Treatment-prevention device and treatment method for crystallization diseases of longitudinal drainage pipe of tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blockage treatment of tunnel drainage pipes, in particular to a'treatment-prevention 'device and disposal method.The'treatment-prevention' device comprises a composite function pipe, the front end of the composite function pipe is connected with a drill bit, and the tail end of the composite function pipe is connected with an external control box; an anti-crystallization spraying unit, a crystallization detection unit and an acid pickling circulation unit are arranged on the periphery of the middle of the composite function pipe at intervals, and the anti-crystallization spraying unit and the acid pickling circulation unit are communicated with the interior of the composite function pipe; by combining physical and chemical means, on the basis of an acid liquor recovery concept and assisted by anti-crystallization measures, 'treatment-prevention 'integrated operation and maintenance of crystallization diseases of the longitudinal drainage pipe of the tunnel are realized; the treatment efficiency of hard crystal substances is improved, the problems of environmental pollution and pipeline corrosion are reduced, long-acting prevention of crystal diseases is achieved, the maintenance period of the pipeline is remarkably prolonged, and the requirements of green construction and whole-life-cycle maintenance of crystal removal of the longitudinal drainage pipeline of the tunnel are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel drainage pipe blockage treatment, and in particular to a tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe crystallization disease "treatment-prevention" device and treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Crystallization disease of tunnel drainage system is a common disease in tunnels. Its formation mechanism can be traced back to two major calcium sources. On the one hand, calcium surrounding rock and calcium-rich soil surrounding rock continue to dissolve and precipitate calcium ions under the long-term scouring of groundwater flow; on the other hand, as surrounding rock water penetrates the initial support, the initial support concrete dissolves and provides some calcium ions and the alkaline environment required for crystallization, which eventually leads to crystallization disease when surrounding rock water enters the tunnel drainage system. Crystallization disease of tunnel drainage system is affected by the geological conditions of surrounding rock and its special drainage path. Once the disease occurs, it cannot stop automatically for a long time. Among them, the tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe is the core component of the tunnel engineering drainage system, which plays a key role in diverting surrounding rock seepage and reducing the water pressure outside the lining. Over time, the crystal layer continues to stack and thicken on the pipe wall, eventually leading to the narrowing of the pipe diameter or even complete blockage, causing the drainage function to fail. Poor drainage will cause the water pressure behind the lining to continue to rise, which will induce diseases such as leakage and crack expansion of the lining structure, seriously threatening the safety of the tunnel structure and the operating life.

[0003] At present, the engineering mainly relies on mechanical dredging and acid chemical cleaning to deal with such crystallization problems. Mechanical dredging methods include high-pressure water jets and rotary tool scraping. High-pressure water jets use high-pressure water flow to impact and crush the crystal layer, and peel off the crystal attachments through the dynamic impact shear effect of the water jet. It has the advantages of non-contact cleaning and adaptability to complex tube shapes; rotary tool scraping is to achieve layer-by-layer peeling by using the direct contact between the carbide cutter head and the crystal, which is suitable for local heavy crystal blockage sections. Chemical cleaning methods include acid pickling and complexing. The acid pickling method converts insoluble crystal scale components into soluble anions, cations and carbon dioxide through the principle of acid-base neutralization; the complexing method reacts the complexing agent with the crystal to generate a more stable complex that is easily soluble in water. The chemical treatment effect is obvious, easy to operate, highly feasible, and does not require external devices.

[0004] However, although high-pressure water jets can remove loose surface crystals, their efficiency in peeling off hard crystals is low. Rotary cutters are prone to damaging the inner wall of the pipeline, resulting in an increase in the pipe wall roughness, which further accelerates the subsequent crystallization rate and increases the maintenance frequency and cost. Although chemical cleaning can dissolve crystals, it will produce waste liquid that pollutes the environment, and the residual acid liquid will also corrode the pipeline, further exacerbating the aging and damage of the pipeline. At the same time, the existing technology disposal methods focus on removing crystals and do not consider maintaining the surface smoothness of the pipeline after crystal removal and anti-crystallization operations. Generally speaking, the existing technology is inefficient, costly, highly polluting, and focuses on after-treatment, lacking long-term prevention means and is difficult to meet the requirements of green construction and full-life cycle maintenance for removing crystals from tunnel longitudinal drainage pipelines.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a "treatment-prevention" device and disposal method for crystal diseases in tunnel longitudinal drainage pipes. By combining physical and chemical means, based on the concept of acid liquid recovery, and supplemented by anti-crystallization measures, the device realizes the "treatment-prevention" integrated operation and maintenance of crystal diseases in tunnel longitudinal drainage pipes; it not only improves the treatment efficiency of hard crystals, reduces environmental pollution and pipeline corrosion problems, but also realizes the long-term prevention of crystal diseases, significantly extends the maintenance cycle of the pipeline, and meets the requirements of green construction for removing crystals from tunnel longitudinal drainage pipes and full-life cycle maintenance.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention proposes a "treatment-prevention" device for crystal diseases in tunnel longitudinal drainage pipes, which is characterized in that it includes a composite function pipe. The front end of the composite function pipe is connected to a drill bit, and the tail end is connected to an external control box. Anti-crystallization spraying units, crystal detection units, and pickling circulation units are arranged at intervals around the middle part of the composite function pipe, and the anti-crystallization spraying units and pickling circulation units are communicated with the inside of the composite function pipe.

