Beam tracking for reflector-based communications

Abstract

A method for wireless communication at a wireless communication device includes receiving, at a reflector device of a set of reflector devices associated with the wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. The method further comprises, based on receiving the first beam, sending, via the reflector device, a first message comprising a first beam tracking report to the network node, the first beam tracking report comprising one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking motion of the wireless communication device. The method further includes receiving a second beam from the network node based on the one or more first parameters based on transmitting the first message.

Description

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Israeli Patent Application No. 298386, filed on November 20, 2022, and entitled "beam tracking for reflector - based communication", the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical field

[0003] The present disclosure generally relates to wireless communication and, more particularly, to beam tracking for reflector - based communication. Background art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. A typical wireless communication system may employ a multiple - access technology capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple - access technologies include code - division multiple - access (CDMA) systems, time - division multiple - access (TDMA) systems, frequency - division multiple - access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency - division multiple - access (OFDMA) systems, single - carrier frequency - division multiple - access (SC - FDMA) systems, time - division synchronous code - division multiple - access (TD - SCDMA) systems, and Long - Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE - Advanced is an enhanced set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Narrow - band (NB) Internet of Things (IoT) and enhanced machine - type communication (eMTC) are enhanced sets of LTE for machine - type communication.

[0005] A wireless communication network may include multiple base stations (BSs) that can support communication of multiple user equipments (UEs). A user equipment (UE) may communicate with a base station (BS) via a downlink and an uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), gNB, access point (AP), radio head, transmit - and - receive point (TRP), New Radio (NR) BS, 5G Node B, or 6G Node B.

[0006] The above multiple access techniques have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipments to communicate at the urban, national, regional, and even global levels. New Radio (NR), which may also be referred to as 5G, is an enhanced set of the LTE mobile standard released by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, reducing costs, enhancing services, leveraging new spectrums, using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing with Cyclic Prefix (CP-OFDM) on the Downlink (DL), and using CP-OFDM or SC-FDM (e.g., also referred to as Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the Uplink (UL), better integrating with other open standards, and supporting beamforming, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.

[0007] Wireless communication devices such as UEs or Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) may be equipped with or integrated with a set of reflector devices such as Modulated Retroreflectors (MRRs) or intelligent repeaters. In some examples, the set of reflector devices may be particularly useful for short-range communication associated with high throughput and low latency. In some examples, a reflector device in the set of reflector devices may receive one or more signals (e.g., short-range signals) from a network node and reflect the one or more received signals to the network node to establish a communication link. In some such examples, after establishing the communication link, the network node may track the optimal beam direction to maintain the communication link while meeting Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In some examples, the QoS requirements may include one or both of throughput requirements or latency requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes receiving, at a reflector device in a set of reflector devices associated with a wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. The method further includes transmitting, based on receiving the first beam via the reflector device, a first message to the network node that includes a first beam tracking report, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction that corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device. The method still further includes receiving, based on transmitting the first message, a second beam from the network node based on the one or more first parameters.

[0009] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus that includes means for receiving, at a reflector device among a set of reflector devices associated with a wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. The apparatus further includes means for sending, via the reflector device, a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node based on receiving the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction that corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device. The apparatus still further includes means for receiving a second beam from the network node based on sending the first message and based on the one or more first parameters.

[0010] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium having non-transitory program code recorded thereon is disclosed. The program code is executed by a processor and includes program code for receiving, at a reflector device among a set of reflector devices associated with a wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. The program code further includes program code for sending, via the reflector device, a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node based on receiving the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction that corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device. The program code still further includes program code for receiving a second beam from the network node based on sending the first message and based on the one or more first parameters.

[0011] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus that includes: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, are operative to cause the apparatus to receive, at a reflector device among a set of reflector devices associated with a wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. Execution of the instructions further causes the apparatus to send, via the reflector device, a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node based on receiving the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction that corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device. Execution of the instructions further causes the apparatus to receive a second beam from the network node based on sending the first message and based on the one or more first parameters.

[0012] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes transmitting a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices. The method further includes receiving, from a reflector device of the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report based on the transmission of the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device. The method still further includes transmitting a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

[0013] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus that includes components for transmitting a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices. The apparatus further includes components for receiving, from a reflector device of the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report based on the transmission of the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device. The apparatus still further includes components for transmitting a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

[0014] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium having non-transitory program code recorded thereon is disclosed. The program code is executed by a processor and includes program code for transmitting a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices. The program code further includes program code for receiving, from a reflector device of the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report based on the transmission of the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device. The program code still further includes program code for transmitting a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

[0015] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus that includes: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, are operative to cause the apparatus to transmit a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device that includes a set of reflector devices. Execution of the instructions further causes the apparatus to receive, from one of the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report based on transmitting the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction that corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device. Execution of the instructions further causes the apparatus to transmit a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

[0016] Aspects generally include methods, apparatuses, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication devices, and processing systems as substantially described with reference to the figures and as illustrated in the figures and the description.

[0017] The features and technical advantages of examples in accordance with the present disclosure have been outlined rather broadly above so that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying figures, the characteristics of the disclosed concepts, its structural and operational methods, and associated advantages will be better understood. Each of the figures provided is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not a definition of the limits of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] To enable a detailed understanding of the features of the present disclosure, reference may be made to the aspects in which some aspects are illustrated in the figures. It should be noted, however, that the figures illustrate only some aspects of the present disclosure and should not be considered limiting of its scope, as the description may admit other equivalent aspects. Like reference numerals in different figures may identify the same or similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a wireless communication network in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of communication between a base station and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication network in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3is a block diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication device communicating with a base station in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5A is a block diagram illustrating an example of losing a signal based on movement of a wireless communication device.

[0024] Figure 5B is a block diagram illustrating an example of updating a beam direction from a base station based on a beam tracking report transmitted by a wireless communication device in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 5C is a block diagram illustrating an example of directing a beam direction to a specific reflector device among a set of reflector devices in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication device supporting beam tracking in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed by a wireless communication device supporting beam management in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication device supporting updating a beam direction based on a received beam tracking report in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed by a base station supporting beam management in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0030] Aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings, those skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure, whether implemented independently of any other aspect of the present disclosure or in combination with any other aspect. For example, a device may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth. Additionally, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods practiced using other structures, functionality, or a combination of structures and functionality that supplement or are different from the aspects set forth in the present disclosure. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein can be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0031] Certain aspects of a telecommunications system will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0032] It should be noted that while aspects may be described using terms typically associated with 5G and later wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure can be applied in communication systems based on other generations, such as and including 3G, 4G, or 6G technologies.

