Fracturing testing device, fracturing testing system and fracturing testing method

Abstract

The invention provides a fracturing testing device, a fracturing testing system and a fracturing testing method, and belongs to the field of petroleum logging. The fracturing testing device is used for monitoring the stratum condition of a fractured well and monitoring the condition of each section of stratum of the fractured well, the fracturing testing device comprises a shell and a sensor arranged in the shell, and the outer surface of the shell is coated with a soluble material layer; the soluble material layer can be slowly degraded under the action of the fracturing fluid or the formation production fluid, so that the density of the fracturing testing device is reduced, and the soluble material layer floats under the buoyancy action of the fracturing fluid or the formation production fluid; the fracturing testing device is used for being put into a fractured well and collecting stratum data of all testing layer sections of the fractured well. The outer surface of a shell of the fracturing testing device is coated with a soluble material layer, the density of the fracturing testing device is changed through the soluble material layer, and it is guaranteed that the fracturing testing device enters all testing layer sections of a fracturing well before fracturing. The stratum data of each test layer section is collected through the fracturing test device, accurate analysis of the whole shaft can be achieved, and the requirement for fracture well test analysis is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of oil well logging, and particularly to a fracturing test device, a fracturing test system and a fracturing test method. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic fracturing is currently the main means for the development of low-permeability reservoirs and the stimulation of conventional reservoirs. Correctly understanding the geometric shape, extension condition and post-fracture liquid production profile of the fracturing fractures plays an important guiding role in evaluating the fracturing effect, improving the accuracy of fracturing design, optimizing the development plan, and thus increasing the productivity of a single well.

[0003] At present, oilfield development technicians use testing means such as microseismic, tracers, liquid production profiles, well testing, etc. to comprehensively understand the fracture morphology and fracturing effect after fracturing. The microseismic method requires a large number of geophones to be arranged on the ground or downhole, with complex construction technology, long cycle and high cost. Existing ordinary testing instruments that can be lowered underground are relatively large in volume, have limited passing space, need to be lowered into the well with the pipe string, and then retrieved with the pipe string after the test is completed, requiring repeated operations and high costs. Moreover, under the conditions of traditional testing methods, only general analysis of the entire wellbore can be carried out, which cannot meet the needs of fracture well testing analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical defects, the present invention provides a fracturing test device, a fracturing test system and a method; the fracturing test device is small in volume and can move in the fracturing pipe string. The outer surface of the housing of the fracturing test device is coated with a soluble material layer, and the density of the fracturing test device is changed through the soluble material layer, which can ensure that it enters each test section of the fracturing well before fracturing, and after fracturing is completed, it returns to the fracturing wellhead with the flowback fluid, with simple operation and low cost; by collecting the formation data of each test section through the fracturing test device, accurate analysis of the entire wellbore can be realized, meeting the needs of fracture well testing analysis.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a fracturing test device for monitoring the formation conditions of a fracturing well. The fracturing test device includes a housing and sensors arranged in the housing, and the outer surface of the housing is coated with a soluble material layer;

[0006] The soluble material layer can be slowly degraded under the action of fracturing fluid or formation produced fluid, reducing the density of the fracturing test device, and floating under the buoyancy of the fracturing fluid or formation produced fluid;

[0007] The fracturing test device is used to be dropped into a fracturing well to collect formation data of each test section of the fracturing well.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fracturing test device further includes a controller, which is disposed inside the housing and electrically connected to the sensor for receiving the formation data collected by the sensor.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fracturing test device further includes a battery, which is disposed inside the housing and electrically connected to the sensor.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the fracturing test device is smaller than that of the liquid production delivery pipe.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple sensors, and each sensor collects a type of formation data.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides a fracturing test system, including: a fracturing test device and a trap, where the fracturing test device is the fracturing test device as described above;

[0013] The fracturing test device is put into a fracturing well for collecting formation data of each test interval in the fracturing well;

[0014] The trap is used to trap the fracturing test device that returns with the flowback fluid in the flowback fluid, and the flowback fluid includes fracturing fluid and formation produced fluid.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the trap includes a main pipeline and a bypass pipeline. The bypass pipeline is communicated with the main pipeline. The main pipeline is used for the flow of the flowback fluid, and a sorting device is arranged inside the main pipeline for separating the fracturing test device from the flowback fluid into the bypass pipeline.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the bypass channel includes:

