Solar seawater desalination device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a solar seawater desalination device and method.The solar seawater desalination device comprises a water taking unit, a cooling unit and a distillation unit, the cooling unit is fixedly arranged in the water taking unit, the distillation unit is fixedly arranged outside the water taking unit, and four supporting legs distributed in a circumferential array mode are fixedly installed at the bottom of the distillation unit. Sunlight is gathered through a convex lens to heat a heat conduction copper core, the temperature in a cylinder barrel is increased, the pressure intensity in the cylinder barrel is increased, a magnetic piston and a ballast water column are pushed to move downwards, the ballast water column moves downwards to drive a rubber plug to move and block the top of a water taking hole, and seawater in a water taking pipe is extruded along with continuous downward movement of the ballast water column; the liquid level of seawater in the water taking pipe rises, the seawater enters the water storage cylinder through the water guide hole, is finally discharged from the water outlet and falls on the top of the heating plate, and the seawater is distilled and desalinated through the distillation unit, so that the situation that the seawater is accumulated in the distillation device is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, and specifically to a solar seawater desalination device and method. Background Art

[0002] Seawater desalination refers to the conversion of seawater with a relatively high salt content into fresh water suitable for drinking or industrial use. This technology solves the problem of shortage of fresh water resources near the ocean. Seawater desalination can be achieved through various methods, including membrane technology and thermal methods, etc. However, these processes usually require a large amount of energy. Therefore, in recent years, the technology of using solar energy to desalinate seawater has developed rapidly; According to a Chinese patent with the application publication number 202411247598.4, a small solar seawater desalination device is disclosed. By scraping the surface of the heat absorption plate, the residues accumulated on the surface of the heat absorption plate are cleaned, the stability of the heat absorption plate absorbing solar energy is maintained, and the residues are collected at a position where they do not affect the heat absorption of the heat absorption plate. While cleaning the heat absorption plate, the residues are collected. The above seawater desalination device uses the wave action to transport seawater to the top of the heat absorption plate for heating and vaporization. When the wave frequency is high, the amount of seawater transported will increase, and a large amount of seawater is likely to accumulate on the heat absorption plate. And when there are no waves, the above seawater desalination device loses its desalination function, making the overall use of the seawater desalination device highly restricted. For this reason, we propose a solar seawater desalination device and method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A solar seawater desalination device, comprising: A water intake unit for desalination and suction of seawater; A cooling unit fixedly arranged inside the water intake unit for cooling the water intake unit; A distillation unit fixedly arranged outside the water intake unit for distillation and desalination of seawater.

[0004] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the water intake unit includes: A water intake pipe fixedly arranged in the middle of the distillation unit. The top of the water intake pipe is funnel-shaped, and its top diameter is larger than its bottom diameter; A water intake hole penetrating through the center of the bottom of the water intake pipe; Water guiding holes penetrating through the top of the water intake pipe, and the number of them is multiple. The multiple water guiding holes are arranged in a circumferential array; A water storage cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the water intake pipe and located outside the multiple water guiding holes; Drain outlets are formed through the upper part of the outer wall of the water storage cylinder, and there are multiple of them. The multiple drain outlets are circumferentially arrayed on the surface of the water storage cylinder, and the drain outlets are arranged in multiple upper and lower layers; A cylinder cover is fixedly installed on the top of the drain outlet; A cylinder barrel is fixedly installed inside the cylinder cover, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the water intake pipe; A magnetic piston is slidably installed inside the cylinder barrel; A ballast water column is fixedly installed at the bottom of the magnetic piston and is concentric with the magnetic piston. The bottom of the ballast water column extends movably into the inside of the water intake pipe.

