A large-scale FDM printer and its working method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-scale FDM printer, which has a structure including a printing unit, a transposition unit and a unloading unit. The printing unit includes a main frame and a printing platform is provided in the main frame. The printing platform is connected to a first driving component for controlling its radial upward and downward sliding in the main frame. An extrusion unit is also provided on the top of the main frame. A second driving component for controlling the x-axis or y-axis movement of the extrusion unit seat is also provided in the main frame. A fixing component for fixing a printing plate and a lifting component for lifting the printing plate are provided on the printing platform. The transposition unit includes an assembly base fixed between the main frame and the machine base, a sliding stand is slidably provided on the assembly base, and a clamping mechanism for clamping the printing platform and driving the printing platform to rotate and transpose is provided on the sliding stand. A cooling device is provided on one side of the transposition unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printers, and more particularly, to a large-scale FDM printer and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fused Deposition Manufacturing (FDM), a key branch of 3D printing technology, uses hot-melt materials (such as ABS and PLA) as raw materials and utilizes a unique process to build solid models. Specifically, the material is precisely delivered to the nozzle through a material guide tube under the friction of a feed wheel and a driven wheel. A resistance wire heater at the front of the nozzle melts the material before extruding it and coating it on the work platform to form a single layer. The work platform then descends a certain distance, and the nozzle repeats this process until the entire solid model is printed.

[0003] However, in the current practical application of 3D printing technology, especially for large-scale FDM printers, there are still significant technical bottlenecks in the unloading process. Most existing equipment relies on manual unloading after printing is completed. Since the model is tightly bonded to the printing platform during the printing process, the operator needs to spend a lot of time and energy to separate the model. This is not only inefficient, but also very easy to cause damage or deformation of the model due to improper force during the disassembly process, which cannot meet the needs of industrial mass production for efficient and stable unloading. At the same time, the manual unloading method is difficult to effectively connect with the automated production process, which limits the further promotion and application of 3D printing technology in the field of large-scale manufacturing. In addition, the lack of effective auxiliary unloading structure and automatic unloading mechanism makes it difficult to guarantee the safety and reliability of the unloading process, increasing the potential risks and cost investment in the production process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-scale FDM printer and a working method thereof to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a large-scale FDM printer, comprising a printing unit, a position change unit and a discharge unit, the printing unit comprising a main frame and a printing platform provided in the main frame, the printing platform being connected to a first drive assembly for controlling its radial upward and downward sliding movement in the main frame, an extrusion unit being further provided on the top of the main frame, a second drive assembly for controlling the movement of the extrusion unit seat on the x-axis or y-axis, a fixing assembly for fixing the printing plate and a lifting assembly for lifting the printing plate being provided on the printing platform, the discharge unit comprising a machine The base is provided with a movable base on the top surface of the base, and the top surface of the movable base is provided with a shoveling unit. The top surface of the base is located on one side of the shoveling unit and is also provided with a limiting mechanism for placing the printing plate and limiting the printing plate. The switching unit includes an assembly base fixed between the main frame and the base, and a sliding stand is slidably provided on the assembly base. The sliding stand is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the printing platform and driving the printing platform to rotate and switch positions. A cooling device is provided on one side of the switching unit. The switching unit controls the printing platform to switch to the cooling unit before the unloading unit. The cooling unit is used to cool the printed product.

[0006] The present invention is further configured as follows: two first slide rails are correspondingly arranged on the assembly base plate, first sliders adapted to the two first slide rails are distributed at the four corners of the bottom of the sliding stand, a rotating table is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the sliding stand, the clamping mechanism includes two supporting rods correspondingly arranged on the rotating table, a fixed base plate is commonly installed on the left and right ends of the two supporting rods, two assembly seats are correspondingly installed on the outer side of the top surface of the fixed base plate and the assembly seats are installed with clamping claws, and a first power source for driving the two clamping claws to clamp or release is also installed on the top surface of the fixed base plate.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: two cylinders are correspondingly installed on the top surface of the assembly base, and the cylinder is equipped with a movable plug that separates the cylinder to form two cavities. The movable plug includes a rod and a plug head. A guide hole that passes through the rod is formed at the center of the plug head, and a matching slide rod is slidably arranged in the guide hole. The plug head is formed with a plurality of first matching holes for the two cavities to communicate with each other. The first matching holes are distributed axially along the plug head and are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the central axis. The plug head is fixed with a guide seat at the corresponding position of the two groups of first matching holes, and the guide seat is provided with a plurality of second matching holes that are adapted to the first matching holes. A dynamic adjustment plate is slidably provided on the outside of the guide seat, and the dynamic adjustment plate is provided with a third matching hole that is adapted to the first matching hole and the second matching hole. The two dynamic adjustment plates are rotatably connected to a linkage arm at one end near the guide hole, and the other end of the two linkage arms is rotatably connected to the inner end of the slide rod. The left and right sides of the sliding stand are fixed. The cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and the cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and the cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame.

[0008] The cooling device is configured to cool the machine by cooling the air inlet and outlet ports, the cooling air inlet and outlet ports being connected to the cooling air inlet and outlet ports respectively.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the cooling box has a first liquid inlet joint and a first liquid outlet joint, the first liquid inlet joint is connected to the liquid outlet main joint through a pipeline, the first liquid outlet joint is connected to the solenoid valve through a pipeline, the top surface of the cooling box is open and two limiting slides are correspondingly provided on the front and back sides, the top surface of the cooling box has a cooling cover and the cooling cover has a limiting portion adapted to the two limiting slides, the top surface of the cooling cover is radially distributed with a number of heat sinks, the two heat sinks on the top have hook-shaped disturbance portions, and the surface of each heat sink has a serrated texture.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the reaction tank includes a second liquid inlet joint and a second liquid outlet joint, the second liquid inlet joint is connected to the first liquid pump through a pipeline and the inner end of the second liquid inlet joint has two side channels, the second liquid outlet joint is connected to the main liquid inlet joint through a pipeline, a medium cavity is formed in the center of the interior of the reaction tank and the medium cavity contains a reaction medium, a matching plug is movably arranged in the medium cavity, one end of the top surface of the matching plug has a top column and the outer ring of the top column has a first limiting ring, the inner wall of the medium cavity facing the top column has a contact sensor and the outer ring of the contact sensor has a second limiting ring, and the outer rings of the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring are jointly sleeved with a second spring member.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the liquid feeding tank, the first cavity has a third liquid inlet joint and a third liquid outlet joint, the second cavity has a fourth liquid inlet joint and a fourth liquid outlet joint, the third liquid inlet joint and the fourth liquid inlet joint are respectively connected to the two cooling tanks through pipelines, the third liquid outlet joint and the fourth liquid outlet joint are connected to the merging tank through pipelines, a movable block is slidingly arranged in the first cavity and a plurality of third spring members are arranged between the cavity and the movable block, a movable column is slidingly arranged in the second cavity and the movable column has a driving column extending outside the tank body, the driving column is connected to an external power source to drive it to reciprocate along the second cavity; both cooling tanks are equipped with refrigeration pipes.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the first driving assembly includes four second slide rails fixedly mounted in a main frame and distributed in a rectangular shape, each second slide rail is provided with a second slider, the two second slide rails on the same side are commonly connected to an assembly base, and the printing platform is installed between the two assembly bases; a plurality of first openings are opened at the four corners of the top surface of the printing platform, a first fixed plate is provided below the printing platform at the positions corresponding to the first openings, a lever-type clamping cylinder is fixed on the upper surface of the first fixed plate, a second fixed plate is fixed in the center of the four first fixed plates below the printing platform, two lifting cylinders are fixed on the left and right sides of the second fixed plate, and the output shafts of the lifting cylinders are driven and connected to the lifting parts, and the printing platform is provided with second openings for the lifting parts to move at the positions corresponding to the lifting cylinders; the second driving unit includes two third slide rails correspondingly arranged on the top of the main frame on the left and right, a third slider is slidably provided on the two third slide rails, and a mounting seat is provided on the top surface of the third slider, a fixed base plate is provided between the two mounting seats, and a fourth slide rail is fixed on the top surface of the fixed base plate, the fourth slide rail is equipped with a fourth slider, and the extrusion unit is fixedly connected to the fourth slider.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the shoveling unit includes a gear motor fixedly mounted on the top surface of the movable base, the output shaft of the gear motor is connected to the knife seat and the knife seat is connected to the scraper; the limiting mechanism includes two horizontal plates fixedly mounted on the top surface of the machine base, and a limiting push plate is installed at one end of the two horizontal plates. The top surface of the machine base is located in an enclosed area between the two horizontal plates and the limiting push plates, and a plurality of supporting plates are distributed. The supporting plates are used to provide support for the printing base plate to be scraped, and the horizontal plates and the limiting push plates form an enclosed limit for the printing base plate to be printed; two fifth slide rails are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the machine base at the corresponding position of the movable base, and fifth sliders adapted to the two fifth slide rails are installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the movable base; a supporting table is also installed on one side of the machine base, and a mechanical gripper is fixed on the top surface of the supporting table. The mechanical gripper holds the printed part when shoveling the material and moves the printed part to a preset area for collection after shoveling the material.