[0033] Wireless communication devices such as user equipment (UE) or reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) may be equipped with or integrated with a set of reflector devices, such as modulation retroreflectors (MRR) or intelligent repeaters. In some examples, the set of reflector devices may be particularly useful for short-range communication associated with high throughput and low latency. In some examples, one or more of the reflector devices in the set of reflector devices may receive one or more signals (e.g., optical wireless communication (OWC) beams) from a network node and reflect the one or more received signals to the network node to establish a communication link. In some such examples, after establishing the communication link, the network node may track the optimal beam direction to maintain the communication link while meeting quality of service (QoS) requirements. In some examples, the QoS requirements may include one or both of throughput requirements or latency requirements. In some examples, the wireless communication device may move in an environment, and the network node may not know the actual direction of travel. Additionally, in some such examples, the width of one or more of the received signals may be narrow relative to the size of each reflector device. Therefore, the wireless communication device should provide the base station with information indicating the desired beam direction corresponding to the estimated or predicted future position of the wireless communication device. Failure to provide such information may result in the loss of the communication link. Some conventional wireless communication devices use an independent transmitter such as a UE laser source or a radio frequency (RF) transmitter to send a message indicating the desired beam direction to the network node. However, the use of such an independent transmitter increases the power consumption at the wireless communication device and increases the complexity of the wireless communication device.

[0034] The various aspects disclosed generally relate to signaling one or more parameters to manage a beam direction associated with a downlink signal (e.g., an OWC beam or an RF signal) from a network node. For ease of explanation, the downlink signal may be referred to as a beam. Some aspects more particularly relate to tracking the movement or velocity (e.g., one or more of position, direction of movement, or rate of movement) of a wireless communication device (e.g., an OWC device, an RIS, or a UE), and managing the beam direction associated with the beam based on predicting or estimating the future position, current direction of movement, current rate of movement, and / or future orientation of the wireless communication device according to the tracked movement or velocity. In some aspects, the wireless communication device may also manage the time for adjusting the beam direction.

[0035] In various aspects, a wireless communication device may be equipped with or integrated with a set of reflector devices, such as MRRs or intelligent repeaters. In some examples, each reflector device in the set of reflector devices may be of the same type of reflector device. In operation, one or more reflector devices in the set of reflector devices may receive a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. In some such examples, based on receiving the first beam, the wireless communication device may send a message including a beam tracking report to the network node. In some aspects, the message may be sent (e.g., reflected) by reflecting the first beam back to the network node along the first beam direction via one or more reflector devices that received the first beam. In some examples, the wireless communication device may send the message using a code division multiple access (CDMA) waveform or a single carrier (SC) waveform. In such examples, the message may be modulated based on on-off keying or pulse amplitude modulation. In some other examples, the wireless communication device may send the message by modulating a payload included in the first beam such that the modulated payload forms the message.

[0036] In some aspects, the message may include one or more parameters associated with tracking the movement or speed of the wireless communication device. For example, as indicated above, the parameters may be associated with the predicted future position, current direction of movement, current rate of movement, and / or future orientation of the wireless communication device. The network node may then determine a second beam direction that may be associated with the predicted future position of the wireless communication device based on the parameters. Additionally or alternatively, one or more parameters included in the message may be the second beam direction. Based on predicting or estimating the future position, current direction of movement, current rate of movement, and / or future orientation of the wireless communication device, the second beam direction may be associated with the predicted future position of the wireless communication device. After receiving the message, the network node may send a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device.

[0037] Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, a wireless communication device can assist a network node in controlling the direction of a subsequent beam by sending a message including a beam tracking report to the network node, the beam tracking report including one or more parameters associated with a predicted future location of the wireless communication device, a current direction of motion, a current rate of motion, and / or a future orientation of the wireless communication device or an expected beam direction corresponding to the predicted future location of the wireless communication device. Controlling the direction of a subsequent beam based on a predicted or estimated future location, current direction of motion, current rate of motion, and / or future orientation of the wireless communication device can enable the wireless communication device to maintain a communication link with the network node and meet one or more QoS requirements. Additionally, in some examples, by using one or more reflector devices to send messages via reflected beams, both the complexity of the wireless communication device and the power consumption at the wireless communication device can be reduced because an independent transmitter for sending messages to the network node is not required.

[0038] Figure 1 FIG. 100 is a diagram illustrating a network 100 in which aspects of the present disclosure may be practiced. Network 100 may be a 5G or NR network, or some other wireless network, such as an LTE network. Wireless network 100 may include multiple BSs 110 (shown as BSs 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network entities. A BS is an entity that communicates with user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as a base station, NR BS, Node B, gNB, 5G Node B, access point, transmit and receive point (TRP), network node, network entity, etc. A base station may be implemented as an aggregated base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, etc. A base station may be implemented in an aggregated or monolithic base station architecture, or alternatively, in a disaggregated base station architecture, and may include one or more of a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non RT) RIC.

[0039] Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” may refer to the coverage area of a BS or the BS subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0040] The BS can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access for UEs with service subscriptions. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographical area and can allow unrestricted access for UEs with service subscriptions. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographical area (e.g., a home) and can allow restricted access by UEs associated with that femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The BS for a macro cell can be referred to as a macro BS. The BS for a pico cell can be called a pico BS. The BS for a femto cell can be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In Figure 1 the example shown in, BS110a can be a macro BS for macro cell 102a, BS110b can be a pico BS for pico cell 102b, and BS110c can be a femto BS for femto cell 102c. The BS can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base station", "NR BS", "gNB", "AP", "Node B", "5G NB", "TRP", and "cell" can be used interchangeably.

[0041] In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of a cell can move according to the location of a mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs can be interconnected with each other or interconnected to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections, virtual networks, etc.) using any suitable transport network.

[0042] The wireless network 100 can also include relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive a data transmission from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and transmit the data transmission to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station can also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In Figure 1 the example shown in, relay station 110d can communicate with macro BS110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS110a and UE 120d. A relay station can also be referred to as a relay BS, a relay base station, a repeater, etc.