[0005] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the water intake unit further includes: A heat-conducting copper core is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder barrel and extends into the inside of the cylinder barrel; A convex lens is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder barrel through a fixed bracket, and the focal point of the convex lens is located at the center of the top of the heat-conducting copper core.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the water intake unit further includes: A telescopic sliding hole is formed at the center of the bottom of the ballast water column and extends into the inside of the telescopic sliding hole; A telescopic sliding rod is slidably installed inside the telescopic sliding hole; A rubber plug is fixedly installed at the bottom of the telescopic sliding rod. The specification of the rubber plug is adapted to the specification of the water intake hole, and there is a 20-mm gap between the bottom of the rubber plug and the inner side of the bottom of the water intake pipe; A spring is sleeved around the telescopic sliding rod and is fixedly installed between the bottom of the ballast water column and the top of the rubber plug; A filter head is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water intake pipe, and the filter head is used for filtering debris.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the cooling unit includes: A water-blocking sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder cover and is located between the water storage cylinder and the cylinder barrel. The water-blocking sleeve is located inside the multiple water guiding holes; A water-blocking sliding ring is slidably installed at the lower part of the inner wall of the water-blocking sleeve; Corner codes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water-blocking sliding ring at equal angles; A first magnetic ring is fixedly installed on the tops of the multiple corner codes; Push-pull rods are respectively fixedly installed on the tops of the multiple corner codes, and the tops of the push-pull rods are bent at right angles; A second magnetic ring is slidably installed on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel, and the second magnetic ring and the magnetic piston are magnetically attracted to each other; Suspension rods are fixedly installed at the bottom of the second magnetic ring at equal angles; The third magnetic ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of multiple suspension rods, and the bottom of the third magnetic ring has the opposite magnetism to the top of the first magnetic ring.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the distillation unit includes: A base, fixedly installed around the water intake pipe; A heating plate, fixedly installed on the top of the base and located around the water intake pipe; A conical condensation cover, fixedly installed on the top of the base; Radiating fins, fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical condensation cover in a circumferential array distribution; A water collecting tank, fixedly installed at the upper part of the inner wall of the radiating fins; A water delivery pipe, fixedly installed on the outer side of the conical condensation cover, and the height is adapted to that of the water collecting tank. The inside of the water delivery pipe is communicated with the inside of the conical condensation cover.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, it further includes: A photovoltaic panel, fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical condensation cover, and the photovoltaic panel is used to supply power to the heating plate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, it further includes: A water receiving box, fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water storage cylinder, and the water receiving box is located at the opening bottom of multiple drain ports; Water distribution pipes, fixedly installed at the lower part of the outer wall of the water receiving box in a circumferential array distribution, and the inside of each water distribution pipe is communicated with the inside of the water receiving box.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, it further includes: Support legs, four in number, and the four support legs are fixedly installed at the bottom of the base in a circumferential array distribution.

[0012] A desalination method for a solar seawater desalination device includes the following usage steps: S1, support this desalination device in seawater through four support legs, and insert the water intake pipe into the seawater. At the same time, ensure that the base is located on the top of the water surface, and seawater enters the inside of the water intake pipe through the water intake holes; S2, sunlight shines on the top of the convex lens, and the sunlight is converged by the convex lens to heat the heat-conducting copper core, so that the temperature inside the cylinder rises, the pressure inside the cylinder increases, and the magnetic piston together with the ballast water column moves downward. The downward movement of the ballast water column drives the rubber plug to move and block the top of the water intake hole. As the ballast water column continues to move downward, the seawater inside the water intake pipe is squeezed, so that the seawater level inside the water intake pipe rises, enters the inside of the water storage cylinder through the water guiding holes, and finally is discharged from the drain port and falls on the top of the heating plate; S3. The photovoltaic panel generates electrical energy through sunlight irradiation to supply power to the heating plate. The heating plate heats the seawater to make it evaporate and float upward. The water vapor adsorbs on the inner wall of the conical condensation cover. The inner wall of the conical condensation cover absorbs the heat of the water vapor, liquefies it, and then drains it into the inside of the water collection tank along the inner wall of the conical condensation cover, and finally discharges it from the water delivery pipe to complete seawater desalination.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, the sunlight is converged by the convex lens to heat the heat-conducting copper core, so that the temperature inside the cylinder rises, the pressure inside the cylinder increases, and the magnetic piston together with the ballast water column is pushed to move downward. The downward movement of the ballast water column drives the rubber plug to move and block the top of the water intake hole. As the ballast water column continues to move downward, the seawater inside the water intake pipe is squeezed, so that the sea water level inside the water intake pipe rises, enters the inside of the water storage cylinder through the water guide hole, and finally discharges from the drain port and falls on the top of the heating plate. Through the distillation unit for distillation and desalination treatment, the situation that seawater accumulates inside the distillation device will not occur.

[0014] 2. In the present invention, during the downward movement of the magnetic piston, the second magnetic ring outside it will also be driven to move downward under the action of magnetic force. Therefore, the push rod abutting against the top of the second magnetic ring moves downward together under the action of gravity, and drives the water-blocking sliding ring to slide downward along the inner wall of the water-blocking sleeve through the first magnetic ring and the angle code, blocking the bottom of the water-blocking sliding ring. Therefore, when the sea water level inside the water intake pipe rises, it will not enter between the water-blocking sleeve and the cylinder, avoiding the contact between the sea water and the inner wall of the cylinder. Therefore, the heat of the air inside the cylinder will not be absorbed by the sea water, ensuring that there is enough pressure inside the cylinder to continue to push the magnetic piston downward.