[0014] The present invention is further provided as: a working method of a large-scale FDM printer, comprising the following steps: S1: preparing for printing, starting a dynamic cooling mechanism, placing the cooling device in a standby state, installing the printing material onto the extrusion unit, starting the extrusion unit, and according to a preset printing program, the second drive assembly drives the extrusion unit to move along the x-axis or y-axis, stacking the printing material layer by layer on the printing plate, and the first drive assembly cooperates to control the printing platform to slide radially up and down within the main frame to complete the printing of a three-dimensional model; S2: after the product is printed, the first drive assembly drives the printing platform to descend to a preset position, at which time the four lever-type clamping cylinders cancel the clamping of the printing plate, and the two lifting cylinders drive the lifting member to lift the printing plate upward for a distance so that its height is adapted to the transposition unit. S3: The transposition and cooling are operated in coordination. The clamping mechanism of the transposition unit is provided with a double clamping end. Before the current printing is completed, the previous printing base plate has completed the scraping process in the scraping unit, and one of the clamping ends of the clamping mechanism has clamped the printing base plate after scraping; when the printing unit completes this printing, the clamping mechanism clamps the printing base plate with the printed product; the sliding stand moves along the assembly base plate slide rail to the corresponding position of the cooling device, and the rotating table drives the two printing base plates to rotate 90° clockwise, so that the printing base plate with the printed product is transferred to the cooling area; after the sensor on the surface of the cooling device frame detects that the printing base plate has entered, the fluid driving element is immediately started; at the same time, the cooling device is linked to the dynamic cooling mechanism, and the reaction tank senses the fluid temperature in real time, and the fluid is intelligently controlled based on the temperature data in the first cooling area. Switch between the warm circuit or the second cooling circuit to achieve efficient cooling; S4: automatic unloading, after the cooling is completed, the transposition unit drives the two printing bases to rotate 90° clockwise again to complete the transposition; the sliding stand first transfers the empty printing base to the printing unit for subsequent printing, and then transfers the printing base carrying the printed product to the enclosed limit interval of the unloading unit; the movable base drives the shoveling unit to move to the printing base, and the gear motor drives the shovel to separate the printed product from the plate; in this process, the limiting mechanism firmly limits the printing plate, and the mechanical gripper synchronously assists in holding the printed part; after the shoveling is completed, the mechanical gripper transfers the printed part to the preset collection area; S5: equipment reset, each unit performs the reset operation, completes the equipment status initialization, and prepares for the next printing task.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Addressing the low efficiency of manual unloading in the prior art, the present invention achieves fully automated operations from printing, cooling, to unloading through the coordinated cooperation of an unloading unit, a position change unit, and a printing unit. A movable base drives the shoveling unit to automatically shovel out the finished printed product, while a mechanical gripper automatically transfers the printed part, avoiding the tedious process of manual disassembly, significantly shortening unloading time, and improving production efficiency. This allows for better adaptation to the needs of industrialized mass production, effectively resolving the difficulty of integrating existing technologies with automated production processes.

[0016] 2. In the prior art, manual unloading can easily damage or deform the model. This invention uses a limiting mechanism to firmly limit the printing plate. A mechanical gripper supports the printed part while scraping the material, ensuring a smooth and safe unloading process. This prevents damage or deformation of the printed product due to external forces, thereby improving the product qualification rate. At the same time, the adaptive damping adjustment structure in the transposition unit ensures the smooth sliding of the sliding frame, preventing damage to the printed product due to shaking during the transposition process, further improving the reliability of the unloading process.

[0017] 3. Compared to the relatively simple printing control methods of traditional FDM printers, the printing unit of this invention achieves precise motion control of the print platform and extruder unit through the precise coordination of the first and second drive assemblies, ensuring the accuracy of material accumulation during printing and improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the printed model. The dynamic cooling mechanism of the cooling device can intelligently switch the cooling circuit according to the temperature of the printed product, ensuring rapid and uniform cooling of the printed product, effectively avoiding quality issues such as deformation and warping caused by high temperature, and further improving printing quality.

[0018] 4. The present invention's automated unloading and production process reduces manual intervention and labor costs. Furthermore, the efficient and stable production process reduces material waste and product loss due to improper unloading, further reducing production costs. Furthermore, the equipment's structural design facilitates maintenance, reducing maintenance costs and downtime, thereby achieving cost control and efficiency improvements in multiple aspects.

