Method for determining optimal positioning height of power transmission tower

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of methods for determining optimal positioning height of power transmission tower, belong to power transmission line design field, comprising the following steps: S1, data determination;S2, construct comprehensive evaluation model;S3, obtain positioning height scheme score;S4, screen optimal positioning height scheme.The application can accurately optimize the optimal positioning height of power transmission tower according to user demand by comprehensively considering various boundary constraint conditions and the weight of each constraint condition, with the help of quantitative evaluation model and multi-objective optimization algorithm, effectively improves the design efficiency and accuracy, while effectively reduces the line construction cost, improves the safety, reliability and environmental protection of power transmission line, provides strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power transmission line design technology, specifically a method for determining the optimal positioning height of power transmission towers. Background Technology

[0002] Transmission towers are crucial supporting structures for power transmission lines, and their elevation directly impacts the economic efficiency, environmental friendliness, and safety of these lines. Especially in recent years, with the continuous expansion of the power grid and the sustained growth in electricity demand, the construction of transmission lines has increased significantly, placing higher demands on their economic efficiency, environmental friendliness, and safety.

[0003] Traditional methods for determining the height of power transmission towers primarily rely on the relative relationship between the tower's joints and legs and the terrain profile. This method involves repeated manual comparisons and judgments, resulting in low efficiency, poor accuracy, and an inability to quantify influencing factors. In one project, the use of this traditional method led to excessively high exposed foundation heights at some tower locations, increasing foundation consumption and construction costs.

[0004] In current power grid construction, facing complex geographical environments, meteorological combinations, and increasingly stringent requirements for soil and water conservation and ecological protection, traditional methods for determining the optimal height of transmission towers are gradually revealing their limitations and failing to meet current construction requirements. With the expansion of the power grid and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, there is an urgent need for an intelligent method that quantifies influencing factors to determine the optimal height of transmission towers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the optimal positioning height of transmission towers, solving the problem that the traditional method for determining the positioning height of transmission towers is influenced by experience and cannot quantify the influencing factors, so that the determined positioning height can better meet the actual needs of the project and the expectations of the users.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for determining the optimal positioning height of a power transmission tower, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Data Determination: Based on the initial positioning height, initial tower type and allowable adjustment value of positioning height required by the electrical engineering in the design of the transmission line, determine the various body and leg combinations that meet the requirements and the corresponding diagonal half-bar opening, tower weight and foundation consumption data.

[0008] S2. Construct a comprehensive evaluation model: take each body and leg combination and positioning height as variables, take the optimal comprehensive score within the whole life cycle as the objective function, and incorporate boundary parameters as constraints.

[0009] S3. Obtain the score of the high positioning scheme: Based on the cross-sectional diagram of the tower base provided by the measurement, the least squares fitting plane method and multi-objective optimization algorithm are used, combined with the weight values ​​of each factor set by the user, to solve the comprehensive evaluation model and obtain the scores of a series of possible high positioning schemes.

[0010] S4. Selecting the Optimal Positioning Solution: Rank the comprehensive scores of all positioning solutions. Based on the ranking results and considering other factors, select the optimal positioning solution. If there is only one solution with the highest comprehensive score, then that is the optimal positioning solution. If there is more than one solution with the highest comprehensive score, then other factors need to be considered, such as economic factors.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1, when determining various body and leg connection combinations that meet the requirements, the initial positioning height is corrected to obtain the corrected positioning height:

[0012] Dwg 初始 <<Dwg 修正 <<Dwg 初始 +δ

[0013] Among them, Dwg 修正 --Correct high positioning, Dwg 初始 --The initial positioning height for electrical engineering requirements, referred to as the initial positioning height; δ--The user-defined positioning height allowable adjustment value.

[0014] Furthermore, the boundary constraints include the exposed foundation height, the designed exposed foundation height, the allowable base reduction height, and the positioning height adjustment step size;

[0015] The exposed foundation height is used to define the range of the foundation exposed above the ground.

