High-viscosity low-pour-point wind driven generator gear oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses high-viscosity low-pour-point wind driven generator gear oil and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, a composition of metallocene poly-alpha-olefin and dibasic acid ester is used as base oil, and an anti-wear reagent at extreme pressure, a purification dispersant, an antioxidant, a corrosion inhibitor and an anti-foaming agent are supplemented to prepare the high-viscosity low-pour-point wind driven generator gear oil. The prepared gear oil has excellent viscosity-temperature properties, low-temperature fluidity, oxidation stability, detergency and dispersibility, corrosion resistance, load resistance, foam resistance and the like, can meet the use requirements of wind driven generators, and can also be used as lubricating oil to be applied to other mechanical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oils, and particularly relates to a high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbine gear oil is a lubricating oil specifically used for the gearbox of wind turbines. Its main function is to reduce the wear of gears and other moving parts and extend the service life of gears. With the progress of technology, higher performance requirements have been put forward for lubricating oils. High-grade lubricating oils need to have excellent viscosity-temperature properties, low-temperature fluidity, oxidation stability, detergency, corrosion resistance, load-carrying capacity, and anti-foaming properties, etc.

[0003] The viscosity index is an important indicator to measure the change characteristics of the viscosity of lubricating oil with temperature. The higher the viscosity index, the smaller the influence of the viscosity of the lubricating oil on temperature change, that is, the better the viscosity-temperature performance of the lubricating oil. The pour point refers to the lowest temperature at which the lubricating oil being cooled can flow under the specified test conditions, which reflects the ability of the lubricating oil to maintain fluidity in a low-temperature environment. The lower the pour point, the better the low-temperature fluidity of the lubricating oil. In a low-temperature environment, the fluidity of the lubricating oil becomes poor, which may lead to difficult starting or unsmooth operation of the machine. Therefore, it is crucial to select a lubricating oil with a lower pour point for machines used in cold regions or operating under low-temperature conditions.

[0004] At present, although the commercially available wind turbine gear oils meet the basic performance requirements, if you want to broaden their application scope and improve their performance, the formulation of the gear oils still needs to be improved. The present invention uses metallocene polyalphaolefin and dibasic acid ester as base oils, and through strict screening and testing of additives, a high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil is obtained. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil and a preparation method thereof. Using metallocene polyalphaolefin and dibasic acid ester as base oils and supplemented with additives, the prepared gear oil has excellent viscosity-temperature properties, low-temperature fluidity, oxidation stability, detergency, corrosion resistance, load-carrying capacity, and anti-foaming properties, etc.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide a high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil, which comprises the following components in weight percentage:

[0008] Extreme pressure and anti-wear agent 0.05 - 5%, detergency 0.05 - 5%, antioxidant 0.05 - 5%, corrosion inhibitor 0.01 - 1%, anti-foaming agent 0.005 - 0.5%, and the balance is base oil;

[0009] The base oil is composed of a composite of metallocene polyalphaolefin and dibasic acid ester with a mass ratio of (85-90):(10-15).

[0010] Furthermore, the high-viscosity low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil comprises the following components in weight percentages:

[0011] Extreme pressure and anti-wear agent 1-5%, detergent-dispersant 1-5%, antioxidant 0.5-2%, corrosion inhibitor 0.05-0.5%, anti-foaming agent 0.05-0.5%, and the balance is base oil;

[0012] The base oil is composed of a composite of metallocene polyalphaolefin and dibasic acid ester with a mass ratio of (85-90):(10-15).

[0013] Furthermore, the dibasic acid ester includes but is not limited to one or more of diisooctyl sebacate and diisooctyl adipate, and other dibasic acid esters known in the art that can be used as lubricating oil base oils can also be used.

[0014] Metallocene polyalphaolefin, abbreviated as mPAO, is a polyalphaolefin synthetic base oil obtained by catalytic polymerization of alpha-olefin with a metallocene catalyst system, and is a new generation of lubricating oil synthetic base oil. Compared with conventional PAO, mPAO has a comb-like structure, no upright side chains, and has better viscosity-temperature property, low-temperature fluidity, shear stability, oxidation stability, etc.

