Profiling air inlet prefilter and filtering method

Abstract

The invention discloses a profiling air inlet channel prefilter and a filtering method, and belongs to the technical field of engine air inlet pipelines, the profiling air inlet channel prefilter comprises a shell assembly, the shell assembly is composed of a first shell and a second shell, the first shell and the second shell are welded to form a closed cavity, one end of the cavity is provided with an air inlet channel inlet, and the other end of the cavity is provided with an air outlet channel outlet. An air outlet and a dust discharging unit are arranged at the other end of the cavity, and a filtering and separating unit is arranged in the cavity. According to the profiling air inlet channel prefilter and the filtering method, by arranging the dust discharging unit, the filtering separation unit and the profiling flow channel, the particle separation efficiency is improved, the air inlet resistance is reduced, the maintenance frequency of the air filter is reduced, and the energy consumption and the cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engine intake pipelines, and in particular to a profiling air intake pre-filter and a filtering method. Background Art

[0002] In the actual operation scenarios of agricultural machinery such as tractors and harvesters, and construction machinery such as loaders and excavators, the engine intake system is long-term exposed to extremely harsh environments with high dust and a lot of debris. Taking farm work as an example, during the plowing and sowing processes of tractors, the concentration of soil particles, crop straw debris, and airborne dust can be as high as dozens of milligrams per cubic meter; while at construction sites, the dust environment faced by construction machinery is more complex, including not only larger sand and gravel particles, but also concrete debris, metal dust, etc. If these impurities enter the engine without effective filtration, it will directly threaten its service life and working performance.

[0003] In the prior art, such equipment generally uses a rotary pre-filter as the intake pretreatment device. This structure realizes impurity separation through the rotation of the rotor to generate centrifugal force, but its inherent defects have become a bottleneck in the industry: First, the filtration efficiency is insufficient. The coarse filtration efficiency is usually only about 85%, and the separation effect of fine particles decreases significantly. And such particles are precisely the main cause of wear of precision components such as engine cylinder blocks and piston rings. According to the measured data, in the engine intake with a rotary pre-filter, more than 15% of the fine dust still enters the air filter, resulting in a rapid attenuation of the effective filtration area of the filter element.

[0004] Multiple defects of the existing rotary pre-filter in terms of efficiency, resistance, maintenance, and reliability have become the key shortcoming restricting the efficient and economical operation of agricultural machinery and construction machinery. How to break through the limitations of the traditional structure and develop a new type of pre-filter with high separation efficiency, low intake resistance, and intelligent dust removal function has become a technical problem urgently to be solved in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a profiling air intake pre-filter and a filtering method, which improve the particle separation efficiency, reduce the intake resistance, reduce the maintenance frequency of the air filter, and reduce energy consumption and costs by setting a dust removal unit, a filtering and separating unit, and a profiling flow channel design.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a profiling air intake pre-filter, including a housing assembly. The housing assembly is composed of a first housing and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing form a closed cavity through welding. One end of the cavity is provided with an air intake passage inlet, and the other end is provided with an air outlet and a dust removal unit. A filtering and separating unit is arranged inside the cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the filtering and separating unit includes a primary filtration module, a cyclone separation module, and a diversion module.

[0008] The primary filtration module is a filter screen fixedly installed at the inlet of the air intake passage, used to intercept large particle impurities;

[0009] The cyclone separation module includes cyclone vanes and a rectifying cone. The cyclone vanes are spirally distributed in the cavity, and the rectifying cone is located at the air inlet end of the cyclone vanes, used to guide the airflow to generate centrifugal force;

[0010] The diversion module is a diversion cone installed inside the air outlet, used for secondary rectification of the purified gas.

[0011] Preferably, the dust discharge unit includes a dust discharge port and a dust discharge valve. The dust discharge port is arranged at one end of the cavity where the air outlet is located, and the dust discharge port is fixed to the dust discharge valve through a hose clamp.

[0012] Preferably, the air outlet and the cavity are sealed by a sealing strip.

[0013] Preferably, the internal flow path of the cavity gradually contracts in cross-sectional area from the inlet of the air intake passage to the air outlet, so as to enhance the airflow velocity and the centrifugal separation effect.

[0014] Preferably, the filtration accuracy of the filter screen is greater than the separation accuracy of the cyclone separation module.

