Thighbone mold testing tool

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of surgical auxiliary instruments, and discloses a thighbone mold testing tool which comprises a handle rod, a fixing block and a pressing rod, the first end of the pressing rod penetrates through the fixing block and is connected with the first end of the handle rod, the pressing rod is in sliding fit with the fixing block, and a first gear ring surrounding the pressing rod is arranged on the end face of the first end of the handle rod; the fixing block is provided with a second gear ring right opposite to the first gear ring. The second end of the pressing rod is fixedly connected with a pressing cap, the pressing cap is arranged on the side, away from the handle rod, of the fixing block, the pressing rod is sleeved with a spring located between the pressing cap and the fixing block, and the spring abuts against the fixing block and the pressing cap so as to press the second gear ring to be meshed with the first gear ring. The first gear ring is separated from the second gear ring; according to the scheme, the femur test mold tool can smoothly rotate in the circumferential direction when the femur stem test mold and the osteotomy test mold are mutually adjusted, and can also be relatively locked in the circumferential direction in real time after the femur stem test mold and the osteotomy test mold are adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of surgical auxiliary equipment, and particularly to a femoral trial mold appliance. Background Art

[0002] Knee joint revision surgery is a surgery that removes the artificial knee joint already implanted in the body and then implants a new revised knee joint prosthesis, so as to replace the knee joint prosthesis and prevent the patient from being unable to flex and extend normally due to prosthesis damage.

[0003] The knee joint prosthesis includes a femoral prosthesis component installed at the lower end of the femur and a tibial prosthesis component installed at the upper end of the tibia. After the medical staff removes the original knee joint prosthesis, the osteotomy surface that was previously cut will be exposed on the lower end surface of the femur. The femoral prosthesis component includes a femoral stem prosthesis inserted into the medullary cavity of the femur and an osteotomy prosthesis fixed on the osteotomy surface at the lower end of the femur. Before the new femoral prosthesis component is formally implanted into the femur, a trial mold operation needs to be carried out to make the femoral stem prosthesis and the osteotomy prosthesis cooperate with each other in relative orientation and relative rotation angle to match the femur to be implanted. The trial mold operation often uses a femoral stem trial mold instead of the femoral stem prosthesis and an osteotomy trial mold instead of the osteotomy prosthesis, and the relative adjustment of the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold is carried out through a trial mold appliance. Through multiple implant simulations, the best matching method with the femur is found. When the relative adjustment of the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold is completed, finally, the femoral stem prosthesis and the osteotomy prosthesis will also be implanted in the same relative orientation and relative rotation angle.

[0004] In the existing trial mold appliances, the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold are respectively fixed at both ends of the trial mold appliance. The two ends of the trial mold appliance can rotate circumferentially relative to each other to meet the relative rotation adjustment of the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold. The rotation resistance between the two ends of the trial mold appliance is provided by surface friction, so that the two ends can be relatively stationary after the adjustment is completed. However, after long-term repeated use, after one end of the trial mold appliance completes the rotation adjustment relative to the other end, the two ends will still rotate relative to each other under the interference of external forces and cannot be locked relative to each other in real time in the circumferential direction, affecting the adjustment accuracy and stability of the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a femoral trial mold appliance that can realize smooth circumferential rotation when the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold are adjusted relative to each other, and can also be circumferentially relatively locked in real time after the adjustment of the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold is completed.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A femoral trial mold tool, including a shank for connecting with a femoral stem trial mold, a fixing block for connecting with an osteotomy trial mold, and a pressing rod. The first end of the pressing rod penetrates through the fixing block and is connected to the first end of the shank. The pressing rod is slidably matched with the fixing block. The end face of the first end of the shank is provided with a first toothed ring arranged around the pressing rod, and the fixing block is provided with a second toothed ring facing the first toothed ring; A pressing cap is fixedly connected to the second end of the pressing rod. The pressing cap is arranged on the side of the fixing block away from the shank. A spring is sleeved on the pressing rod between the pressing cap and the fixing block. The spring abuts against the fixing block and the pressing cap respectively to press the second toothed ring to mesh with the first toothed ring along the axial direction of the pressing rod. When the pressing cap presses the spring to deform to a set distance, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are separated along the axial direction of the pressing rod, so that the fixing block can rotate relative to the shank.