[0015] The dibasic acid ester has excellent viscosity-temperature property, low-temperature fluidity, high-temperature stability, etc. In the present invention, a specific ratio of metallocene polyalphaolefin composite dibasic acid ester is used as the base oil to control the preparation cost of the gear oil while preparing a high-performance gear oil.

[0016] Furthermore, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent includes but is not limited to one or more of organic chlorides, organic sulfides, organic phosphides, organic metal salts, borates, and borate esters. When the gear operates under high load, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent can form a protective film on the gear surface to prevent the gear surface from being worn due to friction, extend the service life of the gear, and also reduce the noise and vibration during gear operation.

[0017] Furthermore, the detergent-dispersant includes but is not limited to one or more of petroleum sulfonates, alkylphenol salts, salicylates, succinimides, and naphthenates. The main functions of the detergent-dispersant include neutralization, solubilization, dispersion, and washing. The purpose is to make the insoluble substances generated during the use of the gear oil in a colloidal suspension state and not further form carbon deposits, paint films or sludge.

[0018] Further, the antioxidant includes, but is not limited to, one or several of phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, organic sulfides, peroxide decomposers, and metal deactivators. During the use of gear oil, it will inevitably come into contact with air and oxidize, resulting in the deterioration of gear oil and shortening its service life. The role of the antioxidant is to slow down the oxidation process of gear oil and extend its service life.

[0019] Further, the corrosion inhibitor includes, but is not limited to, one or several of zinc-based inhibitors, phosphorus-based inhibitors, sulfur-based inhibitors, and calcium-based inhibitors. The corrosion inhibitor can form a protective film on the gear surface to prevent the gear from being corroded and oxidized, improve the stability of gear oil, and extend the service life of gear oil and gears.

[0020] Further, the antifoaming agent includes, but is not limited to, one or several of dimethyl silicone oil and acrylate antifoaming agents. The presence of foam will affect the lubrication performance of lubricating oil and reduce the lubrication effect. The role of the defoaming agent is to reduce the amount of foam in the lubricating oil and improve the lubrication effect.

[0021] Further, the diester is 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate. Compared with the commonly used diisooctyl sebacate and diisooctyl adipate in the art, the present invention can significantly improve the performance of gear oil by using the composition of metallocene polyalphaolefin and 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate as the base oil, and 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate does not belong to the diesters known in the art that can be used as base oils.

[0022] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the high-viscosity low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil, comprising the following steps:

[0023] (1) Mix the metallocene polyalphaolefin and the diester evenly to obtain the base oil;

[0024] (2) Mix the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor, and antifoaming agent evenly to obtain the gear oil.

[0025] Further, in step (1), the temperature of the mixing is 50-80°C, and the mixing process is carried out under vacuum conditions. The mixing method can be mechanical stirring mixing, pump circulation mixing, pulse pneumatic stirring mixing, pipeline mixing, etc.

[0026] Further, in step (2), the temperature of the mixing is 50-80°C, and the mixing process is carried out under vacuum conditions. The mixing method can be mechanical stirring mixing, pump circulation mixing, pulse pneumatic stirring mixing, pipeline mixing, etc.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The composition of metallocene poly-α-olefin and dibasic acid ester is used as the base oil in the present invention, and is supplemented with extreme pressure anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent. The prepared gear oil has excellent viscosity-temperature property, low-temperature fluidity, oxidation stability, detergent-dispersibility, corrosion resistance, load-bearing capacity and anti-foaming property, etc. It can not only meet the use requirements of wind turbines, but also be used as lubricating oil in other mechanical equipment. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] The metallocene poly-α-olefin in the following examples is ExxonMobil SpectraSyn Elite65.

[0030] The mixing method in the following examples is mechanical stirring, the rotation speed is 2000 rpm, and the time is 15 min.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Preparation of gear oil:

[0033] (1) Under vacuum conditions, the metallocene poly-α-olefin and diisooctyl sebacate are mixed evenly, and the mixing temperature is 60 °C to obtain the base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of the metallocene poly-α-olefin to the dibasic acid ester is 85:15.

