the cavity (301).

8. A high-safety high-voltage cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end surfaces of the pre-convex layer (33) and the isolation sheet (4) corresponding to each other are coated with a reflective layer, and the color of the reflective layer is a high-brightness color.

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