[0043] The wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs (e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, etc.). These different types of BSs can have different transmission power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro BS can have a high transmission power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while pico BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs can have lower transmission power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0044] As an example, BS110 (shown as BS110a, BS110b, BS110c, and BS110d) and the core network 130 may exchange communications via a backhaul link 132 (e.g., S1, etc.). The base stations 110 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., through the core network 130) via other backhaul links (e.g., X2, etc.).

[0045] The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), which may include at least one mobility management entity (MME), at least one serving gateway (S-GW), and at least one packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW). The MME may be a control node that processes signaling between the UE 120 and the EPC. All user IP packets may be routed through the S-GW, which may itself be connected to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The P-GW may be connected to the network operator's IP services. The operator's IP services may include the Internet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), and packet-switched (PS) streaming services.

[0046] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, IP connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. One or more of the base stations 110 or access node controllers (ANCs) may interface with the core network 130 via a backhaul link 132 (e.g., S1, S2, etc.), and may perform radio configuration and scheduling for communication with the UE 120. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity or base station 110 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and access network controllers), or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., base station 110).

[0047] UE 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) can be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE can be stationary or mobile. The UE can also be referred to as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, etc. The UE can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, a superbook, a medical device or equipment, a biometric sensor / device, a wearable device (smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0048] One or more UEs 120 can establish a protocol data unit (PDU) session for a network slice. In some cases, the UE 120 can select a network slice based on an application or a subscribed service. By having different network slices serve different applications or subscriptions, the UE 120 can improve its resource utilization in the wireless network 100 while also meeting the performance specifications of the various applications of the UE 120. In some cases, the network slice used by the UE 120 can be served by an AMF ( Figure 1 not shown) associated with one or both of the base station 110 or the core network 130. Additionally, the session management of the network slice can be performed by the access and mobility management function (AMF).

[0049] The UE 120 can include a beam tracking module 140. For simplicity, only one UE 120d is shown as including the beam tracking module 140. The beam tracking module 140 can perform one or more operations, including the operations of the process 700 described below with reference to Figure 7 the process 700.

[0050] The base station 110 can include a beam management module 142. For simplicity, only one base station 110 is shown as including the beam management module 142. The beam management module 142 can perform one or more operations, including the operations of the process 900 described below with reference to Figure 9 the process 900.

[0051] Some UEs can be considered as Machine Type Communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., which can communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. For example, a wireless node can provide a connection to or from a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, or can be implemented as NarrowBand IoT (NB-IoT) devices. Some UEs can be considered Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). The UE 120 can be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as a processor component, a memory component, and so on.

[0052] Generally speaking, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network can support a specific Radio Access Technology (RAT) and can operate on one or more frequencies. The RAT can also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc. The frequency can also be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, etc. Each frequency in a given geographical area can support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, an NR or 5G RAT network can be deployed.

[0053] In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using the base station 110 as an intermediate device to communicate with each other). For example, the UE 120 can communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, etc.), a mesh network, etc. In this case, the UE 120 can perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, or other operations described elsewhere herein as performed by the base station 110. For example, the base station 110 can configure the UE 120 via Downlink Control Information (DCI), Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control - Control Element (MAC-CE), or via system information (e.g., System Information Block (SIB)).

[0054] As indicated above, Figure 1 is provided merely as an example. Other examples may be different from the examples described with respect to Figure 1 what is described.

[0055] Figure 2FIG. 200 shows a block diagram of a design 200 of a base station 110 and a UE 120, which may be one of the base stations and one of the UEs in Figure 1 the base stations and one of the UEs in the base stations. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a through 234t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a through 252r, where typically T≥1 and R≥1.

[0056] At the base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data for one or more UEs from a data source 212, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE at least in part based on channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from each UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE at least in part based on the MCSs selected for each UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Reducing the MCS reduces throughput but increases the reliability of transmission. The transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI), etc.) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper layer signaling, etc.), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRSs)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSSs) and secondary synchronization signals (SSSs)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t. Each modulator 232 may process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may further process the output sample stream (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from the modulators 232a through 232t may be transmitted via the T antennas 234a through 234t, respectively. According to aspects described in more detail below, position coding may be utilized to generate synchronization signals to convey additional information.

[0057] At the UE 120, antennas 252a through 252r may receive downlink signals from the base station 110 or other base stations, and may provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMOD) 254a through 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition the received signal (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from all R demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide the detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and provide the decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP), a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), a reference signal received quality (RSRQ), a channel quality indicator (CQI), etc. In some aspects, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing.

[0058] On the uplink, at the UE 120, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262 and control information from the controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.). The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-coded by the TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), CP-OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 110. At the base station 110, the uplink signals from the UE 120 and other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the demodulator 254, detected by the MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain the decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and communicate with the core network 130 via the communication unit 244. The core network 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292.

[0059] The controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, or Figure 2One or more of any other components thereof may perform one or more techniques associated with beam tracking, as described in more detail elsewhere. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, or Figure 2 One or more of any other components thereof may perform or direct the operations of the described processes such as Figure 7 and Figure 9 one or more processes of and other processes. The memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for the base station 110 and the UE 120, respectively. The scheduler 246 may schedule the UE for data transmission on the downlink or uplink.

[0060] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G New Radio (NR) system) can be arranged in various ways with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, mobility elements of the network, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements, or network equipment (such as a base station (BS)) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functions can be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR BS, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a transmit and receive point (TRP), or a cell, etc.) can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a stand-alone BS or a monolithic BS) or a disaggregated base station.

[0061] An aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A disaggregated base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed in one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit (e.g., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU)).

[0062] Base station type operations or network designs can consider the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations can be used in integrated access backhaul (IAB) networks, open radio access networks (O-RANs, such as network configurations advocated by the O-RAN Alliance), or virtualized radio access networks (vRANs, also known as cloud radio access networks (C-RANs)). Disaggregation can include distributing functions across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing the functions of at least one unit, which can achieve flexibility in network design. Various units of a disaggregated base station or disaggregated RAN architecture can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0063] In some cases, different types of devices that support different types of applications or services can coexist in a cell. Examples of different types of devices include UE handsets, customer premises equipment (CPE), vehicles, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and so on. Examples of different types of applications include ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) applications, massive machine type communication (mMTC) applications, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) applications, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications, and so on. Additionally, in some cases, a single device can support different applications or services simultaneously.