[0017] A first bypass channel, which is arranged on the upper part of the main pipeline and is used for receiving light particulate matters with a density less than that of the flowback fluid;

[0018] A second bypass channel, which is arranged on the lower part of the main pipeline and is used for receiving heavy particulate matters with a density greater than that of the flowback fluid.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first valve and a first particle collection chamber are sequentially arranged on the first bypass channel, and the first particle collection chamber is used for collecting the light particulate matters;

[0020] A second valve and a second particle collection chamber are sequentially arranged on the second bypass channel, and the second particle collection chamber is used for collecting the heavy particulate matters.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, the bypass pipeline is a high specific resistance channel, and the high specific resistance channel is used for reducing the flow rate of the flowback fluid.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, the trap further includes a trap alarm, which is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the main pipeline, and the trap alarm is used to monitor the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fracturing test system further includes a soluble bridge plug, which is used to block each test interval of the fracturing well.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, mounting holes are provided at both ends of the soluble bridge plug, and the mounting holes are used to mount the fracturing test device, and the fracturing test device enters the fracturing well through the soluble bridge plug.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fracturing test system further includes an analysis module, which is used to receive the formation data of each test interval of the fracturing well during the fracturing process collected by the sensor, and analyze the fracturing effect of each test interval according to the received formation data of each test interval of the fracturing well during the fracturing process.

[0026] The third aspect of the present invention provides a fracturing test method, which is based on the above-mentioned fracturing test system and includes:

[0027] Before the fracturing process, obtain the test intervals of the fracturing well, send the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string, and collect the formation data of each test interval before the fracturing process through the fracturing test device;

[0028] During the fracturing process, collect the formation data of each test interval during the fracturing process through the fracturing test device;

[0029] After the fracturing process, collect the formation data of each test interval after the fracturing process through the fracturing test device. After the collection is completed, the fracturing test device returns to the fracturing wellhead along with the flowback fluid.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0031] Before the fracturing process, obtain the density of the fracturing fluid, and coat the outer surface of the housing of the fracturing test device with a soluble material layer according to the density of the fracturing fluid. After coating, the density of the fracturing test device is greater than the density of the fracturing fluid;

[0032] After the fracturing process, the soluble material dissolves in the flowback fluid, the density of the fracturing test device is less than the density of the flowback fluid, and the fracturing test device returns to the fracturing wellhead along with the flowback fluid.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of sending the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string includes:

[0034] The fracturing fluid containing the fracturing test device is successively delivered to the test intervals through the fracturing string;

[0035] When the fracturing fluid fills each test interval, a soluble bridge plug is delivered to the current test interval, and the soluble bridge plug is used to block the current test interval.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, delivering the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string includes:

[0037] Delivering the fracturing fluid to the test interval through the fracturing string;

[0038] When the fracturing fluid fills each test interval, a soluble bridge plug is delivered to the current test interval, and the fracturing test devices are installed at both ends of the soluble bridge plug.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0040] After the fracturing process, the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid is captured by the trap.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, capturing the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid by the trap includes:

[0042] The capture alarm of the trap monitors the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid in real time;

[0043] The sorting device in the trap separates the fracturing test device into the bypass pipeline, and the fracturing test device is collected by the bypass pipeline.

[0044] The fracturing test device proposed by the present invention is small in volume and can move in the fracturing string. The outer surface of the housing of the fracturing test device is coated with a soluble material. By changing the density of the fracturing test device through the soluble material, it can be ensured that it enters each test interval of the fracturing well before fracturing. After fracturing is completed, it returns to the fracturing wellhead with the flowback fluid. The operation is simple and the cost is low; by collecting the formation data of each test interval through the fracturing test device, accurate analysis of the entire wellbore can be realized, meeting the requirements of fracture well testing analysis.

[0045] Other features and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fracturing test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fracturing test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the trap provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soluble bridge plug provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of the fracturing test method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the tubing string of the fracturing test method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals

[0054] 1 - housing, 2 - sensor, 3 - controller, 4 - battery, 5 - mounting hole, 6 - soluble bridge plug, 7 - second valve, 8 - sorter, 9 - main pipeline inlet, 10 - trap alarm, 11 - bypass pipeline, 12 - first valve, 13 - first particle collection chamber, 14 - light particle sorter, 15 - main pipeline outlet, 16 - heavy particle sorter, 17 - second particle collection chamber, 18 - soluble bridge plug FB, 19 - soluble bridge plug FA, 20 - fracturing test device group A, 21 - fracturing test device group B, 22 - fracturing test device group C, 23 - formation YA section, 24 - formation YB section, 25 - formation YC section. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further details the exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0057] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows mutual communication; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor found that hydraulic fracturing is the main means for the development of low-permeability reservoirs and the stimulation of conventional reservoirs at present. A correct understanding of the geometric shape, extension condition, and post-fracture liquid production profile of the fracture plays an important guiding role in evaluating the fracturing effect, improving the accuracy of fracturing design, optimizing the development plan, and thus increasing the productivity of a single well.

