A percutaneous nephrostomy device

Abstract

The application discloses a percutaneous kidney puncture device, when performing percutaneous kidney puncture operation, first, a retention sheath, a dilating tube and a puncture needle are sequentially sleeved on a mirror tube from inside to outside, the retention sheath, the dilating tube and the puncture needle are locked with each other, the puncture needle is locked on a handle joint of the mirror tube through a puncture needle joint thereof; after the locking is completed, the puncture needle is inserted into a body from outside of a kidney under the guidance of ultrasound or X-ray, and in the puncture process, an image can be shot by an electronic camera head to be observed, blood vessel positions are avoided, and the puncture needle can accurately arrive at a stone position; after the puncture needle is punctured to the position, the retention sheath and the dilating tube can be smoothly inserted into a renal pelvis along a puncture direction of the puncture needle; when the retention sheath and the dilating tube are inserted to the position, the dilating tube and the mirror tube are withdrawn, the retention sheath is retained in the body, and a hard access channel into the body is formed. Therefore, the application can realize percutaneous kidney puncture, one-time channel dilatation and establishment of a hard access channel into the body under visual operation, and the operation is safe, reliable and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a percutaneous renal puncture device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of medical technology and science, a brand-new treatment method has emerged in the medical field—minimally invasive treatment, a completely new treatment concept. Medical percutaneous nephrolithotomy devices are mainly used in surgical procedures and routine medical examinations. Compared with traditional surgery, the functional minimally invasive surgical technique of medical percutaneous nephrolithotomy devices has been widely accepted by doctors and patients.

[0003] In percutaneous nephrolithotomy, a rigid access channel needs to be established within the body to directly reach the target lesion, facilitating the subsequent entry and removal of lithotripsy and stone retrieval instruments. The specific steps are as follows:

[0004] Anesthesia: The patient undergoes surgery under general anesthesia to ensure that the patient is painless and does not move during the operation.

[0005] Puncture: Under ultrasound or X-ray guidance, the doctor inserts a puncture needle through the skin into the target renal calyx.

[0006] Guidewire insertion: After successful puncture, the working guidewire is inserted through the puncture needle to provide a basis for subsequent channel dilation. After the working guidewire is fixed, the puncture needle is withdrawn.

[0007] Channel dilation: The purpose of channel dilation is to provide sufficient space for subsequent lithotripsy and stone removal procedures. Channel dilation can be performed to 10-30F as needed. During dilation, an 8F metal catheter is first inserted into the renal pelvis along the working guidewire, and a series of tightly fitting metal dilators are then inserted into the central metal catheter to dilate the percutaneous renal channel in sequence.

[0008] Establishment of a rigid access channel: Place an indwelling sheath in the expanded channel. Ensure the accuracy of the placement of the indwelling sheath so that subsequent stone crushing and removal operations can proceed smoothly.

[0009] However, this percutaneous kidney biopsy method typically has the following disadvantages and risks:

[0010] (1) Bleeding: Although the puncture needle can be punctured under ultrasound or X-ray guidance and accurately reach the target renal calyx, this puncture method can only locate the target path and cannot accurately avoid blood vessels, which may damage the blood vessels in the kidney, especially the larger blood vessel branches, during the puncture or subsequent channel expansion, resulting in bleeding.

[0011] (2) Infection: Because a series of tightly fitting metal expanders are used to expand the channel from small to large during the expansion process, bacteria may be introduced into the body during the expansion process, or the risk of infection may increase due to long operation time, tissue damage, etc.

[0012] (3) Damage to surrounding organs: If the path is not properly selected or the operation is wrong during puncture and dilation, adjacent organs such as pleura and colon may be damaged. Pleural injury can lead to pneumothorax or pleural effusion, and colon injury can cause intestinal obstruction. These need to be detected and treated in time, otherwise serious complications may occur. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a percutaneous renal puncture device that enables percutaneous renal puncture, one-time channel dilation, and establishment of a rigid access channel under visual operation.

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0015] A percutaneous renal puncture device, comprising:

[0016] The microscope tube has an electronic camera sealed at its front end and a handle connected to its rear end. The handle has a handle connector at its front end and a microscope tube channel connected to the microscope tube inside the handle connector. The handle also has a cable connector for transmitting visual signals. The transmission line of the electronic camera is connected to the cable connector through the microscope tube.