[0016] The exposed height of the foundation design is used to limit the height difference between the top surface of the foundation and the ground exposed height control point;

[0017] The positioning height adjustment step size is used to control the cycle step size in the positioning height optimization process;

[0018] The allowable base reduction height is used to limit the base reduction height of the tower leg on the uphill side of the sloping terrain.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 2, the formula for calculating the comprehensive score of the objective function is as follows:

[0020] C=C1×ω1+C2×ω2+C3×ω3+C4×ω4

[0021]

[0022] in:

[0023] C1 represents a high score in positioning, x iω1 represents the candidate positioning height, a represents the initial electrical positioning height, M is a preset maximum deviation value used for normalization of the score, which can be taken as δ when high accuracy is required, and as 3δ when accuracy is not required; ω1 represents the weight ratio of the positioning height.

[0024] C2 is the base exposed height score, x 2i ω2 represents the exposed height of each leg of the candidate positioning system; a2 and b2 are the lower and upper limits of the preset interval; k2 is a decay factor with a value of 0 to 1, usually 0.5 or lower; s2 is an adjustment parameter used to control the rate of score decrease when the score exceeds the interval [a2, b2], which can be set according to the actual situation. Usually, s2 = 0.2 × (b2 - a2); ω2 is the weight ratio of the exposed height of the base.

[0025] C3 is the base design for high score, x 3i The basic design height values ​​for each leg of the candidate positioning are: a3 and b3 are the lower and upper limits of the preset interval; k3 is a decay factor with a value of 0 to 1, usually 0.5 or lower; s3 is an adjustment parameter used to control the rate of score decline when the score exceeds the interval [a3, b3], which can be set according to the actual situation. Usually, s3 = 0.2 × (b3 - a3); ω3 is the weight ratio of the basic design height.

[0026] C4 represents the allowed base height score, x 4i Let g4 be the target value (usually 0), d4 be the maximum allowable deviation from the target value (i.e., the maximum allowable height of the base reduction), and λ be the height of the base reduction when x... 4i When the value is less than g4, the parameter that controls the rate of decrease of the C4 value can generally be 3; ω4 is the weight percentage of the allowable base drop height.

[0027] Furthermore, in step 3, the process of obtaining the comprehensive score of the high-positioning solution is as follows:

[0028] First, select the first combination among the various body and leg combinations determined in step 1, and draw a tower leg template with the same proportion as the tower base cross section;

[0029] Next, based on the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the topographic lines of each leg in the tower base section, the least squares fitting plane method is used to obtain the height difference between each tower leg and the topographic line;

[0030] Then, within the set positioning height adjustment range, the comprehensive score of the evaluation model that satisfies the boundary constraint conditions under various positioning height conditions is calculated step by step.

[0031] Finally, the remaining combinations in each of the various body-connecting and leg-connecting combinations are calculated cyclically to obtain the comprehensive score of each positioning height scheme in all combinations.

[0032] Furthermore, in step 4, the steps for selecting the optimal positioning high solution are as follows:

[0033] First, sort the comprehensive scores of each high-positioning scheme from highest to lowest;

[0034] Next, the scores of each sub-item under each scheme are listed, and the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the terrain line of each leg under each scheme is stored;

[0035] Then, users can intuitively view the alternative options based on the overall score ranking. If there are no other special control factors, the option ranked first will be selected as the optimal high-positioning option by default.

[0036] Furthermore, when two or more superior options emerge, an economic comparison function is introduced:

[0037] Cost(x) = Cost1(x) + Cost2(x)

[0038] Where Cost(x) is the overall cost at a certain location and height, Cost1(x) is the cost of the tower at a certain location and height, and Cost2(x) is the cost of the foundation at a certain location and height.

[0039] The comprehensive cost of each better scheme is calculated using an economic comparison function, and the relatively optimal scheme is selected from an economic perspective.