[0007] In the above femoral trial mold tool, the first end of the pressing rod and the shank slide relative to each other along the axial direction of the pressing rod to form a first sliding position and a second sliding position; When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the first sliding position and continues to slide away from the fixing block, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are separated from each other; When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the first sliding position and continues to slide closer to the fixing block, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring mesh with each other.

[0008] In the above femoral trial mold tool, a concave cavity is formed on the side of the fixing block away from the shank. The pressing rod and the spring are arranged in the concave cavity. The pressing rod penetrates through the bottom of the concave cavity and is slidably matched with the concave cavity. One end of the spring away from the pressing cap abuts against the bottom of the concave cavity. The second toothed ring is arranged on the outer end face of the bottom of the concave cavity;

[0009] A connecting hole is formed at the bottom of the concave cavity; A docking portion is provided at the first end of the shank and extends into the concave cavity through the connecting hole. The docking portion is rotationally matched with the inner side surface of the connecting hole along its circumferential direction and slidably matched with the inner side surface of the connecting hole along its axial direction; The first end of the pressing rod is inserted into the docking portion and is slidably matched with the docking portion. A locking member is arranged on the side surface of the docking portion and can telescopically move radially between the inner and outer sides of the docking portion. The locking member is matched with the pressing rod; When the pressing cap and the pressing rod are moved to a preset distance through the reset action of the spring, the second toothed ring is clamped between the first toothed ring and the locking member.

[0010] In the above femoral trial mold appliance, through holes are formed on the side surface of the docking portion, the locking member is disposed in the through holes and slides axially relative to the through holes, and the length of the locking member is greater than the depth of the through holes; the pressing rod is provided with a first acting portion and a second acting portion, and the shaft diameter of the first acting portion is smaller than that of the second acting portion;

[0011] When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the first sliding position, the locking member is directly opposite to the first acting portion;

[0012] When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the second sliding position, a part of the locking member is exposed to the outside of the docking portion through the second acting portion and abuts against the inner end surface of the bottom of the concave cavity.

[0013] In the above femoral trial mold appliance, the locking member is a ball, and the outer diameter of the ball is greater than the depth of the through hole; the first acting portion is the end of the first end of the pressing rod; the second acting portion is an avoidance groove formed on the pressing rod, the avoidance groove is arranged around the axis of the pressing rod and is disposed between the two ends of the pressing rod.

[0014] In the above femoral trial mold appliance, the pressing rod is provided with a transition portion between the first acting portion and the second acting portion, the shaft diameter of the transition portion gradually decreases from one end to the opposite end, and the shaft diameter of the thick end of the transition portion is equal to that of the first acting portion, and the shaft diameter of the thin end of the transition portion is equal to that of the second acting portion.

[0015] In the above femoral trial mold appliance, the pressing cap is disposed in the concave cavity, and the pressing cap is in sliding fit with the inner side surface of the concave cavity.

[0016] In the above femoral trial mold appliance, a strip-shaped hole extending along the axial direction of the pressing rod is formed at the first end of the pressing rod, a jack is formed on the docking portion, and a limiting member extending into the strip-shaped hole is fixedly connected in the jack, and the limiting member is in sliding fit with the strip-shaped hole;

[0017] When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the first sliding position, the limiting member abuts against one end of the strip-shaped hole close to the fixed block;

[0018] When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the second sliding position, the limiting member abuts against the end of the strip-shaped hole far from the fixed block.

[0019] In the above-mentioned femoral trial mold tool, the handle rod includes a rod body and a connecting block, the connecting block is arranged on one end of the rod body adjacent to the fixed block and rotatably cooperates with the rod body, the connecting block is provided with an eccentric portion located on one side of the axis of the rod body, the first end of the pressure rod is connected to the eccentric portion, and the first gear ring is arranged on one side end face of the eccentric portion adjacent to the fixed block.