[0015] 3. In the present invention, when the magnetic piston moves down to the lower dead center position, the second magnetic ring moving down together with the magnetic piston drives the third magnetic ring to move down to the top of the first magnetic ring through the hanging rod. The first magnetic ring moves upward under the magnetic attraction of the third magnetic ring. The upward movement of the first magnetic ring drives the water-blocking sliding ring to slide upward along the inner wall of the water-blocking sleeve through the angle code, opening the bottom of the water-blocking sliding ring. At this time, the sea water located between the water storage cylinder and the water-blocking sleeve enters the inside of the water-blocking sleeve through the channel between the bottom of the water-blocking sliding ring and the top of the water intake pipe. The sea water entering the inside of the water-blocking sleeve contacts the outer wall of the cylinder and continuously absorbs the temperature of the air inside the cylinder, resulting in a gradual decrease in the temperature of the air inside the cylinder and a gradual recovery of the air pressure inside the cylinder. Therefore, the magnetic piston gradually resets upward.

[0016] 4. In the present invention, during the upward resetting process of the magnetic piston, the second magnetic ring is driven to move upward under the action of magnetic force. When the top of the second magnetic ring contacts the bottom of the bent part of the push rod, the push rod is lifted upward, and then the water blocking sliding ring is driven to slide upward along the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve through the angle code, resulting in the opening of the bottom of the water blocking sleeve. The seawater located inside the water blocking sleeve flows back into the intake pipe through the water guiding holes, which is conducive to reheating inside the cylinder barrel to meet the next water intake requirement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side-sectional structural diagram of the conical condensation cover in the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the intake pipe in the present invention; Figure 4 In the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged structural diagram of part A; Figure 5 In the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged structural diagram of part B; Figure 6 is a side-sectional structural diagram of the ballast water column in the present invention; Figure 7 In the present invention Figure 6 is an enlarged structural diagram of part C; Figure 8 In the present invention Figure 6 is an enlarged structural diagram of part D; Figure 9 is a detailed structural diagram of the cooling unit in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 100, water intake unit; 101, intake pipe; 1001, water guiding hole; 102, water intake hole; 103, water storage cylinder; 104, drain port; 105, cylinder cover; 106, cylinder barrel; 107, magnetic piston; 108, ballast water column; 109, heat-conducting copper core; 1010, convex lens; 1011, telescopic sliding hole; 1012, telescopic sliding rod; 1013, rubber plug; 1014, spring; 1015, filter head; 200, cooling unit; 201, water blocking sleeve; 202, water blocking sliding ring; 203, angle code; 204, first magnetic ring; 205, push rod; 206, second magnetic ring; 207, suspension rod; 208, third magnetic ring; 300, distillation unit; 301, base; 302, heating plate; 303, conical condensation cover; 304, heat dissipation fin; 305, water collection tank; 306, water delivery pipe; 400, photovoltaic panel; 500, water receiving box; 501, water distribution pipe; 600, support leg. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the technical solutions provided by the present invention specifically include the following embodiments: A solar desalination device includes a water intake unit 100, a cooling unit 200, and a distillation unit 300. The water intake unit 100 is used for desalination and suction of seawater. The cooling unit 200 is fixedly arranged inside the water intake unit 100 for cooling the water intake unit 100. The distillation unit 300 is fixedly arranged outside the water intake unit 100 for distillation and desalination of seawater. Four support legs 600 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the distillation unit 300 and are distributed in a circumferential array.

[0021] Further, specifically refer to Figures 3 to 7 as shown: The water intake unit 100 includes a water intake pipe 101, water guiding holes 1001, a water intake hole 102, a water storage cylinder 103, a drain port 104, a cylinder cover 105, a cylinder barrel 106, a magnetic piston 107, a ballast water column 108, a heat-conducting copper core 109, and a convex lens 1010. The water intake pipe 101 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the distillation unit 300. The top of the water intake pipe 101 is funnel-shaped, and its top diameter is larger than its bottom diameter. The water intake hole 102 is penetrated and opened at the center of the bottom of the water intake pipe 101. The water guiding holes 1001 are penetrated and opened at the top of the water intake pipe 101, and the number of them is multiple. The multiple water guiding holes 1001 are distributed in a circumferential array. The water storage cylinder 103 is fixedly installed at the top of the water intake pipe 101 and is located outside the multiple water guiding holes 1001. The drain port 104 is penetrated and opened at the upper part of the outer wall of the water storage cylinder 103, and the number of them is multiple. The multiple drain ports 104 are distributed in a circumferential array on the surface of the water storage cylinder 103, and the drain ports 104 are arranged in multiple upper and lower layers. The cylinder cover 105 is fixedly installed at the top of the drain port 104. The cylinder barrel 106 is fixedly installed inside the cylinder cover 105, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the water intake pipe 101. The magnetic piston 107 is slidably installed inside the cylinder barrel 106. The ballast water column 108 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the magnetic piston 107 and is concentric with the magnetic piston 107. The bottom of the ballast water column 108 extends downward into the inside of the water intake pipe 101. The heat-conducting copper core 109 is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder barrel 106 and extends into the inside of the cylinder barrel 106. The convex lens 1010 is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder barrel 106 through a fixed bracket. The focal point of the convex lens 1010 is located at the center of the top of the heat-conducting copper core 109.