[0060] At present, oilfield development technicians use testing means such as microseismic, tracer, liquid production profile, and well testing to comprehensively understand the fracture morphology and fracturing effect after fracturing. The microseismic method requires a large number of geophones to be arranged on the ground or downhole, with complex construction technology, long cycle, and high cost. The existing ordinary testing instruments that can be lowered underground are relatively large in size, have limited space to pass through, need to be lowered into the well along with the pipe string, and then retrieved along with the pipe string after the test, requiring repeated operations and high costs. Moreover, under the conditions of traditional testing methods, only general analysis of the entire wellbore can be carried out, which cannot meet the requirements of fracture well testing analysis.

[0061] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing test device. The fracturing test device enters each test section of the fracturing well through a fracturing casing. The fracturing test device includes a housing and a sensor disposed inside the housing. The sensor is used to collect formation data of each test section of the fracturing well. The outer surface of the housing is coated with a soluble material so that the density of the fracturing test device is greater than the density of the fracturing fluid. The soluble material can dissolve in the flowback fluid. After the soluble material dissolves, the density of the fracturing test device is less than the density of the flowback fluid. The diameter of the fracturing test device is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing string. The fracturing test device provided by the present invention is small in volume and can move in the fracturing string. The outer surface of the housing of the fracturing test device is coated with a soluble material, and the density of the fracturing test device is changed by the soluble material, which can ensure that it enters each test section of the fracturing well before fracturing and returns to the fracturing wellhead with the flowback fluid after fracturing. The operation is simple and the cost is low. By collecting the formation data of each test section through the fracturing test device, the monitoring of each different fracturing section of the horizontal well can be realized, and the formation parameter conditions of each section can be analyzed and grasped.

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fracturing test device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fracturing test device for monitoring the formation conditions of a fracturing well. The fracturing test device enters each test section of the fracturing well through a fracturing casing.

[0063] The fracturing test device includes a housing 1 and a sensor 2 disposed inside the housing 1. The sensor 2 is used to collect formation data of each test section of the fracturing well.

[0064] The outer surface of the housing 1 is coated with a soluble material layer. The soluble material layer can be slowly degraded under the action of the fracturing fluid or formation fluid, so that the density of the fracturing test device becomes smaller and it floats under the buoyancy of the fracturing fluid or formation fluid, so that the density of the fracturing test device is greater than the density of the fracturing fluid. The soluble material layer can dissolve in the flowback fluid. After the soluble material dissolves, the density of the fracturing test device is less than the density of the flowback fluid.

[0065] The diameter of the fracturing test device is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing string. Further, the diameter of the fracturing test device is more than 3 times smaller than the diameter of the fracturing string, which does not affect the flow of well fluid and is not easily blocked in the wellbore. The fracturing test device is made of resin material, and its strength is less than that of the coiled tubing, so it does not cause well jamming.

[0066] In this embodiment, the fracturing test device further includes a controller 3. The controller 3 is disposed inside the housing 1 and is electrically connected to the sensor 2 for receiving the formation data collected by the sensor 2. Specifically, the controller 3 is further configured to store the formation data collected by the sensor 2.

[0067] In this embodiment, the fracturing test device further includes a battery 4. The battery 4 is disposed inside the housing 1 and is electrically connected to the sensor 2. The battery 4 is used to provide power for the sensor 2 and the controller 3. In order to further reduce the volume of the fracturing test device, the battery 4 is a flexible battery 4.

[0068] Furthermore, the density of the instrument test circuit part inside the fracturing test device is lower than the density of the flowback fluid (the density of the flowback fluid is close to 1); the density of the electronic components of the test circuit, such as the battery, chip, etc. is > 1. By combining with the circuit part through a high-pressure-resistant and low-density encapsulating material, the density of the test instrument is reduced to < 1; the density is < 1 but close to 1, between 0.97 and 1; if the density is too small, the movement of the test device in the horizontal section may be restricted. The reason is that the smaller the density, the greater the remaining vertical upward force after the buoyancy overcomes the gravity, and it is easy to top against the upper wall of the casing or the gap at the casing collar and other positions and lose the ability to move freely in the horizontal section.