[0020] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The pressure rod in the present scheme can slide relatively on the fixed block along its axial direction, and one end of the pressure rod is connected to the handle rod located on one side of the fixed block, specifically connected to the end face of the first end of the handle rod, the end face of the first end of the handle rod is provided with a first toothed ring, and the fixed block is provided with a second toothed ring, and the second toothed ring is provided on the side of the fixed block adjacent to the first end of the handle rod, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are opposite to each other and mesh with each other in the axial direction of the pressure rod, at this time, the fixed block is relatively locked with the handle rod in its circumferential direction; when the fixed block is held and the pressing cap and the pressure rod are pressed, the pressure rod slides toward the handle rod, driving the handle rod gradually away from the fixed block, so that the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are separated from each other, after the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are separated, the fixed block can be driven to rotate circumferentially with the handle rod by toggling the fixed block, and the pressing cap on the other end of the pressure rod moves with the pressure rod The pressing cap moves synchronously with the sliding movement, and the pressing cap is located on the side of the fixing block away from the handle rod. At this time, the pressing cap gradually approaches the fixing block toward the handle rod, and at the same time squeezes the spring between the pressing cap and the fixing block. The spring is compressed and deformed. When the force on the pressing cap and the pressure rod is removed, the spring recovers the deformation through its own elasticity and pushes the pressing cap gradually away from the fixing block. The pressing cap drives the handle rod gradually close to the fixing block through the pressure rod until the first gear ring and the second gear ring are re-engaged. At this time, the fixing block is relatively locked with the handle rod again in its circumferential direction, and the femoral stem trial mold is fixed on the second end of the handle rod, and the osteotomy trial mold is fixed on the fixing block, so that the femoral trial mold tool can not only smoothly rotate circumferentially when the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold are adjusted to each other, but also can be relatively locked circumferentially in real time after the adjustment of the femoral stem trial mold and the osteotomy trial mold is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a femoral trial mold and a femur according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a femur according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral trial mold according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a femoral trial mold according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of A of the present invention; Figure 4

[0027] Figure 6 is an exploded schematic view of the pressure rod, the fixing block and the connecting block of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a front view of the fixing block of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is a rear view of the fixing block of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1, femur; 2, femoral stem; 3, femoral trial tool; 4, osteotomy trial mold; 5, pressure rod; 6, locking member; 7, spring;

[0031] 11, osteotomy surface; 12, medullary cavity; 31, shank;

[0032] 32, connecting block; 321, limiting member; 322, eccentric part; 323, jack; 324, docking part; 325, first tooth ring;

[0033] 33, fixing block; 331, first marking part; 332, concave cavity; 333, second tooth ring;

[0034] 51, pressing cap; 511, second marking part; 52, first acting part; 53, transition part; 54, second acting part; 55, strip hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation manners, but it does not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] As Figure 1-8 ​As shown in the figure, a femoral trial mold tool 3 includes a shank 31 for trial connection with the femoral stem 2 mold, a fixing block 33 for connection with the osteotomy trial mold 4, and a pressing rod 5. The first end of the pressing rod 5 penetrates through the fixing block 33 and is connected to the first end of the shank 31. The pressing rod 5 is slidably engaged with the fixing block 33. The end face of the first end of the shank 31 is provided with a first toothed ring 325 arranged around the pressing rod 5, and the fixing block 33 is provided with a second toothed ring 333 facing the first toothed ring 325. A pressing cap 51 is fixedly connected to the second end of the pressing rod 5. The pressing cap 51 is arranged on the side of the fixing block 33 away from the shank 31. A spring 7 is sleeved on the pressing rod 5 between the pressing cap 51 and the fixing block 33. The spring 7 abuts against the fixing block 33 and the pressing cap 51 respectively to press the second toothed ring 333 to engage with the first toothed ring 325 along the axial direction of the pressing rod 5. When the pressing cap 51 presses the spring 7 to deform to a set distance, the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 are separated along the axial direction of the pressing rod 5, so that the fixing block 33 can rotate relative to the shank 31.