[0017] The puncture needle has a puncture needle channel inside for the endoscope tube to be inserted into, a puncture needle connector at the rear end of the puncture needle that can be screwed and fastened to the handle connector, and a pointed end at the front end of the puncture needle for the electronic camera to extend out.

[0018] An expansion tube is provided with an expansion tube channel for insertion of the puncture needle. The body of the expansion tube is a round tube, and the front end of the body of the expansion tube is provided with a conical tube head with a gradually decreasing outer diameter. The inner diameter of the channel of the conical tube head matches the outer diameter of the puncture needle. The length of the expansion tube is less than the length of the puncture needle.

[0019] An indwelling sheath, which is a transparent cylindrical tube, has an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the body of the dilator tube, and the front end of the indwelling sheath is aligned with the front end of the body of the dilator tube.

[0020] The observation screen is connected to the cable connector via a cable.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the handle connector is provided with a radially protruding pin on its exterior, and the front end of the handle connector extends axially with a positioning post, the outer periphery of which is provided with a positioning plane.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the puncture needle connector includes a connecting cap, a connecting post, a movable cap, and a telescopic sleeve; the connecting cap is rotatably fitted onto the outer periphery of the connecting post, and the peripheral wall of the connecting cap is provided with a screw-in groove for engaging with the pin; the connecting post has a hollow structure, extending axially from the front end of the connecting cap, and a radially protruding limiting pin is provided on the outside of the extended portion of the connecting post; the interior of the connecting post is provided with a first mating cavity matching the shape of the positioning post; the telescopic sleeve is slidably fitted onto the extended portion of the connecting post along the axial direction. Externally, the telescopic sleeve is provided with an axially extending guide groove that slides with the limiting pin; the front end of the telescopic sleeve has a connecting post portion that is fixedly connected to the puncture needle; the movable cap is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the telescopic sleeve, and the peripheral wall of the movable cap is provided with a guide oblique hole that slides with the limiting pin. The guide oblique hole and the axial guide groove are arranged alternately, and both ends of the guide oblique hole are provided with buckle holes that can engage with the limiting pin; the movable cap is provided with end blocks at the front and rear end faces of the telescopic sleeve for pushing the telescopic sleeve to move back and forth.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front end of the peripheral wall of the connecting column is provided with an axial insertion hole; the interior of the telescopic sleeve is provided with a hollow insertion tube that extends axially and is inserted into the axial insertion hole; a sealing ring is provided between the hollow insertion tube and the axial insertion hole.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the puncture needle axially penetrates the connecting post and communicates with the hollow cannula, and the inner hole of the hollow cannula is provided with a funnel-shaped inlet at one end near the connecting post.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting column is provided with axial limiting structures at the front and rear end faces of the connecting cap to prevent the connecting cap from moving back and forth.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end of the expansion tube is provided with an expansion tube connector, and the interior of the expansion tube connector is provided with a second mating cavity that matches the shape of the connecting column.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end of the indwelling sheath is provided with an indwelling sheath connector, the rear end of the indwelling sheath connector has an annular rib extending axially, and the front end of the peripheral wall of the expansion tube connector is provided with an annular groove that mates with the annular rib.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer periphery of the puncture needle is provided with an ultrasonic reflective frosted surface and X-ray imaging ink scale lines. The ultrasonic reflective frosted surface is located at the front end of the puncture needle and has a length of 0.5 cm. The X-ray imaging ink scale lines are provided in multiples and are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the puncture needle, and the distance between two adjacent X-ray imaging ink scale lines is 1 cm.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the percutaneous renal puncture device further includes a dilator, which includes a handle and a blade. The handle has a handheld portion and a guide portion. The bottom of the guide portion has a linear guide groove that axially penetrates the guide portion and slides with the puncture needle. The handheld portion tilts upward from the rear end of the guide portion toward the side away from the linear guide groove and gradually extends backward. The blade is embedded in the front end of the guide portion, and the tip of the blade is an acute-angled triangle with a double-edged blade.