[0069] In order not to change the original fracturing well testing process, after the fracturing test is completed, the flowback fluid will be transported to the storage device through the liquid production delivery pipe. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diameter of the fracturing test device is smaller than the diameter of the liquid production delivery pipe.

[0070] In this embodiment, there are multiple sensors 2, and each sensor 2 collects a type of formation data.

[0071] In order to ensure that the volume of the fracturing test device can pass through the fracturing string, in other embodiments of the present invention, there is only one sensor 2 in each fracturing test device for testing a type of formation data.

[0072] Furthermore, the formation data includes formation pressure, formation temperature, and formation flow rate.

[0073] The present invention sets the fracturing test device in a way of high-density input and low-density discharge. A soluble material is coated outside the fracturing test device to make its density slightly greater than that of the fracturing fluid. Under the action of the fracturing fluid and the formation fluid, the soluble material slowly degrades and finally completely dissolves, making the density of the fracturing test device smaller, and it floats to the wellhead and is recovered under the action of buoyancy.

[0074] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fracturing test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2As shown in the figure, the fracturing test system provided in this embodiment includes a trap and the fracturing test device described above. The fracturing test device is put into a fracturing well for collecting formation data of each test interval in the fracturing well.

[0075] The trap is used to trap the fracturing test device returned with the flowback fluid in the flowback fluid, and the flowback fluid includes fracturing fluid and formation fluid.

[0076] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the trap provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the trap includes a main pipeline and a bypass pipeline 11. The bypass pipeline 11 is communicated with the main pipeline. The main pipeline is used for flowing the flowback fluid. A sorting device 8 is arranged inside the main pipeline, and the sorting device 8 is used to separate the fracturing test device from the flowback fluid into the bypass pipeline 11.

[0077] Specifically, the bypass pipeline 11 includes:

[0078] A first bypass channel is arranged at the upper part of the main pipeline and is used for receiving light particulate matters with a density less than that of the flowback fluid;

[0079] A second bypass channel is arranged at the lower part of the main pipeline and is used for receiving heavy particulate matters with a density greater than that of the flowback fluid.

[0080] Further, a first valve 12 and a first particle collection chamber 13 are sequentially arranged on the first bypass channel, and the first particle collection chamber 13 is used for collecting the light particulate matters;

[0081] A second valve 7 and a second particle collection chamber 17 are sequentially arranged on the second bypass channel, and the second particle collection chamber 17 is used for collecting the heavy particulate matters.

[0082] Specifically, one side of the first particle collection chamber 13 away from the first valve 12 is provided with a light particle sorting device 14. The light particle sorting device is used to retain the light particles in the first particle collection chamber 13, and the remaining flowback fluid flows into the main pipeline. One side of the second particle collection chamber 17 away from the second valve 7 is provided with a heavy particle sorting device 16. The heavy particle sorting device is used to retain the heavy particles in the second particle collection chamber 17, and the remaining flowback fluid flows into the main pipeline. The trap is also used to purify the flowback fluid.

[0083] In this embodiment, the bypass pipeline 11 is a high specific resistance channel, and the high specific resistance channel is used to reduce the flow rate of the flowback fluid.

[0084] In this embodiment, the trap further includes a trap alarm 10. The trap alarm 10 is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the main pipeline, and the trap alarm 10 is used to monitor the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid.

[0085] Specifically, the flowback fluid containing the fracturing test device enters the trap through the main pipeline inlet 9 and flows out through the main pipeline outlet 15 and enters other processes. After the larger particles carried by the flowback fluid enter the main pipeline, they first pass through the trapping alarm 10. When the trapping alarm 10 detects the fracturing test device, it will give an alarm indication. The larger particles in the flowback fluid are separated by the sorter 8 in the main pipeline and enter the high specific resistance channel. The high specific resistance channel causes the fluid flow rate to decrease, which is conducive to the sedimentation or floating of particles. Among them, the heavy particles enter the second particle collection chamber 17, and the light particles enter the first particle collection chamber 13. The heavy particle sorter 16 in the second particle collection chamber 17 intercepts the heavy particles in the second particle collection chamber 17, and the flowback fluid flows out and enters the main pipeline and flows out from the main pipeline outlet 15. The light particle sorter 14 in the first particle collection chamber 13 intercepts the light particles in the first particle collection chamber 13, and the flowback fluid flows out and enters the main pipeline and flows out from the main pipeline outlet 15. The fracturing test device belongs to light particles, and the first valve 12 can be closed to recover the instrument. For heavy particles, the second valve 7 can be closed to recover and process them.