[0040] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By comprehensively considering various constraints and weights, and with the help of quantitative evaluation models and optimization algorithms, the present invention can accurately select the optimal positioning height of transmission towers according to user needs, effectively improving design efficiency and accuracy, while effectively reducing line construction costs, improving the safety, reliability and environmental protection of transmission lines, and providing strong protection for the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 The flowchart below illustrates the method for determining the optimal positioning height of a power transmission tower according to this invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tower base cross-section;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the preferred positioning disclosed in Example 1;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preferred positioning disclosed in Example 2;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the preferred positioning disclosed in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown in the flowchart, the method for determining the optimal location height of a transmission tower includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Data Determination: Based on the initial positioning height, initial tower type, and allowable adjustment value of positioning height required by the electrical engineering in the transmission line design, determine the various body and leg combinations that meet the requirements, as well as the corresponding diagonal half-length opening, tower weight, and foundation consumption data.

[0051] The various combinations obtained here are for the convenience of subsequent programmed optimization. Generally, the data for each combination can be stored in an array for easy retrieval and data management. For example, all the tower data used in this project can be entered into the database by category such as tower type, joint, short leg, long leg, diagonal half-section opening, tower weight, and foundation consumption. At the same time, a search term can be created using the maximum height corresponding to tower type-joint-joint-joint as the keyword. Each search term is followed by the required data such as diagonal half-section opening, tower weight, and foundation consumption.

[0052] When selecting and determining the body and leg fittings that meet the requirements, in order to more comprehensively determine the body and leg fittings, the initial positioning height initially determined by the electrical system can be corrected according to the user-set allowable adjustment value of the positioning height to obtain the corrected positioning height:

[0053] Dwg 初始 < <Dwg 修正 < <Dwg 初始 +δ

[0054] Among them, Dwg 修正 --Correct high positioning, Dwg 初始 --The initial positioning height required by the electrical engineering discipline, referred to as the initial positioning height; δ--the allowable adjustment value of the positioning height, which is set by the user. Since the initial positioning height initially determined by the electrical engineering discipline is a pre-arranged value, in order to allow for appropriate correction of the positioning height during the optimization process, the user can set δ to 1m according to the actual usage.

[0055] Based on the corrected positioning height, all matching body and leg combinations are found. This process involves a lot of screening work. To improve efficiency and avoid missing any combinations, the data in the database can be used to complete the process by a program.

[0056] S2. Construct a comprehensive evaluation model: Take each body and leg combination and positioning height as variables, take the optimal comprehensive score over the entire life cycle as the objective function, and incorporate boundary parameters as constraints.

[0057] The aforementioned boundary constraints include the exposed foundation height, the designed exposed foundation height, the positioning height adjustment step size, and the allowable base reduction height. Specifically, the exposed foundation height defines the range of the foundation exposed above ground; the designed exposed foundation height defines the height difference between the top surface of the foundation and the ground exposure height control point; the positioning height adjustment step size controls the cyclic step size during the positioning height optimization process; and the allowable base reduction height defines the base reduction height of the tower legs on the uphill side of sloping terrain.

[0058] The objective function comprehensively considers the safety, economy, environmental protection requirements, and construction difficulty of the transmission line.

[0059] The range of parameters within the constraints is set by the user according to the actual application scenario and relevant external environment, as follows:

[0060] The positioning height adjustment step size is used to control the cyclic step size of the positioning height during the optimization process. The smaller the value, the more cycles of optimization are performed and the higher the accuracy. Since the accuracy requirements of the positioning height are not too high in transmission line projects, this value is generally set to 0.2m to improve optimization efficiency while taking into account accuracy requirements.

[0061] The exposed foundation height is used to limit the range of the foundation exposed above the ground under various positioning heights and the combination of the body and legs. The higher the exposed height, the greater the construction difficulty. Generally, the minimum is 0.2m to ensure that the foundation exposed above the ground does not accumulate water, and the maximum is 2.0m to control the construction difficulty during foundation pouring. Of course, for tower locations that are submerged, it is also necessary to meet the requirement that the top surface of the foundation is higher than the submerged elevation according to hydrological data.