[0030] The percutaneous renal puncture device provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0031] During percutaneous nephrolithotomy, the indwelling sheath, dilator, and puncture needle are sequentially fitted onto the endoscope tube from the inside out. The indwelling sheath, dilator, and puncture needle are locked together via their respective connectors. The puncture needle is then secured to the endoscope tube's handle connector via its puncture needle connector. After securing, the puncture needle is inserted into the kidney from the outside under ultrasound or X-ray guidance. During the puncture, images can be captured by an electronic camera for observation, allowing for avoidance of blood vessels and accurate access to the stone location. Once the puncture needle is in place, the indwelling sheath and dilator can be smoothly inserted into the renal pelvis along the puncture direction. After the indwelling sheath and dilator are fully inserted, the dilator and endoscope tube are withdrawn, leaving the indwelling sheath in place to form a rigid access channel, thus establishing the surgical channel for stone removal. Therefore, the percutaneous nephrolithotomy device of this invention, through the combined use of the endoscope tube, puncture needle, dilator, and indwelling sheath, enables percutaneous nephrolithotomy, one-time channel dilation, and establishment of a rigid access channel under visual guidance, ensuring safe, reliable, and rapid operation. In addition, the indwelling sheath is designed as a transparent round tube, which allows the renal parenchyma to be exposed to the field of view of the electronic camera, making it easier to observe the thickness of the renal parenchyma and thus assess whether a nephrostomy tube should be placed after surgery, which helps with postoperative management. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0033] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the percutaneous renal puncture procedure performed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is an axial fracture diagram during percutaneous renal puncture in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is at Figure 2 A magnified view of region A in the structure shown;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the puncture needle connector;

[0037] Figure 5 It is at Figure 2 A magnified view of region B in the structure shown;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion cutter;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a front view of the side where the dilator connects to the puncture needle;

[0040] Figure 8 It is at Figure 2 The diagram shows a magnified view of region C in the structure shown, illustrating the state when the dilator and puncture needle are used together.

[0041] Marked in the image:

[0042] Lens tube 1; electronic camera 11; handle 12; handle connector 121; lens tube channel 122; cable connector 123; pin 124; positioning post 125; positioning plane 126;

[0043] Puncture needle 2; Puncture needle channel 21; Puncture needle connector 22; Tip end 23; Connecting cap 221; Connecting post 222; Moving cap 223; Telescopic sleeve 224; Engagement groove 225; Limiting pin 226; Axial limiting structure 227; First mating cavity 228; Axial insertion hole 229; Axial guide groove 2210; Hollow insertion tube 2211; Sealing ring 2212; Connecting post 2213; Trumpet-shaped inlet 2214; Guide oblique hole 2215; Buckle hole 2216; End stop 2217;

[0044] Expansion tube 3; expansion tube channel 31; conical tube head 32; expansion tube connector 33; second mating cavity 331; annular groove 332;

[0045] Indwelling sheath 4; suction channel 41; indwelling sheath connector 42; annular rib 421;

[0046] Expanding cutter 5; handle 51; blade 52; handhold 511; guide 512; linear guide groove 513. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0050] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0051] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 8 The percutaneous renal puncture device provided in the embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the percutaneous nephrolithotomy device of this invention includes a scope tube 1, a puncture needle 2, a dilator tube 3, an indwelling sheath 4, and an observation screen (not shown in the figure).

[0053] An electronic camera 11 is sealed and installed at the front end of the lens tube 1. A handle 12 is connected to the rear end of the lens tube 1. A handle connector 121 is provided at the front end of the handle 12. The handle connector 121 has a lens tube channel 122 that connects to the lens tube 1. The handle 12 is also provided with a cable connection port 123 for transmitting visual signals. The transmission line of the electronic camera 11 is connected to the cable connection port 123 through the lens tube 1. In this embodiment, an illumination optical fiber is sealed and installed at the front end of the lens tube 1. The illumination optical fiber passes through the lens tube 1 and extends into the handle 12. An LED light source is provided inside the handle 12. The light emitted by the LED light source is conducted through the illumination optical fiber and emitted at the front end of the lens tube 1.

[0054] The puncture needle 2 has a puncture needle channel 21 for insertion into the endoscope tube 1. The rear end of the puncture needle 2 has a puncture needle connector 22 that can be screwed onto the handle connector 121. The front end of the puncture needle 2 has a pointed end 23 for the electronic camera 11 to extend from. In this embodiment, when the puncture needle 2 and endoscope tube 1 are used together, the distribution of blood vessels at the puncture site can be observed on the observation screen 8 during percutaneous nephrolithotomy, allowing for flexible adjustment of the puncture position to avoid blood vessels and achieve a safe puncture operation.