[0009] Specifically, the composite function pipe includes an outer pipe. Inside the outer pipe, there are arranged a high-pressure water pipe, an acid liquid supply pipe, an acid liquid recovery pipe, a dilution pipe, a central control pipe, and an anti-crystallization liquid pipe. The high-pressure water pipe is coaxial with the outer pipe, and the front end of the high-pressure water pipe extends out of the outer pipe and is connected to the drill bit. The anti-crystallization spraying unit is communicated with the anti-crystallization liquid pipe, and the pickling circulation unit is respectively communicated with the acid liquid supply pipe and the dilution pipe; a transmission cable is arranged inside the central control pipe, and the anti-crystallization spraying unit, the crystal detection unit, and the pickling circulation unit are electrically connected to the external control box through the transmission cable.

[0010] An inflation tube is also provided inside the outer tube. At least two airbag sealing units are provided around the composite function tube. The airbag sealing units are communicated with the inflation tube, and a pickling circulation unit is arranged between every two airbag sealing units.

[0011] Specifically, the tail end of the drill bit is connected to the high-pressure water pipe through a fixed cover plate. Inclined spray holes are also arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tail end of the drill bit. Each spray hole is communicated with the high-pressure water pipe.

[0012] Specifically, the pickling circulation unit includes a liquid spraying component and a recovery component. The liquid spraying component includes a first pipe support sleeved on the outer tube. A first annular pipe is sleeved outside the first pipe support. Nozzles are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the first annular pipe. The first annular pipe is also communicated with an acid solution supply pipe and a dilution pipe through a first short pipe and a second short pipe respectively. The recovery component includes an inner collar sleeved on the outer tube. A first groove is formed on the outer side wall of the inner collar. An outer collar is embedded in the first groove. A second groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer collar. The first groove and the second groove enclose a sealed annular space. The outer collar and the inner collar are coaxial and can rotate relative to each other. A third short pipe is arranged on the inner collar. The sealed annular space is communicated with an acid solution recovery pipe through the third short pipe and is communicated with a drain pipe through a hose. A gravity ball is arranged at one end of the hose away from the sealed annular space.

[0013] Specifically, the crystal detection unit includes a second pipe support sleeved on the outer tube. Detection units are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the second pipe support. The detection unit includes a laser scanning probe, a camera and an LED lighting unit. The laser scanning probe is used to obtain the cross-sectional data of the inner wall of the drain pipe to realize the morphology recognition and thickness measurement of crystal deposition. The camera performs real-time imaging on the inner wall of the drain pipe. The LED lighting unit provides uniform lighting for the camera.

[0014] Specifically, the airbag sealing unit includes two closed airbags. The airbags are sleeved on the outer tube and are communicated with the inflation tube through a fourth short pipe. The two closed airbags are in contact with each other.

[0015] Specifically, the anti-crystallization spraying unit includes a third pipe support sleeved on the outer tube. A second annular pipe is sleeved outside the third pipe support. Sector-shaped atomizing nozzles are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the second annular pipe. The second annular pipe is also communicated with an anti-crystallization liquid pipe through a fifth short pipe.

[0016] Specifically, a support structure is sleeved on one end of the outer pipe close to the drill bit. The support structure includes an axial adjustment assembly, and a plurality of radial adjustment assemblies are evenly distributed around the axial adjustment assembly at intervals in the circumferential direction. The axial adjustment assembly includes a front fixing bracket, a central movable bracket, a spring and a rear fixing bracket sleeved on the outer pipe. The central movable bracket is arranged between the front fixing bracket and the rear fixing bracket, and the central movable bracket is connected to the rear fixing bracket through a spring. The radial adjustment assembly includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod. One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the front fixing bracket, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the rear fixing bracket, the other end of the first connecting rod and one end of the fourth connecting rod are both hinged to the connecting shaft of the first wheel set, and the other end of the second connecting rod and the other end of the fourth connecting rod are both hinged to the connecting shaft of the second wheel set. One end of the third connecting rod is hinged to the central movable bracket, and the other end is hinged to the middle of the first connecting rod.