[0064] Figure 3 A diagram illustrating an exemplary disaggregated base station 300 architecture is shown. The disaggregated base station 300 architecture can include one or more central units (CUs) 310, which can communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a near-real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 325 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 315 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). The CU 310 can communicate with one or more distributed units (DUs) 330 via a respective midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). The DU 330 can communicate with one or more radio units (RUs) 340 via a respective fronthaul link. The RU 340 can communicate with a respective UE 120 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some specific implementations, the UE 120 can be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0065] Each of these units (e.g., CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, and the near RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO framework 305) may include one or more interfaces, or may be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively referred to as signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each unit in the units or the associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interfaces of these units may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, these units may include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally, the unit may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as a radio frequency (RF) transceiver) configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium.

[0066] In some aspects, CU 310 may host one or more high-level control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface configured to convey signals to other control functions hosted by CU 310. CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., Central Unit - User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (e.g., Central Unit - Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, CU 310 may be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface (such as the E1 interface). As needed, CU 310 may be implemented to communicate with DU 330 for network control and signaling.

[0067] The DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of the radio link control (RLC) layer, the media access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) at least in part depending on a functional split (such as the functional split defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)). In some aspects, the DU 330 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0068] The low layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 340. In some deployments, the RUs 340 controlled by the DU 330 may correspond to logical nodes that host RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.) or both at least in part based on a functional split (such as a low layer functional split). In such an architecture, the RUs 340 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some embodiments, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of the control plane and user plane communication with the RUs 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the implementation of the DU 330 and the CU 310 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0069] The SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as the Open Cloud (O-cloud) 390) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, the CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, and the Near RT RIC 325. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate with the hardware aspects of 4G RAN, such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 311, via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some specific implementations, the SMO framework 305 can directly communicate with one or more RUs 340 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 can also include a Non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0070] The Non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logical functions that can enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near RT RIC 325. The Non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or communicate with the Near RT RIC 325 (such as via the A1 interface). The Near RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logical functions that can enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions on an interface (such as via the E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, and the O-eNB 311 to the Near RT RIC 325.

[0071] In some specific implementations, to generate the AI / ML models to be deployed in the near RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information can be utilized by the near RT RIC 325 and can be received from non-network data sources or from network functions at the SMO framework 305 or at the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or the near RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ an AI / ML model to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0072] As discussed, a reflector device, such as an intelligent repeater of an MRR or a RIS, may receive a signal and reflect the received signal back to the source of the signal or back to another device. Figure 4 FIG. is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication device 402 communicating with a network node 400 in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication device 402 may be an example of the UE 120 referenced Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 described. In other examples, the wireless communication device 402 may be a wearable device worn by a user 406, such as a virtual reality headset. The wearable device may be used for gaming, computer-aided drafting, holographic conferencing, or other tasks that may specify high throughput and low latency communication. In some such examples, the wireless communication device 402 may be an example of an OWC device or a RIS. The wireless communication device 402 may include one or more reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C. In some examples, each of the reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C may be an MRR. In some other examples, each of the reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C may be a RIS or an intelligent repeater associated with a RIS. The wireless communication device 402 is not limited to the three reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C as Figure 4 shown. Additional or fewer reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C may be integrated with the wireless communication device 402. As an example, other reflector devices may be integrated on one side (e.g., the right side) of the wireless communication device 402 not shown in Figure 4 . In some examples, the network node 400 may be an example of the base station 110 referenced Figure 1 and Figure 2 described or an example of the DU 330, RU 340, or CU 310 referenced Figure 3 described. In other examples, the network node 400 may be an example of an indoor network node.

[0073] As Figure 4 shown, the wireless communication device 402 may receive a downlink signal 405 transmitted from the network node 400. The downlink signal 405 may be an example of an OWC beam or an RF signal. In some examples, the downlink signal 405 is received at one of the reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C (such as the third reflector device 404C), and then reflected back to the network node 400 at the same angle as the downlink signal 405. In Figure 4 this example, the uplink signal 408 is an example of a reflection of the downlink signal 405. Compared with the wireless communication device 402, a conventional receiver may generate a signal via a transceiver, which is transmitted to the network node 400 based on the received downlink signal 405. As an example, a conventional receiver may generate a laser at a laser source. The use of a transceiver may increase the power consumption at the receiver. In contrast, the reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C may reduce the power consumption at the wireless communication device 402 while also simplifying the design of the wireless communication device 402. Additionally, the use of the reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C simplifies the beam management at the wireless communication device 402 because the downlink signal 405 is reflected back to the network node 400. Furthermore, based on the use of an asymmetric link, an optical device with a wider field of view may be used for the wireless communication device 402.

[0074] In some examples, the wireless communication device 402 may move in the environment, resulting in the loss of the downlink signal 405. Figure 5A is a block diagram illustrating an example of the loss of the downlink signal 405 based on the movement of the wireless communication device 402. In Figure 5A this example, at time t1, the wireless communication device 402 receives the downlink signal 405 from the network node 400 in the beam direction (e.g., the downlink signal direction). The beam direction may be towards the current position of the wireless communication device 402. In some examples, the downlink signal 405 is repeatedly transmitted by the network node 400. Repeated transmission may be different from continuous transmission, which is an example of uninterrupted transmission. For example, repeated transmission can be repeated at a certain interval (e.g., once every millisecond). As Figure 5A shown, at time t1, the uplink signal 408 is an example of the downlink signal 405 being reflected back to the network node 400. As discussed, one or more of the reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C may reflect the downlink signal 405. Additionally, as Figure 5A shown, at time t1, the user 406 may move in the direction 500.

[0075] In Figure 5AIn the example, at time t2, user 406 moves in direction 500. However, wireless communication device 402 does not send a report indicating a new beam direction to network node 400 based on the movement of wireless communication device 402. Thus, at time t2, network node 400 does not update the beam direction of downlink signal 405. As a result, downlink signal 405 is not received at one or more reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C of wireless communication device 402, resulting in the loss of downlink signal 405 at wireless communication device 402. The loss of downlink signal 405 (e.g., communication link) can result in one or more of a poor user experience, application failure, increased latency, or reduced throughput. To reduce the likelihood that wireless communication device 402 loses downlink signal 405, network node 400 can track the optimal beam direction relative to the position of wireless communication device 402. The optimal beam direction can be the direction that achieves one or both of maximum throughput or minimum latency. In some examples, such as when downlink signal 405 is a laser beam, the width of downlink signal 405 can be narrow compared to the size of wireless communication device 402. Thus, wireless communication device 402 can assist network node 400 in tracking the optimal beam direction.