[0019] 5. The modular design of this invention allows each unit (printing unit, transposition unit, unloading unit, etc.) to be flexibly adjusted and configured according to different production needs. It can adapt to printing tasks of different sizes and types, enhancing the adaptability and versatility of the equipment. It provides strong support for the application expansion of 3D printing technology in more fields and effectively breaks through the limitations of existing technologies in terms of application scope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the printing unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the printing platform of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding stand and the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the unloading unit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the sliding stand and the cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the guide seat and the dynamic adjustment plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the sliding stand and two cylinders of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of air outlet distribution of the cooling air chamber of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic cooling mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the cooling box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the liquid feeding tank of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 13 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the reaction tank of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1: Printing unit; 100: Main frame; 101: Printing platform; 102: Extrusion unit; 103: Printing plate; 2: Transposition unit; 200: Assembly base plate; 201: Sliding stand; 202: First slide rail; 203: First slider; 204: Rotating table; 205: Support rod; 206: Fixed base plate; 207: Assembly seat; 208: Clamping jaw; 209: First power source; 3: Unloading unit; 300: Machine base; 301: Movable base; 302: Shoveling unit; 303: Gear motor; 304: Blade seat; 305: Shovel blade; 306: Horizontal plate; 307: Limiting plate; 308: Support plate; 309: Fifth slide rail; 3 10. Fifth slider; 311. Support plate; 312. Mechanical gripper; 4. Cooling device; 400. Frame; 401. Vertical plate; 402. Cooling air chamber; 403. Air outlet; 404. Fluid drive element; 405. Cooling pipe; 406. Liquid inlet connector; 407. Liquid outlet connector; 5. Cylinder; 500. Movable plug; 501. Rod; 502. Plug head; 503. Guide hole; 504. Matching slide; 505. First matching hole; 506. Guide seat; 507. Second matching hole; 508. Dynamic adjustment plate; 509. Third matching hole; 510. Linkage arm; 511. Extension plate; 512. Vertical plate; 513. Limiting ring; 51 4. Limiting sleeve; 515. First spring member; 6. Cooling box; 600. Solenoid valve; 601. Merging tank; 602. First liquid pump; 603. Reaction tank; 604. Second liquid pump; 605. Cooling tank; 606. First liquid inlet connector; 607. First liquid outlet connector; 608. Limiting chute; 609. Limiting portion; 610. Heat sink; 611. Second liquid inlet connector; 612. Second liquid outlet connector; 613. Side channel; 614. Medium chamber; 615. Matching plug; 616. Top column; 617. First limiting ring; 618. Contact sensor; 619. Second limiting ring; 620. Second spring member; 7. First chamber; 700. Second chamber; 701. Third liquid inlet connector; 702. Third liquid outlet connector; 703. Fourth liquid inlet connector; 704. Fourth liquid outlet connector; 705. Movable block; 706. Third spring member; 707. Movable column; 708. Driving column; 709. Liquid feeding tank; 8. Second slide rail; 800. Second slider; 801. Assembly base plate; 802. First opening; 803. First fixed plate; 804. Lever-type clamping cylinder; 805. Second fixed plate; 806. Lifting cylinder; 807. Lifting member; 808. Second opening; 809. Third slide rail; 810. Third slider; 811. Mounting seat; 812. Fixed base plate; 813. Fourth slide rail; 814. Fourth slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1-13 As shown, a large-scale FDM printer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a printing unit 1, a transposition unit 2, and a discharge unit 3. The printing unit 1 includes a main frame 100 and a printing platform 101 is provided in the main frame 100. The printing platform 101 is connected to a first driving component for controlling its radial upward and downward sliding in the main frame 100. An extrusion unit 102 is further provided on the top of the main frame 100. A second driving component for controlling the movement of the extrusion unit 102 on the x-axis or y-axis is further provided in the main frame 100. A fixing component for fixing a printing plate 103 and a lifting component for lifting the printing plate 103 are provided on the printing platform 101. The discharge unit 3 includes a base 300 and a top surface of the base 300 is provided with a A movable base 301 is provided with a shoveling unit 302 on the top surface of the movable base 301. The top surface of the machine base 300 is located on one side of the shoveling unit 302 and is also provided with a limiting mechanism for placing the printing plate 103 and limiting the printing plate 103. The transposition unit 2 includes an assembly base 200 fixed between the main frame 100 and the machine base 300. A sliding stand 201 is slidingly provided on the assembly base 200. The sliding stand 201 is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the printing platform 101 and driving the printing platform 101 to rotate and transpose. A cooling device 4 is provided on one side of the transposition unit 2. The transposition unit 2 controls the printing platform 101 to transpose to the cooling unit before passing through the unloading unit 3. The cooling unit is used to cool the printed product.

[0037] During use, according to the preset printing program, the second drive component drives the extrusion unit 102 to move along the x-axis or y-axis, and stacks the printing material layer by layer on the printing plate 103. The first drive component cooperates to control the printing platform 101 to slide up and down radially in the main frame 100 to complete the three-dimensional model printing; after the product printing is completed, the first drive component drives the printing platform 101 to descend to the preset position. At this time, the limit mechanism cancels the clamping of the printing plate 103, and the lifting component lifts the printing plate 103 upward for a distance so that its height is adapted to the transposition unit 2; the clamping mechanism of the transposition unit 2 has two clamping ends. Before printing is completed, the previous printing base plate completes the shoveling at the shoveling unit 302, and one of the clamping ends of the clamping mechanism clamps the printing base plate after shoveling. After the printing unit 1 completes printing, the clamping mechanism driven by the transposition clamps / holds the printing base plate with the printed product, and the sliding stand 201 moves along the assembly base plate The slide rail on 200 slides to the corresponding position of the cooling device 4. At this time, the rotating table 204 drives the two printing base plates to rotate 90° clockwise, which prompts the printing base plate with the printed product to rotate to the cooling device 4. A sensor is set on the surface of the frame 400 of the cooling device 4. When the sensor senses that the printing base plate enters the cooling area, the fluid driving element 404 is started for cooling. The printed product is cooled by the cooling device 4. The cooling device 4 is connected to a dynamic cooling mechanism. The reaction tank 603 senses the fluid temperature and intelligently controls the fluid to flow through the first cooling circuit or the second cooling circuit to achieve efficient cooling; after the cooling is completed, the transposition unit 2 drives the two printing platforms 101 to continue to rotate 90°. At this time, the two printing platforms 101 complete the transposition, and the sliding stand 201 first places the empty printing base plate into the printing unit 1 for subsequent printing, and then places the printing base plate with the printed product into the unloading unit 3 for unloading.

[0038] Two first slide rails 202 are correspondingly arranged on the bottom plate, and first sliders 203 adapted to the two first slide rails 202 are distributed at the four corners of the bottom of the sliding stand 201. A rotating table 204 is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the sliding stand 201. The clamping mechanism includes two supporting rods 205 correspondingly arranged on the rotating table 204. The left and right ends of the two supporting rods 205 are jointly installed with a fixed base plate 206. Two assembly seats 207 are correspondingly installed on the outer side of the top surface of the fixed base plate 206, and the assembly seat 207 is installed with a clamping claw 208. The top surface of the fixed base plate 206 is also installed with a first power source 209 for driving the two clamping claws 208 to clamp or release.

[0039] During use, in the actual operation process, the transposition unit 2 is precisely controlled by the external control system, and each first slider 203 is electrically connected to the external control system. When a control command is received, the first slider 203 is driven by the control system to slide back and forth along the two first slide rails 202, thereby driving the sliding stand 201 to move back and forth along the bottom plate in the left and right directions. The rotating table 204 adopts the electric rotating table 204 of the existing technology, which can quickly and stably drive the clamping mechanism to rotate according to the preset program, thereby realizing the transposition requirement of the printing platform 101 between different workstations; the action execution of the clamping mechanism depends on the first power source 209 (preferably a "telescopic cylinder"). When the printing platform 101 needs to be clamped, the external control The control system sends a command to the first power source 209 to drive the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder to retract. The output shaft of the first power source 209 is connected to a drive plate. The matching rods of the two clamping jaws 208 are both connected to the drive plate. As the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder retracts, the drive plate moves accordingly. Through the linkage with the matching rod, the driving force is transmitted to the two clamping jaws 208, causing the clamping jaws 208 to move toward each other to complete the clamping action, thereby firmly fixing the printing base plate; when the printing base plate needs to be released, the control system controls the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder to extend outward, and the drive plate drives the matching rod to move in the opposite direction, causing the clamping jaws 208 to open and release the clamping of the printing base plate. The entire clamping and releasing process responds quickly and the positioning is accurate, ensuring the stability and safety of the printing platform 101 during the transposition process.