[0017] Specifically, the external control box includes a box body. An acid liquid recovery and filtration system, an anti-crystallization liquid tank, a water purification tank, a dilution liquid tank and a sensor information processing center are arranged in the box body. An operation panel is embedded on the wall of the box body. The acid liquid recovery and filtration system is communicated with an acid liquid recovery pipe and an acid liquid supply pipe. The water purification tank is communicated with a high-pressure water pipe. The anti-crystallization liquid tank is communicated with an anti-crystallization liquid pipe. The dilution liquid tank is communicated with a dilution pipe. The sensor information processing center is electrically connected to an anti-crystallization spraying unit, a crystallization detection unit, an acid pickling circulation unit and an airbag sealing unit.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a "treatment - prevention" disposal method for the crystallization disease of the longitudinal drain pipe in a tunnel, including the following steps:

[0019] S1. Preliminary crystallization treatment of the drain pipe: Insert the device described in any one of claims 2 to 9 into the drain pipe, and perform preliminary flushing on the inside of the drain pipe through the water flow in the high-pressure water pipe. After flushing away the loose crystals inside the drain pipe, withdraw the device.

[0020] S2. Prepare acid liquid: Insert the device into the drain pipe. The crystallization detection unit collects a set of cross-sectional data every 8 cm to 12 cm along the axial direction of the pipe, and calculates the concentration and amount of the acid liquid to be used according to the collected data of the crystallization detection unit; and prepare the acid liquid according to the calculation result.

[0021] S3. Acid pickling the drain pipe: Insert the device into the drain pipe. When the device reaches the target position, the airbag sealing unit is pressurized to divide the drain pipe into several closed ends. The prepared acid liquid is conveyed to the acid pickling circulation unit through the acid liquid supply pipe, and the inside of the drain pipe is acid pickled through the acid pickling circulation unit. After the acid pickling is completed, the pickling waste liquid is pumped out through the acid pickling circulation unit.

[0022] S4. Flush the drain pipe: Flush the inside of the drain pipe clean with the water flow in the dilution pipe;

[0023] S5. Anti-crystallization liquid spraying: Insert the device into the drain pipe, and spray the anti-crystallization liquid in the anti-crystallization liquid pipe onto the inner wall of the drain pipe through the anti-crystallization spraying unit.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) The device proposed by the present invention integrates functions of high-pressure water flushing, acid chemical dissolution, acid recovery, and anti-crystallization treatment. By combining high-pressure water flushing and acid chemical dissolution technologies, it can effectively remove hard and soft crystals in the longitudinal drain pipes of tunnels. High-pressure water flushing can quickly peel off loose crystals, while acid chemical dissolution can deeply treat hard crystals, significantly improving the efficiency of crystal removal. At the same time, it can also perform anti-crystallization treatment on the inner wall of the pipe after cleaning to prevent crystals from forming again. Through the "treatment - prevention" integrated design, it realizes the comprehensive treatment and long-term prevention of crystal diseases, significantly extends the service life of the pipe, improves the operation safety and reliability of the tunnel, and reduces the maintenance frequency and cost.

[0026] (2) The device proposed by the present invention includes an acid recovery system, which can recover and treat waste acid after acid cleaning, avoiding environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of acid. Through multi-stage filtration and recycling, it reduces the waste liquid generated during chemical cleaning and lowers the cost of chemical cleaning, meeting the requirements of green construction.

[0027] (3) The device proposed by the present invention is sleeved with an airbag sealing unit at intervals on the outer pipe. By inflating the airbag sealing unit, the cleaning pipe can be divided into several sealed sections. Through segmented closed acid pickling, it ensures that the acid reacts fully in a specific area, avoiding waste and diffusion. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the "prevention - treatment" device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite function pipe of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid spraying assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6This is a schematic structural diagram of the recovery component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crystal detection unit of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-crystallization spraying unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the external control box of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals: 1, drill bit; 101, injection hole; 2, support structure; 201, front fixing bracket; 202, central movable bracket; 203, spring; 204, rear fixing bracket; 205, first connecting rod; 206, third connecting rod; 207, first wheel set; 208, fourth connecting rod; 209, second wheel set; 210, second connecting rod; 3, anti-crystallization spraying unit; 301, third pipe support; 302, second annular pipe; 303, fan-shaped atomizing nozzle; 4, crystal detection unit; 401, second pipe support; 402, detection unit; 5, airbag sealing unit; 6, pickling circulation unit; 601, first pipe support; 602, first annular pipe; 603, pointed nozzle; 604, first short pipe; 605, second short pipe; 606, inner sleeve ring; 607, outer sleeve ring; 608, sealed annular space; 609, third short pipe; 610, hose; 611 gravity ball; 7, composite function pipe; 701, outer pipe; 702, high-pressure water pipe; 703, acid supply pipe; 704, acid recovery pipe; 705, dilution pipe; 706, central control pipe; 707, anti-crystallization liquid pipe; 708, inflation pipe; 8, external control box; 801, box body; 802, operation panel; 803, output port; 804, input port; 9, fixed cover plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4, this embodiment proposes a "treatment - prevention" device for the crystallization disease of longitudinal drain pipes in tunnels, including a composite functional pipe 7. The composite functional pipe 7 includes an outer pipe 701. Inside the outer pipe 701, there are a high - pressure water pipe 702, an acid solution supply pipe 703, an acid solution recovery pipe 704, a dilution pipe 705, a central control pipe 706, and an anti - crystallization liquid pipe 707. The high - pressure water pipe 702 is coaxial with the outer pipe 701. The front end of the high - pressure water pipe 702 extends out of the outer pipe 701 and is connected to the drill bit 1 through a fixed cover plate 9. The tail end of the drill bit 1 is also provided with inclined spray holes 101 at intervals along its circumference. Each spray hole 101 is communicated with the high - pressure water pipe 702. The front ends of the acid solution supply pipe 703, the acid solution recovery pipe 704, the dilution pipe 705, the central control pipe 706, and the anti - crystallization liquid pipe 707 are all closed. The tail ends of the high - pressure water pipe 702, the acid solution supply pipe 703, the acid solution recovery pipe 704, the dilution pipe 705, the central control pipe 706, and the anti - crystallization liquid pipe 707 are all connected to an external control box 8. At the middle periphery of the outer pipe 701, there are an anti - crystallization spraying unit 3, a crystallization detection unit 4, and an acid pickling circulation unit 6 arranged at intervals. The anti - crystallization spraying unit 3 is communicated with the anti - crystallization liquid pipe 707. The acid pickling circulation unit 6 is respectively communicated with the acid solution supply pipe 703 and the dilution pipe 705; a transmission cable is arranged inside the central control pipe 706. The anti - crystallization spraying unit 3, the crystallization detection unit 4, the acid pickling circulation unit 6, and the anti - crystallization spraying unit 3 are electrically connected to the external control box 8 through the transmission cable.