[0076] In some examples, to reduce the likelihood of losing downlink signal 405, wireless communication device 402 can send a beam tracking report to network node 400 that includes one or more parameters associated with an updated beam direction based on tracking the movement and speed of wireless communication device 402. In some examples, wireless communication device 402 can repeatedly track its own movement to predict a future position, and tracking its own movement can include tracking one or more of a direction of movement, a direction of travel, a speed, or a rate. Repeated tracking refers to tracking the movement at regular intervals, such as once every millisecond. In some examples, repeated tracking can be distinguished from continuous tracking (e.g., uninterrupted tracking). In some examples, when wireless communication device 402 moves in an environment, a beam tracking report can be repeatedly sent to network node 400. The beam tracking report can increase the reliability of the link between network node 400 and wireless communication device 402.

[0077] Figure 5B is a block diagram illustrating an example of updating a beam direction from network node 400 based on a beam tracking report sent by wireless communication device 402 in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 5B the example, at time t1, wireless communication device 402 receives a first downlink signal 410 from network node 400 in a first beam direction. The first beam direction can be toward the current position of wireless communication device 402. In some examples, the first downlink signal 410 is repeatedly sent by network node 400. As Figure 5BAs shown, at time t1, a first uplink signal 414 is sent to network node 400. The first uplink signal 414 can be an example of the first downlink signal 410 reflected back to network node 400. As discussed, one or more of reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C may reflect the first downlink signal 410. Additionally, as Figure 5B shown, at time t1, user 406 may move in direction 500.

[0078] In Figure 5B an example, wireless communication device 402 may track its own movement and speed. Based on the movement and speed tracking, wireless communication device 402 may send a first message including a first beam tracking report that includes one or more first parameters associated with either or both of the direction of movement of wireless communication device 402 or a second beam direction associated with the predicted position of wireless communication device 402 at a future time. In such examples, the predicted position of wireless communication device 402 at a future time may be based on wireless communication device 402 tracking its movement and speed within the environment. In some examples, the movement and speed may be tracked repeatedly. Additionally, in some examples, wireless communication device 402 may estimate its direction of movement based on either or both of energy measurements performed on the first downlink signal 410 by one or more of reflector devices 404A, 404B, and 404C or movement measurements performed by one or more sensors associated with wireless communication device 402. The one or more sensors may include one or more gyroscopic sensors, positioning sensors, or another type of position or movement sensor. In such examples, the second beam direction may be based on estimating the direction of movement of wireless communication device 402. Additionally or alternatively, the direction of movement may be estimated based on information obtained from an application being executed at wireless communication device 402. For example, a video game may indicate that user 406 may move in a specific direction based on an upcoming event in the video game. Thus, the estimated direction of movement may correspond to the specific direction indicated by the video game. In some examples, the direction of movement may be estimated according to six degrees of freedom (e.g., the position and orientation of wireless communication device 402).

[0079] In some examples, one or more first parameters may include a difference between a first beam direction and a second beam direction, or an absolute value corresponding to an adjustment to the first beam direction. For example, the absolute value may be in radians or degrees. Additionally or alternatively, one or more first parameters indicate a direction of motion 500. Additionally or alternatively, one or more first parameters may indicate an altitude and an azimuth associated with the second beam direction. The altitude and the azimuth may correspond to respective axes in a coordinate system. Additionally or alternatively, one or more first parameters may indicate a time for receiving a second downlink signal 412 in the second beam direction at time t2. For example, one or more first parameters may indicate that the second downlink signal 412 should be received after a specific period of time from the current time.

[0080] In other examples, one or more first parameters indicate an altitude associated with the second beam direction. In such examples, the wireless communication device 402 may send a second message including a second beam tracking report based on receiving the first downlink signal 410, the second beam tracking report including one or more second parameters associated with the second beam direction. The one or more second parameters indicate an azimuth associated with the second beam direction. In such examples, the wireless communication device 402 divides the beam tracking report into two payloads such that the wireless communication device 402 sends the first beam tracking report and then the second beam tracking report, or vice versa.

[0081] In some examples, the first message may be sent on a waveform such as a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) waveform or a Single Carrier (SC) waveform. In such examples, the first message may be modulated via a modulation scheme such as On-Off Keying (OOK) or Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM). In some other examples, the wireless communication device 402 may modulate a downlink payload included in the first downlink signal 410, such as an OWC payload. In such examples, the first message may be the modulated downlink payload.

[0082] As Figure 5B shown in the example of, at time t2, the network node 400 may send a second downlink signal 412 associated with a second direction based on receiving the first message (e.g., the first beam tracking report) at time t1. The second uplink signal 412 may be sent to the network node 400 based on reflecting the second downlink signal 416 back to the network node 400 by one of the reflector devices 404A, 404B, or 404C. In some examples, if the communication link between the wireless communication device 402 and the network node 400 is lost, the beam tracking report (e.g., the first beam tracking report) may relate to a different communication band, or the beam management process may be restarted. Restarting the beam management process may re-establish the communication link between the wireless communication device 402 and the network node 400.

[0083] In Figure 5B the example, the first beam report indicates one or more parameters associated with a second beam direction corresponding to a predicted location of the wireless communication device 402 based on tracking its movement and speed. In some examples, the desired beam direction or a correction to the direction of the current beam (e.g., a downlink signal) can be directed to a particular reflector device 404A, 404B, or 404C among a set of reflector devices.

[0084] Figure 5C is a block diagram illustrating an example of directing a beam direction to a particular reflector device 404A, 404B, or 404C among a set of reflector devices according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In Figure 5C the example, at time t1, the wireless communication device 402 receives a first downlink signal 410 associated with a first beam direction (e.g., a first downlink signal direction) from the network node 400. The first beam direction can direct the first downlink signal 410 to a second reflector device 404B among the set of reflector devices. As discussed, the first downlink signal 410 can be repeatedly transmitted by the network node 400. As Figure 5C shown, at time t1, based on the second reflector device 404B reflecting the first downlink signal 410 back to the network node 400, a first uplink signal 414 is transmitted to the network node 400. The wireless communication device 402 can be aware that the second reflector device 404B is reflecting the first downlink signal 410 at time t1. Additionally, as Figure 5A shown, at time t1, the user 406 can move in the direction 500.

