Intelligent rice male parent harvesting machine based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-pollution

Abstract

The application discloses a rice paternal plant intelligent harvesting machine based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-pollution, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a cutting table, a vehicle body, a caterpillar type chassis and a connecting bridge, a storage bin and a control cavity are arranged on the vehicle body, a discharge port of the cutting table is connected with one end of the connecting bridge, the other end of the connecting bridge is connected with a crushed material feeding port of the vehicle body, an intelligent control module is arranged in the control cavity of the vehicle body, the caterpillar type chassis is connected with the bottom end of the vehicle body, a blowing mechanism and a water spraying mechanism are further connected to the cutting table, and a sweeping reel is connected with the top end of the cutting table; the cutting table is used for finely cutting the rice paternal plant, the paternal plant can be crushed to the size of crushed material suitable for composting or green utilization, and meanwhile, the blowing mechanism and the water spraying mechanism are used, the water curtain dust suppression and the blowing mechanism are used in cooperation, and the possibility that the paternal plant crushed material pollutes the maternal plant is obviously reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to an intelligent rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is a monoecious crop, and superior rice varieties have a significant impact on rice quality. Therefore, hybrid vigor can be used to improve rice quality through seed production. In hybrid rice breeding, the harvesting of the male parent plant plays a crucial role in ensuring seed purity. Before harvesting, the male parent plant must be removed to ensure seed purity. During breeding, male parent plants are often planted in single or double rows. If traditional small harvesters are used for harvesting the male parent, the simple design of the cutting components often results in a large amount of debris being scattered. This debris can easily mix into the female parent area, severely affecting seed purity.

[0003] Currently, the market's specific needs for paternal parent harvesting, such as pollution control and intelligent adaptation, have not yet been specifically optimized. Therefore, how to provide a dedicated paternal parent harvesting device that can achieve efficient layered cutting, dynamically prevent splash contamination, and integrate intelligent recognition and navigation functions to meet the dual requirements of seed purity and operational efficiency in hybrid rice seed production scenarios is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling to solve the aforementioned technical problems. This device utilizes a cutting platform to precisely cut the rice male parent plants, breaking them into fragments suitable for composting or organic use. Simultaneously, in conjunction with a blower mechanism and a water spraying system, the combined effect of water curtain dust suppression and the blower mechanism significantly reduces the possibility of male parent debris contaminating the female parent.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A smart rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling includes a header, a vehicle body, a tracked chassis, and a connecting bridge. A material discharge port is located on one side of the header, and a rice feed port is located on the side of the header corresponding to the material discharge port. A material feed port is located on one side of the vehicle body. The vehicle body also has a storage bin and a control chamber. The material discharge port of the header is connected to one end of the connecting bridge, and the other end of the connecting bridge is connected to the material feed port of the vehicle body. An intelligent control module is located in the control chamber of the vehicle body. The tracked chassis is connected to the bottom of the vehicle body, and the intelligent control module is electrically connected to a track drive motor on the tracked chassis. A blower mechanism and a water spraying mechanism are also connected to the header, and a reel is connected to the top of the header.

[0007] Furthermore, the header includes a header frame, on which rice feed inlets and shredded material outlets are respectively provided on corresponding sides. The end of the header frame with the shredded material outlet is connected to a connecting bridge. A cutter is detachably connected to the bottom of the side of the header frame with the rice feed inlet. A layered wheel-type cutter is rotatably connected inside the header frame. A cutter drive motor is also provided on the outer wall of the header frame. The output end of the cutter drive motor passes through the header frame and is connected to the layered wheel-type cutter. A reel support frame is connected to the top of the header frame. A reel is rotatably connected to the reel support frame. The reel has multiple reeling teeth. A reel drive motor is provided on the reel support frame. The output end of the reel drive motor passes through the reel support frame and is connected to the reel. Both the cutter drive motor and the reel drive motor are electrically connected to the intelligent control module.