[0022] Specifically, first place this seawater desalination device in seawater, and support and fix this device through four support legs 600 to ensure the stability of use. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the water intake pipe 101 extends into the seawater and ensure that the water surface is slightly lower than the bottom of the base 301. Seawater surges into the interior of the water intake pipe 101 through the water intake holes 102. After the top of the convex lens 1010 is irradiated by sunlight, the sunlight is converged by the convex lens 1010 and hits the top of the heat-conducting copper core 109 to heat the heat-conducting copper core 109. The heated heat-conducting copper core 109 will transfer the heat to the air inside the cylinder barrel 106, causing the temperature inside the cylinder barrel 106 to rise and its internal pressure to gradually increase, thereby pushing the magnetic piston 107 to move downward. The downward movement of the magnetic piston 107 drives the ballast water column 108 to move downward together. Since the downward movement of the ballast water column 108 will invade the internal space of the water intake pipe 101, the internal space of the water intake pipe 101 is gradually compressed. Therefore, the sea water level in the water intake pipe 101 continuously rises and finally enters the interior of the water storage cylinder 103 through the water guide hole 1001. When the sea water level rises to the position of the drain port 104, it is discharged through the drain port 104 and finally desalinated by distillation through the distillation unit 300.

[0023] Further, specifically refer to Figure 8 as shown in The water intake unit 100 further includes a telescopic sliding hole 1011, a telescopic sliding rod 1012, a rubber plug 1013, a spring 1014 and a filter head 1015. The telescopic sliding hole 1011 is opened at the center of the bottom of the ballast water column 108 and extends into the interior of the telescopic sliding hole 1011. The telescopic sliding rod 1012 is slidably installed inside the telescopic sliding hole 1011. The rubber plug 1013 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the telescopic sliding rod 1012. The specification of the rubber plug 1013 is adapted to the specification of the water intake hole 102. There is a 20-mm gap between the bottom of the rubber plug 1013 and the inner side of the bottom of the water intake pipe 101. The spring 1014 is sleeved around the telescopic sliding rod 1012 and is fixedly installed between the bottom of the ballast water column 108 and the top of the rubber plug 1013. The filter head 1015 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water intake pipe 101, and the filter head 1015 is used to filter debris.

[0024] Specifically, the ballast water column 108 moves downward, and further drives the telescopic slide rod 1012 and the rubber plug 1013 to move downward together under the connection action of the spring 1014, so that the rubber plug 1013 blocks the inside of the water intake hole 102. After that, the ballast water column 108 continues to move downward. Due to the resistance of the rubber plug 1013 and the water intake hole 102, the telescopic slide rod 1012 slides into the telescopic slide hole 1011, and the spring 1014 is compressed and stores energy. Since the rubber plug 1013 blocks the water intake hole 102, the seawater located inside the water intake pipe 101 will not be discharged through the water intake hole 102 after being squeezed by the downward movement of the ballast water column 108, but the liquid level gradually rises and finally drains into the distillation unit 300 through the drain port 104.

[0025] Further, specifically referring to Figure 9 as shown in The cooling unit 200 includes a water blocking sleeve 201, a water blocking slide ring 202, an angle bracket 203, a first magnetic ring 204, a push rod 205, a second magnetic ring 206, a hanging rod 207 and a third magnetic ring 208. The water blocking sleeve 201 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder cover 105 and is located between the water storage cylinder 103 and the cylinder barrel 106. The water blocking sleeve 201 is located inside multiple water guiding holes 1001. The water blocking slide ring 202 is slidably installed at the lower part of the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve 201. The angle brackets 203 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water blocking slide ring 202 at equal angles. The first magnetic ring 204 is fixedly installed on the tops of multiple angle brackets 203. The push rods 205 are respectively fixedly installed on the tops of multiple angle brackets 203. The top of the push rod 205 is set with a right-angle bend. The second magnetic ring 206 is slidably installed on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 106. The second magnetic ring 206 and the magnetic piston 107 are magnetically attracted to each other. The hanging rods 207 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the second magnetic ring 206 at equal angles. The third magnetic ring 208 is fixedly installed on the bottoms of multiple hanging rods 207. The bottom of the third magnetic ring 208 and the top of the first magnetic ring 204 have opposite magnetic polarities.