[0085] At time t2, based on the movement of user 406 in direction 500, a first downlink signal 410 can be received at the third reflector device 404C. Additionally, at time t2, based on the third reflector device 404C reflecting the first downlink signal 410 back to the network node 400, a first uplink signal 414 can be sent to the network node 400. The wireless communication device 402 can be aware that the third reflector device 404C is reflecting the first downlink signal 410 at time t2. Given the position of the third reflector device 404C relative to the wireless communication device 402 (e.g., the third reflector device 404C is defined at the edge of the wireless communication device 402), if the wireless communication device 402 continues to move in direction 500, the reflector device 404C can determine that the communication link may be lost. Thus, at time t2, the wireless communication device 402 can send a first message to the network node 400 that includes a first beam tracking report, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters that are associated with a second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device 402 based on the wireless communication device 402 tracking its movement and speed.

[0086] In Figure 5C the example of, the second beam direction can be towards the predicted or estimated direction of a particular reflector device (such as the first reflector device 404A). In some examples, since the first downlink signal 410 has moved from the second reflector device 404B to the third reflector device 404C, in the case where the user continues to move in direction 500, the wireless communication device 402 can direct the first downlink signal 410 to the first reflector device 404A. Thus, at time t3, the wireless communication device 402 receives a second downlink signal 412 at the first reflector device 404A in the second beam direction based on one or more parameters included in the first beam tracking report. The wireless communication device 402 can continue to monitor the direction of the second downlink signal 412 and can transmit another beam tracking report once the second downlink signal 412 is received at the third reflector device 404C.

[0087] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication device 600 that supports beam tracking in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. Device 600 can be a reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 the UE 120 described or a reference Figure 4 , Figure 5B and Figure 5CExamples of aspects of the wireless communication device 402. The wireless communication device 600 may include a receiver 610, a communication manager 605, a transmitter 620, a beam management component 630, and a beam tracking report component 640 that may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). In some examples, the wireless communication device 600 is configured to perform operations including the operations of process 700 described below with reference to Figure 7 the operations of process 700.

[0088] In some examples, the wireless communication device 600 may include a chip, chipset, package, or device that includes at least one processor and at least one modem (e.g., a 5G modem or other cellular modem). In some examples, the communication manager 605 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, at least some components of the communication manager 605 are at least partially implemented as software stored in a memory. For example, portions of one or more of the components of the communication manager 605 may be implemented as non-transitory code that can be executed by a processor to perform the functions or operations of the corresponding components.

[0089] The receiver 610 may receive one or more reference signals (e.g., periodically configured channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), aperiodically configured CSI-RS, or multi-beam specific reference signals), synchronization signals (e.g., synchronization signal blocks (SSB)), control information (such as in packet form), and data information from one or more other wireless communication devices via various channels including control channels (e.g., physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or physical sidelink control channel PSCCH) and data channels (e.g., physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)). The other wireless communication devices may include, but are not limited to, the base station 110 as described with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 as described with reference to Figure 3 the CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340, or the network node 400 as described with reference to Figure 4 , Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 5C described.

[0090] The received information may be passed to other components of the device 600. The receiver 610 may be an example of aspects of the receive processor 256 described with reference to Figure 2 The receiver 610 may include or otherwise utilize an antenna assembly coupled to an antenna assembly (e.g., the antenna assembly may be the one described with reference to Figure 2A set of radio frequency (RF) chains for aspects of the antenna 252 described above.

[0091] The transmitter 620 can transmit signals generated by the communication manager 605 or other components of the wireless communication device 600. In some examples, the transmitter 620 can be co-located with the receiver 610 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 620 can be an example of aspects of the transmission processor 266 described above. Figure 2 The transmitter 620 can be coupled to or otherwise utilize an antenna set (e.g., the antenna set can be an example of aspects of the antenna 252 described above), which can be antenna elements shared with the receiver 610. In some examples, the transmitter 620 is configured to transmit control information in the PUCCH, PSCCH, or PDCCH, and transmit data in the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), PSSCH, or PDSCH. Figure 2 The communication manager 605 can be an example of aspects of the controller / processor 259 described above. The communication manager 605 can include a beam management component 630 and a beam tracking report component 640. In some examples, in conjunction with the receiver 610, the beam management component 630 can receive a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node at a reflector device in a set of reflector devices associated with the wireless communication device. Additionally, in conjunction with the beam management component 630 and the transmitter 620, the beam tracking report component 640 can send a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node via the reflector device based on receiving the first beam, where the first beam tracking report includes one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, and the second beam direction corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device. Finally, in conjunction with one or more of the receiver 610 or the beam tracking report component 640, the beam management component 630 receives a second beam from the network node based on the one or more first parameters. The second beam can be associated with the second beam direction.

[0092] The communication manager 605 can be an example of aspects of the controller / processor 259 described above. Figure 2 The communication manager 605 can include a beam management component 630 and a beam tracking report component 640. In some examples, working in conjunction with the receiver 610, the beam management component 630 can receive a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node at a reflector device in a set of reflector devices associated with the wireless communication device. Additionally, working in conjunction with the beam management component 630 and the transmitter 620, the beam tracking report component 640 can send a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node via the reflector device based on receiving the first beam, where the first beam tracking report includes one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, and the second beam direction corresponds to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device. Finally, working in conjunction with one or more of the receiver 610 or the beam tracking report component 640, the beam management component 630 receives a second beam from the network node based on the one or more first parameters. The second beam can be associated with the second beam direction.

[0093] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating an example process 700 performed by a wireless communication device according to some aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication device can be an example of the wireless communication device 402 described above. The example process 700 is an example of a beam management process. As Figure 4 The wireless communication device can be an example of the wireless communication device 402 described above. The example process 700 is an example of a beam management process. As Figure 7As shown, process 700 begins at block 702 by receiving, at a reflector device of a set of reflector devices associated with a wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node. At block 704, process 700 transmits, via the reflector device to the network node, a first message including a first beam tracking report based on receiving the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction that corresponds to a predicted location of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking movement of the wireless communication device. At block 706, process 700 receives a second beam from the network node based on the one or more first parameters. The second beam may be associated with the second beam direction.

[0094] Figure 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication device 800 that supports updating beam directions based on received beam tracking reports, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication device 800 may be an example of the network node 400 referenced Figure 4 , Figure 5B and Figure 5C . The wireless communication device 800 may include a receiver 810, a communication manager 815, a beam management component 830, a beam tracking report component 840, and a transmitter 820 that may communicate (e.g., via one or more buses) with each other. In some examples, the wireless communication device 800 is configured to perform operations including those of process 900 referenced below Figure 9 .