[0040] Two cylinders 5 are correspondingly mounted on the top surface of the assembly base 200. The cylinder 5 is equipped with a movable plug 500 that separates the cylinder 5 into two cavities. The movable plug 500 includes a rod 501 and a plug head 502. A guide hole 503 is formed at the center of the plug head 502, which passes through the rod 501. A matching slide rod 504 is slidably arranged in the guide hole 503. The plug head 502 is formed with a plurality of first matching holes 505 for mutual communication between the two cavities. The first matching holes are distributed axially along the plug head 502 and are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the central axis. The plug head 502 is located between the two groups of first matching holes. The corresponding holes are fixed with a guide seat 506, and the guide seat 506 is provided with a plurality of second matching holes 507 adapted to the first matching holes 505. A dynamic adjustment plate 508 is slidingly provided on the outer side of the guide seat 506, and the dynamic adjustment plate 508 is provided with a third matching hole 509 adapted to the first matching hole 505 and the second matching hole 507. The two dynamic adjustment plates 508 are rotatably connected to the linkage arm 510 at one end close to the guide hole 503, and the other end of the two linkage arms 510 is rotatably connected to the inner end of the slide rod. Two extension plates 511 are fixed on the left and right sides of the sliding stand 201, and the extension plates 511 are fixed on the left and right sides of the sliding stand 201. The outer end of 11 is connected with a vertical plate 512, and the end of the matching slide rod 504 away from the linkage arm 510 is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 512. The outer ring of the end of the movable plug 500 rod 501 away from the plug head 502 is formed with a limit ring 513, and a limit sleeve 514 is formed at the connection between the vertical plate 512 and the matching slide rod 504. The matching slide rod 504 extends through and extends into the limit sleeve 514 and is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the limit sleeve 514. The rod 501 extends through and extends into the limit sleeve 514 and the outer ring has a limit ring 513. The limit ring 513 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the limit sleeve 514. A first spring member 515 is sleeved between the walls; when the sliding stand 201 slides left and right, the cooperation between the vertical plate 512 and the mating slide rod 504 drives the movable plug 500 to slide in the cylinder 5 to ensure the smooth sliding of the sliding stand 201. When the sliding stand 201 slides, the vertical plate 512 applies force to the mating slide rod 504, and the mating slide rod 504 drives the dynamic adjustment plate 508 to slide back and forth along the guide seat 506 through the cooperation with the linkage arm 510, thereby changing the effective flow aperture of the liquid flow channel between the third mating hole 509 and the second mating hole 507.

[0041] During use, during the operation of a large-scale FDM printer, the stable sliding of the sliding stand 201 is crucial to the printing quality and equipment safety. Unstable sliding of the sliding stand 201 is prone to the following problems: Unstable sliding causes the clamping mechanism to bear uneven external force, making it difficult for the clamping mechanism to maintain a stable clamping force on the printing plate, reducing its clamping effect on the printing plate, and the printing plate may be slightly displaced during the clamping movement. The vibration of the sliding stand 201 may also cause the parts of the clamping mechanism to loosen, further weakening its clamping performance, and may even cause a serious accident of the printing plate falling off; during the printing process, the unstable sliding stand 201 will generate shaking force, and the printing plate that has just been printed will be easily damaged. The printed product has not yet completely cooled and solidified, and its structural strength is relatively low. Shaking forces can cause the printed product to deform, destroying its original design shape and dimensional accuracy. For some delicate and complex printed models, this deformation may damage the model structure and make it unusable. In severe cases, shaking forces can also cause the printed product to tilt and fall off the printing plate, resulting in material waste and production delays. Specifically, in the present invention, when the sliding stand 201 slides back and forth along the assembly base 200, it drives the movable plug 500 to reciprocate within the cylinder 5. The plug head 502 and the liquid within the cylinder 5 create a damping buffer, which can effectively weaken the impact force during the sliding process and ensure that the clamping mechanism stably clamps the printing plate.

[0042] In response to the drifting force or inertial force generated by the electric slider at the moment of starting and stopping, the present invention innovatively optimizes the structure of the movable plug 500. During normal operation, the dynamic adjustment plate 508 is in the initial position, and its third matching hole 509 overlaps with the second matching hole 507 of the guide seat 506. At this time, the liquid flow aperture formed by the first matching hole 505, the second matching hole 507 and the third matching hole 509 reaches the maximum value, and the fluid in the cylinder 5 maintains the stable operation of the sliding stand 201 with a conventional damping force; when the sliding stand 201 is affected by the drifting force or inertial force and slides unstably, the matching slide rod 504 overcomes the elasticity of the first spring member 515 under the action of the impact force. The piston 502 is moved along the guide hole 503 toward the interior of the cylinder 5 to eliminate resistance. The two dynamic adjustment plates 508 are driven to slide in opposite directions along the guide seat 506 through the articulated transmission of the linkage arm 510, thereby changing the overlapping area of the third matching hole 509 and the second matching hole 507, thereby reducing the effective aperture of the liquid flow channel. The reduced aperture causes a surge in fluid flow resistance, and the damping force of the plug head 502 is instantly increased, effectively absorbing the drifting force or inertial force without hindering the normal movement of the sliding frame 201, thus achieving adaptive dynamic adjustment. This mechanism ensures that the sliding frame 201 can maintain stable radial sliding under various working conditions, effectively avoiding displacement and vibration problems caused by external interference.

[0043] In addition, to ensure smooth operation of the shifting mechanism throughout its entire stroke, when the sliding stand 201 moves to the left and right extreme positions, the extension plates 511 on both sides extend into the corresponding areas of the printing unit 1 and the unloading unit 3 respectively; sufficient hollow space is reserved at the bottom of the main frame 100 of the printing unit 1, and a through hole is provided at the base 300 of the unloading unit 3 (see the appendix of the manual for details). Figure 5 ), so that the extension plate 511 can move through it without obstacles, avoiding mechanical interference, and ensuring the precise replacement and efficient connection of the printing platform 101 between the printing, cooling, and unloading stations.