[0026] Specifically, during the downward movement of the magnetic piston 107, the second magnetic ring 206 around it will also move downward under the action of magnetic force. Therefore, the push rod 205 abutting against the top of the second magnetic ring 206 will move downward together under the action of gravity, and drive the water blocking slide ring 202 along the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve 201 downward through the first magnetic ring 204 and the angle code 203, blocking the bottom of the water blocking slide ring 202. Therefore, the sea water level in the water intake pipe 101 will not enter between the water blocking sleeve 201 and the cylinder barrel 106, preventing the sea water from contacting the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 106. Therefore, the heat of the air inside the cylinder barrel 106 will not be absorbed by the sea water, ensuring that there is enough pressure inside the cylinder barrel 106 to continue pushing the magnetic piston 107 downward. When the magnetic piston 107 moves downward to the bottom dead center position, the second magnetic ring 206 moving downward with the magnetic piston 107 drives the third magnetic ring 208 to move downward to the top of the first magnetic ring 204 through the hanging rod 207. The first magnetic ring 204 moves upward under the magnetic attraction of the third magnetic ring 208. The upward movement of the first magnetic ring 204 drives the water blocking slide ring 202 to slide upward along the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve 201 through the angle code 203, opening the bottom of the water blocking slide ring 202. At this time, the sea water between the water storage cylinder 103 and the water blocking sleeve 201 enters the inside of the water blocking sleeve 201 through the channel between the bottom of the water blocking slide ring 202 and the top of the water intake pipe 101. The sea water entering the inside of the water blocking sleeve 201 contacts the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 106, continuously absorbing the temperature of the air inside the cylinder barrel 106, causing the temperature of the air inside the cylinder barrel 106 to gradually decrease and the air pressure inside the cylinder barrel 106 to gradually recover. Therefore, the magnetic piston 107 gradually returns upward, and the spring 1014 gradually rebounds, causing the telescopic slide rod 1012 to slide out along the inner wall of the telescopic slide hole 1011 until the magnetic piston 107 returns to its original position, and the rubber plug 1013 moves out of the water intake hole 102. Sea water rushes into the inside of the water intake pipe 101 through the water intake hole 102 again. At the same time, during the upward return of the magnetic piston 107, it drives the second magnetic ring 206 to move upward together under the action of magnetic force. When the top of the second magnetic ring 206 contacts the bottom of the bent part of the push rod 205, it lifts the push rod 205 upward, and then drives the water blocking slide ring 202 to slide upward along the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve 201 through the angle code 203, causing the bottom of the water blocking sleeve 201 to open. The sea water inside the water blocking sleeve 201 flows back into the water intake pipe 101 through the water guiding hole 1001, which is conducive to the cylinder barrel 106 to accumulate heat again to meet the next water intake requirement.

[0027] Further, specifically referring to Figure 2 as shown: The distillation unit 300 includes a base 301, a heating plate 302, a conical condensation cover 303, heat dissipation fins 304, a water collection tank 305 and a water delivery pipe 306. The base 301 is fixedly installed around the water intake pipe 101. The heating plate 302 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 301 and is located around the water intake pipe 101. The conical condensation cover 303 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 301. The heat dissipation fins 304 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical condensation cover 303 in a circumferential array. The water collection tank 305 is fixedly installed at the upper part of the inner wall of the heat dissipation fins 304. The water delivery pipe 306 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the conical condensation cover 303 and its height is adapted to that of the water collection tank 305. The inside of the water delivery pipe 306 is communicated with the inside of the conical condensation cover 303. A photovoltaic panel 400 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical condensation cover 303, and the photovoltaic panel 400 is used to supply power to the heating plate 302.

[0028] Specifically, by irradiating the surface of the photovoltaic panel 400 with sunlight, the photovoltaic panel 400 generates electric energy and supplies power to the heating plate 302, causing the heating plate 302 to heat the seawater on its top. The heated seawater gradually evaporates into water vapor and floats upward. Finally, it is intercepted by the conical condensation cover 303 and adheres to the inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303. The conical condensation cover 303 condenses the water vapor, and the condensed water droplets flow downward along the inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303 and finally enter the water collection tank 305 and are then discharged through the water delivery pipe 306.

[0029] Further, specifically referring to Figure 3 as shown: It further includes a water receiving box 500 and a water distribution pipe 501. The water receiving box 500 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water storage cylinder 103. The water receiving box 500 is located at the opening bottom of a plurality of drain ports 104. The water distribution pipes 501 are fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer wall of the water receiving box 500 in a circumferential array. The inside of each water distribution pipe 501 is communicated with the inside of the water receiving box 500.