[0086] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soluble bridge plug 6 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the fracturing test system further includes a soluble bridge plug 6, and the soluble bridge plug 6 is used to block each test section of the fracturing well.

[0087] In other embodiments of the present invention, mounting holes 5 are provided at both ends of the soluble bridge plug 6, and the mounting holes 5 are used to mount the fracturing test device. The fracturing test device is coated with a layer of soluble material on the outside and embedded and fixed at both ends of the soluble bridge plug 6, as Figure 4 shown at the position of the end of the soluble bridge plug 6. Before fracturing, the fracturing test device is lowered into the fracturing layer position together with the soluble bridge plug 6. At this time, the fracturing test device can collect formation data of different layers at both ends of the bridge plug. The soluble material of the fracturing test device and the soluble bridge plug 6 are slowly degraded under the action of the fracturing fluid and the formation fluid, and finally completely dissolved. The fracturing test device is released from the restraint and floats to the wellhead under the action of buoyancy and is recovered.

[0088] The fracturing test device returns with the produced fluid. The fracturing test device itself is small in volume and slightly less dense than the fracturing fluid, and is coated with a layer of soluble metal material on the outside to make its density slightly greater than the fracturing fluid; the soluble metal material can also be connected and fixed to the end of the soluble bridge plug 6 (such as threaded connection). When the fracturing is completed and enters the flowback stage, with the continuous erosion of the fracturing fluid and the formation produced fluid, the soluble metal material dissolves into the flowback fluid. After the soluble metal material coated on the outside of the fracturing test device disappears, the density becomes smaller, and its volume is small enough to pass through the space of the fracturing or production string and is discharged to the wellhead with the flowback fluid.

[0089] In this embodiment, the fracturing test system further includes an analysis module, which is configured to receive the formation data of each test interval of the fracturing well during the fracturing process collected by the sensor 2, and analyze the fracturing effect of each test interval according to the received formation data of each test interval of the fracturing well during the fracturing process.

[0090] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the fracturing test method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 5 shown, the fracturing test method provided by this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0091] Before the fracturing process, obtain the test intervals of the fracturing well, send the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string, and collect the formation data of each test interval before the fracturing process through the fracturing test device;

[0092] During the fracturing process, collect the formation data of each test interval during the fracturing process through the fracturing test device;

[0093] After the fracturing process, collect the formation data of each test interval after the fracturing process through the fracturing test device. After the collection is completed, the fracturing test device returns to the fracturing wellhead along with the flowback fluid;

[0094] Among them, before the fracturing process, the density of the fracturing test device is greater than the density of the fracturing fluid; after the fracturing process, the density of the fracturing test device is less than the density of the flowback fluid.

[0095] In this embodiment, the method further includes:

[0096] Before the fracturing process, obtain the density of the fracturing fluid, coat the outer surface of the housing 1 of the fracturing test device with a soluble material according to the density of the fracturing fluid, and the density of the fracturing test device after coating is greater than the density of the fracturing fluid;

[0097] After the fracturing process, the soluble material dissolves in the flowback fluid, the density of the fracturing test device is less than the density of the flowback fluid, and the fracturing test device returns to the fracturing wellhead along with the flowback fluid.

[0098] Specifically, in this embodiment, the step of sending the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string includes:

[0099] Sequentially send the fracturing fluid containing the fracturing test device to the test intervals through the fracturing string;

[0100] When each test interval is filled with the fracturing fluid, send the soluble bridge plug 6 to the current test interval, and the soluble bridge plug 6 is used to block the current test interval.

[0101] In other embodiments of the present invention, the step of sending the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string includes:

[0102] Deliver fracturing fluid to the test interval through a fracturing string;

[0103] When the fracturing fluid fills each test interval, deliver the soluble bridge plug 6 to the current test interval, and fracturing test devices are installed at both ends of the soluble bridge plug 6.

[0104] In this embodiment, the method further includes:

[0105] After the fracturing process, capture the fracturing test devices in the flowback fluid through a trap.