[0095] In some examples, the wireless communication device 800 may include a chip, a system on a chip (SOC), a chipset, a package, or a device that includes at least one processor and at least one modem (e.g., a 5G modem or other cellular modem). In some examples, the communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, at least some components of the communication manager 815 are at least partially implemented as software stored in a memory. For example, portions of one or more components of the communication manager 815 may be implemented as non-transitory code executable by a processor to perform the functions or operations of the corresponding components.

[0096] The receiver 810 may receive one or more reference signals (e.g., periodically configured CSI-RS, aperiodically configured CSI-RS, or multi-beam specific reference signals), synchronization signals (e.g., synchronization signal blocks (SSBs)), control information (such as in packet form) or data information from one or more other wireless communication devices via various channels including a control channel (e.g., PUCCH or PSCCH) and a data channel (e.g., PUSCH or PSSCH). The other wireless communication devices may include, but are not limited to, those referenced Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 the UE 120 described above, or refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5B and Figure 5C the wireless communication device 402 described above.

[0097] The received information can be passed to other components of the wireless communication device 800. The receiver 810 can be an example of aspects of the receiving processor 238 referred to in Figure 2 above. The receiver 810 can include a set of radio frequency (RF) chains coupled to or otherwise utilizing an antenna array (e.g., the antenna array can be an example of aspects of the antenna 234 referred to in Figure 2 above).

[0098] The transmitter 820 can transmit signals generated by the communication manager 815 or other components of the wireless communication device 800. In some examples, the transmitter 820 can be co-located with the receiver 810 in a transceiver. The transmitter 820 can be an example of aspects of the transmitting processor 220 referred to in Figure 2 above. The transmitter 820 can be coupled to or otherwise utilize an antenna array (e.g., the antenna array can be an example of aspects of the antenna 234), and the antenna array can be antenna elements shared with the receiver 810. In some examples, the transmitter 820 is configured to transmit control information in the PDCCH or PSCCH and data in the PDSCH or PSSCH.

[0099] The communication manager 815 can be an example of aspects of the controller / processor 240 referred to in Figure 2 above. The communication manager 815 includes a beam management component 830 and a beam tracking report component 840. In some examples, in conjunction with the transmitter 820, the beam management component 830 transmits a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices. Additionally, in conjunction with the receiver 810, the beam tracking report component 840 receives a first message including a first beam tracking report from one of the reflector devices in the set of reflector devices based on the transmission of the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, and the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device. Finally, in conjunction with one or more of the transmitter 820 or the beam tracking report component 840, the beam management component 830 transmits a second beam to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters. The second beam can be associated with the second beam direction.

[0100] Figure 9is a flowchart illustrating an example process 900 performed by a network node 400 in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 900 is an example of a beam management process. As Figure 9 shown, the process 900 begins at block 902 by transmitting a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices. At block 904, the process 900 receives, from a reflector device of the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report based on the transmission of the first beam, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device. At block 906, the process 900 transmits a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

[0101] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0102] Clause 1. A method for wireless communication at a wireless communication device, the method comprising: at a reflector device of a set of reflector devices associated with the wireless communication device, receiving a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node; based on receiving the first beam, transmitting, via the reflector device, a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device; and based on the one or more first parameters, receiving a second beam from the network node.

[0103] Clause 2. The method according to clause 1, the method further comprising estimating a movement direction of the wireless communication device based on one or both of energy measurements of the first beam performed by one or more reflector devices of the set of reflector devices or movement measurements performed by one or more sensors associated with the wireless communication device, wherein the second beam direction is based on the estimated movement direction of the wireless communication device.

[0104] Clause 3. The method according to clause 2, wherein the movement direction is estimated according to six degrees of freedom.

[0105] Clause 4. The method according to clause 2, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate one of the following: a difference between the first beam direction and the second beam direction; or an absolute value corresponding to an adjustment to the first beam direction.

[0106] Clause 5. The method according to clause 2, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate the direction of movement.

[0107] Clause 6. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 5, wherein: the one or more first parameters indicate the altitude and azimuth associated with the second beam direction; and the altitude and the azimuth correspond to respective axes in a coordinate system.

[0108] Clause 7. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 5, the method further comprising transmitting a second message including a second beam tracking report based on receiving the first beam, the second beam tracking report including one or more second parameters associated with the second beam direction, wherein: the one or more first parameters indicate the altitude associated with the second beam direction; and the one or more second parameters indicate the azimuth associated with the second beam direction.

[0109] Clause 8. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 7, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate the time for receiving the second beam.

[0110] Clause 9. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 8, wherein: the first message is transmitted on a CDMA waveform or an SC waveform; and the first message is modulated based on on-off keying or pulse amplitude modulation.

[0111] Clause 10. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 8, the method further comprising modulating a downlink payload included in the first beam, wherein the first message is the modulated downlink payload.

[0112] Clause 11. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 10, wherein each reflector device in the set of reflector devices is an intelligent repeater of an MRR or an RIS.

[0113] Clause 12. The method according to any one of clauses 1 to 11, wherein: the wireless communication device is an OWC device; the first beam is a first OWC beam; and the second beam is a second OWC beam.

[0114] Clause 13. A method for wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: sending a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices; based on sending the first beam, receiving, from a reflector device of the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device; and based on the one or more first parameters, sending a second beam associated with the second beam direction to the wireless communication device.

[0115] Clause 14. The method according to clause 13, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate one of the following: a difference between the first beam direction and the second beam direction; or an absolute value corresponding to an adjustment to the first beam direction.

[0116] Clause 15. The method according to any one of clauses 13 to 14, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate a moving direction of the wireless communication device.

[0117] Clause 16. The method according to any one of clauses 13 to 15, wherein: the one or more first parameters indicate a height and an azimuth associated with the second beam direction; and the height and the azimuth correspond to respective axes in a coordinate system.

[0118] Clause 17. The method according to any one of clauses 13 to 15, the method further comprising, based on sending the first beam, receiving a second message including a second beam tracking report, the second beam tracking report including one or more second parameters associated with the second beam direction, wherein: the one or more first parameters indicate a height associated with the second beam direction; and the one or more second parameters indicate an azimuth associated with the second beam direction.