[0062] The exposed height of the foundation is used to limit the height difference between the top surface of the foundation and the ground exposed height control point under the combination of various positioning heights and connecting legs. The larger the exposed height, the greater the foundation consumption and the greater the earthwork volume. In addition, excessive exposed height also poses a certain risk to the safety of the tower and foundation. Users set this value according to the actual situation and foundation planning. Generally, the minimum is 0.5m and the maximum is 6.0m.

[0063] The allowable base reduction height is mainly used to limit the allowable base reduction height of the tower leg on the uphill side when it is located on a sloping terrain. Although base reduction is generally not allowed during construction in response to environmental protection requirements, for some local irregular terrain, such as the presence of isolated rocks near the tower leg, the removal of isolated rocks can be considered. This parameter is set by the user according to the specific situation, and is generally set to 0m.

[0064] The above constraints are set from multiple dimensions such as safety, economy, environmental protection requirements, and construction difficulty, to ensure that the constructed comprehensive evaluation model can more comprehensively evaluate various body and leg joint combinations and high positioning situations.

[0065] S3. Obtain the score for the high-altitude positioning scheme: Based on the tower base cross-section diagram provided by the measurement, the least squares fitting plane method and multi-objective optimization algorithm are used, combined with the weight values ​​of each constraint condition set by the user, to solve the comprehensive evaluation model and obtain the scores of a series of possible high-altitude positioning schemes. The comprehensive score calculation formula is as follows:

[0066] C=C1×ω1+C2×ω2+C3×ω3+C4×ω4

[0067]

[0068] in:

[0069] C1 represents a high score in positioning, x i ω1 represents the candidate positioning height, a represents the initial electrical positioning height, M is a preset maximum deviation value used for normalization of the score, which can be taken as δ when high accuracy is required, and as 3δ when accuracy is not required; ω1 represents the weight ratio of the positioning height.

[0070] C2 is the foundation exposed height score, used to evaluate the score of the foundation exposed height item. The higher the score, the smaller the deviation of the exposed height of each foundation leg from the predetermined range. This value can also indirectly evaluate the difficulty of foundation construction; a higher score indicates a smaller deviation from the predetermined range and relatively easier construction, while a lower score indicates greater construction difficulty. 2i ω2 represents the basic exposed height of each leg in the candidate positioning position; a2 and b2 are the lower and upper limits of the preset range; k2 is a decay factor with a value of 0 << k2 << 1, usually 0.5 or lower; s2 is an adjustment parameter used to control the rate of score decrease when the score exceeds the range [a2, b2], which can be set according to the actual situation. Usually, s2 = 0.2 × (b2 - a2); ω2 is the weight ratio of the basic exposed height. If the user prefers the basic exposed height value to be strictly within the preset range, the weight value of ω2 can be increased, and the weight values ​​of other values ​​can be decreased.

[0071] The C3-based design exposed height score is used to evaluate the quality of the design exposed height value of the foundation, and to avoid the situation where the design exposed height in the optimal selection result is too large. The higher the C3 score, the smaller the deviation degree of the design exposed height of each leg foundation from the predetermined interval, and at the same time, the smaller the design exposed height value of the foundation. x 3i is the design exposed height value of each leg foundation under the candidate positioning height; a3 and b3 are the lower and upper limits of the preset interval; k3 is a decay factor, 0 < k3 < 1, usually 0.5 or lower; s3 is an adjustment parameter used to control the score decline rate when exceeding the interval [a3, b3], which can be set according to the actual situation. Usually, s3 = 0.2×(b3 - a3); ω3 is the weight ratio of the design exposed height of the foundation. If the user prefers to avoid the optimal selection result with a large design exposed height of the foundation, the ω3 weight value can be increased and other weight values can be decreased.