[0030] Specifically, the seawater discharged from the drain ports 104 is collected by the water receiving box 500 and then dispersed and discharged to the top of the heating plate 302 through a plurality of water distribution pipes 501, making the seawater on the top of the heating plate 302 more evenly distributed and the distillation effect better.

[0031] A desalination method of a solar seawater desalination device includes the following usage steps: S1, support this desalination device in seawater through four support legs 600, and insert the water intake pipe 101 into the seawater. At the same time, ensure that the base 301 is located on the top of the water surface, and the seawater enters the inside of the water intake pipe 101 through the water intake holes 102; S2. The sun shines on the top of the convex lens 1010, and the sunlight is concentrated by the convex lens 1010 to heat the heat-conducting copper core 109, causing the temperature inside the cylinder 106 to rise and the pressure inside the cylinder 106 to increase. This pushes the magnetic piston 107 together with the ballast water column 108 to move downward. The downward movement of the ballast water column 108 drives the rubber plug 1013 to move and block the top of the water intake hole 102. As the ballast water column 108 continues to move downward, it squeezes the seawater inside the water intake pipe 101, causing the seawater level inside the water intake pipe 101 to rise. The seawater enters the inside of the water storage cylinder 103 through the water guide hole 1001 and finally drains out from the drain port 104 and falls on the top of the heating plate 302. S3. The photovoltaic panel 400 generates electrical energy through sunlight irradiation to supply power to the heating plate 302. The heating plate 302 heats the seawater to make it evaporate and float upward. The water vapor adsorbs on the inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303. The inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303 absorbs the heat of the water vapor, causing it to liquefy and then drain into the inside of the water collection tank 305 along the inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303, and finally drains out from the water delivery pipe 306 to complete seawater desalination.

[0032] When a solar seawater desalination device of this solution is working, first place this seawater desalination device in seawater, and support and fix this device through four support legs 600 to ensure the stability of use. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the water intake pipe 101 extends into the seawater, and at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the water surface is slightly lower than the bottom of the base 301, and the seawater surges into the inside of the water intake pipe 101 through the water intake hole 102. The use process of this device is divided into a seawater suction process and a seawater distillation process: During the seawater intake process, after sunlight shines on the top of the convex lens 1010, the sunlight is converged by the convex lens 1010 and hits the top of the heat-conducting copper core 109, heating the heat-conducting copper core 109. The heated heat-conducting copper core 109 will transfer the heat to the air inside the cylinder barrel 106, causing the temperature inside the cylinder barrel 106 to rise and its internal pressure to gradually increase, thereby pushing the magnetic piston 107 to move downward. During the downward movement of the magnetic piston 107, the second magnetic ring 206 around it will also move downward under the action of magnetic force. Therefore, the push rod 205 abutting against the top of the second magnetic ring 206 moves downward together under the action of gravity, and drives the water-blocking sliding ring 202 to slide downward along the inner wall of the water-blocking sleeve 201 through the first magnetic ring 204 and the angle code 203, blocking the bottom of the water-blocking sliding ring 202. Therefore, the sea water level in the water intake pipe 101 will not enter the space between the water-blocking sleeve 201 and the cylinder barrel 106, preventing the sea water from contacting the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 106. Therefore, the heat of the air inside the cylinder barrel 106 will not be absorbed by the sea water, ensuring that there is enough pressure inside the cylinder barrel 106 to continue pushing the magnetic piston 107 downward. At the same time, the downward movement of the magnetic piston 107 drives the ballast water column 108 to move downward together, and further drives the telescopic sliding rod 1012 and the rubber plug 1013 to move downward together under the connection action of the spring 1014, so that the rubber plug 1013 blocks the water intake hole 102. After that, the ballast water column 108 continues to move downward and is resisted by the rubber plug 1013 and the water intake hole 102. Therefore, the telescopic sliding rod 1012 slides into the telescopic sliding hole 1011, and the spring 1014 is compressed and stores energy. Since the downward movement of the ballast water column 108 invades the internal space of the water intake pipe 101, the internal space of the water intake pipe 101 is gradually compressed. Therefore, the sea water level flowing into the water intake pipe 101 continuously rises, and finally enters the inside of the water storage cylinder 103 and the outer space between the water-blocking sleeve 201 and the water-blocking sliding ring 202 through the water guide hole 1001. When the sea water level rises to the position of the drain port 104, it is discharged through the drain port 104, collected by the water receiving box 500 and then dispersed and discharged to the top of the heating plate 302 through a plurality of sub-water pipes 501; During the seawater distillation process, sunlight shines on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 400, causing the photovoltaic panel 400 to generate electric energy and supply power to the heating plate 302, causing the heating plate 302 to heat the seawater on its top. The heated seawater gradually evaporates into water vapor and floats upward. Finally, it is intercepted by the conical condensation cover 303 and adheres to the inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303, and the water vapor is condensed by the conical condensation cover 303. The condensed water droplets then flow downward along the inner wall of the conical condensation cover 303 and finally enter the inside of the water collection tank 305 and are discharged through the water delivery pipe 306; It should be noted that when the magnetic piston 107 moves downward to the bottom dead center position, the second magnetic ring 206 that moves downward together with the magnetic piston 107 drives the third magnetic ring 208 to move downward to the top of the first magnetic ring 204 through the suspension rod 207. The first magnetic ring 204 moves upward under the magnetic attraction of the third magnetic ring 208. The upward movement of the first magnetic ring 204 drives the water blocking sliding ring 202 to slide upward along the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve 201 through the angle code 203, opening the bottom of the water blocking sliding ring 202. At this time, the seawater between the water storage cylinder 103 and the water blocking sleeve 201 enters the inside of the water blocking sleeve 201 through the channel between the bottom of the water blocking sliding ring 202 and the top of the water intake pipe 101. The seawater entering the inside of the water blocking sleeve 201 contacts the outer wall of the cylinder barrel 106, continuously absorbing the temperature of the air inside the cylinder barrel 106, causing the temperature of the air inside the cylinder barrel 106 to gradually decrease and the air pressure inside the cylinder barrel 106 to gradually recover. Therefore, the magnetic piston 107 gradually resets upward, and the spring 1014 gradually rebounds, causing the telescopic slide rod 1012 to slide out along the inner wall of the telescopic slide hole 1011 until the magnetic piston 107 resets to its original position, and the rubber plug 1013 moves out of the water intake hole 102. Seawater rushes into the inside of the water intake pipe 101 through the water intake hole 102 again. At the same time, during the upward reset process of the magnetic piston 107, the second magnetic ring 206 is driven to move upward under the magnetic force. When the top of the second magnetic ring 206 contacts the bottom of the bent part of the push rod 205, the push rod 205 is lifted upward, and then the water blocking sliding ring 202 is driven to slide upward along the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve 201 through the angle code 203, causing the bottom of the water blocking sleeve 201 to open. The seawater inside the water blocking sleeve 201 flows back into the water intake pipe 101 through the water guiding hole 1001, which is beneficial to the internal temperature storage of the cylinder barrel 106 again to meet the next water intake requirement.