[0055] The dilator tube 3 has a channel 31 for the insertion of the puncture needle 2. The body of the dilator tube 3 is a circular tube, and the front end of the body of the dilator tube 3 has a conical tube head 32 with a gradually decreasing outer diameter. The inner diameter of the channel of the conical tube head 32 matches the outer diameter of the puncture needle 2. The length of the dilator tube 3 is less than the length of the puncture needle 2. This design allows the dilator tube 3 to be fitted onto the puncture needle 2 during percutaneous nephrolithotomy, facilitating the insertion of the dilator tube 3 into the body along the puncture direction of the puncture needle 2. Under the premise of the aforementioned visualized and safe puncture operation, the puncture site can be dilated in one go, thereby facilitating the subsequent insertion of the indwelling sheath 4.

[0056] The indwelling sheath 4 is a transparent cylindrical tube. The inner diameter of the indwelling sheath 4 matches the outer diameter of the body of the dilator tube 3 (i.e., the part excluding the conical tube head 32), and the front end of the indwelling sheath 4 is aligned with the front end of the body of the dilator tube 3. This design allows the indwelling sheath 4 and the dilator tube 3 to be sequentially placed on the puncture needle 2 from the inside out during percutaneous nephrolithotomy, facilitating the insertion of the indwelling sheath 4 and the dilator tube 3 into the body along the puncture direction of the puncture needle 2. When the indwelling sheath 4 is fully inserted, the dilator tube 3 and the endoscope tube 1 can be withdrawn, leaving the indwelling sheath 4 in place to form a rigid access channel, thus establishing the surgical channel for stone removal. Furthermore, designing the indwelling sheath 4 as a transparent cylindrical tube allows the renal parenchyma to be exposed to the field of view of the electronic camera 11, facilitating the observation of the renal parenchyma thickness and thus assessing whether a nephrostomy tube needs to be placed postoperatively, which is helpful for postoperative management. If the thickness of the renal parenchyma meets the requirements for eliminating the need for nephrostomy tube placement, it can reduce postoperative pain, shorten hospital stay, lower the risk of infection, reduce medical costs, and improve patient satisfaction.

[0057] The observation screen is connected to the cable connector 123 via a cable and is used to display the content captured by the electronic camera 11, so as to facilitate observation by medical staff and realize visual operation.

[0058] The following explanation, through its application in percutaneous nephrolithotomy, further illustrates the functionality of the component modules of this invention:

[0059] During percutaneous nephrolithotomy, the indwelling sheath 4, dilator 3, and puncture needle 2 are first sequentially placed on the endoscope tube 1 from the inside out. The indwelling sheath 4, dilator 3, and puncture needle 2 are locked together by their respective connector designs. The puncture needle 2 is locked to the handle connector 121 of the endoscope tube 1 through its puncture needle connector 22. After locking, the puncture needle 2 is inserted into the body from the outside of the kidney under ultrasound or X-ray guidance, passing through the skin, subcutaneous fat, lumbar fascia, quadratus lumborum / erector spinae muscle (partial path), perirenal fat capsule, renal fibrous membrane, and renal cortex to reach the renal pelvis. During the puncture, the electronic camera 11 can capture images for observation, avoid blood vessels, and accurately reach the stone location. After the puncture needle 2 is inserted into place, the tissue incision is widened along the puncture direction of the puncture needle 2 using a dilator, so that the indwelling sheath 4 and the dilator tube 3 can be smoothly inserted into the renal pelvis along the puncture direction of the puncture needle 2. When the indwelling sheath 4 and the dilator tube 3 are inserted into place, the dilator tube 3 and the endoscope tube 1 are withdrawn, and the indwelling sheath 4 is left in the body to form a rigid access channel, thus establishing the access channel for stone removal surgery, and the percutaneous nephrolithotomy is completed.

[0060] Therefore, the percutaneous nephrolithotomy device according to the present invention, through the combined use of the endoscope 1, puncture needle 2, dilation tube 3 and indwelling sheath 4, can realize percutaneous nephrolithotomy, one-time channel dilation and establishment of a rigid access channel under visual operation, and the operation is safe, reliable and fast.