[0072] The C4 score for the allowable foundation lowering height is used to limit whether the optimal positioning height plan can appropriately lower the foundation. The higher the score, the smaller the deviation degree of the allowable foundation lowering height of each leg from the predetermined target value within the preset maximum offset. At the same time, this value can also be used to evaluate the requirements of environmental protection for water and soil around the mountainous slope terrain. When the predetermined target value is set to 0, it can effectively control the situation of foundation lowering in the optimal selection plan. x 4i is the allowable foundation lowering height of each leg under the candidate positioning height, g4 is the target value (usually 0), d4 is the maximum allowable deviation relative to the target value, that is, the maximum height of allowable foundation lowering; λ is a parameter that controls the C4 value decline rate when x 4i is less than g4, generally可取 3; ω4 is the weight ratio of the allowable foundation lowering height. If the usage scenario has higher requirements for environmental protection of water and soil, the weight value can be increased and other weight values can be decreased.

[0073] The specific process of this step is as follows:

[0074] First, select the first combination in each body-leg connection combination determined in step 1, and at the same time, draw a tower leg template with the same proportion as the tower base section according to the data prepared in the early stage (the drawing process can be completed by writing a program to improve efficiency);

[0075] Next, according to the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the terrain lines of each leg in the tower base section, use the least squares fitting plane method to obtain the height difference between each tower leg and the terrain line;

[0076] Then, within the preset optimal range of positioning height, calculate the comprehensive score of the evaluation model that meets the boundary constraint conditions for each positioning height case step by step;

[0077] Finally, perform a loop calculation on the remaining combinations in each body-leg connection combination to obtain the comprehensive scores of each positioning height plan in all combinations.

[0078] S4. Selecting the Optimal Positioning Solution: Sort the comprehensive scores of each positioning solution, and select the optimal positioning solution based on the sorting results and other factors. The specific steps are as follows:

[0079] First, sort the comprehensive scores of each high-positioning scheme from highest to lowest;

[0080] Next, the scores of each sub-item under each scheme are listed, and the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the terrain line of each leg under each scheme is stored;

[0081] Then, users can intuitively view the alternative options based on the overall score ranking. If there are no other special control factors (such as insufficient tower height), the option ranked first will be selected as the optimal high-positioning option by default.

[0082] Example 1:

[0083] Step 1: Collect relevant preparation data based on the initial tower type and positioning height:

[0084] To facilitate data management and implement programmed optimization, all tower data used in a project are entered into the database by category, such as tower type, joint, short leg, long leg, diagonal half-span opening, tower weight, and foundation consumption. At the same time, search terms are created using the maximum height corresponding to tower type-joint-leg-joint as keywords. Each search term is followed by the required data such as diagonal half-span opening, tower weight, and foundation consumption.

[0085] Step 2: Based on the revised preferred positioning height range, select various body and leg fitting combinations that meet the requirements. In this step, the allowable adjustment value of the positioning height is set to 1.0m, meaning that the allowable adjustment range of the positioning height during the optimization process is Dwg. 初始 ~Dwg 初始 +1.

[0086] Step 3: Construct a comprehensive evaluation model and set the objective function and constraints. The boundary ranges for the constraints in this step are as follows: the positioning height adjustment step is 0.2m; the allowable adjustment value for positioning height is 1.0m; the preset range for exposed foundation height is 0.2m to 2.0m; the preset range for exposed foundation design height is 0.5m to 6.0m; and the allowable base reduction height is 2.0m.

[0087] Step 4: Solve the comprehensive evaluation model and calculate the comprehensive score for each positioning scheme. The formula for calculating the comprehensive score is as follows:

[0088] C=C1×ω1+C2×ω2+C3×ω3+C4×ω4

[0089] Wherein, ω1 is taken as 25%, and the preset maximum deviation value M is taken as δ, for example, M is taken as 1 in this embodiment.

[0090] ω2 is set to 25%, the interval [a2,b2] is set to [0.2,2.0], the attenuation factor k2 is set to 0.5, and the adjustment parameter s2 is set to 0.36.

[0091] ω3 is set to 25%, the interval [a3,b3] is set to [0.5,6.0], the attenuation factor k3 is set to 0.5, and the adjustment parameter s3 is set to 1.1.

[0092] ω4 is set to 25%, the target value g4 is set to 0, and the maximum deviation d4 is set to 2.0.