[0015] The present invention also provides a filtration method using the above-mentioned profiling air intake passage pre-filter, including the following steps:

[0016] S1. Negative pressure air intake: The air outlet is connected to an air filter. During operation, negative pressure is generated to drive the impurity-containing gas to be inhaled from the inlet of the air intake passage;

[0017] S2. Primary filtration interception: The gas passes through the filter screen to preliminarily filter dust and debris with larger particle sizes;

[0018] S3. The gas after primary filtration is guided by the rectifying cone into the cyclone vanes, and under the action of the spiral airflow, centrifugal force is generated, and the impurities are thrown towards the cavity wall and slide down along the wall in a spiral shape to the dust discharge port;

[0019] S4. The dust discharge valve remains closed under negative pressure. When the engine stops or the weight of the ash slag accumulated at the dust discharge port exceeds the negative pressure adsorption force, the dust discharge valve automatically opens, and the impurities are discharged under the action of gravity;

[0020] S5. The separated clean gas is secondarily rectified by the diversion cone and enters the air filter through the air outlet.

[0021] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned profiling air intake passage pre-filter and filtration method, and has the following technical effects:

[0022] (1) High-efficiency separation: Through the hierarchical purification structure that combines the primary filtration module and the cyclone separation module, the particle separation efficiency is improved, and the load on the air filter element is reduced;

[0023] (2) Low-resistance characteristic: The cross-sectional area of the contoured air inlet passage gradually shrinks in design, combined with the straight-through guiding structure of the cyclone blades, reducing the intake air resistance;

[0024] (3) Automatic dust discharge: The rubber dust discharge valve realizes power-free automatic dust discharge by using the dynamic balance of negative pressure and gravity, without manual intervention, reducing the maintenance frequency;

[0025] (4) Compact structure: The housing is integrally formed by hot plate welding, combined with modular assembly, facilitating large-scale production and installation.

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a disassembled schematic diagram of a contoured air inlet pre-filter of the present invention;

[0028] Reference Numerals

[0029] 1. Housing assembly; 11. First housing; 12. Second housing; 2. Cavity; 3. Air inlet; 4. Air outlet; 5. Dust discharge unit; 51. Dust discharge port; 52. Dust discharge valve; 53. Hose clamp; 6. Filter separation unit; 61. Filter screen; 62. Cyclone separation module; 621. Cyclone blade; 622. Rectifying cone; 63. Diverging cone; 7. Sealing strip. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before this word cover the elements or objects listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0032] AsFigure 1 As shown in the figure, a profiling air intake pre-filter includes: a housing assembly 1, which is composed of a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 form a closed cavity 2 through welding to ensure no leakage under a negative pressure environment. One end of the cavity 2 is provided with an air intake inlet 3, and the other end is provided with an air outlet 4 and a dust removal unit 5. The air outlet 4 is sealed with the cavity 2 through a sealing strip 7 and fixed with a clamp. A filter separation unit 6 is arranged inside the cavity 2. The internal flow channel of the cavity 2 gradually contracts in cross-section from the air intake inlet 3 to the air outlet 4 to enhance the air flow velocity and the centrifugal separation effect.

[0033] The filter separation unit 6 includes a primary filter module, a cyclone separation module 62, and a diversion module.

[0034] The primary filter module is a filter net 61 fixedly arranged at the air intake inlet 3, and its filtration accuracy is greater than that of the subsequent cyclone separation module 62, which preferentially intercepts large particle impurities.

[0035] The cyclone separation module 62 includes cyclone vanes 621 and a rectifying cone 622. The cyclone vanes 621 are spirally distributed in the cavity 2, and the rectifying cone 622 is located at the air intake end of the cyclone vanes 621. After the air flow is guided by the rectifying cone 622, it enters the cyclone vanes 621, generating a centrifugal force to make the impurities move towards the wall surface of the cavity 2.

[0036] The diversion module is a diversion cone 63 arranged inside the air outlet 4, which is used for secondary rectification of the purified gas to reduce the air flow pulsation.

[0037] The dust removal unit 5 includes a dust outlet 51 and a dust removal valve 52. The dust outlet 51 is arranged at one end of the cavity 2 where the air outlet 4 is provided. The dust outlet 51 is fixed to the dust removal valve 52 through a hose clamp 53. The dust removal valve 52 automatically closes under the action of negative pressure. When the engine stops or the weight of the ash and slag accumulated at the dust outlet 51 exceeds the negative pressure adsorption force, it automatically opens for dust removal relying on gravity.

[0038] A filtering method based on the above pre-filter includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Negative pressure air intake: The air outlet 4 is connected to an air filter. During operation, negative pressure is generated to drive the impurity-containing gas to be inhaled from the air intake inlet 3.