[0034] (2) Under vacuum conditions, the base oil, extreme pressure anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent are mixed evenly, and the mixing temperature is 80 °C to obtain the gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is 4%, the detergent-dispersant is 5%, the antioxidant is 1%, the corrosion inhibitor is 0.5%, the anti-foaming agent is 0.05%, and the balance is the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is chlorinated paraffin 42, the detergent-dispersant is succinimide, the antioxidant is 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, the corrosion inhibitor is zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and the anti-foaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Preparation of gear oil:

[0037] (1) Under vacuum conditions, the metallocene poly-α-olefin and diisooctyl adipate are mixed evenly, and the mixing temperature is 50 °C to obtain the base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of the metallocene poly-α-olefin to the dibasic acid ester is 88:12.

[0038] (2) Mix the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent evenly under vacuum conditions at a mixing temperature of 70 °C to obtain gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is 1.5%, the detergent-dispersant is 4%, the antioxidant is 0.5%, the corrosion inhibitor is 0.35%, the anti-foaming agent is 0.04%, and the balance is the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is sulfurized isobutene, the detergent-dispersant is medium-base petroleum sulfonate calcium T102, the antioxidant is N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, the corrosion inhibitor is dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid calcium, and the anti-foaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] Preparation of gear oil:

[0041] (1) Mix metallocene polyalphaolefin and diisooctyl sebacate evenly under vacuum conditions at a mixing temperature of 70 °C to obtain base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of metallocene polyalphaolefin to dibasic acid ester is 90:10.

[0042] (2) Mix the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent evenly under vacuum conditions at a mixing temperature of 70 °C to obtain gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is 2%, the detergent-dispersant is 3%, the antioxidant is 1%, the corrosion inhibitor is 0.25%, the anti-foaming agent is 0.05%, and the balance is the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is triphenyl phosphate, the detergent-dispersant is overbased sulfurized alkylphenol calcium T122 115B, the antioxidant is dilauryl thiodipropionate, the corrosion inhibitor is aluminum tripolyphosphate, and the anti-foaming agent is acrylate anti-foaming agent PC1644.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] Preparation of gear oil:

[0045] (1) Mix metallocene polyalphaolefin and diisooctyl adipate evenly under vacuum conditions at a mixing temperature of 60 °C to obtain base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of metallocene polyalphaolefin to dibasic acid ester is 90:10.

[0046] (2) Mix the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent evenly under vacuum conditions at a mixing temperature of 60 °C to obtain gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is 2.5%, the detergent-dispersant is 4%, the antioxidant is 1.5%, the corrosion inhibitor is 0.5%, the anti-foaming agent is 0.2%, and the balance is the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, the detergent-dispersant is alkyl salicylate calcium T109, the antioxidant is Irgafos PS802, the corrosion inhibitor is zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and the anti-foaming agent is acrylate anti-foaming agent VXW4973.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] Preparation of gear oil:

[0049] (1) Under vacuum conditions, metallocene polyalpha-olefin and diisooctyl sebacate were mixed evenly at a mixing temperature of 80 °C to obtain a base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of metallocene polyalpha-olefin to dibasic acid ester was 90:10.

[0050] (2) Under vacuum conditions, the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent were mixed evenly at a mixing temperature of 80 °C to obtain gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent was 3%, the detergent-dispersant was 5%, the antioxidant was 1%, the corrosion inhibitor was 0.5%, the anti-foaming agent was 0.1%, and the balance was the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent was sodium metaborate, the detergent-dispersant was high-base calcium naphthenate T113, the antioxidant was 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, the corrosion inhibitor was calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and the anti-foaming agent was dimethyl silicone oil.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] Example 6 was to replace diisooctyl adipate in Example 4 with 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate.

[0053] Preparation of gear oil:

[0054] (1) Under vacuum conditions, metallocene polyalpha-olefin and 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate were mixed evenly at a mixing temperature of 60 °C to obtain a base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of metallocene polyalpha-olefin to 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate was 90:10.