[0093] Step 5: Rank the scores and determine the optimal positioning high solution:

[0094] The comprehensive scores calculated in step 4 are sorted from high to low, and the scores of each sub-item under each scheme are listed. At the same time, the configuration results of the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the terrain line of each leg under each scheme are stored in each alternative scheme. Users can intuitively view the configuration effect of each alternative scheme according to the comprehensive score sorting. The scheme with the first ranking is selected by default as the final preferred scheme.

[0095] The optimal solution in this embodiment is to minimize the design value of the foundation exposed height and the foundation exposed height within the preset range, with the actual foundation height of each leg being 0, while being closest to the initial positioning height of the electrical components.

[0096] The optimal positioning high scheme obtained in Example 1 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the results are consistent with the expected optimal objective.

[0097] Example 2:

[0098] The same steps as in Example 1 are used, the difference being the value of the lower limit of the preset range for the exposed foundation height. In Example 2, the area where the tower is located is subject to hydrological flooding, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the submerged elevation is 1.4m higher than the elevation of the center pile of the tower. To ensure that the tower legs are not affected by the submerged water level, the top surface of the foundation columns needs to be raised. At this time, the elevation of the top surface of each leg foundation cannot be less than the submerged elevation, that is, the lower limit of the preset range of exposed foundation height cannot be less than 1.4m. In this case, a2 and a3 are set to 1.4m. The optimal positioning height scheme obtained in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0099] Example 3:

[0100] In Example 3, the terrain slope is relatively steep (greater than 35°).

[0101] The same steps as in Example 1 are used, except that the allowable adjustment value for the positioning height is 1.0m in Example 1, while it is 6.0m in this example. In this example, because the set allowable adjustment value for the positioning height is relatively large, the preferred range is expanded. One potentially better solution is to slightly increase the positioning height, but due to the steep slope of the tower location, the exposed height of the foundation design on the downhill side of the tower leg is larger. In this case, the tower cost decreases, but the foundation cost increases. Another potentially better solution is to significantly increase the positioning height (e.g., by replacing it with a higher connecting rod), better utilizing the tower height difference and reducing the exposed height of the foundation design. In this case, the tower cost increases, but the foundation cost decreases. Faced with this situation where there are two or more potentially better solutions, the solution of this invention is to introduce an economic comparison function, calculated as follows:

[0102] Cost(x) = Cost1(x) + Cost2(x)

[0103] Where Cost(x) is the total cost of the foundation of a certain tower at a certain location; Cost1(x) is the cost of the tower at a certain location at a certain location; and Cost2(x) is the cost of the foundation at a certain location at a certain location.

[0104] The above formula compares and selects schemes when there are two or more superior options from an economic perspective, further expanding the applicability and accuracy of the method. Of course, in this case, users need to utilize the tower weight under various joint combinations and the foundation consumption under various foundation design exposure heights obtained from the preliminary data preparation to compare the economics of each scheme during the selection process. Finally, based on the original comprehensive score ranking, a cost comparison is considered, and the user determines the optimal scheme based on the comprehensive score and economic comparison.

[0105] After comparing the economics of the two potentially better options, the second preferred option (which significantly increases the elevation and reduces the exposed foundation height) with the lower overall cost was selected as the optimal elevation option. Figure 5 The scheme shown.

[0106] Engineering practice has shown that the optimal positioning height of the transmission tower obtained in Examples 1, 2 and 3 all meet the actual engineering needs and user expectations.