[0041] In this embodiment, high - efficiency drilling is achieved by supplying water through the high - pressure water pipe 702. The cutting end of the drill bit 1 is designed in a conical shape, equipped with cutting edges and side slots to enhance the crushing and chip - removal effects. The inclined spray holes 101 at the tail of the drill bit 1 divert the high - pressure water to form an inclined spray water flow. The high - pressure spray water flow can remove the loose crystals in the pipe, and the generated propulsive force drives the drill bit 1 to drive the composite functional pipe 7 forward. At the same time, the rotational force drives the drill bit 1 to spin to break through the obstacles ahead. The structure of the fixed cover plate 9 is firmly connected to the high - pressure water pipe 702 through fixing bolts, and at the same time allows the cutting end of the drill bit 1 to rotate freely. The maximum diameter of the drill bit 1 should be smaller than the diameter of the drain pipe to avoid rubbing against the inner wall of the pipe as much as possible; the acid pickling and cleaning liquid recovery of the drain pipe are realized through the acid pickling circulation unit 6, the crystallization condition of the inner wall of the drain pipe is detected through the crystallization detection unit 4, and the anti - crystallization liquid is evenly sprayed onto the inner wall surface of the cleaned pipe through the anti - crystallization spraying unit 3 to form a uniform anti - crystallization layer.

[0042] To achieve efficient cleaning of the drain pipe, at least two airbag sealing units 5 electrically connected to the external control box 8 can be provided on the periphery of the outer pipe 701. In this embodiment, 3 are preferably provided. An air charging pipe 708 is also provided inside the outer pipe 701. The airbag sealing unit 5 is communicated with the air charging pipe 708. An acid pickling circulation unit 6 is provided between every two airbag sealing units 5. In this way, by inflating the airbag sealing unit 5, two sealed sections can be separated from the drain pipe. Through segmented closed acid pickling, it is ensured that the acid solution reacts fully in a specific area, avoiding waste and diffusion.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the acid pickling circulation unit 6 includes a liquid spraying component and a recovery component arranged at intervals on the outer pipe. The liquid spraying component includes a first pipe support 601 sleeved on the outer pipe 701. A first annular pipe 602 is sleeved on the periphery of the first pipe support 601. Nozzles 603 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction on the first annular pipe 602. The first annular pipe 602 is also communicated with an acid solution supply pipe 703 and a dilution pipe 705 through a first short pipe 604 and a second short pipe 605 respectively. The recovery component includes an inner collar 606 sleeved on the outer pipe 701. A first groove is formed on the outer side wall of the inner collar 606. An outer collar 607 is embedded in the first groove. A second groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer collar 607. The first groove and the second groove enclose a sealed annular space 608. The outer collar 607 and the inner collar 606 are coaxial and can rotate relative to each other. A third short pipe 609 is arranged on the inner collar 606. The sealed annular space 608 is communicated with an acid solution recovery pipe 704 through the third short pipe 609 and is communicated with the drain pipe through a hose 610. A gravity ball 611 is arranged at one end of the hose 610 away from the sealed annular space 608. When pickling the drain pipe, the acid solution in the acid solution supply pipe 703 is sprayed into the drain pipe through the liquid spraying component to react and clean the crystals. After pickling is completed, the cleaning solution is recovered through the recovery component and the acid solution recovery pipe 704. In this embodiment, the sealed annular space 608 of the recovery component is composed of the inner collar 606 and the outer collar 607, ensuring that the inner collar 606 and the outer collar 607 can rotate relative to each other coaxially. A gravity ball 611 is arranged at one end of the hose 610 away from the sealed annular space 608. The self-weight of the gravity ball 611 can ensure that one end of the hose 610 away from the sealed annular space 608 is always located at the bottom of the pipe, facilitating full recovery of the cleaning waste liquid or dilution liquid, and at the same time avoiding waste liquid being unable to be recovered due to pipe entanglement, improving the recovery efficiency.