[0038] The implementation effect is that the osteotomy trial mold 4 is fixed on the fixing block 33, and the femoral stem 2 mold is fixed on the second end of the shank 31. Driven by the pressing rod 5, the shank 31 can approach or move away from the fixing block 33 in the axial direction of the pressing rod 5. When the shank 31 approaches the fixing block 33, the second toothed ring 333 on the fixing block 33 meshes with the first toothed ring 325 on the shank 31. When the shank 31 moves away from the fixing block 33, the second toothed ring 333 on the fixing block 33 is separated from the first toothed ring 325 on the shank 31, so that the femoral trial mold tool 3 can not only rotate smoothly in the circumferential direction when the femoral stem 2 mold and the osteotomy trial mold 4 are adjusted relative to each other, but also be locked relative to each other in the circumferential direction in real time after the adjustment of the femoral stem 2 mold and the osteotomy trial mold 4 is completed.

[0039] Specifically, the first end and the second end of the shank 31 are respectively the opposite ends of the shank 31, and the first end and the second end of the pressing rod 5 are respectively the opposite ends of the pressing rod 5.

[0040] Combined Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, for further improvement, a plurality of first marking parts 331 arranged around the pressing rod 5 are provided on the side of the fixing block 33 away from the shank 31, and a second marking part 511 matching any one of the first marking parts 331 is provided on the pressing cap 51.

[0041] In the implementation application, after the first toothed ring 325 is separated from the second toothed ring 333, when the fixing block 33 is rotated, the second marking portion 511 on the fixing block 33 on the pressing cap 51 can be matched with any one of the first marking portions 331 on the fixing block 33 to adjust the fixing block 33 and the handle rod 31 to be at a required specific relative rotation angle.

[0042] Among them, the first marking portion 331 is a scale line, and the second marking portion 511 is a pointer line. This embodiment does not limit this too much.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second marking portion 511 can be arranged on the fixing block 33. Correspondingly, there are several first marking portions 331, and they are arranged on the pressing cap 51. The several first marking portions 331 are arranged around the pressing rod 5 in a surrounding manner.

[0044] Combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in another improvement, the first end of the pressing rod 5 and the handle rod 31 axially slide relative to each other along the pressing rod 5 to form a first sliding position and a second sliding position; when the first end of the pressing rod 5 slides to the first sliding position and continues to slide away from the fixing block 33, the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 are separated from each other; when the first end of the pressing rod 5 slides to the first sliding position and slides close to the fixing block 33, the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 are engaged with each other.

[0045] In the specific application, in order to avoid the separation of the fixing block 33 and the handle rod 31 when the pressing cap 51 and the pressing rod 5 are accidentally pressed, by setting the relative sliding of the pressing rod 5 and the handle rod 31, an unlocking stroke is formed between the pressing rod 5 and the handle rod 31. When the first end of the pressing rod 5 slides to the first sliding position, the pressing rod 5 completes the unlocking stroke relative to the handle rod 31. When the pressing rod 5 continues to move towards the handle rod 31 on the fixing block 33, it will push the handle rod 31 away from the fixing block 33, and the two are separated from each other; conversely, when the first end of the pressing rod 5 is at the first sliding position, the pressing force on the pressing rod 5 and the pressing cap 51 is removed, the spring 7 restores its deformation, and pushes the pressing cap 51 to move in the direction away from the handle rod 31. The pressing cap 51 drives the first end of the pressing rod 5 to first move to the second sliding position, and then drives the handle rod 31 to approach the fixing block 33, so that the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 are engaged with each other.

[0046] Such as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, a cavity 332 is provided on the side of the fixing block 33 away from the handle rod 31, the pressure rod 5 and the spring 7 are arranged in the cavity 332, the pressure rod 5 passes through the bottom of the cavity 332 and slides with the cavity 332, one end of the spring 7 away from the pressing cap 51 abuts against the bottom of the cavity 332, and the second tooth ring 333 is arranged on the outer end surface of the bottom of the cavity 332. Specifically, the bottom of the cavity 332 is the end of the cavity 332 away from its opening.

[0047] Preferably, the pressing cap 51 is disposed in the concave cavity 332 , and the pressing cap 51 is slidably matched with the inner side surface of the concave cavity 332 .