[0106] In the embodiment of the present invention, capturing the fracturing test devices in the flowback fluid through a trap includes:

[0107] The capture alarm 10 of the trap monitors the fracturing test devices in the flowback fluid in real time;

[0108] The sorter 8 in the trap separates the fracturing test devices into the bypass pipeline 11, and the fracturing test devices are collected by the bypass pipeline 11.

[0109] Specifically, this embodiment provides a specific fracturing well test process, as follows:

[0110] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the fracturing test method string provided by the embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 6 shown, a certain horizontal fracturing well is designed to be fractured in three stages, namely formation YA section 23, formation YB section 24, and formation YC section 25.

[0111] According to the density of the fracturing fluid used in the design requirements, the outer coating of the fracturing test device is made of soluble metal material so that its density reaches 1.2 times the density of the flowback fluid. The fracturing test devices are divided into three groups, with each group having [number] and numbered respectively, and the corresponding instrument numbers are marked with groups. The groups are fracturing test device group A 20, fracturing test device group B 21, and fracturing test device group C 22. Program and start the fracturing test devices.

[0112] During the operation, pump the fracturing test device group A 20 to the formation YA section 23, lower the fracturing string to fracture the formation YA section 23. The fracturing test device group A 20 enters the formation YA section 23 along with the fracturing fluid. Lower the soluble bridge plug FA19 to isolate the formation YA section 23.

[0113] During the operation, pump the fracturing test device group B 21 to the formation YB section 24, lower the fracturing string to fracture the formation YB section 24. The fracturing test device group B 21 enters the formation YB section 24 along with the fracturing fluid. Lower the soluble bridge plug FA19 to isolate the formation YB section 24.

[0114] The operation pumps the 22 pumps of the fracturing test device group C to the 25th position of the YC section of the formation, and lowers the fracturing string to fracture the YC section 25 of the formation. The 22 pumps of the fracturing test device group C enter the YC section 25 of the formation along with the fracturing fluid.

[0115] After the fracturing is completed, shut-in is carried out according to the design requirements, and then flowback is carried out. As the fracturing fluid and formation produced fluid in the YC section 25 of the formation flow out, the soluble metal coated on the outside of the 22 pumps of the fracturing test device group C gradually dissolves. The density of the 22 pumps of the fracturing test device group C becomes smaller, and it begins to float upward, flowing to the wellhead with the flowback fluid and entering the instrument catcher. When the instrument passes through the capture alarm 10, the alarm device is triggered to notify the operator that the fracturing test device has been captured. As time goes by, the soluble bridge plug FB18 and the soluble bridge plug FA19 also dissolve successively, and the fracturing fluid and formation produced fluid in the YB section 24 and the YA section 23 of the formation flow out, accelerating the dissolution of the soluble metal coating layer of the 21 pumps of the fracturing test device group B and the 20 pumps of the fracturing test device group A and making the density smaller. The fracturing test device with a smaller density flows with the flowback fluid, floats upward through the pores of the dissolved soluble bridge plug 6, reaches the wellhead, and enters the catcher.

[0116] After the instrument is recovered, communication is carried out, the data in the instrument is played back, the data is grouped according to the instrument number and the recorded group, data preprocessing is done well, and the fracturing effect is analyzed and evaluated with fracturing well test software.

[0117] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0118] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0119] The optional embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept scope of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple variations can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple variations all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that in the above specific embodiments, the various specific technical features described can be combined in any suitable manner as long as the combination does not violate the idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and it should equally be regarded as the content disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fracturing test device, which is applied to the monitoring of the formation conditions of a fractured well, and is characterized in that, The fracturing test device includes a housing and sensors disposed within the housing, and a soluble material layer is coated on the outer surface of the housing; The soluble material layer can be slowly degraded under the action of fracturing fluid or formation fluid, so that the density of the fracturing test device becomes smaller, and it floats under the buoyancy of the fracturing fluid or formation fluid; The fracturing test device is used to be dropped into a fracturing well to collect formation data of each test section of the fracturing well.

2. The fracturing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fracturing test device further includes a controller, the controller is disposed within the housing, and the controller is electrically connected to the sensors for receiving the formation data collected by the sensors.

3. The fracturing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fracturing test device further includes a battery, the battery is disposed within the housing, and the battery is electrically connected to the sensors.