[0044] Reference Figure 7, the crystallization detection unit 4 is used to detect the crystallization deposition situation inside the drain pipe in real time and evaluate the cleaning effect. It includes a second pipe support 401 sleeved on the outer pipe 701. Detection units 402 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the second pipe support 401. In this embodiment, the number of detection units 402 is preferably 8 to ensure a full-range detection of the inner wall of the drain pipe. The detection unit 402 includes a laser scanning probe, a camera, and an LED lighting unit. The laser scanning probe is used to obtain the cross-sectional data of the inner wall of the drain pipe to realize the morphology recognition and thickness measurement of the crystallization deposition. The camera performs real-time imaging of the inner wall of the drain pipe and transmits the data to the external control box 8 so that the operator can intuitively observe the crystallization state and judge the cleaning effect. The LED lighting unit provides uniform illumination for the camera in a low-light environment. To facilitate the connection of the detection unit 402 to the external control box 8 through a transmission cable, a circular pipe can be sleeved outside the second pipe support 401, and the detection unit 402 is arranged on the circular pipe. The circular pipe is connected to the central control pipe 706 through a short pipe to facilitate the electrical connection between the crystallization detection unit 4 and the external control box through a transmission cable.

[0045] The airbag sealing unit 5 includes two closed airbags. The airbags are sleeved on the outer pipe 701 and communicated with the air charging pipe 708 through a fourth short pipe. The two closed airbags are in contact with each other. The failure of one airbag does not affect the other airbag, fully ensuring the sealing effect and preventing the leakage of acid solution due to the failure of the airbag sealing unit 5. To ensure the reliability of the airbag sealing unit 5, an air pressure sudden drop warning can be set at the same time. When the sensor detects that the air pressure drop rate > 0.05 MPa / s, an alarm is triggered, the acid solution injection is immediately stopped, and at the same time, the dilution pipe 705 is opened to dilute the injected acid solution.

[0046] Reference Figure 8 , the anti-crystallization spraying unit 3 includes a third pipe support 301 sleeved on the outer pipe 701. A second circular pipe 302 is sleeved outside the third pipe support 301. Sector-shaped atomizing nozzles 303 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second circular pipe 302, which can realize circumferential full-coverage spraying inside the drain pipe. The second circular pipe 302 is also communicated with the anti-crystallization liquid pipe 707 through a fifth short pipe. During the spraying process, the atomizing nozzles evenly spray the anti-crystallization liquid onto the inner wall surface of the cleaned pipe to form a uniform anti-crystallization layer.

[0047] Reference Figure 3, in order to make the device self - centering, a support structure 2 is also sleeved at one end of the outer tube 701 close to the drill bit 1. The support structure 2 includes an axial adjustment assembly, and several radial adjustment assemblies are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction around the axial adjustment assembly. The number of the radial adjustment assemblies can be more than 3, and preferably 4 in this embodiment. The axial adjustment assembly includes a front fixed bracket 201, a central movable bracket 202, a spring 203 and a rear fixed bracket 204 sleeved on the outer tube 701. The central movable bracket 202 is arranged between the front fixed bracket 201 and the rear fixed bracket 204, and the central movable bracket 202 is connected to the rear fixed bracket 204 through the spring 203. The radial adjustment assembly includes a first connecting rod 205, a second connecting rod 210, a third connecting rod 206 and a fourth connecting rod 208. One end of the first connecting rod 205 is hinged to the front fixed bracket 201, one end of the second connecting rod 210 is hinged to the rear fixed bracket 204, the other end of the first connecting rod 205 and one end of the fourth connecting rod 208 are both hinged to the connecting shaft of the first wheel set, and the other end of the second connecting rod 210 and the other end of the fourth connecting rod 208 are both hinged to the connecting shaft of the second wheel set 209. One end of the third connecting rod 206 is hinged to the central movable bracket 202, and the other end is hinged to the middle part of the first connecting rod 205. When the device enters the drain pipe, the support structure 2 automatically expands or contracts with the change of the pipe diameter, so that the wheel set always stably contacts the pipe wall and provides an equal supporting force, thereby ensuring that the drill bit 1 always remains at the center position of the pipe and effectively reducing the risk of damage to the drain pipe wall.