[0107] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to embodiments thereof, the above embodiments are merely general implementations of the present invention, and the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It should be understood that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the optimal positioning height of a transmission tower, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Data Determination: Based on the initial positioning height, initial tower type and allowable adjustment value of positioning height required by the electrical engineering in the design of the transmission line, determine the various body and leg combinations that meet the requirements and the corresponding diagonal half-bar opening, tower weight and foundation consumption data. S2. Construct a comprehensive evaluation model: take each body and leg combination and positioning height as variables, take the optimal comprehensive score within the whole life cycle as the objective function, and incorporate boundary parameters as boundary constraints. S3. Obtain the score of the high positioning scheme: Based on the cross-sectional diagram of the tower base provided by the measurement, the least squares fitting plane method and multi-objective optimization algorithm are used, combined with the weight values ​​of each factor set by the user, to solve the comprehensive evaluation model and obtain the comprehensive score of a series of possible high positioning schemes. S4. Select the optimal high-positioning solution: Sort the comprehensive scores of each high-positioning solution and select the optimal high-positioning solution. The boundary constraints include the exposed foundation height, the designed exposed foundation height, the allowable base reduction height, and the positioning height adjustment step size. The exposed foundation height is used to define the range of the foundation exposed above the ground. The exposed height of the foundation design is used to limit the height difference between the top surface of the foundation and the ground exposed height control point; The positioning height adjustment step size is used to control the cycle step size in the positioning height optimization process; The allowable base reduction height is used to limit the base reduction height of the tower leg on the uphill side of the sloping terrain; In step 2, the formula for calculating the comprehensive score of the objective function is as follows: ； ； ； ； ； in: To achieve a high score, The candidate is positioned at a high level. For electrical initial positioning high, It is a preset maximum deviation value used to normalize the score; The weighting is based on the position of the highest priority. Basic exposed height score, The exposed height values ​​of the foundations for each leg of the candidate positioning are shown. and These are the lower and upper limits of the preset interval; It is the attenuation factor, with a value ranging from 0 to 1; These are parameters that are adjusted to control deviations from the specified range. , The rate at which the score decreases; The weighting percentage of the basic exposed height; Based on the design, high score is revealed. The design of the exposed height of each leg base is based on the selected positioning height. and These are the lower and upper limits of the preset interval; It is a decay factor with a value ranging from 0 to 1; These are parameters that are adjusted to control deviations from the specified range. , The rate at which the score decreases; The weighting of the basic design exposure height; To allow for a lower base score, The allowable base height reduction for each leg of the candidate positioning system. For the target value, It is the maximum allowable deviation from the target value, i.e., the maximum allowable height of the base reduction; λ is when Less than Time control The parameter representing the rate of decrease in value; The weight percentage for allowing base reduction height.

2. The method for determining the optimal positioning height of a transmission tower as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, when determining the various body and leg fitting combinations that meet the requirements, the initial positioning height is corrected to obtain the corrected positioning height: ； in, --Correct positioning high, --The initial demand for electrical engineering professionals is high, or simply high initial demand; --User-defined high tolerance adjustment value for positioning.

3. The method for determining the optimal positioning height of a transmission tower as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, In step 3, the process of obtaining the comprehensive score of each positioning scheme is as follows: First, select the first combination among the various body and leg combinations determined in step 1, and at the same time, draw a tower leg template with the same proportion as the tower base cross section based on the information prepared in the early stage. Next, based on the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the topographic lines of each leg in the tower base section, the least squares fitting plane method is used to obtain the height difference between each tower leg and the topographic line; Then, within the set positioning height adjustment range, the comprehensive score of the evaluation model that satisfies the boundary constraint conditions under various positioning height conditions is calculated step by step. Finally, the remaining combinations in each body-connecting and leg-connecting combination are calculated cyclically to obtain the comprehensive score of each positioning height scheme in all combinations.

4. The method for determining the optimal positioning height of a transmission tower as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, In step 4, the steps for selecting the optimal positioning high solution are as follows: First, sort the comprehensive scores of each high-positioning scheme from highest to lowest; Next, list the scores for each sub-item under each scheme, and store the relative relationship between the tower leg template and the terrain line of each leg under each scheme; Then, users can intuitively view the alternative solutions based on the overall score ranking. Without other control factors, the solution ranked first is selected by default as the optimal solution with the highest positioning.

5. The method for determining the optimal positioning height of a transmission tower as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: When two or more better options exist, an economic comparison function is introduced: ； in, The overall cost for a given positioning, The cost of a tower at a certain height. The cost of a foundation at a certain elevation; The comprehensive cost of each better scheme is calculated using an economic comparison function, and the relatively optimal scheme is selected from an economic perspective.

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