[0048] In addition to being arranged on the side of the fixed block 33 away from the handle rod 31, the pressing cap 51 can also be arranged in the concave cavity 332 of the fixed block 33. After the spring 7 and the pressing cap 51 are both arranged inside the concave cavity 332, the concave cavity 332 not only plays a radial limiting role for the spring 7, but also plays a radial limiting role for the pressing cap 51. When the pressure rod 5 slides, the concave cavity 332 guides the pressing cap 51 to move axially along the pressure rod 5 through its inner circumference, thereby reducing radial shaking and improving stability and accuracy.

[0049] Among them, when the pressing cap 51 is arranged in the concave cavity 332 of the fixed block 33, the relative reference position of the pressing cap 51 and the fixed block 33 changes. When the pressing cap 51 is close to the bottom of the concave cavity 332, the second toothed ring 333 is separated from the first toothed ring 325 along the axial direction of the pressure rod 5; when the pressing part is away from the bottom of the concave cavity 332 through the spring 7, the second toothed ring 333 is meshed with the first toothed ring 325 along the axial direction of the pressure rod 5.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the medullary cavity 12 of the femur 1 is provided for inserting the femoral stem 2 trial mold, and the osteotomy surface 11 of the femur 1 is compared and matched with the osteotomy trial mold 4.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, a further improvement of the present embodiment is that a connecting hole is provided at the bottom of the concave cavity 332; a docking portion 324 is provided on the first end of the handle rod 31, which passes through the connecting hole and extends into the concave cavity 332, and the docking portion 324 is rotationally matched with the inner side surface of the connecting hole along its circumferential direction, and is slidingly matched with the inner side surface of the connecting hole along its axial direction; the first end of the pressure rod 5 is inserted into the docking portion 324, and is slidingly matched with the docking portion 324, and a locking member 6 is provided on the side surface of the docking portion 324, which can be telescopically moved between the inner and outer sides of the docking portion 324 along its radial direction, and the locking member 6 is matched with the pressure rod 5; when the pressing cap 51 and the pressure rod 5 are moved to a preset distance by the restoring action of the spring 7, the second toothed ring 333 is clamped between the first toothed ring 325 and the locking member 6.

[0052] In this embodiment, through holes are formed in the side surface of the docking portion 324, the locking member 6 is disposed in the through holes and can slide relatively along the axial direction of the through holes, and the length of the locking member 6 is greater than the depth of the through holes; the pressing rod 5 is provided with a first acting portion 52 and a second acting portion 54, and the shaft diameter of the first acting portion 52 is smaller than that of the second acting portion 54;

[0053] When the first end of the pressing rod 5 slides to the first sliding position, the locking member 6 faces the first acting portion 52, and at this time, the locking member 6 can be pressed against the first acting portion 52 by the inner side surface of the connecting hole;

[0054] When the first end of the pressing rod 5 slides to the second sliding position, a part of the locking member 6 is exposed to the outside of the docking portion 324 through the second acting portion 54 and abuts against the inner end surface of the bottom of the concave cavity 332.

[0055] In practical applications, the docking portion 324 of the handle rod 31 is provided with a locking member 6. The locking member 6 is movably connected to the docking portion 324. The locking member 6 can telescopically move on the docking portion 324 along the radial direction of the docking portion 324. When the first end of the pressing rod 5 is in the second sliding position relative to the handle rod 31, the locking member 6 on the docking portion 324 is inside the concave cavity 332. The second acting position 54 of the pressing rod 5 presses the locking member 6. A part of the locking member 6 is exposed to the outside of the concave cavity 332 and abuts against the inner end surface of the bottom of the concave cavity 332. The locking member 6 blocks the fixing block 33 from moving away from the handle rod 31 by abutting against the inner end surface of the bottom of the concave cavity 332, having a one-way locking effect. At the same time, the locking member 6 is not squeezed by the inner side surface of the connecting hole at this moment, and the damping of the sliding friction between the locking member 6 and the pressing rod 5 is relatively small at this time.