[0061] For example, the handle connector 121 has a radially protruding pin 124 on its exterior, and a positioning post 125 extending axially from the front end of the handle connector 121. The positioning post 125 has a positioning plane 126 on its outer periphery. The puncture needle connector 22 includes a connecting cap 221, a connecting post 222, a movable cap 223, and a telescopic sleeve 224. The connecting cap 221 is rotatably fitted onto the outer periphery of the connecting post 222, and the peripheral wall of the connecting cap 221 has a screw-engaging groove 225 for engaging with the pin 124. The connecting post 222 has a hollow structure, and the connecting post 222 has an axial... A radially protruding limiting pin 226 is provided at the front end of the connecting cap 221 and outside the protruding part of the connecting post 222; the connecting post 222 is provided with axial limiting structures 227 at the front and rear end faces of the connecting cap 221 to prevent the connecting cap 221 from moving back and forth; the interior of the connecting post 222 is provided with a first mating cavity 228 that matches the shape of the positioning post 125; the front end of the peripheral wall of the connecting post 222 is provided with an axial insertion hole 229; the telescopic sleeve 224 can be slidably fitted onto the outside of the protruding part of the connecting post 222 along the axial direction. The telescopic sleeve 224 is provided with an axially extending guide groove 2210 that slides with the limiting pin 226; the telescopic sleeve 224 has an axially extending hollow insertion tube 2211 that fits into the axial insertion hole 229; a sealing ring 2212 is provided between the hollow insertion tube 2211 and the axial insertion hole 229; the front end of the telescopic sleeve 224 has a connecting post 2213 that is fixedly connected to the puncture needle 2 along the axial direction, the puncture needle 2 axially passes through the connecting post 2213 and communicates with the hollow insertion tube 2211, and the inner hole of the hollow insertion tube 2211 is close to the connecting post 2213. One end of the connecting post 2213 is provided with a trumpet-shaped inlet 2214; the movable cap 223 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the telescopic sleeve 224, and the peripheral wall of the movable cap 223 is provided with a guide oblique hole 2215 that slides with the limiting pin 226. The guide oblique hole 2215 and the axial guide groove 2210 are arranged alternately, and the two ends of the guide oblique hole 2215 are provided with buckle holes 2216 that can engage with the limiting pin 226; the movable cap 223 is provided with end blocks 2217 at the front and rear end faces of the telescopic sleeve 224 for pushing the telescopic sleeve 224 to move back and forth.

[0062] It is understood that, through the mechanical structure design of the handle connector 121 and the puncture needle connector 22 described above, this embodiment achieves efficient connection, precise positioning, adjustable puncture depth, and reliable sealing of the puncture instrument. The specific technical effects are as follows:

[0063] (1) The spiral fastening structure (such as bayonet design) of the pin 124 and the screw groove 225 can realize the quick screwing and locking of the handle 12 and the puncture needle connector 22. At the same time, the axial limiting structure 227 prevents the connecting cap 221 from moving back and forth relative to the connecting post 222, ensuring connection stability.

[0064] (2) When rotating the movable cap 223, the telescopic sleeve 224 will not rotate circumferentially under the cooperation of the limiting pin 226 and the axial guide groove 2210. The limiting pin 226 slides along the guide inclined hole 2215, pushing the telescopic sleeve 224 to move axially, thereby realizing the telescopic adjustment of the puncture needle 2. In particular, after the puncture needle 2 is inserted into place, the puncture needle 2 can be withdrawn relative to the endoscope tube 1 by rotating the movable cap 223, while the endoscope tube 1 remains in its original position, thereby preventing the risk of secondary damage caused by the puncture needle 2 continuing to be inserted due to improper operation. The design of the buckle hole 2216 can lock the limiting pin 226 in a preset position to ensure that the puncture depth is fixed and avoid accidental displacement during the operation.

[0065] (3) The matching design of the positioning post 125 with positioning plane 126 and the first mating cavity 228 (such as D-shaped post and hole) can realize the anti-misalignment guidance when the puncture needle connector 22 and the handle connector 121 are connected. At the same time, it further strengthens the circumferential positioning during connection, and avoids the connection post 222, telescopic sleeve 224 and puncture needle 2 from rotating together due to the torsion during the operation of connecting cap 221 and moving cap 223. This cuts off the transmission path of rotational torque to endoscope tube 1, ensuring that endoscope tube 1 and puncture needle 2 always maintain the preset spatial relationship and avoid the risk of endoscope tube 1 bending and being damaged. At the same time, the operation of moving cap 223 will not drive the entire puncture needle connector 22 structure to rotate, ensuring the stability of the extension and retraction adjustment of puncture needle 2.