[0008] Furthermore, the layered wheel-type cutting blade includes an outer flat blade assembly, an inner serrated blade assembly, a cutting blade drive shaft, and an intermediate fixing plate. The outer flat blade assembly and the inner serrated blade assembly are both sleeved on the cutting blade drive shaft. The inner serrated blade assembly is located inside the outer flat blade assembly. The middle position of the outer flat blade assembly is fixedly connected to the intermediate fixing plate through the intermediate fixing plate. The inner serrated blade assembly and the outer flat blade assembly are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cutting table through the cutting blade drive shaft. The output end of the cutting blade drive motor passes through the outer wall of the cutting table and is connected to the cutting blade drive shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the blower mechanism includes a blower frame, nozzles, ducts, and a centrifugal fan. The centrifugal fan is fixed to the outer wall of the cutter frame. Blower frames are provided on both sides corresponding to the rice feed inlet on the cutter frame. Multiple nozzles are provided on the blower frame. A ventilation cavity is provided inside the blower frame. The blower frame is connected to the multiple nozzles through the ventilation cavity. The air outlet of the centrifugal fan is connected to one end of the duct. The end of the duct away from the centrifugal fan is connected to the ventilation cavity. The centrifugal fan is electrically connected to the intelligent control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the water spraying mechanism includes a water spraying bracket, water curtain nozzles, a water tank, a water pipe, and a water pump. The water tank is fixed to the outer wall of the cutter frame. A water level sensor is installed inside the water tank and is electrically connected to the intelligent control module. Water spraying brackets are installed on both sides corresponding to the rice feed inlet on the cutter frame. A water passage cavity is provided inside the water spraying bracket. Multiple water curtain nozzles are installed on the water spraying bracket. The multiple water curtain nozzles on the water spraying bracket are connected to the water curtain nozzles through the water passage cavity. The water curtain nozzles are connected to one end of the water pipe through the water passage cavity. The other end of the water pipe extends into the water tank and is connected to the water pump installed inside the water tank. The water pump is electrically connected to the intelligent control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the vehicle body is also equipped with multiple image acquisition modules and monitoring sensors, and the inner wall of the storage bin on the vehicle body is also equipped with a material full bin sensor. The image acquisition modules, monitoring sensors, and material full bin sensor are all electrically connected to the intelligent control module.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The present invention uses a cutting platform to finely cut the male parent rice plant, which can break the male parent into pieces that are suitable for composting or greening. At the same time, it is combined with a blower mechanism and a water spraying mechanism. Through the synergistic effect of water curtain dust suppression and blower mechanism, the possibility of male parent debris contaminating the female parent is significantly reduced.

[0014] (2) The present invention is also provided with a layered wheel cutter. By designing the traditional wheel cutter in layers, the parent material can be crushed to the size of the material that can be used for composting or green purposes.

[0015] (3) Based on the image acquisition module and multi-sensor fusion technology, the present invention realizes real-time analysis of crop status, adjusts the rotation speed of the layered cutting disc in real time according to the feedback of stem hardness and moisture content, automatically identifies the parent row, autonomously plans the optimal harvesting path, and realizes unmanned operation.

[0016] (4) This invention realizes the special harvesting of the male parent of rice in the process of rice breeding, and promotes the development of full mechanization in the process of rice breeding. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting platform.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blower mechanism.

[0023] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the water curtain nozzle.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a top view of the layered wheel-type cutting blade.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a layered wheel-type cutting blade.

[0026] Among them, 1-reeling reel, 2-reeling tooth, 3-cutting table, 4-cutting blade, 5-layered wheel-type cutting blade, 501-outer flat blade assembly, 502-inner serrated assembly, 503-intermediate fixing plate, 6-blowing mechanism, 601-air nozzle, 7-water curtain nozzle, 8-centrifugal fan, 9-connecting bridge, 10-water tank, 11-tracked chassis, 12-vehicle body, 13-material full bin sensor, 14-intelligent control module, 15-monitoring sensor, 16-image acquisition module, 17-reeling reel drive motor, 18-cutting blade drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1-8As shown, this invention provides an intelligent rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling, including a header 3, a vehicle body 12, a tracked chassis 11, and a connecting bridge 9. The header 3 has a material discharge port on one side and a rice feed port on the side corresponding to the material discharge port. The vehicle body 12 has a material feed port on one side and also includes a storage bin and a control chamber. The discharge port of the header 3 is connected to one end of the connecting bridge 9, and the other end of the connecting bridge 9 is connected to the material feed port of the vehicle body 12. An intelligent control module 14 is installed in the control chamber of the vehicle body 12. The tracked chassis 11 is connected to the bottom of the vehicle body 12. Module 14 is electrically connected to the track drive motor mounted on the tracked chassis 11. The header 3 is also connected to a blower mechanism 6 and a water spraying mechanism. The top of the header 3 is connected to a reel 1. The intelligent control module 14 includes a Beidou navigation unit, a dynamic parameter matching unit, a central processing unit, and a battery. The Beidou navigation unit, the dynamic parameter matching unit, and the battery are all electrically connected to the central processing unit. The cooperation between the Beidou navigation unit, the dynamic parameter matching unit, and the central processing unit can monitor the position of the harvester at all times and move precisely in coordination with the tracked chassis 11 to ensure the automation of harvesting the parent rice plants and improve harvesting efficiency. The intelligent control module 14 can also be a PLC controller.