[0056] Wherein, in a state where the pressing cap 51 drives the pressing rod 5 to move towards the handle rod 31, the first end of the pressing rod 5 moves from the second sliding position to the first sliding position relative to the handle rod 31. During this movement, the bottom of the concave cavity 332 slides relative to the outer surface of the pressing rod 5, and the side of the locking member 6 adjacent to the pressing rod 5 slides relative to the outer surface of the pressing rod 5 and generates a relative displacement with the pressing rod 5 until the locking member 6 separates from the second acting portion 54 of the pressing rod 5. After separation, the locking member 6 faces the first acting portion 52 of the pressing rod 5. At this time, the locking member 6 is in a free state. If the pressing cap 51 continues to drive the pressing rod 5 to move towards the handle rod 31 or the fixing block 33 is pulled towards the side away from the handle rod 31, the force condition of the locking member 6 changes. It changes from being pushed by the inner end surface of the bottom of the concave cavity 332 to being squeezed by the inner side surface of the connecting hole. The squeezed locking member 6 abuts against the second acting portion 54 of the pressing rod 5. At the moment when the force on the locking member 6 changes, the mutual acting force between the concave cavity 332 and the docking portion 324 instantaneously increases under the action of the locking member 6, increasing the moving resistance of the docking portion 324. The user can obtain the feel of separating the handle rod 31 through the resistance of the sliding of the docking portion 324.

[0057] In some embodiments, with the fixing block 33 as a fixed reference, the handle rod 31 is pulled. The handle rod 31 drives the pressing rod 5 to move synchronously. The locking member 6 generates a relative displacement with the pressing rod 5, and the force on the locking member 6 changes accordingly. It changes from abutting against the second acting portion 52 to being squeezed by the inner side surface of the connecting hole on the first acting portion 54 of the pressing rod 5. At this time, if the handle rod 31 is continuously pulled, the handle rod 31 can be separated from the fixing block 33. Due to the change in the force on the locking member 6, in this separation method, the locking member 6 also provides a damping feel during separation.

[0058] In this embodiment, the locking member 6 is a ball, and the outer diameter of the ball is greater than the depth of the through hole; the first acting portion 52 is the end of the first end of the pressing rod 5; the second acting portion 54 is an avoidance groove formed on the pressing rod 5. The avoidance groove is arranged around the axis of the pressing rod 5 and is provided between the two ends of the pressing rod 5.

[0059] Preferably, a transition portion 53 is provided on the pressing rod 5 between the first acting portion 52 and the second acting portion 54. The shaft diameter of the transition portion 53 gradually decreases from one end to the opposite end. The shaft diameter of the thick end of the transition portion 53 is equal to the shaft diameter of the first acting portion 52, and the shaft diameter of the thin end of the transition portion 53 is equal to the shaft diameter of the second acting portion 54.

[0060] Combined Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, a strip-shaped hole 55 extending along the axial direction of the pressure rod 5 is formed at the first end of the pressure rod 5. A jack 323 is formed on the docking portion 324. A limiting member 321 extending into the strip-shaped hole 55 is fixedly connected in the jack 323. The limiting member 321 is slidably engaged with the strip-shaped hole 55.

[0061] When the first end of the pressure rod 5 slides to the first sliding position, the limiting member 321 abuts against one end of the strip-shaped hole 55 close to the fixed block 33.

[0062] When the first end of the pressure rod 5 slides to the second sliding position, the limiting member 321 abuts against one end of the strip-shaped hole 55 away from the fixed block 33.

[0063] Combined with Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in a further improvement of this embodiment, the handle rod 31 includes a rod body and a connecting block 32. The connecting block 32 is arranged at one end of the rod body close to the fixed block 33 and is rotationally engaged with the rod body. An eccentric portion 322 is provided on the connecting block 32 on one side of the axis of the rod body. The first end of the pressure rod 5 is connected to the eccentric portion 322. The first tooth ring 325 is arranged on the end face of the eccentric portion 322 close to the fixed block 33.