[0066] (4) The design of the trumpet-shaped inlet 2214 can guide the endoscope tube 1 to be smoothly inserted into the puncture needle channel 21, reduce the collision between the endoscope tube 1 and the puncture needle 2 during insertion and assembly, and protect the electronic camera 11.

[0067] (5) The sealing ring 2212 between the hollow cannula 2211 and the axial insertion hole 229 is designed to maintain a seal when the telescopic sleeve 224 moves, preventing leakage of body fluids or medicines and reducing the risk of infection.

[0068] For example, to facilitate the attachment of the dilation tube 3 to the puncture needle 2, the rear end of the dilation tube 3 is provided with a dilation tube connector 33, and the interior of the dilation tube connector 33 is provided with a second mating cavity 331 that matches the shape of the connecting post 2213. In this embodiment, the connecting post 2213 is a multifaceted prism to prevent circumferential rotation when the dilation tube 3 is attached to the puncture needle 2.

[0069] For example, in order to facilitate the attachment of the indwelling sheath 4 to the expansion tube 3, the rear end of the indwelling sheath 4 is provided with an indwelling sheath connector 42, the rear end of the indwelling sheath connector 42 has an axially extending annular rib 421, and the front end of the peripheral wall of the expansion tube connector 33 is provided with an annular groove 332 that cooperates with the annular rib 421 for insertion.

[0070] For example, in order to ensure that the puncture needle 2 can be used for puncture under ultrasound or X-ray guidance, the outer periphery of the puncture needle 2 is provided with an ultrasonic reflective frosted surface and X-ray imaging ink scale lines. The ultrasonic reflective frosted surface is located at the front end of the puncture needle 2 and the length of the ultrasonic reflective frosted surface is 0.5 cm. The X-ray imaging ink scale lines are provided in multiples and are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the puncture needle 2, and the distance between two adjacent X-ray imaging ink scale lines is 1 cm.

[0071] For example, the percutaneous renal puncture device further includes a dilator 5, which includes a handle 51 and a blade 52. The handle 51 is provided with a hand grip 511 and a guide 512. The bottom of the guide 512 is provided with a linear guide groove 513 that axially penetrates the guide 512. The linear guide groove 513 is slidably engaged with the puncture needle 2. The hand grip 511 is tilted and raised from the rear end of the guide 512 toward the side away from the linear guide groove 513 and gradually extends rearward. The blade 52 is embedded in the front end of the guide 512. The tip of the blade 52 is an acute-angled triangle, and the blade edge of the blade 52 is double-edged. When used in conjunction with the puncture needle 2, the dilator 5 can be inserted into the body along the puncture path of the puncture needle 2 via the linear guide groove 513 on the guide part 512. This design allows the dilator 5 to dilate the channel more precisely during the operation, while reducing damage to surrounding tissues, improving the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, reducing surgical complications, and providing patients with a better treatment experience.

[0072] For example, the portion where the guide portion 512 connects to the blade 52 is flat, with its thickness and width gradually decreasing from back to front. This design helps to provide better guidance and control during expansion.

[0073] For example, the width of the guide portion 512 is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the indwelling sheath 4, ensuring a good fit between the dilator 5 and the indwelling sheath 4, which facilitates surgical operation.