[0055] (2) Under vacuum conditions, the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent were mixed evenly at a mixing temperature of 60 °C to obtain gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent was 2.5%, the detergent-dispersant was 4%, the antioxidant was 1.5%, the corrosion inhibitor was 0.5%, the anti-foaming agent was 0.05%, and the balance was the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent was zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, the detergent-dispersant was calcium alkylsalicylate T109, the antioxidant was Irgafos PS802, the corrosion inhibitor was zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and the anti-foaming agent was acrylate-type anti-foaming agent VXW4973.

[0056] Example 7

[0057] Example 7 was to replace the detergent-dispersant in Example 4 with diglycylglycine.

[0058] Preparation of Gear Oil:

[0059] (1) Under vacuum conditions, metallocene poly-α-olefin and diisooctyl adipate are mixed evenly at a mixing temperature of 60 °C to obtain a base oil. Among them, the mass ratio of metallocene poly-α-olefin to dibasic acid ester is 90:10.

[0060] (2) Under vacuum conditions, the base oil, extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, detergent-dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor, and anti-foaming agent are mixed evenly at a mixing temperature of 60 °C to obtain gear oil. By weight percentage, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is 2.5%, the detergent-dispersant is 4%, the antioxidant is 1.5%, the corrosion inhibitor is 0.5%, the anti-foaming agent is 0.2%, and the balance is the base oil. Among them, the extreme pressure and anti-wear agent is zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, the detergent-dispersant is diglycylglycine, the antioxidant is Irgafos PS802, the corrosion inhibitor is zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and the anti-foaming agent is acrylate type anti-foaming agent VXW4973.

[0061] The gear oils prepared in the above Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Viscosity Index Pour Point (°C) Example 1 125 -36 Example 2 129 -38 Example 3 131 -39 Example 4 136 -39 Example 5 133 -40 Example 6 141 -41 Example 7 143 -42

[0064] As can be seen from Table 1, in Example 6, by replacing diisooctyl adipate in Example 4 with 1,6-bis(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) adipate, the viscosity-temperature property and low-temperature fluidity of the gear oil can be improved. In Example 7, by replacing the detergent-dispersant T109 calcium alkylsalicylate in Example 4 with diglycylglycine, the viscosity-temperature property and low-temperature fluidity of the gear oil can be further improved.

[0065] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil, characterized in that: The composition includes the following weight percentages: Extreme pressure anti-wear agent 0.05-5%, detergent dispersant 0.05-5%, antioxidant 0.05-5%, corrosion inhibitor 0.01-1%, anti-foaming agent 0.005-0.5%, and the balance is base oil; The base oil is compounded from metallocene polyalphaolefin and dibasic acid ester in a mass ratio of (85-90):(10-15).

2. The high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dibasic acid ester is selected from one or more of diisooctyl sebacate and diisooctyl adipate.

3. The high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extreme pressure anti-wear agent is selected from one or more of organic chlorides, organic sulfides, organic phosphides, organic metal salts, borates, and boric acid esters.

4. The high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detergent dispersant is selected from one or more of petroleum sulfonates, alkylphenol salts, salicylates, succinimides, and cyclopentaneates.

5. The high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is selected from one or more of phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, organic sulfides, peroxide decomposers, and metal deactivators.

6. The high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion inhibitor is selected from one or more of zinc-based inhibitors, phosphorus-based inhibitors, sulfur-based inhibitors, and calcium-based inhibitors.

7. The high viscosity and low pour point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifoaming agent is selected from one or more of dimethyl silicone oil and acrylate antifoaming agents.

8. The method for preparing the high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) uniformly mixing the metallocene poly-α-olefin and the dibasic ester to obtain a base oil; (2) The base oil, extreme pressure anti-wear agent, detergent dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor and anti-foaming agent are uniformly mixed to obtain gear oil.

9. The method for preparing high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mixing temperature in step (1) is 50-80° C., and the mixing process is carried out under vacuum conditions.

10. The method for preparing high-viscosity and low-pour-point wind turbine gear oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mixing temperature in step (2) is 50-80° C., and the mixing process is carried out under vacuum conditions.