[0064] Specifically, an eccentric portion 322 is provided on the connecting block 32, and the fixed block 33 is installed on the eccentric portion 322. The connection point between the fixed block 33 and the eccentric portion 322 is not on the axis of the rod body. The connecting block 32 is rotationally engaged with the rod body. When the connecting block 32 rotates, the fixed block 33 drives the osteotomy test mold 4 to rotate around the axis of the rod body, jointly forming an eccentric wheel movement with the rod body, so that the femoral stem 2 test mold fixed on the handle rod 31 and the osteotomy test mold 4 fixed on the fixed block 33 can adjust the relative orientation. At the same time, through the mutual cooperation of the first tooth ring 325 on the connecting block 32 and the second tooth ring 333 on the fixed block 33, finally, the femoral stem 2 test mold and the osteotomy test mold 4 can adjust the relative rotation angle and relative orientation, providing more matching methods for the femoral stem 2 test mold and the osteotomy test mold 4.

[0065] The working principle of this solution is as follows: The pressure rod 5 can slide relative to the fixed block 33 along its axial direction. One end of the pressure rod 5 is connected to the handle rod 31 located on one side of the fixed block 33, specifically connected to the end face of the first end of the handle rod 31. A first toothed ring 325 is provided on the end face of the first end of the handle rod 31, and a second toothed ring 333 is provided on the fixed block 33. The second toothed ring 333 is provided on one side of the fixed block 33 adjacent to the first end of the handle rod 31. The first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 face each other and are meshed with each other in the axial direction of the pressure rod 5. At this time, the fixed block 33 is relatively locked with the handle rod 31 in its circumferential direction; when holding the fixed block 33 by hand and pressing the pressing cap 51 and the pressure rod 5, the pressure rod 5 slides towards the handle rod 31, driving the handle rod 31 to gradually move away from the fixed block 33, causing the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 to separate from each other. After the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 are separated, turning the fixed block 33 can drive the fixed block 33 and the handle rod 31 to rotate circumferentially. The pressing cap 51 on the opposite end of the pressure rod 5 moves synchronously with the sliding of the pressure rod 5. The pressing cap 51 is located on the side of the fixed block 33 away from the handle rod 31. At this time, the pressing cap 51 gradually approaches the fixed block 33 towards the handle rod 31, and simultaneously compresses the spring 7 located between the pressing cap 51 and the fixed block 33. The spring 7 is compressed and deformed. When the force applied to the pressing cap 51 and the pressure rod 5 is removed, the spring 7 restores its deformation through its own elasticity and pushes the pressing cap 51 to gradually move away from the fixed block 33. The pressing cap 51 drives the handle rod 31 to gradually approach the fixed block 33 through the pressure rod 5 until the first toothed ring 325 and the second toothed ring 333 are re-meshed. At this time, the fixed block 33 is relatively locked with the handle rod 31 again in its circumferential direction. The femoral stem 2 test mold is fixed on the second end of the handle rod 31, and the osteotomy test mold 4 is fixed on the fixed block 33, realizing that the femoral test mold tool 3 can rotate circumferentially smoothly when the femoral stem 2 test mold and the osteotomy test mold 4 are adjusted relative to each other, and can also be circumferentially relatively locked in real time after the adjustment of the femoral stem 2 test mold and the osteotomy test mold 4 is completed.

[0066] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement methods and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Femoral trial appliance, characterized in that, It includes a shank for connecting with a femoral stem trial mold, a fixing block for connecting with an osteotomy trial mold, and a pressing rod. The first end of the pressing rod penetrates through the fixing block and is connected to the first end of the shank. The pressing rod is slidably matched with the fixing block. The end face of the first end of the shank is provided with a first toothed ring arranged around the pressing rod, and the fixing block is provided with a second toothed ring opposite to the first toothed ring. A pressing cap is fixedly connected to the second end of the pressing rod. The pressing cap is arranged on the side of the fixing block away from the shank. A spring is sleeved on the pressing rod between the pressing cap and the fixing block. The spring abuts against the fixing block and the pressing cap respectively to press the second toothed ring to engage with the first toothed ring along the axial direction of the pressing rod. When the pressing cap presses the spring to deform to a set distance, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are separated along the axial direction of the pressing rod, so that the fixing block can rotate relative to the shank.