[0044] The cooling device 4 includes a frame 400 and a vertical plate 401 formed on the top surface of the frame 400. Two cooling air chambers 402 are correspondingly provided at the front end of the vertical plate 401, and a plurality of air outlets 403 are opened at the front end of the cooling air chamber 402. Fluid driving elements 404 are fixed at the front end of the cooling air chamber 402 corresponding to each air outlet 403. A plurality of cooling pipes 405 are commonly passed through the two cooling air chambers 402. Each cooling pipe 405 is commonly connected to a liquid inlet main joint 406 and a liquid outlet main joint 407. The liquid inlet main joint 406 and the liquid outlet main joint 407 are commonly connected to a dynamic cooling mechanism. The dynamic cooling mechanism includes a first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit. The first cooling circuit The cooling box 6 includes a cooling box 6, a solenoid valve 600, a merging tank 601, a first liquid pump 602 and a reaction tank 603. The cooling box 6 is connected to the liquid outlet main connector 407 through a pipeline, and the reaction tank 603 is connected to the liquid inlet main connector 406 through a pipeline. The second cooling circuit includes a second liquid pump 604 and two cooling tanks 605. The two cooling tanks 605 are connected to a liquid feeding tank 709 and the liquid feeding tank 709 is connected to the merging tank 601 through a pipeline. The reaction tank 603 senses the fluid temperature to control the fluid to flow through the first cooling circuit or the second cooling circuit; the cooling box 6 has a first liquid inlet connector 606 and a first liquid outlet connector 607. The first liquid inlet connector 606 is connected to the first cooling circuit or the second cooling circuit through a pipeline. The cooling box 6 has an opening on the top and two limiting chutes 608 on the front and rear sides. The cooling box 6 has a cooling cover on the top and the cooling cover has a limiting portion 609 that matches the two limiting chutes 608. The cooling cover has a plurality of radiating fins 610 distributed radially on the top. The two radiating fins 610 on the top have a hook-shaped disturbance portion, and the surface of each radiating fin 610 has a serrated texture. The reaction tank 603 includes a second liquid inlet connector 611 and a second liquid outlet connector 612. The second liquid inlet connector 611 is connected to the first liquid pump 602 through a pipeline and the second liquid outlet connector 612 is connected to the second liquid pump 602 through a pipeline. The inner end of the liquid connector 611 has two side channels 613. The second liquid outlet connector 612 is connected to the liquid inlet main connector 406 via a pipeline. A medium chamber 614 is formed in the center of the reaction tank 603 and contains a reaction medium. A mating plug 615 is movably provided in the medium chamber 614. A top end of the mating plug 615 has a top column 616, and the outer ring of the top column 616 has a first limiting ring 617. A contact sensor 618 is provided on the inner wall of the medium chamber 614 facing the top column 616, and the outer ring of the contact sensor 618 has a second limiting ring 619. The outer rings of the first limiting ring 617 and the second limiting ring 619 are jointly sleeved with a second spring member 620.The liquid delivery tank 709 is formed with a first cavity 7 and a second cavity 700. The first cavity 7 has a third liquid inlet connector 701 and a third liquid outlet connector 702, while the second cavity 700 has a fourth liquid inlet connector 703 and a fourth liquid outlet connector 704. The third and fourth liquid inlet connectors 701 and 703 are respectively connected to the two cooling tanks 605 via pipelines. The third and fourth liquid outlet connectors 702 and 704 are connected to the merging tank 601 via pipelines. A movable block 705 is slidably disposed within the first cavity 7, with multiple third spring members 706 disposed between the cavity and the movable block 705. A movable column 707 is slidably disposed within the second cavity 700, and the movable column 707 has a drive column 708 extending outside the tank body. The drive column 708 is connected to an external power source to drive it to reciprocate along the second cavity 700. Both cooling tanks 605 have built-in refrigeration pipes.

[0045] During use, during the cooling process of the large-scale FDM printer, the fluid driving element 404 (preferably a "waterproof fan"), when the device is started, the fan starts to run at high speed, and through the principle of aerodynamics, the low-temperature gas in the cooling air chamber 402 is blown out from the air outlet 403 in a direction and accurately delivered to the printed product area at the front end of the vertical plate 401. The strong cold air flow can quickly take away the heat from the surface of the printed product, achieve rapid cooling, and effectively avoid quality problems such as deformation and warping of the finished product caused by high temperature. During the entire cooling process, the fan works in conjunction with the cooling pipe 405 and the dynamic cooling mechanism to maintain a stable cooling effect by continuously circulating the low-temperature gas and coolant; wherein, each air outlet 403 is installed with a waterproof and breathable membrane, which can not only ensure that the fan can smoothly extract the cold air in the cooling air chamber 402, but also effectively prevent the water vapor in the cold air from entering the fan, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the equipment; at the same time, a number of air inlets are opened on both sides of the cooling air chamber 402 (see the attached manual for details). Figure 9 The left and right sides of the cooling air chamber 402 are air inlets. Preferably, the air inlets can be set to one-way air inlet to prevent the cold air in the cooling air chamber 402 from leaking out and ensure efficient air circulation);

[0046] The first cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit of dynamic cooling mechanism cooperate with each other to realize efficient cooling of cooling liquid. The first cooling circuit drives cooling liquid circulation by the first liquid pump 602, passes through cooling box 6, electromagnetic valve 600, confluence tank 601, the first liquid pump 602 and reactor 603 in sequence. Cooling liquid conducts heat to the cooling upper cover at cooling box 6, realizes physical cooling by heat sink 610, and its power consumption and cost are relatively low. The second cooling circuit starts when reactor 603 senses physical cooling and cannot meet demand, and electromagnetic valve 600 closes the first cooling circuit, and the second liquid pump 604 drives cooling liquid to pass through cooling box 6, electromagnetic valve 600, the second liquid pump 604 and two cooling tanks 605 in sequence, and refrigeration effect is stronger but energy consumption is higher. By the thermal expansion and contraction liquid medium in reactor 603 and the action of matching plug 615, realize the automatic switching of cooling circuit, ensure that maximizing the saving of cooling cost while ensuring efficient cooling.

[0047] The first cooling circuit includes a cooling box 6, a solenoid valve 600, a merging tank 601, a first liquid pump 602, and a reaction tank 603. During operation, the first liquid pump 602 is started, and the first liquid pump 602 provides a conveying power source for the fluid flow in the first fluid passage, so that the water in the cooling pipe 405 is circulated and conveyed and passes through the cooling box 6, the solenoid valve 600, the merging tank 601, the first liquid pump 602, and the reaction tank 603 in sequence, and finally flows back to the cooling pipe 405. When the cooling water passes through the cooling box 6, the water conducts heat to the cooling cover. The top surface of the cooling cover is radially distributed with a plurality of heat sinks 610. The heat sinks 610 dissipate heat from the cooling cover to achieve physical cooling of the coolant. The cooling cover is slidably mounted on the top of the cooling box 6 through the limit parts 609 on both sides, which is convenient for daily maintenance and replacement.

[0048] The water cooled by the first cooling circuit or the second cooling circuit will be returned to the cooling pipe 405 after passing through the reaction tank 603. The reaction tank 603, as the core control component of the dynamic cooling mechanism, realizes the intelligent switching of the cooling circuit through heat conduction and mechanical linkage. When the coolant flows into the reaction tank 603 through the second liquid inlet joint 611 and the branch channel 613, the shell of the medium cavity 614 made of high thermal conductivity material quickly transfers the heat of the coolant to the internal thermal expansion and contraction liquid medium. If the physical cooling of the first cooling circuit cannot meet the cooling demand, the volume expansion of the medium after heating generates thrust, prompting the matching plug 615 to overcome the elastic resistance of the second spring member 620 and slide upward along the axial direction of the medium cavity 614; as the matching plug 615 moves, its top The top column 616 of the upper part contacts the contact sensor 618. This signal change triggers the control system to activate the second cooling circuit, causing the equipment to switch to a working mode with higher energy consumption but stronger cooling effect, ensuring that the coolant is fully cooled. To ensure the reliability of the mechanism operation, a limit ring is set inside the reaction tank 603 to accurately limit the maximum downward movement of the matching plug 615. At the same time, a liquid replacement joint is reserved in the medium cavity 614 to facilitate regular replacement or maintenance of the reaction medium and prevent the degradation of the medium performance from affecting the temperature control accuracy. This purely mechanical response mechanism based on thermal expansion and contraction characteristics does not require complex sensors and electronic components, and realizes real-time monitoring of the coolant temperature and automatic switching of the cooling strategy, thereby reducing equipment costs while improving the stability and durability of the system.