[0119] Clause 18. The method according to any one of clauses 13 to 17, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate a time for receiving the second beam in the second beam direction.

[0120] Clause 19. The method according to any one of clauses 13 to 18, wherein: the first message is received on a CDMA waveform or an SC waveform; and the first message is modulated based on on-off keying or pulse amplitude modulation.

[0121] Clause 20. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 18, wherein: the first beam includes a downlink payload included in the first beam; and the first message is a modulation of the downlink payload.

[0122] Clause 21. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 20, wherein each reflector device in the set of reflector devices is an intelligent repeater of an MRR or an RIS.

[0123] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in accordance with the above disclosure, or may be obtained from practice of the aspects.

[0124] As used, the term "component" is intended to be broadly construed as hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. As used, a processor is implemented using hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0125] Some aspects are described in connection with a threshold. As used, depending on the context, meeting a threshold may mean that a value is greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0126] It will be apparent that the described system or method may be implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specific control hardware or software code for implementing these systems or methods does not limit the aspects. Accordingly, the operation and behavior of the system or method are described without reference to specific software code—it should be understood that the software and hardware can be designed to implement the system or method at least in part based on the description.

[0127] Although specific combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the aspects. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of the aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. A phrase referring to "at least one" of a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0128] The elements, acts, or instructions used should not be construed as critical or essential unless expressly described as such. Further, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Further, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, combinations of related and unrelated items, etc.) and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." If only one item is intended to be referred to, the phrase "only one" or similar will be used. Further, as used herein, the term "comprising" is intended to be an open-ended term. Further, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "at least partially based on" unless expressly stated otherwise.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a wireless communication device, the method comprising: receiving, at a reflector device of a set of reflector devices associated with the wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node; sending, based on receiving the first beam, a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node via the reflector device, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement of the wireless communication device; and receiving, based on the one or more first parameters, a second beam from the network node.

2. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising estimating a movement direction of the wireless communication device based on one or both of an energy measurement of the first beam performed by one or more reflector devices of the set of reflector devices or a movement measurement performed by one or more sensors associated with the wireless communication device, wherein the second beam direction is based on estimating the movement direction of the wireless communication device.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the movement direction is estimated according to six degrees of freedom.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate one of the following: a difference between the first beam direction and the second beam direction; or an absolute value corresponding to an adjustment to the first beam direction.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate the movement direction.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the one or more first parameters indicate a height and an azimuth associated with the second beam direction; and the height and the azimuth correspond to respective axes in a coordinate system.

7. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising sending, based on receiving the first beam, a second message including a second beam tracking report, the second beam tracking report including one or more second parameters associated with the second beam direction, wherein: the one or more first parameters indicate a height associated with the second beam direction; and the one or more second parameters indicate an azimuth associated with the second beam direction.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate a time for receiving the second beam.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the first message is sent on a code division multiple access (CDMA) waveform or a single carrier (SC) waveform; and the first message is modulated based on on-off keying or pulse amplitude modulation.

10. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising modulating a downlink payload included in the first beam, wherein the first message is the modulated downlink payload.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein each reflector device in the set of reflector devices is a modulated retroreflector (MRR) or an intelligent repeater.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless communication device is an optical wireless communication (OWC) device; the first beam is a first OWC beam; and the second beam is a second OWC beam.

13. An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless communication device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, are operable to cause the apparatus to: receive, at a reflector device in a set of reflector devices associated with the wireless communication device, a first beam associated with a first beam direction from a network node; based on receiving the first beam, send, via the reflector device, a first message including a first beam tracking report to the network node, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on tracking the movement and speed of the wireless communication device; and receive a second beam from the network node based on the one or more first parameters.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the execution of the instructions further causes the apparatus to estimate a movement direction of the wireless communication device based on one or both of an energy measurement of the first beam performed by one or more reflector devices in the set of reflector devices or a movement measurement performed by one or more sensors associated with the wireless communication device, wherein the second beam direction is based on the estimated movement direction of the wireless communication device.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the movement direction is estimated according to six degrees of freedom.

16. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate one of the following: a difference between the first beam direction and the second beam direction; or an absolute value corresponding to an adjustment to the first beam direction.

17. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate the movement direction.

18. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein each reflector device in the set of reflector devices is a modulated retroreflector (MRR) or an intelligent repeater.

19. A method for wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: send a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices; based on sending the first beam, receive, from a reflector device in the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device; and Transmit a second beam to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate one of the following: A difference between the first beam direction and the second beam direction; or An absolute value corresponding to an adjustment to the first beam direction.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate a moving direction of the wireless communication device.

22. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The one or more first parameters indicate a height and an azimuth associated with the second beam direction; and The height and the azimuth correspond to respective axes in a coordinate system.

23. The method according to claim 19, the method further comprising receiving, based on transmitting the first beam, a second message including a second beam tracking report, the second beam tracking report including one or more second parameters associated with the second beam direction, wherein: The one or more first parameters indicate a height associated with the second beam direction; and The one or more second parameters indicate an azimuth associated with the second beam direction.

24. The method according to claim 19, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate a time for receiving the second beam.

25. The method according to claim 19, wherein: Receive the first message on a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) waveform or a Single Carrier (SC) waveform; and Modulate the first message based on On-Off Keying or Pulse Amplitude Modulation.

26. The method according to claim 19, wherein: The first beam includes a downlink payload included in the first beam; and The first message is a modulation of the downlink payload.

27. The method according to claim 19, wherein each reflector device in the set of reflector devices is a Modulated Retro-Reflector (MRR) or an intelligent repeater.

28. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, the apparatus comprising: A processor; and A memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions, which when executed by the processor are operable to cause the apparatus to: Transmit a first beam associated with a first beam direction to a wireless communication device including a set of reflector devices; Based on transmitting the first beam, receive, from a reflector device in the set of reflector devices, a first message including a first beam tracking report, the first beam tracking report including one or more first parameters associated with a second beam direction, the second beam direction corresponding to a predicted position of the wireless communication device at a future time based on the movement and speed of the wireless communication device; and Transmit a second beam to the wireless communication device based on the one or more first parameters.

29. The apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate one of the following: A difference between the first beam direction and the second beam direction; or The absolute value corresponding to the adjustment of the first beam direction.

30. The apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the one or more first parameters indicate a moving direction of the wireless communication device.

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