[0048] Reference Figure 9, the external control box 8 includes a box body 801, in which an acid liquid recovery and filtration system, an anti-crystallization liquid tank, a clean water tank, a dilution liquid tank and a sensor information processing center are arranged. An operation panel 802 is embedded on the wall of the box body 801. The acid liquid recovery and filtration system is communicated with an acid liquid recovery pipe 704 and an acid liquid supply pipe 703. The clean water tank is communicated with a high-pressure water pipe 702. The anti-crystallization liquid tank is communicated with an anti-crystallization liquid pipe 707. The dilution liquid tank is communicated with a dilution pipe 705. The sensor information processing center is electrically connected to an anti-crystallization spraying unit 3, a crystallization detection unit 4, an acid pickling circulation unit 6 and an airbag sealing unit 5. Among them, the acid liquid recovery and filtration system consists of a negative pressure pump, a double filter and an acid liquid circulation storage tank, and is equipped with a pH sensor. The sensor is arranged in the acid liquid circulation storage tank and can monitor the pH change of the solution in the tank and the dilution water pumped back from the pipeline after flushing in real time. The double filter adopts two-stage filtration: the first-stage centrifugal separator is used to remove large-particle crystallization residues, and the second-stage ceramic membrane filter is used to intercept colloids and fine impurities. The anti-crystallization liquid tank contains a pump and an anti-crystallization liquid storage tank to ensure the stable supply of the anti-crystallization liquid. The sensor information processing center is used to receive and analyze various sensor data. The operation panel 802 provides a user interaction interface to realize system control and monitoring. The composite pipeline is connected to the external control box 8 through the output port 803 of the external control box 8. The input port 804 of the external control box 8 can be connected to an external municipal cleaning vehicle to provide a high-pressure water source and a stable power supply.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] This embodiment proposes a "treatment - prevention" disposal method for the crystallization disease of longitudinal drainage pipes in tunnels, specifically including the following steps:

[0051] S1. Preliminary crystallization treatment of the drainage pipe: The input port 804 of the external control box 8 is connected to a municipal cleaning vehicle through an external pipeline. Set the input water pressure to 10 - 20 MPa. First, manually remove the sundries at the port of the longitudinal drainage pipe, and then insert the "treatment - prevention" device in Embodiment 1 into the drainage pipe. After the support structure 2 completely enters the drainage pipe, open the valve of the high-pressure water pipe 702, and use the high-pressure water flow to conduct preliminary scouring on the loose crystals in the drainage pipe. Adopt a "forward - backward" circulation mode, where the single - push distance ≤ 5 m, and preferably 3 m in this embodiment. Use the water flow to scrape back and forth to ensure that the loose crystals are completely peeled off. After flushing all the loose crystals inside the drainage pipe, close the high-pressure water valve, pull out the device, and discharge the crystallization residues washed down along the pipeline to an external collection device;

[0052] S2. Configure the acid solution: Insert the device into the drain pipe and move it uniformly along the pipe axis at a speed of 0.5 m / s. The crystallization detection unit 4 collects a set of cross-sectional data every 10 cm along the pipe axis. The cross-sectional data includes the area A(x) of the cavity region, and a three-dimensional model of the pipe is generated synchronously in combination with the inner diameter of the drain pipe itself to determine the crystallization situation of each closed section, complete the selection of the acid solution and the calculation of the dosage, and finally determine the dosing plan. Add the acid solution to the circulation storage tank according to the calculation results;

[0053] Acid solution selection: Citric acid with a mass fraction of 10%, AMPS with a mass fraction of 10%, or sulfamic acid with a mass fraction of 10% can be selected. All three have good dissolution effects on the crystallization products, and their scale removal rates are 76.90%, 60.39%, and nearly 100% respectively.

[0054] The calculation method of the acid solution dosage is as follows:

[0055] Integrate the cavity area:

[0056]

[0057] Consult the design drawings to determine the inner diameter D of the pipe and calculate its V 总空腔 , and finally obtain its crystallization volume V 结晶 , and finally determine the concentration and amount of the acid to be added based on the type of acid used.

[0058]

[0059] V 结晶 = V 总空腔 - V 空腔

[0060] The calculation formula for the volume of the acid solution required:

[0061]

[0062] Where: D - Inner diameter of the pipe (m)

[0063] L - Treatment length (m)

[0064] K - Reaction molar ratio (for example, the reaction molar ratio of hydrochloric acid to CaCO3 is 2)

[0065] ρ - Crystallization density (take 2.71 g / cm3)

[0066] C - Acid solution concentration (g / L)

[0067] S3. Pickling the drain pipe: Insert the device into the drain pipe, use the backward thrust of high-pressure water flow to push the device to the target position, open the inflation valve of the inflation pipe 708, so that the airbag expands, forming several closed segments in the drain pipe, and monitor the airbag pressure in real time. When the pressure drop rate > 0.05 MPa / s, trigger an alarm and start the dilution pipe 705. Inject the prepared acid solution into the segment through the acid solution supply pipe 703. Wait for the acid solution to react for 10 - 15 minutes. During this period, the PH sensor monitors the change in acid solution concentration. After the acid solution reaction is completed, start the acid solution negative pressure recovery pump, suck the waste acid with a negative pressure of -0.1 to -0.2 MPa. The waste acid enters the circulation storage tank after being separated from impurities through two-stage filtration: If the cleaning is not completed, the acid solution can be reused, and at the same time, new acid can be added to the circulating acid solution according to the cleaning requirements. The number of times of acid solution reuse can also be determined according to actual needs.