[0029] In this embodiment, the header 3 includes a header frame. A rice feed inlet and a shredded material outlet are respectively provided on opposite sides of the header frame. The end of the header frame with the shredded material outlet is connected to a connecting bridge 9. A cutter 4 is detachably connected to the bottom of the side of the header frame with the rice feed inlet. A layered wheel-type cutter 5 is rotatably connected inside the header frame. A cutter drive motor 18 is also provided on the outer wall of the header frame. The output end of the cutter drive motor 18 passes through the header frame and is connected to the layered wheel-type cutter 5. A reel support frame is connected to the top of the header frame. A reel 1 is rotatably connected to the reel support frame. The reel 1 is provided with multiple reeling teeth 2. A reel drive motor 17 is provided on the reel support frame. The output end of the reel is connected to the reel 1 through the reel support frame. The cutting blade drive motor 18 and the reel drive motor 17 are both electrically connected to the intelligent control module 14. The layered wheel cutting blade 5 can chop the rice parent plant multiple times to ensure smooth subsequent harvesting and avoid the rice parent plant being too long and causing blockage of the harvester. The connecting bridge 9 is used to connect the header 3 and the vehicle body 12 to ensure that the chopped rice parent plant is transported into the vehicle body 12. The connecting bridge 9 can also be equipped with a conveyor belt to transport the rice parent plant into the vehicle body 12. The cutting blade 4 is mainly used to cut the fallen rice parent plant from the bottom. The reel 1 drives the reeling spring 2 to rotate continuously by rotating, thereby using the reeling spring 2 to pull the rice parent plant down onto the header 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the layered wheel-type cutting blade 5 includes an outer flat blade assembly 501, an inner serrated blade assembly 502, a cutting blade drive shaft, and an intermediate fixing plate 503. The outer flat blade assembly 501 and the inner serrated blade assembly 502 are both sleeved on the cutting blade drive shaft. The inner serrated blade assembly 502 is located inside the outer flat blade assembly 501. The middle position of the outer flat blade assembly 501 is fixedly connected to the intermediate fixing plate 503 through the intermediate fixing plate 503. The inner serrated blade assembly 502 and the outer flat blade assembly 501 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cutting platform 3 through the cutting blade drive shaft. The output end of the cutting blade drive motor 18 passes through the outer wall of the cutting platform 3 and is connected to the cutting blade drive shaft. The outer flat blade assembly 501 performs the first cut on the rice parent plant, and the inner serrated blade assembly 502 performs the second cut and crushing on the rice parent plant, ensuring that the rice parent plant can be crushed for subsequent tasks. The crushed parent plant is blown into the vehicle body 12 from the connecting bridge 9 through the blower mechanism 6.

[0031] In this embodiment, the blower mechanism 6 includes a blower frame, nozzles 601, an air duct, and a centrifugal fan 8. The centrifugal fan 8 is fixed to the outer wall of the cutter frame. Blower frames are provided on both sides corresponding to the rice feed inlet on the cutter frame. Multiple nozzles 601 are provided on the blower frame, and a ventilation cavity is provided inside the blower frame. The blower frame is connected to the multiple nozzles 601 through the ventilation cavity. The air outlet of the centrifugal fan 8 is connected to one end of the air duct. The end of the pipe away from the centrifugal fan 8 is connected to the ventilation cavity. The centrifugal fan 8 is electrically connected to the intelligent control module 14. The blower mechanism 6 is mainly set at the bottom of the rice feed inlet, and the nozzle 601 is mainly facing the inside of the rice feed inlet. This makes it convenient for the nozzle 601 to blow air from the bottom to blow the chopped rice parent plant fragments into the rice feed inlet, preventing the rice parent plant fragments from floating out of the rice feed inlet and contaminating the rice mother plant area. The air blown out by the centrifugal fan 8 passes through the air pipe and the ventilation cavity and is then blown out from the nozzle.