2. The femoral trial mold appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of first marking parts arranged around the pressing rod are provided on the side of the fixing block away from the shank, and a second marking part matched with any one of the first marking parts is provided on the pressing cap.

3. The femoral trial mold appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the pressing rod and the shank slide relative to each other along the axial direction of the pressing rod to form a first sliding position and a second sliding position. When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the first sliding position and continues to slide away from the fixing block, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are separated from each other. When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the second sliding position and continues to slide closer to the fixing block, the first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are engaged with each other.

4. The femoral trial mold appliance according to claim 3, wherein A concave cavity is formed on the side of the fixing block away from the shank. The pressing rod and the spring are arranged in the concave cavity. The pressing rod penetrates through the bottom of the concave cavity and is slidably matched with the concave cavity. One end of the spring away from the pressing cap abuts against the bottom of the concave cavity, and the second toothed ring is arranged on the outer end face of the bottom of the concave cavity. A connecting hole is formed in the bottom of the concave cavity. A docking part extending into the concave cavity through the connecting hole is provided on the first end of the shank. The docking part is rotationally matched with the inner side surface of the connecting hole along its circumferential direction and slidably matched with the inner side surface of the connecting hole along its axial direction. The first end of the pressing rod is inserted into the docking part and is slidably matched with the docking part. A locking part capable of telescopically moving radially between the inner and outer sides of the docking part is provided on the side surface of the docking part. The locking part is matched with the pressing rod. When the pressing cap and the pressing rod are moved to a preset distance through the reset action of the spring, the second toothed ring is clamped between the first toothed ring and the locking part.

5. The femoral trial prosthesis appliance according to claim 4, characterized in that, A through hole is formed on the side surface of the docking part. The locking part is arranged in the through hole and slides relative to each other along the axial direction of the through hole. The length of the locking part is greater than the depth of the through hole. The pressing rod is provided with a first acting part and a second acting part. The shaft diameter of the first acting part is smaller than the shaft diameter of the second acting part. When the first end of the pressing rod slides to the first sliding position, the locking part is opposite to the first acting part. When the first end of the pressure rod slides to the second sliding position, a part of the locking member is exposed to the outside of the docking portion through the second acting portion and abuts against the inner end surface of the bottom of the concave cavity.

6. The femoral trial mold appliance according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking member is a ball, and the outer diameter of the ball is greater than the depth of the through hole; the first acting portion is the end of the first end of the pressure rod; the second acting portion is an avoidance groove formed in the pressure rod, the avoidance groove is arranged around the axis of the pressure rod and is arranged between the two ends of the pressure rod.

7. The femoral trial appliance according to claim 5, wherein A transition portion is provided on the pressure rod between the first acting portion and the second acting portion. The shaft diameter of the transition portion gradually decreases from one end to the opposite end. The shaft diameter of the thick end of the transition portion is equal to the shaft diameter of the first acting portion, and the shaft diameter of the thin end of the transition portion is equal to the shaft diameter of the second acting portion.

8. The femoral trial mold appliance according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, The pressing cap is arranged in the concave cavity, and the pressing cap is in sliding fit with the inner side surface of the concave cavity.

9. The femoral trial mold appliance according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, A strip-shaped hole extending along the axial direction of the pressure rod is formed at the first end of the pressure rod, a jack is formed on the docking portion, and a limiting member extending into the strip-shaped hole is fixedly connected in the jack, and the limiting member is in sliding fit with the strip-shaped hole; When the first end of the pressure rod slides to the first sliding position, the limiting member abuts against the end of the strip-shaped hole close to the fixed block; When the first end of the pressure rod slides to the second sliding position, the limiting member abuts against the end of the strip-shaped hole far from the fixed block.

10. The femoral trial mold appliance according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The handle rod includes a rod body and a connecting block. The connecting block is arranged at the end of the rod body close to the fixed block and is rotationally matched with the rod body. An eccentric portion is arranged on the connecting block on one side of the axis of the rod body. The first end of the pressure rod is connected to the eccentric portion, and the first toothed ring is arranged on the end surface of the eccentric portion close to the fixed block.

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