[0033] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar desalination device, characterized in that: Comprising: A water intake unit (100) for desalination and extraction of seawater. The water intake unit (100) includes: A water intake pipe (101) fixedly arranged in the middle of the distillation unit (300). The top of the water intake pipe (101) is funnel-shaped, and its top diameter is larger than its bottom diameter; A water intake hole (102) penetratingly opened at the center of the bottom of the water intake pipe (101); Water guiding holes (1001) penetratingly opened at the top of the water intake pipe (101), and the number of the water guiding holes (1001) is multiple. The multiple water guiding holes (1001) are distributed in a circumferential array; A water storage cylinder (103) fixedly installed at the top of the water intake pipe (101) and located outside the multiple water guiding holes (1001); Drainage openings (104) penetratingly opened in the upper part of the outer wall of the water storage cylinder (103), and the number of the drainage openings (104) is multiple. The multiple drainage openings (104) are distributed in a circumferential array on the surface of the water storage cylinder (103), and the drainage openings (104) are arranged in multiple upper and lower layers; A cylinder cover (105) fixedly installed at the top of the drainage opening (104); A cylinder barrel (106) fixedly installed inside the cylinder cover (105), and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the water intake pipe (101); A magnetic piston (107) slidably installed inside the cylinder barrel (106); A ballast water column (108) fixedly installed at the bottom of the magnetic piston (107) and concentric with the magnetic piston (107). The bottom of the ballast water column (108) extends movably into the inside of the water intake pipe (101); The water intake unit (100) further includes: A heat-conducting copper core (109) fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder barrel (106) and extending into the inside of the cylinder barrel (106); A convex lens (1010) fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder barrel (106) through a fixed bracket. The focus of the convex lens (1010) is located at the center of the top of the heat-conducting copper core (109); A cooling unit (200) fixedly arranged inside the water intake unit (100) for cooling the water intake unit (100); A distillation unit (300) fixedly arranged outside the water intake unit (100) for distillation and desalination of seawater.