[0032] In this embodiment, the water spraying mechanism includes a water spraying bracket, water curtain nozzles 7, a water tank 10, water pipes, and a water pump. The water tank 10 is fixed to the outer wall of the cutter frame. A water level sensor is installed inside the water tank 10, and the water level sensor is electrically connected to the intelligent control module 14. Water spraying brackets are provided on both sides corresponding to the rice feed inlet on the cutter frame. A water passage cavity is provided inside the water spraying bracket, and multiple water curtain nozzles 7 are provided on the water spraying bracket. The multiple water curtain nozzles 7 on the water spraying bracket are connected to the water curtain nozzles 7 through the water passage cavity. The water curtain nozzle 7 is connected to one end of a water pipe through a water passage cavity. The other end of the water pipe extends into the water tank 10 and is connected to a water pump installed in the water tank 10. The water pump is electrically connected to the intelligent control module 14. The water spray bracket is mainly installed at the top of both sides of the rice feed inlet, which can spray water mist from a height to wet the dust and debris generated during cutting, so that the dust and debris can settle quickly, avoid the spread of debris, and prevent the rice male parent plant from contaminating the rice female parent plant planting area. In addition, the water level sensor can transmit signals to the intelligent control module 14 in a timely manner.

[0033] In this embodiment, the vehicle body 12 is also equipped with multiple image acquisition modules 16 and monitoring sensors 15. The inner wall of the storage bin on the vehicle body 12 is also equipped with a debris full-bin sensor 13. The image acquisition modules 16, monitoring sensors 15 and debris full-bin sensor 13 are all electrically connected to the intelligent control module 14. The image acquisition modules 16 are used to acquire images around the harvester to ensure the normal operation of the harvester. The monitoring sensors 15 can monitor the debris concentration at the debris outlet, which facilitates the intelligent control module 14 to control the water spray mechanism and the blower mechanism 6.

[0034] Working principle: Specifically, during the harvesting process, the machine first uses the reel 1 to rotate and pushes the rice parent plants onto the header 3 using the reel teeth 2; then the cutter 4 cuts the roots of the rice parent plants pushed onto the header 3; subsequently, the layered wheel-type cutter 5 performs preliminary cutting of the rice parent plants by the outer flat blade group 501, and then performs secondary crushing by the inner saw tooth group 502; then the blower mechanism 6 sends the crushed rice parent plants away from the header 3 and moves them to the vehicle body 12 via the connecting bridge 9, thereby completing the harvesting and collection of the rice parent plants. At the same time, the material full-bin sensor 13 can monitor the total amount of material in the storage bin inside the vehicle body 12.

[0035] During the harvesting of the male parent rice, water is pumped out from the water curtain nozzle 7 to prevent dust and debris generated during the harvesting process from combining with droplets under the turbulence of airflow. The wet particles settle quickly due to their increased weight. At the same time, the physical barrier effect of the water curtain effectively inhibits the lateral spread of debris and prevents male parent debris from contaminating the female parent area. Meanwhile, the debris concentration is monitored by the monitoring sensor 15, and the water pressure of the water curtain nozzle 7 is automatically adjusted to adjust the coverage angle to ensure a balance between anti-fouling efficiency and water-saving performance.

[0036] In addition, by using the intelligent control module 14 in conjunction with the monitoring sensor 15, the image acquisition module 16, and the Beidou navigation unit in the intelligent control module, automatic navigation can be achieved and the rice can be moved to a designated location to work, thus realizing the automation of rice harvesting.