[0068] S4. Flushing the drain pipe: Flush the inside of the drain pipe through the water flow in the dilution pipe 705 to thoroughly remove the residual acid solution. At the same time, the waste acid recovered after the cleaning and the diluted and pumped-back wastewater need to be neutralized with alkali to pH = 6 - 8 before they can be discharged up to standard.

[0069] S5. Anti-crystallization liquid spraying: After the anti-crystallization work is completed, insert the device into the drain pipe, start the valve of the anti-crystallization liquid pipe 707, slowly push the pipe forward, and spray the anti-crystallization liquid in the anti-crystallization liquid pipe 707 on the inner wall of the drain pipe through the anti-crystallization spraying unit 3. The spraying rate is less than 0.5 m / s, and at the same time, ensure that the coverage rate ≥ 95%. Try to close both ends of the drain pipe during its natural curing period to avoid drainage from damaging the spraying effect. The curing period is greater than 30 min, and 40 min is preferably selected in this embodiment. Selection and dosage calculation of anti-crystallization liquid

[0070] Among them, the selection of anti-crystallization liquid:

[0071] The anti-crystallization liquid can be selected from green scale inhibitors, which mainly have three categories: polyepoxysuccinic acid, polyaspartic acid, and glutamic acid. These scale inhibitors are phosphorus-free and nitrogen-free, have good biodegradability, and have less harm to the environment.

[0072] Dosage calculation of anti-crystallization liquid:

[0073] V 防 = πDL·δ

[0074] Among them: δ - coating thickness (preset 0.1 mm).

[0075] In this embodiment, after executing S1 to S4, the inside of the drainage pipe can be detected again. If the internal crystallization degree does not meet the requirements, S1 to S4 can be repeated until the internal crystallization degree meets the requirements and then S5 is executed.

[0076] The specific embodiments of the present invention enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0077] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for treating and preventing crystallization of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipes, characterized in that: The invention comprises a composite functional tube (7), wherein the front end of the composite functional tube (7) is connected to a drill bit (1), and the rear end is connected to an external control box (8); an anti-crystallization spray unit (3), a crystallization detection unit (4), and a pickling circulation unit (6) are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the middle part of the composite functional tube (7); and the anti-crystallization spray unit (3) and the pickling circulation unit (6) are connected to the inside of the composite functional tube (7).

2. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The composite function (7) pipe comprises an outer pipe (701), wherein a high-pressure water pipe (702), an acid liquid supply pipe (703), an acid liquid recovery pipe (704), a dilution pipe (705), a central control pipe (706), and an anti-crystallization liquid pipe (707) are arranged inside the outer pipe, wherein the high-pressure water pipe (702) is coaxial with the outer pipe (701), and the front end of the high-pressure water pipe (702) extends out of the outer pipe (701) and is connected to the drill bit (1), the anti-crystallization spray unit (3) is connected to the anti-crystallization liquid pipe (707), and the pickling circulation unit (6) is respectively connected to the acid liquid supply pipe (703) and the dilution pipe (705); a transmission cable is arranged inside the central control pipe (706), and the anti-crystallization spray unit (3), the crystallization detection unit (4) and the pickling circulation unit (6) are electrically connected to the external control box (8) via the transmission cable; An inflation tube (708) is also provided inside the outer tube (701), and at least two airbag sealing units (5) are also provided on the periphery of the composite functional tube (7). The airbag sealing units (5) are connected to the inflation tube (708), and an acid washing circulation unit (6) is provided between every two airbag sealing units (5).

3. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The tail end of the drill bit (1) is connected to the high-pressure water pipe (702) via a fixed cover plate (9), and the tail end of the drill bit (1) is also provided with inclined spray holes (101) at intervals along its circumference, and each of the spray holes (101) is connected to the high-pressure water pipe (702).

4. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pickling circulation unit (6) comprises a liquid spraying component and a recovery component. The liquid spraying component comprises a first pipe support (601) sleeved on an outer pipe (701). A first annular pipe (602) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first pipe support (601). Pointed nozzles (603) are arranged on the first annular pipe (602) at intervals along the circumferential direction. The first annular pipe (602) is also connected to the acid supply pipe (703) and the dilution pipe (705) respectively through a first short pipe (604) and a second short pipe (605). The recovery component comprises an inner sleeve ring (606) sleeved on the outer pipe (701). The outer wall of the inner sleeve ring (606) is provided with a A first groove is formed in the first groove, an outer ring (607) is embedded in the first groove, a second groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer ring (607), the first groove and the second groove form a sealed annular space (608), the outer ring (607) and the inner ring (608) are coaxial and can rotate with each other, a third short tube (609) is arranged on the inner ring (608), the sealed annular space (608) is connected with the acid recovery pipe (704) through the third short tube (609), and is connected with the drain pipe through the hose (610), and a gravity ball (611) is arranged at one end of the hose (610) away from the sealed annular space (608).

5. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The crystal detection unit (4) comprises a second pipe support (401) sleeved on an outer pipe (701), and detection units (402) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the outer side of the second pipe support (401), and the detection unit (402) comprises a laser scanning probe, a camera and an LED lighting unit, wherein the laser scanning probe is used to obtain cross-sectional data of the inner wall of the drainage pipe to realize morphological recognition and thickness measurement of crystal deposition; the camera performs real-time imaging of the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and the LED lighting unit provides uniform lighting for the camera.

6. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The airbag sealing unit (5) comprises two closed airbags, which are sleeved on the outer tube (1) and connected to the inflation tube (708) through a fourth short tube, and the two closed airbags are in contact with each other.

7. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anti-crystallization spray unit (3) comprises a third pipe support (301) sleeved on an outer pipe (701), a second annular pipe (302) being sleeved on the outer periphery of the third pipe support (301), fan-shaped atomizing nozzles (303) being arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second annular pipe (302), and the second annular pipe (302) is also connected to the anti-crystallization liquid pipe (707) through a fifth short pipe (304).

8. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer tube (701) is sleeved with a support structure (2) at one end close to the drill bit (1), and the support structure (2) includes an axial adjustment component, and a plurality of radial adjustment components are evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the axial adjustment component along its circumference, and the axial adjustment component includes a front fixed support (201) sleeved on the outer tube (701), a central movable support (202), a spring (203) and a rear fixed support (204), the central movable support (202) is arranged between the front fixed support (201) and the rear fixed support (204), and the central movable support (202) and the rear fixed support (204) are connected by a spring (203), and the radial adjustment component includes a first connecting rod (2 05), a second connecting rod (210), a third connecting rod (206) and a fourth connecting rod (208), one end of the first connecting rod (205) is hinged to the front fixed bracket (201), one end of the second connecting rod (210) is hinged to the rear fixed bracket (204), the other end of the first connecting rod (205) and one end of the fourth connecting rod (208) are both hinged to the connecting shaft of the first wheel group (207), the other end of the second connecting rod (210) and the other end of the fourth connecting rod (208) are both hinged to the connecting shaft of the second wheel group (209), one end of the third connecting rod (206) is hinged to the central movable bracket (202), and the other end is hinged to the middle of the first connecting rod (205).

9. The device for treating and preventing crystallization disease of tunnel longitudinal drainage pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The external control box (8) comprises a box body (801), wherein an acid recovery and filtration system, an anti-crystallization liquid tank, a clean water tank, a diluent tank and a sensor information processing center are arranged in the box body (801), an operation panel (802) is embedded on the wall of the box body (801), the acid recovery and filtration system is connected to an acid recovery pipe (704) and an acid supply pipe (703), the clean water tank is connected to a high-pressure water pipe (702), the anti-crystallization liquid tank is connected to an anti-crystallization liquid pipe (707), the diluent tank is connected to a diluent pipe (705), and the sensor information processing center is electrically connected to an anti-crystallization spray unit (3), a crystallization detection unit (4), an acid washing circulation unit (6) and an airbag sealing unit (5).

10. A method for treating and preventing crystallization disease in tunnel longitudinal drainage pipes, the method being based on the device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preliminary crystallization treatment of the drain pipe: insert the device described in any one of claims 2 to 9 into the drain pipe, use the water flow in the high-pressure water pipe (702) to preliminarily flush the drain pipe, flush away the loose crystals inside the drain pipe, and then pull out the device; S2. Acid solution preparation: the device is inserted into the drainage pipe, and the crystal detection unit (4) collects a set of cross-sectional data every time it advances 8 cm to 12 cm along the axial direction of the pipe, and the acid solution concentration and acid solution amount used are calculated based on the collected data of the crystal detection unit (4); and the acid solution is prepared based on the calculated results; S3, pickling the drain pipe: the device is inserted into the drain pipe, and when the device reaches the target position, the airbag sealing unit (5) is pressurized to separate the drain pipe into a plurality of closed ends, and the prepared acid solution is transported to the pickling circulation unit (6) through the acid solution supply pipe (703), and the inside of the drain pipe is pickled through the pickling circulation unit (6). After the pickling is completed, the pickling waste liquid is extracted through the pickling circulation unit (6); S4, flushing the drain pipe: flushing the inside of the drain pipe with water flow in the dilution pipe (705); S5, anti-crystallization liquid spraying: the device is extended into the drain pipe, and the anti-crystallization liquid in the anti-crystallization liquid pipe (707) is sprayed onto the inner wall of the drain pipe through the anti-crystallization spraying unit (3).

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