[0049] When the reaction tank 603 triggers the second cooling circuit to start, the system enters the high-efficiency refrigeration mode, the solenoid valve 600 responds quickly, closes the fluid passage between the reaction tank 603 and the junction tank 601, and opens the connection channel with the second liquid pump 604 at the same time, stops the first liquid pump 602, and the second liquid pump 604 starts immediately to provide power for the coolant circulation. Driven by the second liquid pump 604, the water in the cooling pipe 405 flows through the cooling box 6, the solenoid valve 600, and the second liquid pump 604 in turn, and then is diverted to the two cooling tanks 605 with built-in refrigeration pipes (one side of the cooling tank 605 is provided with an inlet for the refrigeration pipe to be inserted) for deep refrigeration; in this process, the liquid delivery tank 709 In synchronous operation, the two alternately switched sliding paths of the driving column 708 sequentially and intermittently transport the refrigerated water in the two cooling tanks 605 to the merging tank 601; after the refrigerated coolant is collected in the merging tank 601, it passes through the first liquid pump 602 and the reaction tank 603 in sequence, and finally flows back to the cooling pipe 405. As the coolant temperature drops, the thermal expansion and contraction medium in the reaction tank 603 contracts, and the plug 615 is reset under the action of the second spring member 620. In actual application, the user can flexibly set the single working time of the second cooling circuit through the external control system (for example, each time the contact sensor 618 is triggered, the second cooling circuit will continue to operate for 5-15 minutes);

[0050] 704, and the third liquid outlet joint 702 is provided with a one-way liquid inlet valve. The water in the warming tank 605 is sucked into the first cavity 7, and the water in one of the cooling tanks 605 is intermittently sent to the merging tank 601 through the above-mentioned reciprocating action; in the second working path, the movable column 707 does not block the fourth liquid inlet joint 703 and the fourth liquid outlet joint 704 and does not contact the movable block 705. Each time the movable column 707 moves to the left, the water in the second cavity 700 is squeezed out from the fourth liquid outlet joint 704 to the merging tank 601. Each time the movable column 707 is reset to the right, the water in the other cooling tank 605 is sucked into the second cavity 700 through the fourth liquid inlet joint 703, and the water in the other cooling tank 605 is intermittently sent to the merging tank 601 through the above-mentioned reciprocating action; the sliding path of the driving column 708 is intermittently switched by an external power source, so that the two cooling tanks 605 discharge liquid at intervals, ensuring that each cooling tank 605 has enough time to fully cool the water, thereby ensuring a stable supply of coolant and the reliability of the cooling effect. The entire cooling device 4 achieves accurate and efficient cooling of the printed product through the coordinated work of various components, effectively improving the printing quality and the stability of the equipment.

[0051] The first driving assembly includes four second slide rails 8 fixedly installed in the main frame 100 and distributed in a rectangular shape, and each second slide rail 8 is provided with a second slider 800, and the two second sliders 800 on the same side are commonly connected to the assembly base plate 801, and the printing platform 101 is installed between the two assembly base plates 801; a plurality of first openings 802 are opened at the four corners of the top surface of the printing platform 101, and a first fixed plate 803 is provided below the printing platform 101 at the corresponding position of each first opening 802, and a lever-type clamping cylinder 804 is fixed on the upper surface of the first fixed plate 803, and a second fixed plate 805 is fixed in the center of the four first fixed plates 803 below the printing platform 101, and the left and right sides of the second fixed plate 805 are fixed correspondingly. Two lifting cylinders 806 are installed and the output shaft drive connection of the lifting cylinder 806 is connected to the lifting part 807. The printing platform 101 is located at the corresponding position of each lifting cylinder 806 and is provided with a second opening 808 for the lifting part 807 to move; the second driving unit includes two third slide rails 809 correspondingly arranged on the top of the main frame 100 on the left and right sides, and the two third slide rails 809 are both slidably provided with a third slider 810 and the top surface of the third slider 810 has a mounting seat 811, a fixed base plate 812 is provided between the two mounting seats 811 and the top surface of the fixed base plate 812 is fixedly installed with a fourth slide rail 813, the fourth slide rail 813 is matched with a fourth slider 814 and the extrusion unit 102 is fixedly connected to the fourth slider 814.

[0052] When in use, during the printing operation of the large-scale FDM printer, the printing material is first accurately installed on the extrusion unit 102. After the extrusion unit 102 is started, the second drive component accurately drives the extrusion unit 102 to move along the x-axis or y-axis according to the preset printing program. During this period, the extrusion unit 102 stacks the printing material layer by layer on the printing plate 103 according to the design requirements of the model. The first drive component controls the printing platform 101 to slide up and down radially within the main frame 100 to achieve layer-by-layer printing of the three-dimensional model, ensuring that the printed model has high precision and high quality. When the product printing task is completed, the first drive component drives the printing platform 101 to descend to a preset position. At this time, the four lever-type clamping cylinders 804 cancel the clamping operation on the printing plate 103, making the printing plate 103 in a movable state. Then, the two lifting cylinders 806 start working, driving the "L"-shaped lifting member 807 to lift the printing plate 103 upward for a distance, so that the height of the printing plate 103 is adapted to the height of the transposition unit 2. This design facilitates the subsequent clamping mechanism of the transposition unit 2 to accurately and stably clamp the printing platform 101, realizing the smooth replacement of the printing platform 101 and preparing for subsequent operations such as unloading. This effectively improves the overall working efficiency and automation level of the printer, ensures smooth connection between each unit, and guarantees the continuity and stability of printing work.

[0053] The scraping unit 302 includes a gear motor 303 fixed on the top surface of the movable base 301, the output shaft of the gear motor 303 is connected to the knife seat 304, and the knife seat 304 is connected to the scraper 305; the limiting mechanism includes two horizontal plates 306 fixed on the top surface of the machine base 300, and one end of the two horizontal plates 306 is installed with a limiting plate 307. The top surface of the machine base 300 is located in the enclosed area between the two horizontal plates 306 and the limiting plate 307. There are several supporting plates 308 distributed in the enclosed area between the two horizontal plates 306 and the limiting plate 307. The supporting plates 308 are used to provide support for the printing base plate to be scraped. The horizontal plate 306 and the limiting plate 307 form an enclosure and limit for the printing base to be printed; two fifth slide rails 309 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the machine base 300 corresponding to the movable base 301, and fifth sliders 310 adapted to the two fifth slide rails 309 are installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the movable base 301; a supporting table 311 is also installed on one side of the machine base 300, and a mechanical gripper 312 is fixed on the top surface of the supporting table 311. The mechanical gripper 312 holds the printed part when shoveling the material and moves the printing shop to the preset area for collection after shoveling the material.

[0054] When in use, the printing base plate with the printed product is placed in the enclosed area of the unloading unit 3, the movable base 301 drives the shoveling unit 302 to move to the corresponding position of the printing base plate, the gear motor 303 drives the shovel blade 305 to shovel the printed product from the printing plate 103, the limiting mechanism limits the printing plate 103, the mechanical gripper 312 holds the printed part while shoveling, and moves the printed part to the preset area for collection after shoveling; when the unloading operation starts, the printed printing base plate is accurately placed in the enclosed area of the unloading unit 3, at this time, the movable base 301 drives the shoveling unit 302 to move accurately to the corresponding position of the printing base plate through the guiding effect of the fifth slide rail 309, the gear motor 303 acts as a power source to drive the shovel blade 305 to move, and the printed product is smoothly shoveled off the printing plate 103. In the shoveling process, the limiting mechanism plays a key role. The structure composed of two horizontal plates 306, a limiting plate 307 and several supporting plates 308 is used to stably limit the printing plate 103 to prevent it from being displaced or shaken during the shoveling process, thereby ensuring the safety and accuracy of the shoveling operation. At the same time, the mechanical gripper 312 operates synchronously to support the printed part during shoveling to prevent the printed part from being offset or damaged due to the force of the scraper 305. After the shoveling is completed, the mechanical gripper 312 moves the printed part to a preset collection area to complete the unloading operation; the coordinated work of the various components of the unloading unit 3 realizes the full process automation from shoveling off the printed product to the collection, improves the unloading efficiency, reduces manual intervention, and further improves the overall working performance and automation level of the large-scale FDM printer. The stable and efficient unloading process creates good conditions for subsequent printing operations and ensures the smoothness of the continuous operation of the printer.