[0037] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A smart rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling, characterized in that, The device includes a cutting platform (3), a vehicle body (12), a tracked chassis (11), and a connecting bridge (9). The cutting platform (3) has a material discharge port on one side and a rice feed port on the side of the cutting platform (3) corresponding to the material discharge port. The vehicle body (12) has a material feed port on one side and a storage bin and a control chamber on the vehicle body (12). The discharge port of the cutting platform (3) is connected to one end of the connecting bridge (9), and the other end of the connecting bridge (9) is connected to the material feed port of the vehicle body (12). The control chamber in the vehicle body (12) is equipped with an intelligent control module (14). The bottom of the vehicle body (12) is connected to the tracked chassis (11). The intelligent control module (14) is electrically connected to the track drive motor on the tracked chassis (11). The cutting platform (3) is also connected to a blower mechanism (6) and a water spraying mechanism. The top of the cutting platform (3) is connected to a reel (1). The cutting platform (3) includes a cutting platform frame. Rice feed inlets and crushed material outlets are respectively provided on the corresponding two sides of the cutting platform frame. The end of the cutting platform frame with the crushed material outlet is connected to the connecting bridge (9). A cutter (4) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the side of the cutting platform frame with the rice feed inlet. A layered wheel-type cutting blade (5) is rotatably connected inside the cutting platform frame. A cutting blade drive motor (18) is also provided on the outer wall of the cutting platform frame. The output end of the cutting blade drive motor (18) passes through the cutting platform frame and the layered wheel. The cutting blade (5) is connected, and the top of the cutting frame is connected to the reel support frame. The reel support frame is rotatably connected to the reel (1). The reel (1) is provided with multiple reeling spring teeth (2). The reel support frame is provided with a reel drive motor (17). The output end of the reel drive motor (17) passes through the reel support frame and is connected to the reel (1). The cutting blade drive motor (18) and the reel drive motor (17) are both electrically connected to the intelligent control module (14). The layered wheel-type cutting blade (5) includes an outer flat blade assembly (501), an inner serrated blade assembly (502), a cutting blade drive shaft, and an intermediate fixing plate (503). The outer flat blade assembly (501) and the inner serrated blade assembly (502) are both sleeved on the cutting blade drive shaft. The inner serrated blade assembly (502) is located inside the outer flat blade assembly (501). The middle position of the outer flat blade assembly (501) is fixedly connected to the intermediate fixing plate (503) through the intermediate fixing plate (503). The inner serrated blade assembly (502) and the outer flat blade assembly (501) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cutting table (3) through the cutting blade drive shaft. The output end of the cutting blade drive motor (18) passes through the outer wall of the cutting table (3) and is connected to the cutting blade drive shaft.

2. The intelligent rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blower mechanism (6) includes a blower frame, nozzles (601), duct, and centrifugal fan (8). The centrifugal fan (8) is fixed on the outer wall of the cutter frame. Blower frames are provided on both sides corresponding to the rice feed inlet on the cutter frame. Multiple nozzles (601) are provided on the blower frame. A ventilation cavity is provided inside the blower frame. The blower frame is connected to the multiple nozzles (601) provided on the blower frame through the ventilation cavity. The air outlet of the centrifugal fan (8) is connected to one end of the duct. The end of the duct away from the centrifugal fan (8) is connected to the ventilation cavity. The centrifugal fan (8) is electrically connected to the intelligent control module (14).

3. The intelligent rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water spraying mechanism includes a water spraying bracket, water curtain nozzles (7), a water tank (10), a water pipe, and a water pump. The water tank (10) is fixed on the outer wall of the cutter frame. A water level sensor is installed inside the water tank (10). The water level sensor is electrically connected to the intelligent control module (14). Water spraying brackets are installed on both sides corresponding to the rice feed inlet on the cutter frame. A water passage cavity is installed inside the water spraying bracket. Multiple water curtain nozzles (7) are installed on the water spraying bracket. The water spraying bracket is connected to the multiple water curtain nozzles (7) installed on the water spraying bracket through the water passage cavity. The water curtain nozzles (7) are connected to one end of the water pipe through the water passage cavity. The other end of the water pipe extends into the water tank (10) and is connected to the water pump installed in the water tank (10). The water pump is electrically connected to the intelligent control module (14).

4. The intelligent rice harvester based on layered cutting and water curtain anti-fouling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle body (12) is also equipped with multiple image acquisition modules (16) and monitoring sensors (15). The inner wall of the storage bin on the vehicle body (12) is also equipped with a material full bin sensor (13). The image acquisition module (16), monitoring sensor (15) and material full bin sensor (13) are all electrically connected to the intelligent control module (14).

Images