[0040] S2. Primary filter interception: The gas passes through the filter net 61 to preliminarily filter dust and debris with larger particle sizes.

[0041] S3. The gas after primary filtration is guided by the rectifying cone 622 and enters the cyclone vanes 621. Under the action of the spiral air flow, a centrifugal force is generated, and the impurities are thrown towards the wall surface of the cavity 2 and spiral down along the wall surface to the dust outlet 51.

[0042] S4. The dust exhaust valve 52 remains closed under negative pressure. When the engine stops or the weight of the ash accumulation at the dust exhaust port 51 exceeds the negative pressure adsorption force, the dust exhaust valve 52 automatically opens, and the impurities are discharged under the action of gravity.

[0043] S5. The separated clean gas is rectified for the second time by the flow dividing cone 63 and enters the air filter through the air outlet 4.

[0044] Working principle:

[0045] When the engine is running, the air filter generates negative pressure through the air outlet 4, and the dust exhaust valve 52 closes tightly under the action of negative pressure. The gas containing impurities is inhaled from the intake duct inlet 3. First, large particles of impurities are intercepted by the filter screen 61, and then the air flow is guided into the swirl blades 621 through the rectifying cone 622. The spiral structure of the swirl blades 621 causes the air flow to rotate at high speed, and the impurities are thrown towards the wall surface of the cavity 2 under the action of centrifugal force and slide down along the wall surface in a spiral shape to accumulate at the dust exhaust port 51. The purified gas is rectified for the second time by the flow dividing cone 63 and enters the air filter through the air outlet 4.

[0046] When the engine stops running, resulting in the disappearance of negative pressure, or when the weight of the ash accumulation in the dust exhaust port 51 exceeds the negative pressure adsorption force, the rubber dust exhaust valve 52 automatically opens due to gravity, and the accumulated impurities are discharged from the dust exhaust port 51. After the dust exhaust is completed, the engine restarts to generate negative pressure, and the dust exhaust valve 52 closes again, entering the next round of filtration cycle.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contoured inlet prefilter, characterized in that: It includes a shell assembly, which consists of a first shell and a second shell. The first shell and the second shell are welded to form a closed cavity. An air inlet is provided at one end of the cavity, and an air outlet and a dust exhaust unit are provided at the other end. A filtering and separation unit is provided inside the cavity.

2. A contoured intake duct prefilter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration and separation unit includes a primary filtration module, a cyclone separation module, and a flow guide module. The primary filter module is a filter screen fixedly arranged at the inlet of the air inlet, used to intercept large particles of impurities; The cyclone separation module comprises cyclone blades and a rectifying cone, wherein the cyclone blades are spirally distributed in the cavity, and the rectifying cone is located at the air inlet end of the cyclone blades to guide the airflow to generate centrifugal force; The flow guide module is a flow dividing cone arranged inside the gas outlet and is used for secondary rectification of the purified gas.

3. A contoured intake duct prefilter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust exhaust unit comprises a dust exhaust port and a dust exhaust valve. The dust exhaust port is arranged at one end of the cavity where the air outlet is arranged. The dust exhaust port is fixed to the dust exhaust valve through a throat clamp.

4. A contoured intake duct prefilter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet and the cavity are sealed by a sealing strip.

5. A contoured intake duct prefilter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the internal flow channel of the cavity gradually shrinks from the inlet of the air inlet to the air outlet, so as to enhance the air flow velocity and the centrifugal separation effect.

6. A contoured intake duct prefilter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filtering accuracy of the filter screen is greater than the separation accuracy of the cyclone separation module.

7. A filtering method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Negative pressure intake: The air outlet is connected to the air filter, which generates negative pressure during operation, driving the impurity-containing gas to be sucked in from the air intake entrance; S2. Preliminary filtration and interception: The gas passes through the filter to initially filter out dust and debris with large particle size; S3. The gas after primary filtration is guided into the swirl blades through the rectifying cone. The centrifugal force is generated under the action of the spiral airflow, and the impurities are thrown to the wall of the cavity and spirally slide down along the wall to the dust outlet; S4. The dust discharge valve remains closed under negative pressure. When the engine stops or the weight of ash accumulation at the dust discharge port exceeds the negative pressure adsorption force, the dust discharge valve automatically opens and impurities are discharged under the action of gravity; S5. The clean gas after separation is rectified twice by the splitter cone and enters the air filter through the outlet.

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