2. The solar seawater desalination device according to claim 1, wherein: The water intake unit (100) further includes: A telescopic sliding hole (1011) opened at the center of the bottom of the ballast water column (108) and extending into the inside of the telescopic sliding hole (1011); A telescopic sliding rod (1012) slidably installed inside the telescopic sliding hole (1011); A rubber plug (1013) fixedly installed at the bottom of the telescopic sliding rod (1012). The specification of the rubber plug (1013) is adapted to the specification of the water intake hole (102). A 20-mm gap is provided between the bottom of the rubber plug (1013) and the inner side surface of the bottom of the water intake pipe (101); A spring (1014) sleeved outside the telescopic sliding rod (1012) and fixedly installed between the bottom of the ballast water column (108) and the top of the rubber plug (1013); A filter head (1015) fixedly installed at the bottom of the water intake pipe (101). The filter head (1015) is used for filtering sundries.

3. The solar seawater desalination device according to claim 2, wherein: The cooling unit (200) includes: A water blocking sleeve (201), fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder cover (105) and located between the water storage cylinder (103) and the cylinder barrel (106), and the water blocking sleeve (201) is located inside a plurality of water guiding holes (1001); A water blocking sliding ring (202), slidably installed at the lower part of the inner wall of the water blocking sleeve (201); Corner codes (203), fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water blocking sliding ring (202) at equal angles; A first magnetic ring (204), fixedly installed on the tops of a plurality of corner codes (203); Push-pull rods (205), respectively fixedly installed on the tops of a plurality of corner codes (203), and the tops of the push-pull rods (205) are provided with right-angle bends; A second magnetic ring (206), slidably installed on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel (106), and the second magnetic ring (206) and the magnetic piston (107) are magnetically attracted to each other; Suspension rods (207), fixedly installed at the bottom of the second magnetic ring (206) at equal angles; A third magnetic ring (208), fixedly installed at the bottoms of a plurality of suspension rods (207), and the bottom of the third magnetic ring (208) and the top of the first magnetic ring (204) have opposite magnetic polarities.

4. The solar seawater desalination device according to claim 3, wherein: The distillation unit (300) includes: A base (301), fixedly installed around the water intake pipe (101); A heating plate (302), fixedly installed on the top of the base (301) and located around the water intake pipe (101); A conical condensation cover (303), fixedly installed on the top of the base (301); Heat dissipation fins (304), fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical condensation cover (303) in a circumferential array; A water collection tank (305), fixedly installed at the upper part of the inner wall of the heat dissipation fins (304); A water delivery pipe (306), fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the conical condensation cover (303) and having a height adapted to that of the water collection tank (305), and the inside of the water delivery pipe (306) is communicated with the inside of the conical condensation cover (303).

5. A solar seawater desalination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes: A photovoltaic panel (400), fixedly installed on the outer wall of the conical condensation cover (303), and the photovoltaic panel (400) is used to supply power to the heating plate (302).

6. The solar seawater desalination device according to claim 5, wherein: It further includes: A water receiving box (500), fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water storage cylinder (103), and the water receiving box (500) is located at the opening bottom of a plurality of drain ports (104); Water distribution pipes (501), fixedly installed at the lower part of the outer wall of the water receiving box (500) in a circumferential array, and the inside of each water distribution pipe (501) is communicated with the inside of the water receiving box (500).

7. The solar seawater desalination device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It further includes: Support legs (600), four in number, and the four support legs (600) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the base (301) in a circumferential array.

8. The desalination method of a solar seawater desalination device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It includes the following usage steps: S1, support this desalination device in seawater through the four support legs (600), and insert the water intake pipe (101) into the seawater, and at the same time ensure that the base (301) is located above the water surface, and seawater enters the inside of the water intake pipe (101) through the water intake holes (102); S2, sunlight irradiates the top of the convex lens (1010), and the sunlight is converged by the convex lens (1010) to heat the heat-conducting copper core (109), causing the temperature inside the cylinder (106) to rise and the pressure inside the cylinder (106) to increase. This pushes the magnetic piston (107) together with the ballast water column (108) downward. The downward movement of the ballast water column (108) drives the rubber plug (1013) to move and block the top of the water intake hole (102). As the ballast water column (108) continues to move downward, it squeezes the seawater inside the water intake pipe (101), causing the seawater level inside the water intake pipe (101) to rise. The seawater enters the inside of the water storage cylinder (103) through the water guide hole (1001) and finally discharges from the drain port (104) and falls on the top of the heating plate (302). S3, the photovoltaic panel (400) generates electrical energy through sunlight irradiation to supply power to the heating plate (302). The heating plate (302) heats the seawater to make it evaporate and float upward. The water vapor adsorbs on the inner wall of the conical condensation cover (303). The inner wall of the conical condensation cover (303) absorbs the heat of the water vapor, causing it to liquefy and then drain into the inside of the water collection tank (305) along the inner wall of the conical condensation cover (303), and finally discharges from the water delivery pipe (306) to complete seawater desalination.

Images