[0055] A method for operating a large-scale FDM printer comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1: Printing preparation: The dynamic cooling mechanism is turned on, and the cooling device 4 is in a standby state. The printing material is installed on the extrusion unit 102, and the extrusion unit 102 is started. According to the preset printing program, the second drive component drives the extrusion unit 102 to move along the x-axis or y-axis to stack the printing material layer by layer on the printing plate 103. The first drive component cooperates to control the printing platform 101 to slide radially up and down in the main frame 100 to complete the three-dimensional model printing;

[0057] S2: After the product printing is completed, the first drive assembly drives the printing platform 101 to descend to the preset position. At this time, the four lever-type clamping cylinders 804 cancel the clamping of the printing plate 103, and the two lifting cylinders 806 drive the lifting parts 807 to lift the printing plate 103 upward for a distance so that its height is adapted to the transposition unit 2.

[0058] S3: The transposition and cooling operations are coordinated. The clamping mechanism of the transposition unit 2 is provided with a double clamping end. Before the current printing is completed, the previous printing base plate has completed the scraping process in the scraping unit 302, and one of the clamping ends of the clamping mechanism has clamped the printing base plate after scraping; when the printing unit 1 completes this printing, the clamping mechanism clamps the printing base plate with the printed product; the sliding stand 201 moves along the slide rail of the assembly base plate 200 to the corresponding position of the cooling device 4, and the rotating table 204 drives the two printing base plates to rotate 90° clockwise, so that the printing base plate with the printed product is transferred to the cooling area; after the sensor on the surface of the frame 400 of the cooling device 4 detects that the printing base plate has entered, it immediately starts the fluid driving element 404; at the same time, the cooling device 4 is linked to the dynamic cooling mechanism, and the reaction tank 603 senses the fluid temperature in real time, and intelligently controls the fluid to switch between the first cooling circuit or the second cooling circuit based on the temperature data to achieve efficient cooling;

[0059] S4: Automated unloading. After cooling, the transposition unit 2 drives the two printing plates to rotate 90° clockwise again to complete the transposition. The sliding stand 201 first transfers the unloaded printing plate to the printing unit 1 for subsequent printing, and then transfers the printing plate carrying the finished print product to the enclosed limit interval of the unloading unit 3. The movable base 301 drives the shoveling unit 302 to move to the printing plate, and the gear motor 303 drives the scraper 305 to separate the finished print product from the plate. During this process, the limiting mechanism firmly limits the printing plate 103, and the mechanical gripper 312 simultaneously assists in supporting the printed part. After the shoveling is completed, the mechanical gripper 312 transfers the printed part to the preset collection area.

[0060] S5: Device reset. Each unit performs the reset operation to complete the device status initialization and prepare for the next printing task.

[0061] In the large-scale FDM printer of the present invention, each electrical component is electrically connected to an external main controller and 220V mains electricity. The main controller can be a conventional control device such as a computer.

[0062] It should also be pointed out that the terms used in the present invention, such as "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., which indicate orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale FDM printer comprising a printing unit (1), a transposition unit (2) and a discharge unit (3), characterized in that: The printing unit (1) includes a main frame (100) and a printing platform (101) is provided in the main frame (100), the printing platform (101) is connected to a first driving component for controlling its radial upward and downward sliding in the main frame (100), an extrusion unit (102) is further provided on the top of the main frame (100), and a second driving component for controlling the x-axis or y-axis movement of the extrusion unit (102) is further provided in the main frame (100), a fixing component for fixing a printing plate (103) and a lifting component for lifting the printing plate (103) are provided on the printing platform (101), and the unloading unit (3) includes a machine base (300), and a movable base (301) is provided on the top surface of the machine base (300), and a shoveling unit is provided on the top surface of the movable base (301). (302), the top surface of the machine base (300) is located on one side of the shoveling unit (302) and is also provided with a limiting mechanism for placing the printing plate (103) and limiting the printing plate (103), the transposition unit (2) includes an assembly base (200) fixed between the main frame (100) and the machine base (300), a sliding stand (201) is slidably provided on the assembly base (200), and a clamping mechanism for clamping the printing platform (101) and driving the printing platform (101) to rotate and transpose is provided on the sliding stand (201), a cooling device (4) is provided on one side of the transposition unit (2), the transposition unit (2) controls the printing platform (101) to transpose to the unloading unit (3) and pass through the cooling unit, and the cooling unit is used to cool the printed product;Two cylinders (5) are correspondingly mounted on the top surface of the assembly base plate (200), and the cylinder (5) is internally provided with a movable plug (500) for separating the cylinder (5) into two cavities. The movable plug (500) includes a rod (501) and a plug head (502). A guide hole (503) penetrating the rod (501) is formed at the center of the plug head (502), and a matching slide rod (504) is slidably provided in the guide hole (503). The plug head (502) is formed with a plurality of first matching holes (505) for mutual communication between the two cavities. The first matching holes (505) are distributed axially along the plug head (502) and are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the central axis. The plug head (502) is located at the center of the plug head (502). A guide seat (506) is fixedly installed at the corresponding position of the two groups of first matching holes (505), and the guide seat (506) is provided with a plurality of second matching holes (507) adapted to the first matching holes (505). A dynamic adjustment plate (508) is slidably provided on the outer side of the guide seat (506), and the dynamic adjustment plate (508) is provided with a third matching hole (509) adapted to the first matching hole (505) and the second matching hole (507). One end of the two dynamic adjustment plates (508) close to the guide hole (503) is rotatably connected to a linkage arm (510), and the other end of the two linkage arms (510) is rotatably connected to the inner end of the slide rod. Two extension plates (511) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the sliding stand (201). ) and the outer end of the extension plate (511) is connected to a vertical plate (512), the end of the matching slide rod (504) away from the linkage arm (510) is fixedly connected to the vertical plate (512), the outer ring of the end of the rod portion (501) of the movable plug (500) away from the plug head portion (502) is formed with a limiting ring (513), the connection between the vertical plate (512) and the matching slide rod (504) is formed with a limiting sleeve (514), the matching slide rod (504) extends through and into the limiting sleeve (514) and is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the limiting sleeve (514), the rod portion (501) extends through and into the limiting sleeve (514) and the outer ring has a limiting ring (513), the limiting ring (513) and the limiting sleeve A first spring member (515) is sleeved between the inner bottom wall of the cylinder (514); when the sliding stand (201) slides left and right, the vertical plate (512) cooperates with the matching slide rod (504), driving the movable plug (500) to slide in the cylinder (5) to ensure the smooth sliding of the sliding stand (201); when the sliding stand (201) slides, the vertical plate (512) applies force to the matching slide rod (504); the matching slide rod (504) drives the dynamic adjustment plate (508) to slide back and forth along the guide seat (506) through cooperation with the linkage arm (510), thereby changing the effective flow aperture of the liquid flow channel between the third matching hole (509) and the second matching hole (507).

2. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first slide rails (202) are correspondingly arranged on the assembly base (200), and first sliders (203) adapted to the two first slide rails (202) are distributed at the four corners of the bottom of the sliding stand (201). A rotating table (204) is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the sliding stand (201). The clamping mechanism includes two supporting rods (205) correspondingly arranged on the rotating table (204), and a fixed base plate (206) is commonly installed on the left and right ends of the two supporting rods (205). Two assembly seats (207) are correspondingly installed on the outer side of the top surface of the fixed base plate (206), and the assembly seat (207) is installed with a clamping claw (208). The top surface of the fixed base plate (206) is also installed with a first power source (209) for driving the two clamping claws (208) to clamp or release.

3. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device (4) comprises a frame (400) and a vertical plate (401) is formed on the top surface of the frame (400), two cooling air chambers (402) are correspondingly provided at the front end of the vertical plate (401), and a plurality of air outlets (403) are opened at the front end of the cooling air chamber (402), and a fluid driving element (404) is fixedly installed at the front end of the cooling air chamber (402) at the corresponding position of each air outlet (403), and a plurality of cooling pipes (405) are commonly passed through the two cooling air chambers (402), and each of the cooling pipes (405) is commonly connected to a liquid inlet main joint (406) and a liquid outlet main joint (407), and the liquid inlet main joint (406) and the liquid outlet main joint (407) are commonly connected to a dynamic cooling mechanism, and the dynamic cooling mechanism includes The invention comprises a first cooling circuit and a second cooling circuit, wherein the first cooling circuit comprises a cooling box (6), a solenoid valve (600), a merging tank (601), a first liquid pump (602) and a reaction tank (603), wherein the cooling box (6) is connected to the liquid outlet main connector (407) through a pipeline, and the reaction tank (603) is connected to the liquid inlet main connector (406) through a pipeline, and the second cooling circuit comprises a second liquid pump (604) and two cooling tanks (605), wherein the two cooling tanks (605) are connected to a liquid feeding tank (709) and the liquid feeding tank (709) is connected to the merging tank (601) through a pipeline, and the reaction tank (603) senses the temperature of the fluid to control the fluid to flow through the first cooling circuit or the second cooling circuit.

4. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling box (6) has a first liquid inlet joint (606) and a first liquid outlet joint (607), the first liquid inlet joint (606) is connected to the liquid outlet main joint (407) through a pipeline, and the first liquid outlet joint (607) is connected to the solenoid valve (600) through a pipeline. The top surface of the cooling box (6) is open and two limiting slides (608) are correspondingly provided on the front and rear sides. The top surface of the cooling box (6) has a cooling cover and the cooling cover has a limiting portion (609) adapted to the two limiting slides (608). The top surface of the cooling cover has a plurality of heat sinks (610) distributed radially, the two heat sinks (610) on the top have a hook-shaped disturbance portion, and the surface of each heat sink (610) has a serrated texture.

5. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reaction tank (603) includes a second liquid inlet joint (611) and a second liquid outlet joint (612). The second liquid inlet joint (611) is connected to the first liquid pump (602) via a pipeline, and the inner end of the second liquid inlet joint (611) has two side channels (613). The second liquid outlet joint (612) is connected to the main liquid inlet joint (406) via a pipeline. A medium cavity (614) is formed in the center of the reaction tank (603), and the medium cavity (614) contains a reaction medium. A mating plug (615) is movably provided in the medium cavity (614), one end of the top surface of the mating plug (615) is provided with a top column (616), and the outer ring of the top column (616) is provided with a first limiting ring (617), the inner wall of the medium cavity (614) and the top column (616) facing each other is provided with a contact sensor (618), and the outer ring of the contact sensor (618) is provided with a second limiting ring (619), and the outer rings of the first limiting ring (617) and the second limiting ring (619) are jointly sleeved with a second spring member (620).

6. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid delivery tank (709) is formed with a first cavity (7) and a second cavity (700), the first cavity (7) has a third liquid inlet joint (701) and a third liquid outlet joint (702), the second cavity (700) has a fourth liquid inlet joint (703) and a fourth liquid outlet joint (704), the third liquid inlet joint (701) and the fourth liquid inlet joint (703) are connected to the two cooling tanks (605) through pipelines, and the third liquid outlet joint (702) and the fourth liquid outlet joint (704) are connected to the cooling tanks (605) through pipelines. The pipeline is connected to the merging tank (601), a movable block (705) is slidably provided in the first cavity (7), and a plurality of third spring members (706) are provided between the cavity and the movable block (705), a movable column (707) is slidably provided in the second cavity (700), and the movable column (707) has a driving column (708) extending outside the tank body, and the driving column (708) is connected to an external power source to drive it to reciprocate along the second cavity (700), and both of the cooling tanks (605) are equipped with refrigeration pipes.

7. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving assembly includes four second slide rails (8) fixedly mounted in the main frame (100) and distributed in a rectangular shape, each second slide rail (8) is provided with a second slider (800), and the two second sliders (800) on the same side are commonly connected to an assembly substrate (801), and the printing platform (101) is installed between the two assembly substrates (801); a plurality of first openings (802) are opened at the four corners of the top surface of the printing platform (101), and a first fixed plate (803) is provided below the printing platform (101) at the corresponding position of each first opening (802), and a lever-type clamping cylinder (804) is fixed on the upper surface of the first fixed plate (803), and a second fixed plate (805) is fixed in the center of the four first fixed plates (803) below the printing platform (101). Two lifting cylinders (806) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the two fixed plates (805), and the output shafts of the lifting cylinders (806) are driven and connected to the lifting parts (807). The printing platform (101) is provided with second openings (808) for the lifting parts (807) to move at the corresponding positions of each lifting cylinder (806); the second driving unit includes two third slide rails (809) correspondingly arranged on the top of the main frame (100) on the left and right sides, and a third slider (810) is slidably arranged on the two third slide rails (809), and the top surface of the third slider (810) has a mounting seat (811), and a fourth slide rail (813) is fixedly installed between the two mounting seats (811), and the fourth slide rail (813) is matched with a fourth slider (814), and the extrusion unit (102) is fixedly connected to the fourth slider (814).

8. The large-scale FDM printer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shoveling unit (302) includes a gear motor (303) fixed on the top surface of the movable base (301), the output shaft of the gear motor (303) is connected to a knife seat (304), and the knife seat (304) is connected to a scraper (305); the limiting mechanism includes two horizontal plates (306) fixed on the top surface of the machine base (300), one end of the two horizontal plates (306) is installed with a limiting support plate (307), and the top surface of the machine base (300) is located in the enclosed area between the two horizontal plates (306) and the limiting support plate (307). The supporting plates (308) are used to support the printing base plate for the shoveling material. Provide support, the horizontal plate (306) and the limit plate (307) form an enclosure limit for the printing base to be printed; the top surface of the machine base (300) is located at the corresponding position of the movable base (301) and is fixed with two fifth slide rails (309), and the four corners of the bottom surface of the movable base (301) are installed with fifth sliders (310) adapted to the two fifth slide rails (309); a supporting table (311) is also installed on one side of the machine base (300), and a mechanical gripper (312) is fixed on the top surface of the supporting table (311), and the mechanical gripper (312) supports the printed part when shoveling the material and moves the printed part to a preset area for collection after shoveling the material.

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