4. The fracturing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the fracturing test device is smaller than the diameter of the production fluid delivery pipe.

5. The fracturing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple sensors, and each sensor collects a type of formation data.

6. A fracturing test system, characterized in that, Including: A fracturing test device and a trap, the fracturing test device being the fracturing test device according to claim 1; The fracturing test device is dropped into a fracturing well for collecting formation data of each test section of the fracturing well; The trap is used to trap the fracturing test device returned with the flowback fluid in the flowback fluid, and the flowback fluid includes fracturing fluid and formation fluid.

7. The fracturing test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trap includes a main pipeline and a bypass pipeline, the bypass pipeline is communicated with the main pipeline, the main pipeline is used for flowing the flowback fluid, and a sorting device is disposed inside the main pipeline, and the sorting device is used to separate the fracturing test device from the flowback fluid into the bypass pipeline.

8. The fracturing test system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bypass channel includes: A first bypass channel, disposed on the upper part of the main pipeline, for receiving light particulate matters with a density less than that of the flowback fluid; A second bypass channel, disposed on the lower part of the main pipeline, for receiving heavy particulate matters with a density greater than that of the flowback fluid.

9. The fracturing test system according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first valve and a first particle collection chamber are sequentially provided on the first bypass channel, and the first particle collection chamber is used for collecting the light particulate matters; A second valve and a second particle collection chamber are sequentially provided on the second bypass channel, and the second particle collection chamber is used for collecting the heavy particulate matters.

10. The fracturing test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bypass pipeline is a high specific resistance channel, and the high specific resistance channel is used to reduce the flow rate of the flowback fluid.

11. The fracturing test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trap further includes a trapping alarm, the trapping alarm is disposed at the liquid inlet end of the main pipeline, and the trapping alarm is used to monitor the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid.

12. The fracturing test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fracturing test system further includes a soluble bridge plug, and the soluble bridge plug is used to block each test section of the fracturing well.

13. The fracturing test system according to claim 12, characterized in that, Installation holes are provided at both ends of the soluble bridge plug, and the installation holes are used to install the fracturing test device, and the fracturing test device enters the fracturing well through the soluble bridge plug.

14. The fracturing test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fracturing test system further includes an analysis module, and the analysis module is used to receive the formation data of each test section of the fracturing well during the fracturing process collected by the sensors, and analyze the fracturing effect of each test section according to the received formation data of each test section of the fracturing well during the fracturing process.

15. A fracturing test method, based on the fracturing test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method includes: Before the fracturing process, obtain the test intervals of the fracturing well, and send the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string. Collect the formation data of each test interval before the fracturing process through the fracturing test device; During the fracturing process, collect the formation data of each test interval during the fracturing process through the fracturing test device; After the fracturing process, collect the formation data of each test interval after the fracturing process through the fracturing test device. After the collection is completed, the fracturing test device returns to the fracturing wellhead with the flowback fluid.

16. The fracturing test method according to claim 15, wherein The method further includes: Before the fracturing process, obtain the density of the fracturing fluid, and coat the outer surface of the housing of the fracturing test device with a soluble material layer according to the density of the fracturing fluid. The density of the coated fracturing test device is greater than the density of the fracturing fluid; After the fracturing process, the soluble material dissolves in the flowback fluid, and the density of the fracturing test device is less than the density of the flowback fluid. The fracturing test device returns to the fracturing wellhead with the flowback fluid.

17. The fracturing test method according to claim 15, wherein The step of sending the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string includes: Sequentially transport the fracturing fluid containing the fracturing test device to the test interval through the fracturing string; When the fracturing fluid fills each test interval, transport a soluble bridge plug to the current test interval, and the soluble bridge plug is used to block the current test interval.

18. The fracturing test method according to claim 15, wherein The step of sending the fracturing test device into each test interval through the fracturing string includes: Transport the fracturing fluid to the test interval through the fracturing string; When the fracturing fluid fills each test interval, transport a soluble bridge plug to the current test interval, and the fracturing test devices are installed at both ends of the soluble bridge plug.

19. The fracturing test method according to claim 15, wherein The method further includes: After the fracturing process, capture the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid through a trap.

20. The fracturing test method according to claim 19, wherein The step of capturing the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid through the trap includes: The capture alarm in the trap monitors the fracturing test device in the flowback fluid in real time; The sorter in the trap separates the fracturing test device into the bypass pipeline, and the fracturing test device is collected by the bypass pipeline.

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