[0074] For example, the width of the blade 52 is greater than the outer diameter of the indwelling sheath 4, which allows the blade 52 to make a larger incision when cutting into the human body, so as to satisfy the insertion of the indwelling sheath 4 and improve the expansion efficiency.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A percutaneous nephrostomy device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of medical equipment, including: Mirror tube, the front end of the mirror tube is sealingly installed with electronic camera, the rear end of the mirror tube is connected with handle, the front end of the handle is equipped with handle joint, the inside of the handle joint is equipped with mirror tube channel connected with the mirror tube;The handle is further equipped with cable connection port of transmission visual signal;The transmission line of the electronic camera is connected to the cable connection port by the mirror tube; Puncture needle, the puncture needle is equipped with puncture needle channel in, the puncture needle channel can be inserted with the mirror tube, the rear end of the puncture needle is equipped with puncture needle joint, the puncture needle joint can be screwed with the handle joint, the front end of the puncture needle is equipped with tip port, and the electronic camera can be extended out of the tip port; Dilation tube, the dilation tube is equipped with dilation tube channel in, the dilation tube channel can be inserted with the puncture needle, the body of the dilation tube is circular tube, the front end of the body of the dilation tube is equipped with conical tube head, the diameter of the channel of the conical tube head is matched with the outer diameter of the puncture needle, and the length of the dilation tube is less than the length of the puncture needle; Indwelling sheath, the indwelling sheath is transparent circular tube, the inner diameter of the indwelling sheath is matched with the outer diameter of the body of the dilation tube, and the front end of the indwelling sheath is aligned with the front end of the dilation tube; Observation screen, the observation screen is connected with the cable connection port by cable; Wherein, the outside of the handle joint is equipped with radial protruding bolt, the front end of the handle joint extends along axial direction and is provided with positioning column part, and the outer periphery of the positioning column part is equipped with positioning plane; The puncture needle joint includes connecting screw cap, connecting column, moving screw cap and telescopic sleeve; The connecting screw cap is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting column, and the peripheral wall of the connecting screw cap is equipped with screw groove, which is screwed with the bolt; The connecting column is hollow structure, the front end of the connecting column extends from the connecting screw cap along axial direction, and the outside of the extending part of the connecting column is equipped with radial protruding limiting bolt;The inside of the connecting column is equipped with first matching hole cavity, which is matched with the shape of the positioning column part; The telescopic sleeve is axially slidably sleeved on the outside of the extending part of the connecting column, and the telescopic sleeve is equipped with axial guide slot, which extends along axial direction and is slidably matched with the limiting bolt;The front end of the telescopic sleeve extends along axial direction and is provided with connecting column part, which is fixedly connected with the puncture needle; The moving screw cap is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the telescopic sleeve, and the peripheral wall of the moving screw cap is equipped with guide inclined hole, which is slidably matched with the limiting bolt, and the guide inclined hole is staggered with the axial guide slot, and the both ends of the guide inclined hole are equipped with buckle hole, which can be buckled with the limiting bolt;The front and rear end faces of the telescopic sleeve are respectively equipped with end block for pushing the telescopic sleeve to move forward and backward.

2. The percutaneous renal access device according to claim 1, wherein, The peripheral wall of the connecting column is equipped with axial insertion hole in the front end, the inside of the telescopic sleeve is equipped with hollow insertion tube, which extends along axial direction and is matched with the axial insertion hole;And the sealing ring is arranged between the hollow insertion tube and the axial insertion hole.

3. The percutaneous renal access device according to claim 2, wherein, The puncture needle extends through the connecting column part along axial direction and communicates with the hollow insertion tube, and the inner hole of the hollow insertion tube is equipped with flared guide inlet in the end close to the connecting column part.

4. The percutaneous renal access device according to claim 1, wherein, The connecting column is respectively provided with axial limiting structures for preventing the connecting screw cap from moving forward and backward at the front and rear end surface positions of the connecting screw cap.

5. The percutaneous renal access device according to claim 1, wherein, The rear end of the expansion tube is provided with an expansion tube joint, and the inside of the expansion tube joint is provided with a second matching hole cavity matched with the shape of the connecting column part.

6. The percutaneous renal access device according to claim 5, wherein, The rear end of the indwelling sheath is provided with an indwelling sheath joint, and the rear end of the indwelling sheath joint is provided with an annular convex rib extending in the axial direction, and the front end of the peripheral wall of the expansion tube joint is provided with an annular groove matched with the annular convex rib for plug-in connection.

7. The percutaneous renal access device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The outer periphery of the puncture needle is provided with an ultrasonic reflection frosted surface and X-ray developing ink scale lines, the ultrasonic reflection frosted surface is arranged at the front end of the puncture needle, the length of the ultrasonic reflection frosted surface is 0.5 cm, and the X-ray developing ink scale lines are arranged at multiple positions and equidistantly spaced along the length direction of the puncture needle, the distance between two adjacent X-ray developing ink scale lines is 1 cm.

8. The percutaneous renal access device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Further comprising an expansion cutter, the expansion cutter comprises a cutter handle and a cutter blade, the cutter handle is provided with a hand holding part and a guide part, the bottom of the guide part is provided with a straight guide groove axially penetrating through the guide part, and the straight guide groove is in sliding fit with the puncture needle; the hand holding part is inclined and tilted away from the straight guide groove from the rear end of the guide part and gradually extends backward; the cutter blade is embedded at the front end of the guide part, the cutter tip of the cutter blade is in sharp angle triangle, and the cutter blade edge is double-sided open blade.

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